【暑假闯关集训】2025年七年级英语下册大通关05—名词(全国通用)【含答案解析】

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【暑假闯关集训】2025年七年级英语下册大通关05—名词(全国通用)【含答案解析】

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名词05
一、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
可数名词 不可数名词
分单、复数两种形式 desk→desks bus→buses 没有复数形式 tea meat
前面可用基数词、不定冠词修饰 three boys; an orange 不可以被基数词和不定冠词直接修饰,若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词” a piece of paper; two cups of tea
可数名词的复数前可用many, some, any 修饰 many teachers; some friends 可用much, some, any修饰 much bread; some milk
二、可数名词的复数形式
情况 构成方法 例词
一般情况 加-s cap→caps; dog→dogs; bike→bikes; driver→drivers
以字母s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加-es bus→buses; wish→wishes; watch→watches; box→boxes
以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i再加-es lady→ladies;century→centuries; family→families; story→stories
以f或fe结尾 一般变f, fe为v,再加-es leaf→leaves; life→lives; half→halves; knife→knives
以o结尾 o前为辅音音素时加-es, o前为元音音素时加-s。 tomato→tomatoes; hero→heroes; potato→potatoes; radio→radios; zoo→zoos; 例外,photo→photos; piano→pianos
复合名词 将后一个词变为复数 tooth-brush→tooth-brushes; film-goer → film-goers
两部分都变复数 man doctor→men doctors; woman teacher→women teachers
特殊名词 改变内部元音字母 foot→feet; tooth→teeth; man→men; mouse→mice
词尾加-ren child→children
单复数同形 Chinese→Chinese; sheep→sheep; deer→deer
三、可数名词复数变化规则:
(1)规则变化:
构成方法 示例
在词尾加-s desk-desks;dog-dogs
以s,x,sh,ch,z等结尾的名词之后加-es; 如词尾为e,只加-s class-classes buzz-buzzes horse-horses page-pages
如词尾为-f或-fe,则一般变为-ves knife-knives
以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es family-families
以o结尾的名词,有生命的加es,无生命的加s tomato-tomatoes;photo-photos
(2)不规则变化:
词尾变: child-- children 孩子
改变元音字母:man---- men 男人 woman---- women 女人
a man teacher---- two men teachers 两位男老师
policeman---policemen 警察
单复数同形: Chinese------Chinese 中国人 sheep------ sheep 绵羊
Japanese-----Japanese 日本人 deer-- deer 鹿
特殊的: mouse-- mice 老鼠 German---Germans德国人
四、名词所有格
类型 构成方法 例子
有生命的名词(人或动物) 在词尾加’s Tom’s book; the girl’s ear-ring; the dog’s ears; the hero’s name
以s, es结尾的复数名词只加’ the students’ desks; the workers’ tools; the teachers’ office
不以(e)s结尾的复数名词加’s men’s clothes; Children’s Day; Women’s Day; sheep’s wool
无 生 命 的 名 词 时间、世界、国家、城市等 一般在词尾加’s China’s capital; Chengdu’s industries; the world’s population; today’s news
其他 一般用of结构 the door of the room; a map of the world; the legs of the tables; a way of life
一、单项选择
1.Look! There is a rabbit, two _______ and two _______ in the picture.
A.sheep; mouse B.wolf; sheep C.foxes; wolves D.wolf; mice
2._______ mother usually cooks for them at the weekend.
A.Lily and Nick B.Lily’s and Nick’s C.Lily and Nick’s D.Lily’s and Nick
3.Peter likes playing the piano, he wants to join the ________ club.
A.P. E. B.English C.music D.basketball
4.—What do you usually have for breakfast
—I often have ________ and a glass of milk.
A.two piece of bread B.two pieces of breads
C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of breads
5.My brother didn’t feel well this morning. He only had a little ________ for breakfast.
A.cakes B.milk C.noodles D.tomatoes
6.The ________ dentists are helping people with their ________ problems.
A.man; tooth B.man; teeth C.men; tooth D.men; teeth
7.—I am afraid I will have to give up Chinese chess. I have made ________ in the past few years.
—You’d better not. It takes time, you know.
A.great progresses B.much progress C.few progresses D.little progress
8.I have many ________. But I only like this photo ________ my family.
A.photos, of B.photos, for C.photoes, with
9.—May I take your order
—I’d like a bowl of soup with ________ and ________ in it.
