资源简介

必修第三册　UNIT 4
阅读　(外刊原味13)　体裁:说明文　主题语境:宇宙探索　难度:★★★☆ | The Observer
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Japanese scientists have created one of the world’s most unusual spacecraft, the LignoSat probe—a tiny wooden satellite, which will burn into biodegradable ash when it reenters the atmosphere. In experiments carried out on the International Space Station (ISS), it was found particularly stable and resistant to cracking.
The satellite has been built to see if biodegradable materials such as wood can act as environmentally friendly alternatives to the metals from which all satellites are currently constructed.
“All the satellites reentering the Earth’s atmosphere burn and create harmful particles, which will float in the upper atmosphere for years,” Takao Doi, a Japanese astronaut and aerospace engineer, warned recently. “Eventually, it will affect the environment of the Earth.”
To tackle the problem, Kyoto researchers set up a project to evaluate types of wood to determine how well they could withstand the severe conditions of space launch and lengthy flights in orbit round the Earth. The first tests were conducted in laboratories that recreated conditions in space, and wood samples were found to have suffered no measurable changes in mass or signs of decomposition or damage. “Wood’s ability to withstand these conditions astonished us,” said Koji Murata, head of the project.
After these tests, samples were sent to the ISS, where they were subjected to exposure trials for almost a year before being brought back to Earth. Again, they showed little signs of damage, a phenomenon that Murata attributed to the fact that there is neither oxygen in space which could cause wood to burn, nor living creatures to cause it to rot.
Several types of wood were tested, including Japanese cherry, with wood from magnolia trees proving to be the most robust. This has now been used to build Kyoto’s wooden satellite, said Murata.
1.What do the underlined words “the problem” probably refer to in paragraph 4
A. Particles floating in the atmosphere.
B. The metal satellites reentering the atmosphere.
C. The atmospheric pollution caused by satellites.
D. The impact of space junk on the environment.
2.How did the researchers find the result of the tests
A. Jaw-dropping. B. Far-reaching. C. Hair-raising. D. Ground-breaking.
3.Why did wood samples remain unharmed in space during the tests
A. They can stand severe conditions. B. They are hard to crack.
C. There exist no external risk factors. D. They are resistant to fire.
4.What might be talked about next
A. The use of wood to construct more satellites.
B. The final launch of the wooden satellites.
C. Environmental issues posed by metal satellites.
D. The good permanence of wooden probes in orbit.
完形填空　(2025·广东调研)　体裁:议论文　主题语境:宇宙探索　难度:★★★☆☆
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Why should mankind explore space Why should money, time and efforts be spent exploring and 　1　 something with so few apparent benefits Why should many resources be spent on space 　2　 than on conditions and people on Earth
These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer 　3　 in our genetic makeup as human beings. What 　4　 our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all 　5　 areas and environments The wider the 　6　 of a species, the better its chance of 　7　. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand 　8　 possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has 　9　, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be 　10　 destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can 　11　 its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources 　12　. Even if we have no 　13　 need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been 　14　 through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can 　15　 the length or quality of our lives.
1.A. hunting B. researching C. sending D. waiting
2.A. rather B. more C. less D. other
3.A. results B. hides C. falls D. lies
4.A. made B. led C. drove D. showed
5.A. possible B. sufficient C. changeable D. reasonable
6.A. exchange B. existence C. appearance D. spread
7.A. removal B. survival C. arrival D. refusal
8.A. however B. whenever C. wherever D. whoever
9.A. explored B. removed C. changed D. survived
10.A. surely B. really C. hardly D. completely
11.A. deepen B. lessen C. lengthen D. strengthen
12.A. found B. wasted C. sent D. used
13.A. quick B. full C. regular D. immediate
14.A. charged B. collected C. acquired D. connected
15.A. enlarge B. improve C. signal D. include
语法填空　(全国Ⅰ卷)　体裁:说明文　主题语境:宇宙探索　难度:★★☆☆
　　China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1.__________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2.__________ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.__________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4.__________ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 5.__________ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6.__________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7.__________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.__________ (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9.__________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10.__________ (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical.
