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UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境 人与自然　自然灾害
背多分1　单元词汇　三维速记
主题大观念 | 从历史的角度了解国内外发生过的一些重大自然灾害,从多角度积极思考,学习和了解相应举措,减轻灾害造成的物质损失和心理创伤。
语言大观念 | 围绕自然灾害,整合相关词汇和表达,进行自然灾害口头新闻报道,完成新闻报道的摘要写作任务。
主题情境语块 核心词词形变化
natural disasters 自然灾害 　
①earthquake n.地震 ②magnitude n. (地)震级;重大 ③tornado n.龙卷风;旋风 ④typhoon n.台风 ⑤hurricane n.飓风 ⑥drought n.旱灾;久旱 ⑦tsunami n.海啸 ⑧flood n.洪水 ⑨landslide/landfall n.崩塌;滑坡 ⑩snowslide n.雪崩 volcanic eruption火山喷发 wildlife n.野火 helicopter n.直升机 1.disaster n.灾难;灾害→disastrous adj.极糟糕的;灾难性的;完全失败的 2.flood n.洪水;大量　vi.淹没;大量涌入　vt.使灌满水;淹没;挤满　vt. & vi. 使大受感动;充满;照进→flooded adj.洪水泛滥的;有大量……的→flooding n.水灾;洪水泛滥 3.destroy vt.摧毁;毁灭→destruction n.毁坏;毁灭→destructive adj.破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroyed/destroyed (过去式/过去分词) 4.damage vt.损害;破坏n.损坏;损失→damaging adj.造成破坏的;有害的→damaged adj.被损坏的 5.death n.死;死亡→die vi.死;死亡→dead adj.死的;不运行的→deadly adj.致命的;极度的adv.极其;非常→dying adj.垂死的;临终的 6.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.喜爱;钟爱→unaffected adj.未被改变的;未受影响的 7.slide vi. & vt. (使)滑行;滑动;(使)快捷而悄声地移动→slid/slid/sliding (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 8.volcano n.火山→volcano(e)s (pl.)→volcanic adj.火山的;火山引起的
disaster and hope 灾难和希望 　
warning signs预警信号 ①crack n.裂纹;裂缝　vi. & vt. (使)破裂 ②gas n.气体;燃气;汽油 during an earthquake地震期间 ③brick n.砖(块) ④metal n.金属 ⑤as if似乎;好像;仿佛 ⑥in shock震惊;吃惊 ⑦in ruins严重受损;破败不堪 ⑧fall down倒塌 ⑨blow away吹走;刮走 ⑩cut across穿过;贯穿;抄近路 come to an end结束 rescue & rebuild营救与重建 tireless efforts不懈的努力 rescue workers救援人员 medical staff医务人员 show wisdom表现智慧 dig out the trapped挖出受困者 build shelters for survivors为幸存者建避难处 get back up on one’s feet重新站起来 9.ruin n. & vt.破坏;毁坏　vt.毁灭　n.毁灭;破产→ruins n. (pl.)废墟→ruined adj.毁坏的,严重受损的 10.shock n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克　vt. (使)震惊→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shockingly adv.惊人地;非常地;极坏地 11.breathe vi. & vt.呼吸　vt.低声说→breath n.呼吸的空气→breathing n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 12.trap vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套　卡住;夹住;收集;吸收n.险境;陷阱→trapped adj.受困的 13.bury vt.埋葬;安葬;遮盖;掩盖;掩藏(感情、错误等)→burial n.埋葬;葬礼 14.revive vt. & vi.复活;(使)苏醒→revival n.振兴;复苏 15.effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力→effortless adj.不需费力的;容易的→effortlessly adv.轻松地;毫不费劲地 16.wisdom n.智慧;才智→wise adj.充满智慧的;明智的→unwise adj.愚蠢的;不明智的;轻率的→wisely adv.明智地 17.suffer vt.遭受;蒙受　vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦;变差→suffering n.痛苦;苦难→sufferer n.患病者;受苦者;受难者 18.context n.上下文;语境;背景→contextual adj.上下文的;与语境相关的 19.electricity n.电;电能　强烈的感情;激动→electric adj.电的;用电的;令人激动的 20.rescue n. & vt.营救;救援→rescuer n.救助者 21.shelter n.避难处;居所;庇护　vt.保护;掩蔽　vi.躲避(风雨或危险)→sheltered adj.有遮蔽物的;受庇护的;受到保护的
