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新概念英语第一册109-120课知识点归纳
109-110课 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1）只有同类事物才可以比较：
It is hotter in Wuhan than in Shanghai in summer.
The students of class A study harder than those of class B.
2）形容词最高级前一定要加“the”：
This book is the best novel I’ve ever read. Who is the tallest student in your class
3）形容词和副词最高级的比较范围要注意恰当使用介词，表示“同类的范围”用介词“of”；表示“整体的范围”用介词“in”：
China is the largest country in Asia. Of all the boys, he did his homework most quickly.
111-112课 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1）较高级比较：比较结果是A比B强：
The policeman is taller than that one. That is the shortest dress in the shop.
2）较低级比较：比较结果是A不如B：
This television is less expensive than that one. That is the least expensive television in the shop.
3）同级比较：比较结果是A与B相同：
Ruby is as old as his boss. The blue car is not as clean as the red one.
113-114课 So, neither引导的简短回答
以so或neither开头的简短回答，必须用倒装形式：即So/Neither+助动词+主语。假如前一句是肯定的，后一句就用so开头；如前一句是否定的，后一句则用neither/nor开头。前后两句的时态要一致：
I’m hungry. So am I. I want some coffee. So do I.
I’m not tired. Neither am I. I don’t want any tea. Nor do I.
115-116课 不定代词
Every, no, any, some与one, body, thing构成的不定代词以及与where构成的复合副词。
every no any some
everyone no one anyone someone
everybody nobody anybody somebody
everything nothing anything something
everywhere nowhere anywhere somewhere
1）不定代词作主语：不定代词作主语都被看作单数，因此谓语动词用单数：
Everybody is here. Nobody has come to help me.
2）不定代词作宾语：I have nothing to share with you.
3）不定代词作表语：There is nothing on the shelf.
117-118课 过去进行时
1）过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作，其形式为was/were+ V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如last night, last Saturday等；或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用：
We were watching TV from seven to ten last night.
What was he researching all day last Monday
2）过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示：
What was she doing at eight o’clock yesterday
When I saw her, she was decorating her room.
3）在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时：
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
119-120课 过去完成时
过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经发生的动作或情况，即：过去的过去。构成形式是：had+动词过去分词。
1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作，表示对这一过去时间造成的结果或影响。常用以下几种方式：
①用by, before等构成的介词短信：
John had repaired that machine before midnight.
Mike had learnt ten English songs by the end of last month.
②用when, before, after等引导的时间状态从句：
The train had started before we got to the station.
The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.
2）过去完成时还可以表示过去某一时间以前发生开始的动作持续到这一过去的时间。常与for, since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用：
I had worked in a hospital for three years before I came here.
He told us that he had worked here since ten years before.

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