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课时作业(十二)　Unit 4　Section C Extended reading & Project & Further study　(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
Nancy Meherne lives a simple life by the sea, gardening and surfing at Scarborough Beach just a walking distance from her house. The 92-year-old's board was made in New Zealand in the 1970s. Unlike its owner, it's a little seriously worn out (its blue and red pattern is long gone)—but it's easy to carry and suits her just fine. Often wearing just a swimsuit, despite summer water temperatures ranging from 14 ℃ to 18 ℃， the grandmother of seven walks to waist-deep water, waits for the perfect wave and jumps on.
Born in Wellington in 1929 at the beginning of the Great Depression, Meherne says her life has been full of interesting or exciting moments. In her early 20s, after training and working as a schoolteacher, she left New Zealand by ship to study and work in England and other countries in Europe, spending her weekends and holidays exploring the region, taking free rides, sleeping on train platforms and staying in youth hotels.
Her travels also took her to India, Afghanistan, Syria, Lebanon and Pakistan where she taught at a school for three months. After returning to New Zealand, Meherne raised three children with her husband, Doug, while teaching in primary schools. Her teaching philosophy was similar to her life philosophy, “You've got to have fun.”
She remembers seeing the ocean for the first time and being shocked at its grandness. A keen swimmer and surf lifesaver in her youth, Meherne says she didn't take up surfing until her late 30s or early 40s when she was living in Sumner and started borrowing her son's board. “I never did try and stand up, but I loved it. I'd go whenever I could.”
Meherne will be 93 and says she will keep surfing for as long as she is able to “do a little jump” to get on the waves. Her husband Doug says, “She has certainly kept the bar pretty high there. She has aged but she hasn't got old—you know what I'm saying？”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是92岁高龄的Nancy Meherne一生都在坚持冲浪以此践行自己的人生哲学：你必须要有乐趣。
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph？(　　)
A．Meherne surfs near her home.
B．Meherne started surfing in the 1970s.
C．Meherne's worn board is too old to be used.
D．Summer water temperatures are unbearable for Meherne.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Nancy Meherne lives a simple life by the sea, gardening and surfing at Scarborough Beach just a walking distance from her house”可知，南希住在海边附近，可以直接步行去冲浪。故选A。
2．Which of the following words can best describe Meherne's early life？(　　)
A．Full and adventurous.
B．Hard and challenging.
C．Busy and pitiful.
D．Aimless and relaxing.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Born in Wellington in 1929 at the beginning of the Great Depression, Meherne says her life has been full of interesting or exciting moments”可知，南希一生过得充实且充满冒险。故选A。
3．What does Meherne's husband Doug mean by saying the words in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．Meherne has kept pushing and now reached her limit.
B．Despite her growing age, Meherne is still quite energetic.
C．Considering her growing age, Meherne is no longer fit for surfing.
D．Meherne has set so high a standard that other surfers can never reach.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Meherne will be 93 and says she will keep surfing for as long as she is able to ‘do a little jump’ to get on the waves”可知，南希马上就93岁，但心态却充满活力，不曾老去。故选B。
4．What does the text mainly talk about？(　　)
A．People's comments on an unusual surfer.
B．A woman who has stuck to surfing for decades.
C．The travelling experience of an excellent surfer.
D．The sport which attracts people of different ages—surfing.
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。本文讲述的是92岁高龄的南希·梅赫内一生都在坚持冲浪。故选B。
B
Why read, and sometimes even write poetry That question is not difficult to answer if we change the word poetry to songs.
I sing when I feel good. When I sing my favorite songs, I feel better. Sometimes when I am listening to music and to the song words, I feel that it was written for me. A good song always makes me feel something. There are songs that I sing in my head between classes and songs that I want to sing when the school bell rings by the end of the day. They help me get through the day.
They are like bright and warm colours in the middle of greys and shades. I like songs about love and friendship. The extraordinary thing is, my feelings are more special when I sing my favorite songs in English.