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范 　
emergency supplies应急物资 ①whistle n.哨子 ②flashlight n.手电筒 ③on hand现有 ④first aid kit急救箱 safety guidelines安全指南 ⑤stay calm保持镇静 ⑥tap on the pipe敲管道 ⑦stay away from power line远离电线 ⑧call an emergency number打急救电话 ⑨whistle for help吹口哨求救 ⑩in the open air在户外 22.erupt vi. & vt. (火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出;突然发出(尤指叫喊)→eruption n.爆发;喷发 23.survive vi.生存;存活　vt.幸存;艰难度过;比……活(或存在)的时间长→survivor n.幸存者;生还者→survival n.幸存;生还→surviving adj.幸存的;残存的;健在的 24.power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力　vt.驱动,推动→powerful adj.强大的;强有力的;有权势的;有影响力的→powerless adj.无力的;没有能力的;无权力的→powered adj.由……驱动的;电动的 25.calm adj.镇静的;沉着的;平静的vt.使平静;使镇静→calmly adv.镇静地;平静地→calmness n.镇静 26.aid n.援助;帮助;救援物资vi. & vt.帮助;援助→unaided adj.无外援的;独立的 27.whistle vi.吹口哨;发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声);呼啸声→whistling n.吹口哨
Tsunami: killer wave 海啸: 巨大海浪 　
①wave n.海浪;波浪vi. & vt.挥手;招手 ②crash vt. & vi.碰撞;撞击n.撞车;碰撞 ③supply n.供应(量);补给;(pl.)补给品vt.供应;供给 ④crash into冲击 ⑤sweep away消灭;彻底消除 ⑥the number of……的数量 ⑦stand at达到特定水平/数量/高度 ⑧run to safety逃到安全的地方 ⑨deliver food and emergency supplies运送食物和救援物资 28.deliver vt. & vi.递送;传达　vt.发表;助产;接生→delivery n.递送;传达 演讲方式;表演风格 29.strike vi. & vt.侵袭;突击;击打;报时;擦火柴vt.给(某人以)印象,突然想到vi.罢工n.罢工;罢课;袭击→striking adj.引人注目的;显著的→stricken adj.受灾的;遭受……的→struck/struck (过去式/过去分词) 30.effect n.影响;结果;效果→effective adj.有效的;生效的→ineffective adj.无效的→effectiveness n.有效性 31.sweep vt. & vi.打扫;清扫;冲走;(风、雨、雪、火等)席卷vi.突然袭来　n.绵延弯曲的地带→swept/swept (过去式/过去分词)→sweeping adj.大范围的;彻底的 32.length n.长;长度→long adj.长的→lengthen vt. & vi. (使)变长;(使)延长→lengthy adj.漫长的;冗长的 33.summary n.总结;概括;概要→summarise/-ize vt. & vi.总结;概括
36篇美文助记新课标3 000词汇 　
For people loving the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people affected by the super typhoon that struck East China in July 2016, that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the powerful typhoon killed 161 people, left 61 missing, and forced the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people. The people suffering losses were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the lengthy months which have passed since then, efforts have been made to make things better and aid the thousands of people whose homes were in ruins, but the sadness will never leave those survivors whose summer now marks the death of a loved one.