阅读
随着太空中的卫星越来越多,太空污染已经成为不可忽视的问题。为此,日本科学家研发出了世界首颗木制卫星,这种卫星在完成任务重新进入大气层燃烧时,只会产生一点可生物降解的灰。
1.D　词句猜测题。由第三段的介绍可知,所有重返地球大气层的卫星都会燃烧并产生有害微粒,这些微粒将在高层大气中漂浮多年,并将最终影响地球环境。第四段第一句提到“这个问题”,由此可推断出这个问题指的是漂浮的有害颗粒,即太空垃圾对环境的影响问题。space junk 指太空垃圾,如人造卫星的碎片等。故D项正确。
2.A　推理判断题。由第四段最后一句 “Wood’s ability to withstand these conditions astonished us (木材在这些条件下的抗压能力让我们感到震惊)”可知,实验结果让研究人员很吃惊,故A项正确。jaw-dropping “令人目瞪口呆的”; far-reaching “影响深远的”; hair-raising “使人毛发直立的;惊险的”; ground-breaking “开拓性的”。
3.C　推理判断题。由第五段第二句“这一次木材样本依然没有呈现出多少损坏的迹象,村田浩二将这一现象归结于太空中没有导致木材燃烧的氧气,也没有导致木材腐烂的生物”可知,太空中不存在如氧气或生物等对木材有外在危害的因素。故C项正确。
4.A　推理判断题。最后一段介绍,研究人员测试了包括日本山樱木在内的几种木材,事实证明木兰木是最坚固的。村田浩二指出,当前京都大学的木制卫星就是用木兰木制作的。下文应讨论木材是否将会正式获批成为卫星的建造材料的问题。故A项正确。
积累
重点词 withstand vt.承受;抵住;顶住;经受住
派生词 ①(length+-y=) lengthy adj.很长的;漫长的;冗长的　②(measure+-able=) measurable adj.显著的;可测量的　③(de-+composition=) decomposition n.分解
语块 ①attribute to把……归因于;认为……是由于　②be subjected to经受;遭受　③be resistant to抵制;抵抗
完形填空
本文主要论述人类探索太空的原因,探索太空源于人类基因中的探索本能,有助于识别风险、获取资源与知识,长远看有益生存和发展。
1.B　根据空前的“money, time and efforts be spent exploring and”和空后的“something with so few apparent benefits”可知,这里指花费金钱、时间和精力去探索和研究太空。故选B。hunt “打猎,搜索”; research “研究,调查”; send “邮寄,发送”; wait “等待”。
2.A　根据空前的space和空后的“than on conditions and people on Earth”可知,这里指许多资源被投入到了太空上,而不是地球的环境和人口上。rather than “而不是”; more than “比……多”; less than “比……少”; other than “除……以外”。故选A。
3.D　也许最好的答案在于我们作为人类的基因构成。lie in “在于”; result in “导致”。故选D。
4.C　根据下文中的“this genetic tendency”可知,这里是在询问驱使人类从在树上生活到进入其他地方生活的动力,并且下文指出这在于人类基因的倾向。故选C。make “制造”; lead “导致”; drive “驱动,驱使”; show “表现”。
5.A　这里指可能适宜居住的地方和环境。故选A。possible “可能的,可能存在的”; sufficient “足够的;充足的”; changeable “易变的”; reasonable “合理的”。
6.D　一个物种的扩散范围越广,它的生存机会就越大。故选D。exchange “交换”; existence “存在”; appearance “出现”; spread “传播,散布,展开;摊开”。
7.B　根据“the better its chance of”可知,这里指物种扩散越广,其生存机会就越大。故选B。removal “移动,消除;搬迁”; survival “生存,幸存”; arrival “到达”; refusal “拒绝”。
8.C　根据上文中的“What 　4　 ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all 　5　 and environments The wider the 　6　 a species, the better its chance of 　7　.”可,人类的生存地从树上延展到了其他可能的地方和环境,并且物种扩散范围越广,其生存机会就越大,由此可知,这里指的是在任何有可能的地方扩散。故选C。however “不管多么”; whenever “无论何时”; wherever “无论在哪里,在所有……的情况下”; whoever “无论谁”。
9.A　根据上下文多次提到的explore space, exploration等可知,本文讨论的是人类空间探索的原因,所以这里说明是几乎每个成功的文明都有过探索行为。故选A。explore “探索”; remove “移开;去掉”; change “改变”; survive “幸存”。
10.D　没有知识,我们可能会被危险彻底摧毁。surely “无疑,必定”; really “真正地”; hardly “几乎不”; completely “彻底地,完全地”。
11.B　本句与上句“Without knowledge, we may be 　10　 by the danger.”形成对比,没有知识时,人类可能会被危险彻底摧毁,而有知识时,人类可以减轻危险的影响。故选B。deepen “加强”; lessen “减弱,减轻”; lengthen “(使)变长”; strengthen “巩固”。
12.A　根据下文中的“they will perhaps be useful later”并结合常识可知,探索有助于发现潜在的资源。故选A。find “发现”; waste “浪费”; send “邮寄,发送”; use “使用”。