A.carrots; fish B.carrot; fishes
C.carrots; fishes D.carrot; fish
10.Eric and I are in the same grade, but in different ________.
A.class B.a class C.the class D.classes
二、适当形式填空
11.In autumn, the (leaf) on the trees turn gold.
12.He saw many (branch) on the ground.
13.If you want to use the computer lab, you must fill in an first. (apply)
14.When I finish two (week) work, I decide to sleep all day.
15.Helen’s aunt is a working in a French restaurant. (wait)
16.Now there are more and more foreign (tour) coming to China to travel.
17.People brought tea to Korea and Japan during the 7th and 8th (century).
18.We should brush our (tooth) twice a day to keep healthy.
19.My father is a good (cook), and he often makes delicious food for us.
20.We need to keep a cat. Because there are some (mouse) in our house.
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Animals are an important part of nature. Some animals, like giraffes, have long 21 and like to eat grass (草), while animals like wolves and tigers, eat meat. There are also quite 22 animals, like elephants and whales, and they live in different places. Some animals, like penguins and pandas, are 23 cute, so many people like them very much.
However, a lot of animals are 24 danger because of human beings. As we all know, many animals live in 25 . But people destroy (破坏) their homes by 26 trees. What’s more, some people even 27 animals for money.
28 can we do to save these animals First, we shouldn’t buy things made of animals’ fur or ivory. As the saying goes, “When the buying stops, the killing can too.” 29 we stop buying these things, we can save more animals. Second, we can join some clubs about animals. These clubs usually hold (举行) many activities to raise money for animals. Last, we can 30 more trees in our daily lives, so the animals can have more places to live. Let’s work together to save them!
21.A.necks B.noses C.tails
22.A.good B.small C.huge
23.A.also B.quite C.hardly
24.A.in B.with C.for
25.A.schools B.hospitals C.forests
26.A.cutting down B.caring for C.picking up
27.A.ask B.cook C.kill
28.A.How B.What C.Why
29.A.But B.If C.Although
30.A.wash B.find C.plant
阅读理解
A
根据所给材料,完成下列各题。
Charity WalkThe Sunshine Youth Fund organized a charity (慈善) walk around Tai Shek Lake on Sunday 6th September. It was hot and wet on that day. Over two hundred people joined in it and raised $120,700. The money will go to Project Oasis in Malaysia. It will help provide clear water for some villages. The top donations (捐赠) and the lucky draw (抽奖) results are as follows:
Top Donations1st Mr. King $28,000 2nd Sun Moon Company $25,000 3rd Mrs. Zhou $20,000 Charity Lucky Draw WinnersFirst Prize Winners A 40 inch LCD TV Chen Li Second Prize A vacation to Malaysia Joseph Beer Third Prize A washing machine Jing Kui Other Prizes Bags Kevin Smith and Wu Jun
31.How much money did Mr. King donate (捐赠)
A.$25,000. B.$20,000. C.$28,000. D.$120,700.
32.Who won a washing machine
A.Chen Li. B.Jing Kui. C.Kevin Smith. D.Joseph Beer.
33.There are ________ winners in the lucky draw.
A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6
34.The article is written mainly to ________.
A.give advice B.say thanks
C.ask for help D.show a result
35.Which of the following is TRUE about the charity walk
A.The money it raised will be used to protect Tai Shek Lake.
B.It took place on a weekend at the end of September.
C.More than two hundred people joined in it.
D.It was popular among young people.
B
My name is Emma. I’m a Chinese girl. 36 I live in Pudong with my parents. My favourite food is pizza. I think it’s delicious. 37 She often makes pizza for me at home.
Jack is my good friend. He doesn’t like pizza. His favourite food is carrots. He of-ten eats carrots. 38 But I don’t like carrots at all.
David is my brother. He is tall and fat. He likes to eat hamburgers. 39 My mother doesn’t want him to eat hamburgers. She often tells David that hamburgers are not healthy food.
Amy is my sister. She is only six years old. 40 She also likes to eat vegetables and fruit. Her favourite food is ice-cream, but my mother doesn’t want her to eat too much ice-cream.
根据短文内容,将下面的选项还原到文中空白处,使短文内容完整、通顺,每个选项只能用一次,其中有一个选项是多余的。
A.She loves to eat meat.
B.My mother can cook pizza.
C.I come from Shanghai.
D.His favourite food is chicken hamburgers.
E.He also asks me to eat more carrots.