背多分2　单元重点　语境背记
flood n. ①洪水　②大量　vi. ③淹没;大量涌入　vt. ④使灌满水;淹没;挤满　vt. & vi. 使大受感动;充满;照进
1)a flood of ...一大批…… in floods of tears泪如雨下 2)flood in/into/out of大量涌入/蜂拥而出 “情感”名词+flood over sb.某人非常/深感…… flood back涌上心头 3)be flooded with充满,挤满…… ①Sweet memories came ________ (flood) back and Jane was in floods of tears.甜蜜的回忆涌上心头,简哭得像个泪人似的。(续写情感描写) ②A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father.我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。(续写情感描写) ③She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in.她拉开窗帘,阳光洒了进来。(续写写景)
bury vt. ①埋葬;安葬　②遮盖;掩盖　③掩藏(感情、错误等)
bury ... in ...把……埋到/插入……里;使……沉浸于…… bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 (doing) sth.埋头于/专心于
(做)某事 ①Since she graduated, my mother has buried herself in teaching, winning high praise.我母亲自毕业以来,全心扑在教学上,获得了高度赞扬。(人物介绍) ②Father paced in, his hands ________ (bury) in his pockets.父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事 put effort into付出努力 worth the effort值得付出努力 2)with (an) effort费劲地 without effort轻松地 in an effort to do sth.为了做某事 ①Last Sunday, our school organised a friendly football match between students and teachers, in an effort to enrich our school life.上周日,为丰富我们的校园生活,我校组织了一场师生足球友谊赛。(报道) ②Let’s start now and spare no effort ________ (do) a little bit every minute!让我们从现在开始,每分钟不遗余力地做好点滴!(倡议书) ③________ effort, she managed to stop herself laughing.她好不容易才忍住了笑。(续写神态描写)
survive vi. ①生存;存活　vt. ②幸存　③艰难度过　④比……活(或存在)的时间长
1)survive on靠……生存;靠……维持生活 survive sth.幸免于某事;从某事中挺过来,活过来 survive sb.by+时间段　比某人多活…… 2)survive from ... as ...从……作为……留存下来 ①The ancient building survived ________ the Tang Dynasty as a museum. 这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今被用作了博物馆。(短文) ②Life isn’t about how to survive storms, but how to dance in the rain.生活不在于如何挺过暴雨,而在于如何在风雨中起舞。(续写主旨升华)
power n. 电力供应;能量;力量;控制力　vt. 驱动;推动
1)the power to do sth.做某事的能力/权力 come to/into power掌权;上台 in power当权;执政 beyond one’s power某人力所不能及的 do all/everything in one’s power to do sth.竭尽全力做某事 be in/within one’s power to do sth.某人有权力/有能力做某事 2)be powered by ...由……提供动力;由……供电 ①If you have any problems, I’ll do everything ________ my power to help you.如果你有什么问题,我会尽我所能帮助你。(建议信) ②The present situation is only temporary, and it is ________ your power to deal with it.目前这个状况只是暂时的,你有能力解决它。(建议信) ③Gently rubbing the little dog’s ears, Mary got amazed at his power to read her thoughts.玛丽轻揉着小狗的耳朵,很惊讶小狗能揣摩自己的想法。(续写动作+情感描写)
strike vi.& vt. ①侵袭;突击　②击打　③报时　④擦火柴　vt. ⑤给(某人以)印象　⑥突然想到　vi. ⑦罢工　n. ⑧罢工;罢课　⑨袭击
1)be struck by/with ...被……击中;被……打动 It strikes sb. that ...某人突然想起…… strike ... into one’s heart使某人对……刻骨铭心 strike sb. as (being) ...给某人的印象是…… 2)be/go on strike在/举行罢工 ①________ (strike) by your talent for music, I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival.被你的音乐天赋所打动,我迫不及待地邀请你参加音乐节。(邀请信) ②Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart; as a result, ________ strikes me that I will visit it again.泰山的美让我刻骨铭心,所以我想我会再次游览泰山。(游记)
effect n. 影响;结果;效果　influence, impact
have an effect on ...对……有影响 come into effect/take effect生效;起作用 bring/put ... into effect使……生效 be of no effect无效果的 in effect实际上;事实上;有效 side effect副作用 cause and effect因果 ①Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect ________ Chinese culture.李白创作了大量优秀的诗歌,对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍短文) ②Hopefully, my suggestions will soon be put ________ effect to address these problems.为解决这些问题,希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信)

Everywhere ①________ (survive) looked, there was nothing ②________ ruins. Nearly everything in the city ③________ (destroy). About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals ④________ (be) gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn ⑤________ (leaf), but no wind could blow them ⑥________. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe ⑦________ (cross).