I also like reading. I used to avoid poetry until an e-pal told me I should recite poems and not look up the meaning of the words. Poetry uses many difficult words and idioms, but the best thing is to just forget about them. In the beginning I felt quite strange. Now I always lock the door. Reading aloud gives you a strange feeling, but when you have some practice and fall into the rhythm, the rhyme and the sounds of the words, it is really a special experience.
I started with small poems, but now I think I most like long poems. I have different feelings with different poems. When I have had a bad day at school, I read Keats and forget everything. When I am sad I read Wordsworth by the light of candle. When the poem is finished, I close the book and my sadness is gone.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。好的诗歌可以带给我们快乐，朗诵它们更会使我们心情愉悦。
5．I like song words because ________．(　　)
A．they are bright
B．they are colorful
C．they are greedy
D．my feelings given by them are more special
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“my feelings are more special when I sing my favorite songs in English”可知。
6．From Paragraph 4，we can learn ________．(　　)
A．we should read poems aloud
B．poems are strange
C．poems are difficult to understand
D．I am special
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者建议我们大声朗读诗歌，才能更好地体会诗歌的韵味。
7．What's the main idea of the passage？(　　)
A．We should read poems with doors closed.
B．We should first sing songs then read poems.
C．Reading poems can bring people pleasure just like singing a song.
D．We should first read short poems then long ones.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。好的诗歌可以带给我们快乐，朗诵它们更会使我们心情愉悦。
8．From the passage, we can infer that ________．(　　)
A．the writer used to like poetry very much
B．songs and poems are the same
C．the writer fell in love with poems as soon as e-pal told him something
D．now reading poems is part of the writer's life
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知，作者喜欢阅读，常常大声朗诵诗歌，并且读诗使自己心情愉快。
C
You rush through a crowded railway station, tripping over bags, with your coffee flying out, only to have the doors slide shut in your face, leaving you breathless on the platform (站台) as the train pulls away.
But at least if you're in France, someone may be playing the piano for you. But it won't be performed by a paid musician, or even a street entertainer playing for coins. It will just be an unplanned passer-by, jamming for the fun of it on one of the pianos that the national railroad company, S. N. C. F．， has fixed in nearly 100 stations across France. They are free for anyone to play, and travelers from all walks of life have taken to doing just that.
Gares & Connexions, the S. N. C. F. division that manages its stations, rents the instruments from the producer, Yamaha: which keeps them in good repair and adjusts their tunes (音调) every month or two. The first one was set up in the Gare Montparnasse in Paris in 2012.
The music, mixed with the sounds of shouting passengers, screaming trains and rolling suitcases, gives French stations a special soundscape. The amateur musicians have included Irish soccer fans and even babies. In 2014, Gares & Connexions and Yamaha organized a nationwide contest called Your Turn to Play, asking participants (参与者) to submit videos of themselves using one of the pianos. It drew nearly 900 entries.
Isn't the railroad company taking a big chance Apparently not: “None of the instruments has been vandalized to this day, or even only damaged，” said Claire Foumon, a spokeswoman for Gares & Connexions. “They are shared and respected by all.”
So if you miss a train in Paris; Bordeaux or Marseille one day, perhaps someone will be playing a favorite piece that will ease your pain. Or perhaps you'll sit down and play your anger and displeasure away yourself.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述法国铁路公司与雅马哈合作，在法国近一百个火车站放置钢琴，供旅客弹奏，以缓解他们匆忙的心情。
9．Why did Gares & Connexions fix pianos in railway stations？(　　)
A．To advertise Yamaha's products.
B．To make stations more attractive.
C．To let travelers have a relaxing trip.
D．To help street artists make a living.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知旅客乘车是很匆忙的，以及第二段第三句可知，它只是一个随意的路人，为了好玩，在法国国家铁路公司S. N. C. F．已经在法国全国近100个车站安装了一架钢琴。可知是为了让旅客有个放松的旅途。故选C。
10．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us？(　　)
A．The contest has proved a hit.
B．The pianos are very popular.
C．Railway stations are crowded.
D．Everyone can be an amateur musician.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段第二句和“It drew nearly 900 entries.”可知，行人很喜欢放置在火车站的钢琴，很多人都去演奏过，同时与钢琴有关的比赛也深受欢迎。由此可知大家喜欢这个创意。故选A。
11．What does the underlined word “vandalized” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？(　　)
A．Selected carefully. B．Checked regularly.