F.I really don’t like it.
五、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,然后根据文章内容简要回答下面各小题,并将答案写在答题卡上的相应位置。
Water is important in our life, but sometimes water can be dangerous. So we must pay attention to water safety, especially for kids. Water safety for kids often happens at home and in the pool. Here are some suggestions.
▲Be careful of hot water. Hot water can be dangerous, especially for kids under five. Young kids have thinner skin (皮肤) than adults, so it’s easier for them to be burnt. You can reduce the risk by testing the temperature of the water with your wrist (腕) or elbow (肘) before placing your kid in the bath.
▲Watch out for danger in the bathroom. The bathroom is full of danger for young kids. Parents can’t leave them alone in the bathrooms. When young kids are in the bathrooms, remember to put away all the electrical appliances (设备) to avoid the risk.
▲Never let kids swim alone. Swimming in the pool may make kids feel great. But it is not a perfect sport because of the risk of injury (伤害). It’s dangerous when kids stay in the pool alone because they may even drown (溺亡). So kids should swim with their parents.
Everyone should realize the importance of water safety. To keep kids safe, we need to follow the suggestions above.
41.Where does water safety for kids often happen (no more than 6 words)
42.How many suggestions are mentioned (提及) in the passage (no more than 1 word)
43.Why is it easier for young kids to be burnt (no more than 8 words)
44.Can parents leave their young kids alone in the bathrooms (no more than 3 words)
45.Who should kids swim with (no more than 2 words)
/ 让学习更有效 暑假打卡计划 | 英语学科
试卷第1页,共3页
试卷第1页,共3页
参考答案
1.C
【详解】句意:看!画里有一只兔子,两只狐狸和两只狼。
考查名词辨析。sheep羊,单复数同形;mouse老鼠,名词单数;wolf狼,名词单数;foxes狐狸,名词复数;wolves狼,名词复数;mice老鼠,名词复数。根据“two ... and two ... in the picture.”可知,空处需要用名词复数,选项C符合。故选C。
2.C
【详解】句意:莉莉和尼克的妈妈通常在周末为他们做饭。
考查名词所有格。“mother”为单数形式,说明莉莉和尼克共有一个妈妈,因此只需在最后一个人名后加“’s”,即“Lily and Nick’s”。故选C。
3.C
【详解】句意:彼得喜欢弹钢琴,他想加入音乐俱乐部。
考查名词辨析。P. E.体育;English英语;music音乐;basketball篮球。根据“playing the piano”可知,用music最相关。故选C。
4.C
【详解】句意:——你早餐通常吃什么?——我经常吃两片面包和一杯牛奶。
考查不可数名词的量化表达。two piece of bread错误表达;two pieces of breads错误表达;two pieces of bread两片面包;two piece of breads错误表达。根据“I often have…and a glass of milk.”可知,这里表述两片面包,bread为不可数名词,不能直接用数词修饰,也没有复数形式,排除B和D;表示“两片面包”时,应用two pieces of bread,其中piece是可数名词,因前面有two修饰,需用复数形式pieces。故选C。
5.B
【详解】句意:我哥哥今天早上感觉不舒服。他早餐只喝了一点牛奶。
考查名词辨析。cakes蛋糕;milk牛奶;noodles面条;tomatoes西红柿。根据“a little”可知,“a little”修饰不可数名词,表示 “一点儿”;milk是不可数名词,可用“a little”修饰,故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:牙科医生正在帮助人们解决牙齿问题。
考查名词的数。当“man”或“woman”修饰复数名词时,本身需变为复数形式,因此第一空填men;第二空“problems”指人们的牙齿问题,用单数tooth修饰problem。故选C。
7.D
【详解】句意:——恐怕我将不得不放弃中国象棋。在过去几年我几乎没有进步。——你最好不要放弃,你知道的,这需要时间。