　教材优美片段再练背
短语1come to an end 结束　be at an end, come to a close
1)in the end最后;终于 at the end of ...在……尽头/末端 on end连续地;直立着 make ends meet使收支相抵 put an end to ...结束…… 2)end up with ...以……结束 end up as ...最终成为…… end up doing sth.最终做某事 end in ...以……告终 ①As his performance came to an end, the audience burst into applause.当他的表演结束时,观众爆发出掌声。 ②He ended up ________(teach) English, which came as a shock to us.他最后当老师教英语,这着实让我们大吃一惊。 ③Looking back, I would have ended ________ nowhere if I had lost patience and given up halfway. It’s patience that makes a great difference in the end.回想起来,如果我失去耐心,半途而废,我终将一事无成。耐心最终会有很大的不同。(续写主旨升华)
短语2on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
at hand在手边;即将到来 by hand手工 (at) first hand亲自 hand in hand手拉手 go hand in hand密切相关 on the one hand; on the other hand一方面;另一方面 give/lend a helping hand伸出援助之手 try one’s hands at着手尝试 lay/get one’s hands on sth.找到/得到某物 fall into sb.’s hands受制于某人 ①On the one hand, online learning improves the learning efficiency; on the other hand, it also brings about some new problems.一方面,网络学习提高了学习效率;另一方面,它也引起了一些新的问题。(发言稿) ②He gave her a reassuring pat on the shoulder, smiling,“I am always ________ hand to help.”他轻拍了一下她的肩膀让她放心,微笑着说:“我会随时提供帮助。” ③Her willingness to lend a hand eased the burden that had settled over me.她愿意伸出援手,这减轻了我身上的重担。
句式1主语+be+形容词+不定式
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难得到。
句型:主语+be+形容词+不定式。 特点:不定式的主动形式表被动。 条件:不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 常用的形容词有difficult、hard、easy、comfortable、 pleasant、interesting、exciting等。 ※注意:在该结构中,若不定式为不及物动词,其后应加相应的介词。 ①I prefer to live in the countryside where the air is fresh ________ (breathe).我更喜欢住在乡下,那里的空气很新鲜。(短文) ②Gazing at the once maze-like building, Eva found that it was no longer challenging to deal with again.伊娃凝视着这座曾经像迷宫一样的大楼,发现它不再具有挑战性了。(2024·浙江高考1月续写) ③The garden was so fantastic to admire that he was lost in it, not noticing it had got dark.花园景色迷人,他流连忘返,不知不觉天已经黑了。(续写环境描写)
句式2be doing sth. when ... 正在做某事这时(突然)……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭,突然水开始涌入家中。
1)句中when用作并列连词,表“这时突然”。 2)其他结构相似的句式还有: 主语+ was/were about to do/on the point of doing ... when ...正要做……这时…… 主语+had just done ... when ...刚刚做了……,突然…… ①Chet ________ (wipe) down the counter when the front door banged open.切特正在擦拭柜台,突然前门被撞开了。(续写场景描写) ②He was about to answer when the color suddenly drained from his face—he leapt to his feet and dashed to the window.他正要回答,突然脸色刷地变白了——他一跃而起,奔向窗口。 ③He had just risen to his feet when the door slid open.他刚起身,门开了。
句式3as if/though 引导的从句
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临!
