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课时作业(七)　UNIT 8 Section B　Lesson 1　Roots and Shoots　(分值：65分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Some people believe that having a high academic title at a famous university or a research ________ (研究院) means success.
答案：institute
2．On the Origin of Species (《物种起源》) laid the f________ for modern biology and changed how other scientists understood the appearance of life on Earth.
答案：foundation
3．I've been able to keep f________ friendships with them.
答案：firm
4．These plants grow from their ________ (根) all the way up out of the ground.
答案：roots
5．The Great Wall of China is series of walls made of stones, ________ (砖), and other materials.
答案：bricks
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．It was when you told me ________ I realized I had made a serious mistake.
答案：that
2．Ray was getting very bored and was bothered ________ the idea that he might lose his job.
答案：about
3．The best way is to be actively involved ________ the project.
答案：in
4．A man ________ (shoot) dead in the city centre last night.
答案：was shot
5．Don't leave the tap ________ (run) while you wash the vegetables.
答案：running
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
can't be bothered to (do sth.), take action, all around the world, make a difference, in addition to
1．Tourists come from ____________ to see Niagara Falls.
答案：all around the world
2．All this has happened because you ____________ give us the message.
答案：couldn't be bothered to
3．We can't just sit here and do nothing. We have to ____________！
答案：take action
4．Graduates, you can ____________ in this world! You can reshape the future!
答案：make a difference
5．____________ the rugged road, the bad weather added to our difficulties of climbing the mountain.
答案：In addition to
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．在国外生活了二十年后，这个教授回到了他的祖国。(现在分词作状语)
________________________________， the professor returned to his motherland.
答案：Having lived abroad for twenty years
2．在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。(现在分词作定语)
The boy ______________________________ is my younger brother.
答案：playing football in the playground
3．当她转过身来时，她发现有人在盯着她。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
When she turned around, ____________________________________．
答案：she found someone staring at her
4．由于沉浸在阅读中，我们都没有听到周围的声音。(过去分词作状语)
________________________， we all didn't hear the sound around us.
答案：Lost/Absorbed in reading
5．大部分被邀请参加派对的人都没有来。(过去分词作定语)
Most of the people ______________________________________ didn't come.
答案：invited to the party
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
In December 2010，Lauren Robinson walked into science class. “My throat started closing，”she remembers. “They called an ambulance (救护车)，and I had to go to the hospital.” It wasn't the first time that Lauren had to be rushed to the hospital. That's because Lauren，15，has a food allergy (过敏症).
Many people have food allergies. But Lauren's allergy is much worse than most. She can't eat food that contains milk. When she was younger，Lauren could stay safe by choosing food carefully. That changed in middle school. By eighth grade，Lauren couldn't be in the same room with dairy products (乳制品). That's what happened in Lauren's science classroom. Earlier that day，students had held a pizza party. Cheese particles (微粒) still hung in the air. Lauren never returned to school after that.
In 2011，Lauren got great news. She could go to school and stay safe by driving a robot to class. Lauren controls it from home over the Internet，using a computer. She uses the keyboard to drive the robot from class to class. A video camera on the robot lets Lauren see what is going on in school. A video screen on the robot lets students and teachers see her. It has microphones (话筒) so that everyone can talk to Lauren too.
At first，Lauren thought that using the robot was “a weird idea”. No one went to school like that. “I kept knocking into walls at first，” says Lauren，laughing. “I'd keep falling！”But she got used to it quickly. Using the robot feels natural now. Lauren even created a way to “raise her hand” using the robot's headlights. “I can turn them on and off until the teacher sees me，” she explains.
Lauren looks forward to going to college. She'd like to work in a medical job.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Lauren通过远程遥控机器人去学校上学。
1．Why was Lauren sent to the hospital in December 2010？(　　)
A．She accidentally drank some milk.
B．She carelessly touched some pizza.
C．She ate some dairy food.
D．She breathed in cheese particles.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“couldn't be in the same room with dairy products.”及“Cheese particles still hung in the air.”可知，那天在科学课上，Lauren因为吸入奶酪微粒而导致过敏症发作，被送进医院。
2．What do we know about Lauren's allergy？(　　)
A.Lauren's throat was totally damaged because of it.
B．It becomes better as Lauren gets older.
C．It often puts Lauren in a dangerous situation.