13.D　根据句中的“they will perhaps be useful later”可知,即便人类不是立即需要这些资源,但它们在以后也许会有用。故选D。quick “迅速的”; full “充满的”; regular “定期的;经常的”; immediate “立即的”。
14.C　根据上文可知,探索有助于发现潜在的资源,这些资源不仅仅是物质资源,还可以通过探索获得知识和技术。故选C。charge “收费,控告;使……承担责任”; collect “收集”; acquire “获得”; connect “(使)连接”。
15.B　这些技术可能具有医疗应用,可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。故选B。enlarge “扩大”; improve “提高,改善”; signal “标志;表明”; include “包括”。
语法填空
本文主要介绍了中国的航天壮举:成为首个让无人探测器——“嫦娥四号”在月球背面着陆的国家。本文介绍了“嫦娥四号”本次的航天任务和意义。
1.touched　考查动词的时态。句意:以中国古代的一位月亮女神的名字命名的无人探测器“嫦娥四号”,上周在月球的南极——艾特肯盆地着陆。分析句子成分可知,设空处为句子的谓语动词;根据时间状语last week可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填touched。
2.extremely　考查词形转换。句意:着陆在月球的背面是极具挑战性的。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰形容词challenging,应用副词,故填extremely。
3.where　考查定语从句。句意:由于月球自身阻挡了(地球)与探测器之间直接的无线电通信,中国必须先将一颗卫星送入月球上方轨道的一个位置,在那里它能够向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子成分并结合句意可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词spot,且引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导,故填where。
4.interest　考查词形转换。句意:科学家们对月球的背面尤其感兴趣,因为它有许多深的环形山,比人们所熟悉的月球的正面更感兴趣。结合句意可知,此处应为“be+of+n.”结构,相当于“be+adj.”,故填interest。
5.than　考查连词。结合上文的 “The far side of the moon”和more及下文的 “the familiar near side”可知,此处含有对比关系,对比月球的背面和正面,应用than连接两个比较对象。故填than。
6.to find　考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者们希望用“嫦娥四号”上的设备来发现和研究月球南极——艾特肯盆地区域。结合句意可知,设空处在句中作目的状语,应用不定式,构成use sth. to do ... 结构,意为“使用某物做……”。故填to find。
7.means　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为:布朗大学的科学家卡尔·佩特斯说:“这真的让科学家们兴奋不已,因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构成的信息。”结合语境和上文的 “This really excites scientists”可知,此处表述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时;且主语为it,为第三人称单数,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式,故填means。
8.is constructed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,此处陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时;从句主语the moon和construct之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;且the moon为单数概念,从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is constructed。
9.much　考查代词。句意:关于月球构成的数据,比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏,能够帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。结合句意可知,此处应表示“多少”,且ice为不可数名词,故填much。
10.its　考查代词。此处修饰名词plans,作定语,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。(共33张PPT)
限时练
必修第三册　UNIT 4
阅读　(外刊原味13)　体裁：说明文　主题语境：宇宙探索　难度：★★★ ☆ | The Observer　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Japanese scientists have created one of the world’s most unusual spacecraft, the LignoSat probe—a tiny wooden satellite, which will burn into biodegradable ash when it reenters the atmosphere. In experiments carried out on the International Space Station (ISS), it was found particularly stable and resistant to cracking.