1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的,从句谓语用陈述语气。 2)如果从句表示的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的,从句谓语用虚拟语气。 与现在事实相反:did/were 与过去事实相反:had done 与将来事实相反:would/could ...+do 3)如果as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句主语和be动词。 ①He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.他伸展四肢,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。(续写动作+情感描写) ②I felt as if my whole body had been weighed down by tons of bricks.我觉得好像全身都被数吨砖压弯了。(续写夸张修辞) ③The dolphin emitted delighted squeals that echoed through the ocean, as if ________ (thank) her for granting it the gift of freedom once again.海豚发出欢快的尖叫声,在海洋中回荡,仿佛在感谢她再次给予它自由。(续写情景交融)
背多分3　续写素材　场景练背
——情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二)
吓呆 ①root sb. to the spot/ground/rooted to the spot/ground呆立不动; ②freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror吓呆; ③stand/sit frozen with fear站/坐着吓傻了 发抖、
发软、
发僵 ①shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖;胆战心惊;②(knees) knock in fright (双膝)吓得直打颤; ③knees feel weak双膝发软; ④one’s body be rigid/stiff with fear吓得浑身发僵; ⑤feel like/turn to jelly开始发软
冒汗 ①sweat with fear吓得直冒汗; ②(palms) sweat (手心)冒汗 毛骨 悚然 ①send a chill down/up sb.’s spine令某人脊背发凉,令某人毛骨悚然; ②a chill deep down in one’s bones毛骨悚然
蜷缩、 跳、呼吸 ①shrink退缩;畏缩; ②cower蜷缩; ③jump猛地一跳; ④make sb. jump吓某人一跳; ⑤give a gasp of horror吓得倒吸一口气
用表“恐惧、惊恐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景9　主题“险境求生”——遭遇飓风时的“恐惧、惊恐”
It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself. It all happened so quickly. I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. ①_________________________________________________________ (我吓呆了). Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then. The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. Our street turned into a river in seconds. We were going nowhere.
微场景10　主题“挑战自我”——学会游泳前的“恐惧、惊恐”
I was always afraid of water. This fear could not be explained, but the moment I stepped near any body of water, ②________________________________________ (我会两腿发软). I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around helplessly. But my school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, which ③________________________________________ (让我胆战心惊). Once, after a particularly hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool. Gathering my courage, I asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim ” She stared at me coldly. It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean, ④________________________________________ (我的恐惧就像乌云一样出现了,独立主格) threatening to drown me.
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
背多分2
1.①flooding　2.②buried　3.②to do　③With　4.①from　5.①in　②in/within　6.①Struck　②it　7.①on　②into　8.②teaching　③up　9.②on　10.①to breathe　11.①was wiping　12.③thanking
教材优美片段再练背 　
①survivors　②but　③was destroyed　④were　⑤leaves　⑥away　⑦to cross
背多分3
①I was so frightened that I just froze/ I froze with fear/ I was rooted to the spot with fear　②my legs would feel like/turn to jelly　③made me tremble/shake with fear　④my fear appearing like dark storm clouds(共58张PPT)
必修 第一册
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境 人与自然　自然灾害
背多分1 单元词汇 三维速记
主题大观念 | 从历史的角度了解国内外发生过的一些重大自然灾害，从多角度积极思考，学习和了解相应举措，减轻灾害造成的物质损失和心理创伤。
语言大观念 | 围绕自然灾害，整合相关词汇和表达，进行自然灾害口头新闻报道，完成新闻报道的摘要写作任务。
①earthquake n. 地震
②magnitude n. (地)震级；重大
③tornado n. 龙卷风；旋风
④typhoon n. 台风
⑤hurricane n. 飓风
⑥drought n. 旱灾；久旱
⑦tsunami n. 海啸
主题情境语块
natural disasters 自然灾害
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
natural disasters 自然灾害
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
natural disasters 自然灾害