考查代词和名词。progress为不可数名词,排除A,C;much progress巨大的进步;little progress几乎没有进步。根据“I am afraid I will have to give up Chinese chess.”可知,因为没有进步,所以想放弃,little有否定意义,表示“几乎没有”。故选D。
8.A
【详解】句意:我有很多照片。但我只喜欢这张全家福。
考查介词辨析。of……的;for为了;with和。“many”后要加可数名词复数,而“photo”的复数直接加“s”;a photo of family“全家福”。故选A。
9.A
【详解】句意:——你可以点菜了吗?——我想要一碗里面有胡萝卜和鱼肉的汤。
考查名词的数。 carrot胡萝卜,可数名词,复数形式为carrots;fish鱼肉(不可数名词)/鱼(不可数名词,指不同种类时才用复数)。根据“I’d like a bowl of soup with ... and ... in it.”可知,此处表示“我想要一碗里面有胡萝卜和鱼肉的汤”,carrot需用复数形式carrots;这里指鱼肉,fish为不可数名词,故选A。
10.D
【详解】句意:埃里克和我在同一个年级,但在不同的班级。
考查可数名词的复数。根据“Eric and I are in the same grade, but in different...”可知,此处表达在同一个年级但是不在同一个班级,表泛指不同的多个事物,用复数形式classes。故选D。
11.leaves
【详解】句意:秋天,树上的叶子变成了金黄色。空处为句子的主语,谓语为动词原形turn,用复数形式leaves。故填leaves。
12.branches
【详解】句意:他看见地上有许多树枝。branch“树枝”,many接可数名词复数。故填branches。
13.application
【详解】句意:如果你想使用计算机实验室,你必须先填写一张申请表。分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词形式,作宾语,apply的名词形式为application“申请表”,根据空前的“an”可知,此处用单数形式。故填application。
14.weeks’
【详解】句意:当我完成两周的工作时,我决定睡一整天。根据“When I finish two…(week) work, I decide to sleep all day.”可知,空后为名词,且空前为大于一的数词,应用名词复数的所有格形式weeks’“周的”修饰work。故填weeks’。
15.waitress
【详解】句意:海伦的阿姨是一家法国餐厅的服务员。根据“Helen’s aunt is a...working in a French restaurant”及提示词可知,设空处需填写职业名词;waitress“女服务员”,a后接可数名词单数。故填waitress。
16.tourists
【详解】句意:现在有越来越多的外国游客来中国旅游。根据“foreign...coming to China to travel.”可知,此处指外国游客,应用tourist,意为“游客”;根据“more and more”可知,此处应填tourist的复数形式。故填tourists。
17.centuries
【详解】句意:公元7世纪和8世纪,人们把茶带到了韩国和日本。根据“during the 7th and 8th”可知此处用名词复数centuries“世纪”。故填centuries。
18.teeth
【详解】句意:为了保持健康,我们应该每天刷牙两次。tooth的复数形式为teeth,brush teeth表示“刷牙”。故填teeth。
19.cook
【详解】句意:我的爸爸是一位很好的厨师,他经常为我们做美味的食物。根据“a good”可知,此处需填名词;根据“he often makes delicious food for us”可知,这里说的是爸爸是个好“厨师”,cook作名词时意为“厨师”,符合语境。故填cook。
20.mice
【详解】句意:我们需要养一只猫。因为我们家有一些老鼠。some修饰可数名词的复数,mouse的复数是mice。故填mice。
21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.C
【导语】本文介绍了动物是自然界的重要组成部分,不同动物有不同习性,同时指出许多动物因人类活动面临危险,进而提出了不购买动物制品、加入动物保护俱乐部、多植树等保护动物的措施。
21.句意:有些动物,比如长颈鹿,脖子很长,喜欢吃草,而像狼和老虎这样的动物吃肉。
necks脖子;noses鼻子;tails尾巴。根据“Some animals, like giraffes, have long”可知,长颈鹿的特征是长脖子,故选A。
22.句意:还有一些非常大的动物,比如大象和鲸鱼,它们生活在不同的地方。
good好的;small小的;huge巨大的。根据“like elephants and whales”可知,大象和鲸鱼是体型巨大的动物,故选C。
23.句意:有些动物,像企鹅和熊猫,非常可爱,所以很多人非常喜欢它们。
also也;quite相当;hardly几乎不。根据“Some animals, like penguins and pandas, are…cute,”可知,此处表示“相当可爱”。故选B。
24.句意:然而,由于人类,许多动物处于危险之中。
in在……里;with和……一起;for为了。固定短语“in danger”表示“处于危险中”,故选A。
25.句意:我们都知道,许多动物生活在森林里。
schools学校;hospitals医院;forests森林。根据“As we all know, many animals live in”以及常识,动物通常生活在森林中,且上下文提到“破坏家园”和“树木”,选项C合理。故选C。
26.句意:但是人们砍伐树木破坏了它们的家园。
cutting down砍伐;caring for照顾;picking up捡起。根据“But people destroy (破坏) their homes by…trees”可知,此处指的是人们砍伐树木,故选A。
27.句意:更重要的是,有些人甚至为了钱而杀死动物。
ask问;cook烹饪;kill杀死。根据“animals for money.”可知,此处指人们为金钱而杀害动物。故选C。
28.句意:我们能做些什么来拯救这些动物?