The satellite has been built to see if biodegradable materials such as wood can act as environmentally friendly alternatives to the metals from which all satellites are currently constructed.
“All the satellites reentering the Earth’s atmosphere burn and create harmful particles, which will float in the upper atmosphere for years，” Takao Doi, a Japanese astronaut and aerospace engineer, warned recently. “Eventually, it will affect the environment of the Earth.”
To tackle the problem, Kyoto researchers set up a project to evaluate types of wood to determine how well they could withstand the severe conditions of space launch and lengthy flights in orbit round the Earth. The first tests were conducted in laboratories that recreated conditions in space, and wood samples were found to have suffered no measurable
changes in mass or signs of decomposition or damage. “Wood’s ability to withstand these conditions astonished us，” said Koji Murata, head of the project.
After these tests, samples were sent to the ISS, where they were subjected to exposure trials for almost a year before being brought back to Earth. Again, they showed little signs of damage, a phenomenon that Murata attributed to the fact that there is neither oxygen in space which could cause wood to burn, nor living creatures to cause it to rot.
Several types of wood were tested, including Japanese cherry, with wood from magnolia trees proving to be the most robust. This has now been used to build Kyoto’s wooden satellite, said Murata.
随着太空中的卫星越来越多，太空污染已经成为不可忽视的问题。为此，日本科学家研发出了世界首颗木制卫星，这种卫星在完成任务重新进入大气层燃烧时，只会产生一点可生物降解的灰。
1.What do the underlined words “the problem” probably refer to in paragraph 4
A. Particles floating in the atmosphere.
B. The metal satellites reentering the atmosphere.
C. The atmospheric pollution caused by satellites.
D. The impact of space junk on the environment.
词句猜测题。由第三段的介绍可知，所有重返地球大气层的卫星都会燃烧并产生有害微粒，这些微粒将在高层大气中漂浮多年，并将最终影响地球环境。第四段第一句提到“这个问题”，由此可推断出这个问题指的是漂浮的有害颗粒，即太空垃圾对环境的影响问题。space junk 指太空垃圾，如人造卫星的碎片等。故D项正确。
答案与解析
2.How did the researchers find the result of the tests
Jaw-dropping. B. Far-reaching.
C. Hair-raising. D. Ground-breaking.
推理判断题。由第四段最后一句 “Wood’s ability to withstand these conditions astonished us (木材在这些条件下的抗压能力让我们感到震惊)”可知，实验结果让研究人员很吃惊，故A项正确。jaw-dropping “令人目瞪口呆的”； far-reaching “影响深远的”； hair-raising “使人毛发直立的；惊险的”； ground-breaking “开拓性的”。
答案与解析
3.Why did wood samples remain unharmed in space during the tests
A. They can stand severe conditions.
B. They are hard to crack.
C. There exist no external risk factors.
D. They are resistant to fire.
推理判断题。由第五段第二句“这一次木材样本依然没有呈现出多少损坏的迹象，村田浩二将这一现象归结于太空中没有导致木材燃烧的氧气，也没有导致木材腐烂的生物”可知，太空中不存在如氧气或生物等对木材有外在危害的因素。故C项正确。