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
natural disasters 自然灾害
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
natural disasters 自然灾害
核心词词形变化
warning signs 预警信号
①crack n. 裂纹；裂缝　vi. & vt. (使)破裂
②gas n. 气体；燃气；汽油
during an earthquake 地震期间
③brick n. 砖(块)
④metal n. 金属
⑤as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
⑥in shock 震惊；吃惊
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
disaster and hope 灾难和希望
核心词词形变化
emergency supplies 应急物资
①whistle n. 哨子
②flashlight n. 手电筒
③on hand 现有
④first aid kit 急救箱
主题情境语块
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范
主题情境语块
safety guidelines 安全指南
⑤stay calm 保持镇静
⑥tap on the pipe 敲管道
⑦stay away from power line 远离电线
⑧call an emergency number 打急救电话
⑨whistle for help吹口哨求救
⑩in the open air 在户外
主题情境语块
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
prepare for a disaster 灾难防范
核心词词形变化
①wave n. 海浪；波浪 vi. & vt. 挥手；招手
②crash vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞击 n. 撞车；碰撞
③supply n. 供应(量)；补给；(pl.) 补给品 vt. 供应；供给
④crash into 冲击
⑤sweep away 消灭；彻底消除
⑥the number of ……的数量
主题情境语块
Tsunami： killer wave 海啸： 巨大海浪
主题情境语块
⑦stand at 达到特定水平/数量/高度
⑧run to safety 逃到安全的地方
⑨deliver food and emergency supplies 运送食物和救援物资
主题情境语块
Tsunami： killer wave 海啸： 巨大海浪
主题情境语块
主题情境语块
Tsunami： killer wave 海啸： 巨大海浪
核心词词形变化
主题情境语块
Tsunami： killer wave 海啸： 巨大海浪
核心词词形变化
For people loving the sun, summer is a time of fun. But for people affected by the super typhoon that struck East China in July 2016, that summer was a time of great sadness. The floods and landslides caused by the powerful typhoon killed 161 people, left 61 missing, and forced the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people. The people suffering losses were in several provinces along the Yangtze River. In the lengthy months which have passed since then, efforts have been made to make things better and aid the thousands of people whose homes were in ruins, but the sadness will never leave those survivors whose summer now marks the death of a loved one.
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
1.flood n. ①洪水　②大量　vi. ③淹没；大量涌入　vt. ④使灌满水；淹没；挤满　vt. & vi. 使大受感动；充满；照进
1)a flood of ... 一大批……
in floods of tears 泪如雨下
2)flood in/into/out of 大量涌入/蜂拥而出
“情感”名词+flood over sb. 某人非常/深感……
flood back 涌上心头
3)be flooded with 充满，挤满……
①Sweet memories came ________ (flood) back and Jane was in floods of tears. 甜蜜的回忆涌上心头，简哭得像个泪人似的。(续写情感描写)
②A great sense of relief and pride flooded over my father. 我的父亲深感宽慰和骄傲。(续写情感描写)
③She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in. 她拉开窗帘，阳光洒了进来。(续写写景)
flooding
①Since she graduated, my mother has buried herself in teaching, winning high praise. 我母亲自毕业以来，全心扑在教学上，获得了高度赞扬。(人物介绍)
②Father paced in, his hands ________ (bury) in his pockets. 父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。(新高考Ⅰ卷续写)
buried
3.effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth. 努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事
put effort into 付出努力
worth the effort 值得付出努力
2)with (an) effort 费劲地
without effort 轻松地
in an effort to do sth. 为了做某事
①Last Sunday, our school organised a friendly football match between students and teachers, in an effort to enrich our school life. 上周日，为丰富我们的校园生活，我校组织了一场师生足球友谊赛。 (报道)
②Let’s start now and spare no effort ________ (do) a little bit every minute! 让我们从现在开始，每分钟不遗余力地做好点滴!(倡议书)
③________ effort, she managed to stop herself laughing. 她好不容易才忍住了笑。(续写神态描写)
to do
with
4.survive vi. ①生存；存活　vt. ②幸存　③艰难度过　④比……活(或存在)的时间长
1)survive on 靠……生存 ；靠……维持生活
survive sth. 幸免于某事；从某事中挺过来，活过来
survive sb.by+时间段　比某人多活……
2)survive from ... as ... 从……作为……留存下来