D.Lauren was born with it.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My throat started closing”以及第二段中的“But Lauren's allergy is much worse than most.”，“Lauren couldn't be in the same room with dairy products”和“Lauren never returned to school after that.”可知，Lauren的过敏症一旦发作就会产生可怕的后果。
3．The underlined word “weird” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．(　　)
A．strange B．clever
C．wrong D．big
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“No one went to school like that.”可知，一开始，Lauren觉得用机器人代替自己去上学很奇怪，因为没人会那样做。
4．According to the text，the robot ________．(　　)
A．was easy to control at first
B．becomes friends with Lauren
C．can communicate with others all by itself
D．makes Lauren feel like she's really in school
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“A video camera...talk to Lauren too.”以及第四段的“created a way...she explains.”可知，用机器人代替Lauren去学校上学跟她自己去没什么两样。
B
If you go into the woods with your friends, stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost. If you do get lost, this is what you should do.
Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends—let them find you. You can help them to find you by staying in one place.
There is another way to help your friends or other people nearby to find you. Give them a signal by shouting or whistling (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help. You will be helped by others.
Keep up the shouting or whistling, always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gunshots. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.
If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house and cover up the holes with branches with lots of leaves and grass. What should you do if you get hungry or need to drink some water You should have to leave your little branch house to look for a brook. Don't just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.
The most important thing to do when you are lost is—stay in one place.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是在森林里迷路时应该怎么办。如果和朋友们一起进入森林的话，最好和他们待在一起。如果迷路的话，最好待在原地等待救援。
5．How do you let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun？(　　)
A．Stop now and then.
B．Go on shouting or whistling.
C．Shout over and over at the top of voice.
D．Shout or whistle three times once a while.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Give them a signal by...three times is a call for help.”可知，每过一会儿就喊叫三声或吹三下口哨是求救的信号，故选D。
6．If nobody answers you after your signal, what should you do then？(　　)
A．Give two gunshots.
B．Shout louder.
C．Stop shouting.
D．Make a house.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house...”可知，如果没有人回应你的求救信号，这时应该给自己布置一个过夜的房子，故选D项。
7．If you feel thirsty when you are lost in the forest, what should you do？(　　)
A．Go and find a brook.
B．Light a fire and make yourself some tea.
C.Go to find a brook and leave marks behind you.
D．Find something to hold the water.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“...leave your little branch house to look for a brook...Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.”可知，当口渴时，你需要去找一条小溪，但是记得在路上做标记，故选C。
8．What's the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．What Do Three Shots and Two Shots Mean in a Forest
B．How to Find Your Friends When You Are Lost in the Woods
C．What to Do If You Get Lost in a Forest
D．The Most Important Thing to Do Is to Stay in One Place
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you do get lost, this is what you should do.”和最后一段“The most important thing to do when you are lost is—stay in one place.”可知，文章主要讲的是在森林里迷路时应该怎么办，故选C。
Ⅵ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Heroes come in different shapes and sites. Some are born to give others a __1__. Then there are the people who just happen to be in the right place at the right time. That was the __2__ for John Underwood.
On a cold evening, a storm __3__ near his home. Underwood was heading over to help his sister when the roads were __4__. He saw some other drivers get stuck, so he got out of his truck to help. “My belief is that if I have the ability to do good, then I should do it. There should be no __5__.” he said.
Underwood wasn't out of his __6__ long before he heard a cry, “Someone was screaming, ‘My parents, my parents！’” Moments later, a 12 year old boy ran up to Underwood, saying his parents were __7__ and asked for help.
The Hammonds went to get things from the basement when the walls __8__ to bear the weight of rain and fell down, and they couldn't __9__. Worse still, the water was rising fast. __10__ was of extreme significance, so Underwood took action at once. Any inappropriate action could add more dangers. Luckily, Underwood had __11__ as a contractor (承包商). “Digging a hole in the living room floor, I knew it's a __12__ way.”he said.
With physical strength, patience, and a lot of __13__， Underwood saved their lives. He said he did what anyone would do, but that's not necessarily true. It's hard to put yourself in a dangerous way to rescue another. That's why the American Red Cross __14__ him. Ann Otto, who was in charge of the 23rd Annual Acts of Courage Awards, said the Awards should go to heroes like Underwood who have acted __15__ and selflessly in a time of emergency.