答案与解析
4.What might be talked about next
A. The use of wood to construct more satellites.
B. The final launch of the wooden satellites.
C. Environmental issues posed by metal satellites.
D. The good permanence of wooden probes in orbit.
推理判断题。最后一段介绍，研究人员测试了包括日本山樱木在内的几种木材，事实证明木兰木是最坚固的。村田浩二指出，当前京都大学的木制卫星就是用木兰木制作的。下文应讨论木材是否将会正式获批成为卫星的建造材料的问题。故A项正确。
答案与解析
积累
重点词 withstand vt.承受；抵住；顶住；经受住
派生词 ①(length+-y=) lengthy adj.很长的；漫长的；冗长的　
②(measure+-able=) measurable adj.显著的；可测量的　
③(de-+composition=) decomposition n.分解
语块 ①attribute to把……归因于；认为……是由于　②be subjected to经受；遭受　③be resistant to抵制；抵抗
完形填空　(2025·广东调研)　体裁：议论文　主题语境：宇宙探索　难度：★★★☆☆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Why should mankind explore space Why should money, time and efforts be spent exploring and 　1　 something with so few apparent benefits Why should many resources be spent on space 　2　 than on conditions and people on Earth
These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. Perhaps the best answer 　3　 in our genetic makeup as human beings. What 　4　 our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on
into all 　5　 areas and environments The wider the 　6　 of a species, the better its chance of 　7　. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand 　8　 possible.
Nearly every successful civilization has 　9　, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be 　10　 destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can 　11　 its effects.
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources
　12　. Even if we have no 　13　 need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been 　14　 through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can 　15　 the length or quality of our lives.
1.A. hunting B. researching C. sending D. waiting
2.A. rather B. more C. less D. other
3.A. results B. hides C. falls D. lies
4.A. made B. led C. drove D. showed
5.A. possible B. sufficient C. changeable D. reasonable
6.A. exchange B. existence C. appearance D. spread
7.A. removal B. survival C. arrival D. refusal
8.A. however B. whenever C. wherever D. whoever
9.A. explored B. removed C. changed D. survived
10.A. surely B. really C. hardly D. completely
11.A. deepen B. lessen C. lengthen D. strengthen
12.A. found B. wasted C. sent D. used
13.A. quick B. full C. regular D. immediate
14.A. charged B. collected C. acquired D. connected
15.A. enlarge B. improve C. signal D. include
本文主要论述人类探索太空的原因，探索太空源于人类基因中的探索本能，有助于识别风险、获取资源与知识，长远看有益生存和发展。
1.B　根据空前的“money, time and efforts be spent exploring and”和空后的“something with so few apparent benefits”可知，这里指花费金钱、时间和精力去探索和研究太空。故选B。hunt “打猎,搜索”; research “研究，调查”； send “邮寄，发送”； wait “等待”。
答案与解析
2.A　根据空前的space和空后的“than on conditions and people on Earth”可知，这里指许多资源被投入到了太空上，而不是地球的环境和人口上。rather than “而不是”； more than “比……多”； less than “比……少”； other than “除……以外”。故选A。
3.D　也许最好的答案在于我们作为人类的基因构成。lie in “在
于”; result in “导致”。故选D。
答案与解析
4.C　根据下文中的“this genetic tendency”可知，这里是在询问驱使人类从在树上生活到进入其他地方生活的动力，并且下文指出这在于人类基因的倾向。故选C。make “制造”； lead “导致”； drive “驱动，驱使”； show “表现”。
5.A　这里指可能适宜居住的地方和环境。故选A。possible “可能的，可能存在的”； sufficient “足够的；充足的”； changeable “易变的”； reasonable “合理的”。
答案与解析
6.D　一个物种的扩散范围越广，它的生存机会就越大。故选D。exchange “交换”； existence “存在”； appearance “出现”； spread
“传播，散布，展开；摊开”。
7.B　根据“the better its chance of”可知，这里指物种扩散越广，其生存机会就越大。故选B。removal “移动，消除；搬迁”； survival “生存，幸存”； arrival “到达”； refusal “拒绝”。
答案与解析
8.C　根据上文中的“What 　4　 ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all 　5　 and environments The wider the 　6　 a species, the better its chance of 　7　.”可，人类的生存地从树上延展到了其他可能的地方和环境，并且物种扩散范围越广，其生存机会就越大，由此可知，这里指的是在任何有可能的地方扩散。故选C。however “不管多么”； whenever “无论何时”； wherever “无论在哪里，在所有……的情况下”； whoever “无论谁”。