①The ancient building survived ________ the Tang Dynasty as a museum. 这栋古建筑从唐朝留存至今被用作了博物馆。(短文)
②Life isn’t about how to survive storms, but how to dance in the rain. 生活不在于如何挺过暴雨，而在于如何在风雨中起舞。(续写主旨升华)
from
①If you have any problems, I’ll do everything ________ my power to help you. 如果你有什么问题，我会尽我所能帮助你。(建议信)
②The present situation is only temporary, and it is ________ your power to deal with it. 目前这个状况只是暂时的，你有能力解决它。(建议信)
③Gently rubbing the little dog’s ears, Mary got amazed at his power to read her thoughts. 玛丽轻揉着小狗的耳朵，很惊讶小狗能揣摩自己的想法。(续写动作+情感描写)
in
in/within
6.strike vi.& vt. ①侵袭；突击　②击打　③报时　④擦火柴　
vt. ⑤给(某人以)印象　⑥突然想到　vi. ⑦罢工　n. ⑧罢工；罢课　⑨袭击
1)be struck by/with ... 被……击中；被……打动
It strikes sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
strike ... into one’s heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心
strike sb. as (being) ... 给某人的印象是……
2)be/go on strike 在/举行罢工
①________ (strike) by your talent for music, I can hardly wait to invite you to the music festival. 被你的音乐天赋所打动，我迫不及待地邀请你参加音乐节。(邀请信)
②Mount Tai has struck its beauty into my heart； as a result, ________ strikes me that I will visit it again. 泰山的美让我刻骨铭心，所以我想我会再次游览泰山。(游记)
struck
it
①Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect ________ Chinese culture. 李白创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍短文)
②Hopefully, my suggestions will soon be put ________ effect to address these problems. 为解决这些问题，希望我的建议不久会付诸实施。(建议信)
on
into
Everywhere ①________ (survive) looked, there was nothing ②________ ruins. Nearly everything in the city ③____________ (destroy). About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals ④____________ (be) gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn ⑤____________ (leaf), but no wind could blow them
⑥___________. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe ⑦___________ (cross).
survivors
but
was destroyed
were
leaves
away
to cross
①As his performance came to an end, the audience burst into applause. 当他的表演结束时，观众爆发出掌声。
②He ended up ________(teach) English, which came as a shock to us. 他最后当老师教英语，这着实让我们大吃一惊。
③Looking back, I would have ended ________ nowhere if I had lost patience and given up halfway. It’s patience that makes a great difference in the end. 回想起来，如果我失去耐心，半途而废，我终将一事无 成。耐心最终会有很大的不同。(续写主旨升华)
teaching
up
9.短语2 on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
at hand 在手边；即将到来
by hand 手工
(at) first hand 亲自
hand in hand 手拉手
go hand in hand 密切相关
on the one hand； on the other hand 一方面；另一方面
give/lend a helping hand 伸出援助之手
try one’s hands at 着手尝试
lay/get one’s hands on sth. 找到/得到某物
fall into sb.’s hands 受制于某人
①On the one hand, online learning improves the learning efficiency； on the other hand, it also brings about some new problems. 一方面，网络学习提高了学习效率；另一方面，它也引起了一些新的问题。(发言稿)
②He gave her a reassuring pat on the shoulder, smiling，“I am always ________ hand to help.” 他轻拍了一下她的肩膀让她放心，微笑着 说：“我会随时提供帮助。”
③Her willingness to lend a hand eased the burden that had settled over me. 她愿意伸出援手，这减轻了我身上的重担。
on
10.句式1主语+be+形容词+不定式
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难得到。
句型：主语+be+形容词+不定式。
特点：不定式的主动形式表被动。
条件：不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
常用的形容词有difficult、 hard、 easy、 comfortable、 pleasant、 interesting、 exciting等。
※注意：在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加相应的介 词。
①I prefer to live in the countryside where the air is fresh ________ (breathe).我更喜欢住在乡下，那里的空气很新鲜。(短文)
②Gazing at the once maze-like building, Eva found that it was no longer challenging to deal with again. 伊娃凝视着这座曾经像迷宫一样的大楼，发现它不再具有挑战性了。(2024·浙江高考1月续写)