C．Reserved in advance. D．Destroyed on purpose.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段的第二句可知，迄今为止，这些仪器都没有遭到破坏，甚至只是损坏。相反“They are shared and respected by all”人们很爱惜钢琴，也不据为己有。通过前后的逻辑关系。可知钢琴没有被人破坏。故选D。
12．What would be the best title for the text？(　　)
A．Miss a train yet catch a tune
B．A soundscape in the memory
C．The role of piano in French life
D．An amazing train with a piano bar
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，你冲进拥挤的火车站，被袋子绊倒，咖啡飞出来，结果车门滑到你脸上，让你在站台上喘不过气来。由此可知，很多乘客总是很匆忙，会错过火车，以及后文，但是铁路公司通过在车站放置钢琴供演奏和倾听，能够缓解焦虑，很受大家欢迎。可知“误了火车但是能听到曲子”符合题意。故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Every day we use energy. We use it for cooking, for heating and for lighting our cities. The energy comes from many different 1.________ (source). It can come from the sun, wind and water, but the energy we depend on the most comes from deep inside the Earth. These include coal, oil, and natural gas.
These fuels come from the remains of plants and animals. It takes millions of years 2.________ (make) them. However, with the world's population 3.________ (grow), more and more of these fuels are dug up from the ground. Yet these fuels are non-renewable. When they 4.________ (use) up, they will be gone forever.
We need to have a strong sense of 5.________ (responsible) and it's high time we should think about 6.________ we can help save energy and preserve these fuels.
What about turning off anything 7.________ (electricity) we are not using That's a start! We can also recycle things such as newspapers, cans, bottles, and plastic—including plastic bags. Plastic bags start out as either oil 8.________ coal, and one big city can use millions of plastic bags in a year, When we use recycled things, it takes less energy 9.________ making something new.
Cars consume a lot of fuel, but there 10.________ (be) a variety of measures that car owners can take to preserve fuel. Try asking your family whether we can take a bus or walk instead of using the car.
【语篇解读】　本文一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类所依赖的燃料是不可再生的，人们应该采取措施节约能源，节约燃料。
1．答案：sources
解析：考查名词。能量来自许多不同的渠道。空前different是形容词，表示“不同的”，后接可数名词的复数形式，source是可数名词，复数形式为sources。
2．答案：to make
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：制造它们需要数百万年的时间。It takes some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费……时间”，It是形式主语，空处应用不定式作真正的主语。
3．答案：growing
解析：考查非谓语动词。然而，随着世界人口的增长，越来越多的燃料从地下被挖掘出来。分析句子，空处是非谓语动词，grow与逻辑主语the world's population之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。
4．答案：are used
解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当它们被用完时，它们将永远消失。when引导时间状语从句时，主句使用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表示将来，use与主语they之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是they，be动词应用are。
5．答案：responsibility
解析：考查名词。句意：我们需要有强烈的责任感，现在是我们思考如何帮助节约能源和保护这些燃料的时候了。a sense of responsibility为固定结构，表示“责任感”。
6．答案：how
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子，空处引导从句，作介词about的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用how引导从句。
7．答案：electrical
解析：考查形容词。句意：关掉我们不用的电器怎么样？空处作定语修饰anything，anything是不定代词，形容词作后置定语，electrical是形容词，表示“用电的”。故填electrical。
8．答案：or
解析：考查连词。句意：塑料袋或者从石油而来或者从煤炭而来，一个大城市一年可以使用数百万个塑料袋。either...or...为同定搭配，表示“或者……，或者……”，表示两者之一。
9．答案：than
解析：考查介词。句意：当我们使用回收的东西时，它比制造新的东西花费更少的能量。结合语境，空处表示“比”，应用介词than。
10．答案：are
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：汽车消耗大量燃料，但车主可以采取多种措施来保存燃料。根据句中consume使用原形形式可知，句子使用一般现在时，there be句型中，be动词要和它后面的主语保持一致，a variety of measures是复数，所以be动词应用are。
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