答案与解析
9.A　根据上下文多次提到的explore space, exploration等可知，本文讨论的是人类空间探索的原因，所以这里说明是几乎每个成功的文明都有过探索行为。故选A。explore “探索”; remove “移开；去掉”； change “改变”； survive “幸存”。
10.D　没有知识，我们可能会被危险彻底摧毁。surely “无疑，必定”； really “真正地”； hardly “几乎不”； completely “彻底地，完全地”。
答案与解析
11.B　本句与上句“Without knowledge, we may be 　10　 destroyed
by the danger.”形成对比，没有知识时，人类可能会被危险彻底摧毁,而有知识时,人类可以减轻危险的影响。故选B。deepen “加强”; lessen “减弱，减轻”； lengthen “(使)变长”； strengthen “巩固”。
12.A　根据下文中的“they will perhaps be useful later”并结合常识可知，探索有助于发现潜在的资源。故选A。find “发现”； waste “浪费”； send “邮寄，发送”； use “使用”。
答案与解析
13.D　根据句中的“they will perhaps be useful later”可知，即便人类不是立即需要这些资源，但它们在以后也许会有用。故选D。quick “迅速的”； full “充满的”； regular “定期的；经常的”； immediate “立即的”。
14.C　根据上文可知，探索有助于发现潜在的资源，这些资源不仅仅是物质资源，还可以通过探索获得知识和技术。故选C。charge “收费，控告；使……承担责任”； collect “收集”； acquire “获得”； connect “(使)连接”。
答案与解析
15.B　这些技术可能具有医疗应用，可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。故选B。enlarge “扩大”； improve “提高,改善”; signal “标志；表明”； include “包括”。
答案与解析
语法填空　(全国Ⅰ卷)　体裁：说明文　主题语境：宇宙探索　难
度：★★ ☆☆
　　China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 1.__________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2.__________ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3.__________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of
touched
extremely
where
particular 4.__________ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 5.__________ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6.__________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 7.__________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8.____________________ (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9.________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10.__________ (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical.
interest
than
to find
means
is constructed
much
its
本文主要介绍了中国的航天壮举：成为首个让无人探测器——“嫦娥四号”在月球背面着陆的国家。本文介绍了“嫦娥四号”本次的航天任务和意义。
1.touched　考查动词的时态。句意：以中国古代的一位月亮女神的名字命名的无人探测器“嫦娥四号”，上周在月球的南极——艾特肯盆地着陆。分析句子成分可知，设空处为句子的谓语动词；根据时间状语last week可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填touched。
答案与解析
2.extremely　考查词形转换。句意：着陆在月球的背面是极具挑战性的。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰形容词challenging，应用副词，故填extremely。
3.where　考查定语从句。句意：由于月球自身阻挡了(地球)与探测器之间直接的无线电通信，中国必须先将一颗卫星送入月球上方轨道的一个位置，在那里它能够向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词spot,且引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导，故填where。
答案与解析
4.interest　考查词形转换。句意：科学家们对月球的背面尤其感兴趣，因为它有许多深的环形山，比人们所熟悉的月球的正面更感兴趣。结合句意可知，此处应为“be+of+n.”结构，相当于“be+adj.”，故填interest。
5.than　考查连词。结合上文的 “The far side of the moon”和more及下文的 “the familiar near side”可知，此处含有对比关系，对比月球的背面和正面，应用than连接两个比较对象。故填than。
答案与解析
6.to find　考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者们希望用“嫦娥四号”上的设备来发现和研究月球南极——艾特肯盆地区域。结合句意可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，构成use sth. to do ... 结构，意为“使用某物做……”。故填to find。
7.means　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意为：布朗大学的科学家卡尔·佩特斯说：“这真的让科学家们兴奋不已，因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构成的信息。”结合语境和上文的 “This really excites scientists”可知，此处表述的是客观情况，应用
答案与解析
一般现在时；且主语为it，为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式，故填means。
8.is constructed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；从句主语the moon和construct之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且the moon为单数概念，从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填is constructed。
9.much　考查代词。句意：关于月球构成的数据，比如月球上含有多少冰和其他宝藏，能够帮助中国判断其未来月球基地的计划
答案与解析
是否可行。结合句意可知，此处应表示“多少”，且ice为不可数名词，故填much。
10.its　考查代词。此处修饰名词plans，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
答案与解析

展开更多......

收起↑