③The garden was so fantastic to admire that he was lost in it, not noticing it had got dark.花园景色迷人，他流连忘返，不知不觉天已经黑了。(续写环境描写)
to breath
11.句式2 be doing sth. when ... 正在做某事这时(突然)……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然水开始涌入家 中。
1)句中when用作并列连词，表“这时突然”。
2)其他结构相似的句式还有：
主语+ was/were about to do/on the point of doing ... when ...正要做……这时……
主语+had just done ... when ... 刚刚做了……，突然……
①Chet ________ (wipe) down the counter when the front door banged open. 切特正在擦拭柜台，突然前门被撞开了。(续写场景描写)
②He was about to answer when the color suddenly drained from his face—he leapt to his feet and dashed to the window. 他正要回答，突然脸色刷地变白了——他一跃而起，奔向窗口。
③He had just risen to his feet when the door slid open. 他刚起身，门开了。
was wiping
12.句式3 as if/though 引导的从句
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临!
1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气。
2)如果从句表示的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气。
与现在事实相反：did/were
与过去事实相反：had done
与将来事实相反：would/could ...+do
3)如果as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词。
①He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. 他伸展四肢，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。 (续写动作+情感描写)
②I felt as if my whole body had been weighed down by tons of bricks. 我觉得好像全身都被数吨砖压弯了。 (续写夸张修辞)
③The dolphin emitted delighted squeals that echoed through the ocean, as if ________ (thank) her for granting it the gift of freedom once again. 海豚发出欢快的尖叫声，在海洋中回荡，仿佛在感谢她再次给予它自由。 (续写情景交融)
thanking
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——情感细节描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二)
吓呆 ①root sb. to the spot/ground/rooted to the spot/ground呆立不动； ②freeze with fear/terror/ fright/horror吓呆； ③stand/sit frozen with fear站/坐着吓傻了 发抖、
发软、
发僵 ①shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖；胆战心惊；②(knees) knock in fright (双膝)吓得直打颤；
③knees feel weak双膝发软；
④one’s body be rigid/stiff with fear吓得浑身发僵； ⑤feel like/turn to jelly开始发软
冒汗 ①sweat with fear吓得直冒汗； ②(palms) sweat (手心)冒汗 毛骨 悚然 ①send a chill down/up sb.’s spine令某人脊背发凉，令某人毛骨悚然； ②a chill deep down in one’s bones毛骨悚然
蜷缩、 跳、呼吸 ①shrink退缩；畏缩； ②cower蜷缩； ③jump猛地一跳； ④make sb. jump吓某人一跳； ⑤give a gasp of horror吓得倒吸一口气
用表“恐惧、惊恐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景9　主题“险境求生”——遭遇飓风时的“恐惧、惊恐”
It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself. It all happened so quickly. I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. ①__________________________________________ __________________________________ (我吓呆了). Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then. The rain was coming down so hard and so fast. Our street turned into a river in seconds. We were going nowhere.
I was so frightened that I just froze/ I froze with fear/ I was rooted to the spot with fear
微场景10　主题“挑战自我”——学会游泳前的“恐惧、惊恐”
I was always afraid of water. This fear could not be explained, but the moment I stepped near any body of water, ②_______________________
_______________ (我会两腿发软). I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around helplessly. But my school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, which ③__________________________
______ (让我胆战心惊). Once, after a particularly hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool. Gathering my courage, I
my legs would feel like/turn to jelly
made me tremble/shake with fear
asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim ” She stared at me coldly. It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean, ④________ ______________________________________ (我的恐惧就像乌云一样出现了，独立主格) threatening to drown me.
my fear appearing like dark storm clouds

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