How如何;What什么;Why为什么。固定句型“What can we do ”意为“我们能做什么”,故选B。
29.句意:如果我们停止购买这些东西,我们可以拯救更多的动物。
But但是;If如果;Although虽然。句子表示条件关系,“如果我们停止购买,就能拯救动物”,If符合语境。故选B。
30.句意:最后,我们可以在日常生活中种植更多的树木,这样动物就有更多的地方居住。
wash洗;find找到;plant种植。根据“more trees in our daily lives, so the animals can have more places to live.”可知,此次指植树可以为动物提供更多栖息地,故选C。
31.C 32.B 33.C 34.D 35.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了阳光青年基金于九月六日在Tai Shek Lake举办慈善步行活动的相关信息以及捐款情况和慈善抽奖的获奖结果。
31.细节理解题。根据“1st Mr. King $28,000”可知,金先生捐赠了28,000美元。故选C。
32.细节理解题。根据“A washing machine Jing Kui”可知,景奎获得了一台洗衣机。故选B。
33.细节理解题。根据“A 40 inch LCD TV Chen Li”、“A vacation to Malaysia Joseph Beer”、“A washing machine Jing Kui”及“Bags Kevin Smith and Wu Jun”可知,幸运抽奖的获胜者有五位。故选C。
34.主旨大意题。根据“The top donations (捐赠) and the lucky draw (抽奖) results are as follows:”可知,本文是慈善捐赠的信息公布,因此是为了展示结果,故选D。
35.细节理解题。根据“Over two hundred people joined in it”可知,超过两百人参加了这项活动。故选C。
36.C 37.B 38.E 39.D 40.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了Emma及其家人和朋友喜欢的食物。
36.根据“I live in Pudong with my parents.”可知,此处应是引出Emma的籍贯或居住地,选项C“我来自上海。”符合语境,因为Pudong(浦东)是上海的一个区。故选C。
37.根据“She often makes pizza for me at home.”可知,此处应是说妈妈会做披萨,选项B“我妈妈会做披萨。”符合语境。故选B。
38.根据“But I don’t like carrots at all.”可知,此处应是说Jack让Emma吃胡萝卜,而Emma不喜欢,选项E“他也让我多吃胡萝卜。”符合语境。故选E。
39.根据“He likes to eat hamburgers.”可知,此处应是说David喜欢的汉堡种类,选项D“他最喜欢的食物是鸡肉汉堡。”符合语境。故选D。
40.根据“She also likes to eat vegetables and fruit.”可知,此处应是说Amy喜欢的食物,且与后文提到的她喜欢吃冰淇淋形成对比,选项A“她喜欢吃肉。”符合语境,因为这里是在列举Amy喜欢的食物,而不仅仅是蔬菜和水。果故选A。
41.At home and in the pool. 42.Three./3. 43.Because young kids have thinner skin than adults./Because they have thinner skin than adults./Because their skin is thinner than adults’./Because young kids’ skin is thinner than adults’. 44.No./No, they can’t. 45.Their parents.
【导语】本文主要讲述了水安全对儿童的重要性,并给出了三条建议以确保儿童在家中和游泳池中的安全。
41.根据“Water safety for kids often happens at home and in the pool.”可知,儿童的水安全问题通常发生在家里和游泳池中。故填At home and in the pool.
42.根据“▲Be careful of hot water.”,“▲Watch out for danger in the bathroom.”和“▲Never let kids swim alone.”可知,文章共提到三个建议。故填Three./3.
43.根据“Young kids have thinner skin (皮肤) than adults, so it’s easier for them to be burnt.”可知,小孩子的皮肤比成年人更薄,因此他们更容易被烫伤。故填Because young kids have thinner skin than adults./Because they have thinner skin than adults./Because their skin is thinner than adults’./Because young kids’ skin is thinner than adults’.
44.根据“Parents can’t leave them alone in the bathrooms.”可知,父母不能让孩子独自待在浴室。故填No./No, they can’t.
45.根据“So kids should swim with their parents.”可知,孩子应该和父母一起游泳。故填Their parents.
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