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(共33张PPT)
新人教选择性必修Book 1
Discovering Useful structures
P5
Unit 1 People of Achievement
review the usage of relatives
distinguish restrictive attribute clauses and non-restrictive clauses
corretly use the relatives in context
01
02
03
Learning objectives
At the end of the class, students will be able to:
Zhong Nanshan
Tu Youyou
Lead in
Tu Youyou is a scientist who contributed to a new treatment for malaria.
Zhong Nanshan, who managed the SARS outbreak,
played a crucial role in controlling outbreaks and pandemics.
Alexander Fleming
Albert Einstein
Lead in
Alexander Fleming is a biochemist who discovered penicilin.
Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.
Leoh Ming Pei
贝聿铭
Lead in
J.K. Rowling is a world-famous author, who wrote the Harry Potter series.
Leoh Ming Pei, who was born in Guangzhou,China, is a famous Chinese-American architect.
Read and identify
1.Tu Youyou is a scientist who contributed to a new treatment for malaria.
2. Zhong Nanshan, who managed the SARS outbreak,
played a critical role in controlling outbreaks and pandemics.
3.Alexander Fleming is a biochemist who discovered penicilin.
4.Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.
5.J.K. Rowling is a world-famous author, who wrote the Harry Potter series.
6.Leoh Ming Pei, who was born in Guangzhou,China, is a famous Chinese-American architect.
Read and idenfity
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词关系紧密，修饰限定先行词，不可或缺 从句对先行词或整个句子起补充说明、解释，评论等作用
只能修饰先行词，不修饰整个主句 即可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句
可用关系代词和关系副词 可用关系代词和关系副词，不能用that引导从句
从句前一般不用逗号隔开 从句和先行词或主句之间一般用逗号隔开
Read and idenfity
Leoh Ming Pei, who was born in Guangzhou,China, is a famous Chinese-American architect.
先行词：被修饰的名词/代词
关系代词
(1) This is the photo_____________ I took.
(2) This is the pen ______________ he bought yesterday.
(3) She is the woman _______________ I know.
(4) This is the book _____________ you asked for.
(5) That’s the reason _______ he is leaving so early.
(6) The shed in our garden, _________ my father built many years ago, has lasted
for a long time.
(7) She married Joe, ________ surprised everyone.
(8) The river, ________ is now clean enough to swim in, was polluted several years
ago.
(9) The author of the book, ________ I met at a party last week, proved to be a
well-known journalist.
(which/that)
(which/that)
(who/whom/that)
(that/which)
why
which
which
which
whom
引导词对比小结：
1)关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句；
2)非限制性定语从句的关系代词在任何情况下都不可省略；
3)关系副词why不引导非限制性定语从句。
Fill & Compare
Review relatives
as和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子的内容，
区别：as引导的从句既可以位于句前，也可以位于句后，主句没有前后逻辑关系，常表示“正如……”；
which引导的定语从句只能放在主句后，主从句常有一定的因果关系或前后顺序，常表示“这一点……”。例：
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
非限制性定从中关系代词as 和which 的区别
As everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold.
= All that glitters, as everyone knows, is not gold.
= All that glitters is not gold, as everyone knows.
众所周知，并非所有发光的东西都是金子。
_____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When
C. What D. As
【即学即练】
√
Choose the words in the box to complete the sentences.(p.62)
who whom which whose when where in/of/for which of whom
1. Some people always talk loudly in public, ________ is really annoying.
2. Professor Lu, ________ you spoke to, specialises in constitutional law.
3. Please come back at four o’clock, _______ your herbal medicine will be ready.
4. What do you want to write about these people, ________ stories I have just
told you
5. Have you been tothe Louvre Museum, ________ you can see the Mona Lisa
on display
6. There are 45 students in our class, out ________ only 10 are taking an
optional art course.
7. Her mother works in a company, _______________ employees are all women.
8. It is vital to learn to use these software programmes, both ________ can help
you with collection and evaluation.
which
whom
when
whose
where
of whom
in which/where
of which
Practice
(1) Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
(2) They rely on themselves, which is much better.
(3) My sister who works in Shanghai sends me an email almost every
day.
(4) He is the man whose car was stolen.
Charles Smith 去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
他们依靠自己，这样好的多。
我在上海工作的姐姐几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。
他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
翻译对比小结：
1)非限制性定语从句通常译成主句的并列句；
2)限制性定语从句译成先行词的定语：“……的”。
Translate & Compare
1. Please write down these phrases, all of them will be useful in your writing.
2. As a consequence of sending in his application late, he did not get a patent for his invention, that was not surprising at all.
3. The researcher are evaluating thousands of plants, which have distinct medical properties.
Decide whether the sentences are right or wrong. Correct them.
Practice
which
which
√
4. The gentle old man is the only person, whom I can trust.
5. Have you done all what you can to help the people in need.
6. Is this the botanical institute where you visited last week.
Decide whether the sentences are right or wrong. Correct them.