　　　　
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了John Underwood在一次暴风雨中，沉着勇敢地帮助了他人的故事，并被美国红十字会授予了荣誉。
1．(　　)A.lesson B．direction
C．hope D．hand
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.lesson课程；B.direction指导；C.hope希望；D.hand手。句意：有些人生来就是帮助别人的。固定短语give sb. a hand“帮助某人”。故选D项。
2．(　　)A.role B．concern
C．case D．behavior
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。A.role角色；B.concern关心；C.case事件，情况；D.behavior行为。 句意：这就是约翰·安德伍德的情况。此处指上文中“对的时间出现在对的地方”，而约翰就是这样的情况(case)。故选C项。
3．(　　)A.broke B．disappeared
C．returned D．changed
答案：A
解析：考查动词辨析。A.broke(天气)突变；B.disappeared消失；C.returned归还；D.changed改变。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，他家附近突然下起了一场暴风雨。break可指好的天气突然变化。故选A项。
4．(　　)A.cleared B．completed
C．repaired D．flooded
答案：D
解析：考查动词辨析。A.cleared清理；B.completed完成；C.repaired修理；D.flooded淹没。由上文暴风雨可知，道路应是被雨水淹没(flooded)。故选D项。
5．(　　)A.arrangement B．wonder
C．excuse D．problem
答案：C
解析：考查名词辨析。A.arrangement安排；B.wonder好奇；C.excuse借口；D.problem问题。句意：没有任何借口。此处指上文中尽力帮助别人是没有任何理由和借口的。故选C项。
6．(　　)A.power B．sense
C．house D．vehicle
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.power力量；B.sense感觉；C.house房子；D.vehicle车辆。上文提到约翰开出了自己的truck，此处是指他下车(vehicle)。故选D项。
7．(　　)A.ignored B．trapped
C．injured D．missed
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。A.ignored忽视；B.trapped困住；C.injured受伤；D.missed错过。由下文男孩寻求约翰的帮助(ask for help)可知，小男孩的父母是被困住(trapped)了。故选B项。
8．(　　)A.managed B．failed
C．tried D．struggled
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。A.managed管理；B.failed失败；C.tried尝试；D.struggled挣扎。句意：哈蒙德一家到地下室去取东西，突然墙无法承受大雨的冲刷，墙倒了。fail to do sth.“没能做到；失败”。故选B项。
9．(　　)A.speak B．reunite
C．escape D．survive
答案：C
解析：考查动词辨析。A.speak说；B.reunite重聚；C.escape逃走；D.survive生存。由上文可知墙倒塌的时候，他们还在地下室，因此他们没能逃走(escape)。故选C项。
10．(　　)A.Time B．Relief
C．Success D．Action
答案：A
解析：考查名词辨析。A.Time时间；B.Relief减轻；C.Success成功；D.Action行为。由下文可知Underwood立刻采取了行动，说明时间(time)至关重要。故选A项。
11．(　　)A.attitude B．potential
C．confidence D．experience
答案：D
解析：考查名词辨析。A.attitude态度；B.potential潜在的；C.confidence自信；D.experience经验。句意：幸运的是，安德伍德有做过承包商的经验。由下文可知他对房屋结构非常清楚，很有经验。故选D项。
12．(　　)A.difficult B．safe
C．creative D．quick
答案：B
解析：考查形容词辨析。A.difficult困难的；B.safe安全的；C.creative有创造性的；D.quick快的。由上文可知他们的处境危险，此刻安德伍德知道这条安全的(safe)道路。故选B项。
13．(　　)A.bravery B．encouragement
C．anxiety D．responsibility
答案：A
解析：考查名词辨析。A.bravery勇敢；B.encouragement鼓励；C.anxiety焦急；D.responsibility责任。句意：凭借体力、耐心和极大的勇气，安德伍德挽救了他们的生命。情况紧急，安德伍德凭借自己的勇敢，找到了出路。故选A项。
14．(　　)A.invited B．honored
C．interviewed D．helped
答案：B
解析：考查动词辨析。A.invited邀请；B.honored荣誉；C.interviewed采访；D.helped帮助。句意：这就是为什么美国红十字会授予他荣誉的原因。故选B项。
15．(　　)A.fortunately B．immediately
C．actively D．courageously
答案：D
解析：考查副词辨析。A.fortunately幸运地；B.immediately立即地；C.actively活跃地；D.courageously勇敢地。此处对应上文中“凭借体力、耐心和极大的勇气(bravery)”，指“表现得勇敢(courageously)和无私”。故选D项。
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