Practice
that
that
that/which
定语从句中只能用that的情况：
1. 先行词是不定代词
e.g.He told me everything that he knew.
2. 先行词被序数词修饰
e.g.This is the first book that I bought with my own money.
3. 先行词被最高级修饰
e.g. This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
4. 先行词被 the only/verythe same, the right, the last 等表示“唯一”、“恰恰是”、“正是 等修饰
e.g.This is the very book that I've been looking for.
5. 先行词既有人又有物
e.g.We talked about the people and things that we remembered from our trip.
6. 主句是 who/which 疑问句
Which is the car that won the race
Read the passage, and then fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or adverbs.
Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was widely considered to be the founder and forerunner of modern China. He was only in power for a short time, when he was president of the country in 1912. So it may seem odd to some people ___________knowledge of China may be limited that he is such an important figure. However, his influence is not based on his time in office, but on his continuous struggle for a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. He also put forward many advanced ideas _______ brought the Chinese people together, in particular, the Three Principles of the People. These principles were inspired by Lincoln, ____________ he admired,
whose
which/that
who/whom
Read the passage, and then fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or adverbs.
and were developed when he was travelling overseas, _______ he went to find support for his country. The first principle is about nationalism, _______ indicates that China should never be divided and should not be under any foreign control. The second is about people’s rights. It means that all people have great value and should also have the same rights. The third is about people’s livelihood, _______ means that the government should create opportunities for people to make a good living.
where
which
which
1. What type of writing is this passage
A biography.
2. What remarkable achievement does the passage tell about Sun Yat-
sen
He was the founder and forerunner of modern China and put
forward the Three Principles of the People.
①
②
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Example: The book tells us about Alexander Fleming. He discovered pennicillin.
The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered pennicillin.
1. We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there.
3. There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
We were very impressed by the old man, who was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
Rewrite the sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses. (p.5)
Practice
4. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling. It inspired us a lot.
5. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei --- a famous Chinese-American architect. He was born in Guangzhou, China.
6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart. It was a big challenge for me.
The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling, which inspired us a lot.
The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei --- a famous Chinese-American architect, who was born in Guangzhou, China.
I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart, which was a big challenge for me.
Choose a great person and write a few sentences about him or her.(p.62)
Transfer
1.Song Qingling, who was Dr Sun Yat-sen’s wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history, devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children.
2. Huang Wenxiu, who was a village official, worked on the frontlines of the fight against poverty to help villagers to increase their incomes. She died at the age of 30 in an accident.
3. Norman Bethune, who came to China in World War II, worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people.
4.Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature. Lu Xun Literature Prize, which is one of China’s top four literary prizes, is awarded every three years.
5.Joan of Arc, who was a girl dressed as a man, went to fight for her country. She helped drive the English invaders out of France.
Summary
【即学即用】优化p.15
单句语法填空
①The girl,_________________ I often say hello to,is helping me with my English.
②_________________ we had expected,the new plan worked out very well.
③The old man came to an island,________________ he met the famous scientist.
whom
As
where
Exercises
④He will come back in July,_________________ we will have a good talk.
⑤The farmer was working in the field, _________________ son was playing beside him.
⑥The man,_________________ was born in a small village,has become famous now.
when
whose
who
句型转换
⑦My brother rides a new bike and it was bought last month.
My brother rides a new bike,_________ _______ __________
________ ________.
which was bought
last month
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
⑧They thanked Tom,_________________ whose support they would not have succeeded.
⑨These new neighbours,__________ whom I was introduced yesterday,were friendly.
without
to
句型转换
The old professor has two children,and both of them are hard-working.
The old professor has two children, _______ _____ ________ _______ ______________.
The girls are cleaning the windows,and most of them are very dirty.
The girls are cleaning the windows, ______ ______ ________ _______ _______ _______.
both of whom
are hard-working
most of which
are very dirty
【即学即用】优化p.16
单句语法填空
①He made a big mistake,______________ led to him losing his job.
②We will put off the picnic until next week,______________ the weather may be better.
③The river,______________ flows through London,is called the Thames.
which
when
which
完成句子
④正如我们都预料的那样,他被一所重点大学录取了。
_______ _______ ______ _______ __________, he was admitted into a key university.
⑤这部电影很受欢迎,是一个年轻人导演的。
The film,_______ _______ ________ _________, was directed by a young man.
As we all had expected
which was very popular
单句语法填空
1.It is wrong of you to stand up _________________your teacher in public.
答案:to
2.Some of the roads were flooded,_________________ made our journey more difficult.
答案:which
3. _________________ is often the case,we have worked out the difficult problem.
答案:As
【随堂练习】优化p.16
4.I walked in our garden,_________________ Jim was sitting beside some flowers.
答案:where
5.I'll never forget the day _________________we met each other last week.
答案:when
6.Mr White is going to Beijing in October,______________ is the best month there.
答案:which
7.I have many good friends,most of _________________are studying very hard.
答案:whom

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