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高一英语期末模拟卷（外研版2019，必修二~必修三）-2024-2025学年高中下学期期末卷
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
考生注意：
1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
3．测试范围：必修二~必修三（外研版 2019）。
4．难度系数：0.65。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．How will the man get to work today
A．By bus. B．By car. C．On foot.
2．Where is Paul right now
A．In a hotel. B．In his office. C．At home.
3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Mother and son. B．Friends. C．Father and daughter.
4．How will the speakers go to the cinema
A．By taxi. B．By car. C．By subway.
5．What do the speakers think about Jason
A．He is humorous. B．He is strong. C．He is shy.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Neighbors. B．Husband and wife. C．Colleagues.
7．What is the man most worried about
A．The frequent noise. B．The air pollution. C．The traffic jam.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．When did the man clean out his email
A．Last weekend. B．Yesterday. C．Today.
9．How many messages are left in the man’s email box
A．300. B．200. C．150.
10．What is the woman worried about
A．Missing important messages.
B．Taking time to organize messages.
C．Receiving advertisement messages.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．What will the speakers do on Saturday
A．Take some pictures. B．Go to the museum. C．Have a picnic.
12．What will the speakers do after having dinner with Frank and Nancy
A．Go to dance. B．See a film. C．Go home.
13．Why does the woman like London
A．People there are friendly. B．She likes the busy life there. C．There are some museums.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．Where does the woman do most of her paper
A．At home. B．In the classroom. C．In the library.
15．What does the woman’s paper mainly concern
A．Australian health care.
B．Australian population in 2033.
C．Australian birth and death rates.
16．What is the woman’s opinion about her paper
A．Practical. B．Satisfying. C．Time-wasting.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the National Park
A．To the north of the city.
B．To the south of the city.
C．To the east of the city.
18．Who does the speaker prefer to hike with
A．Close friends.
B．Park workers
C．Local villagers.
19．What are the listeners required to do
A．Share photos online.
B．Wear proper clothes.
C．Plant some flowers
20．Why does the speaker give the talk
A．To offer tips for the travel.
B．To inspire new tour guides.
C．To introduce a national park.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Club Information
Art
Our weekly life drawing sessions are a relaxing environment for your artistic ability to develop and meet other creative souls. No previous experience of art is required to join, because we believe art should be for all.
Meeting Time: Tuesdays 6 p.m.-8 p.m.
Learn more about us at art.soc@
Backstage
We are a group of students who like theatre very much. We provide both the basics of theatre and voluntary theatre services in The Riley Smith Theatre. Backstage isn’t just about the theatre, though.
We also run a trip once a year to a musical of our choice.
Meeting Time: Fridays 6 p.m.-8 p.m.
Learn more about us at backstage.soc@
Band
We exist to help bring together musicians of every genre(体裁). We aim to promote live music and help musicians find band mates. Please join the BandSoc group by pressing the blue Visit Group“button, which has all the latest updates and events. Please also consider buying membership to save a few pounds at events.
Meeting Time: Mondays 6 p.m.-8 p.m.
Learn more about us at band soc@
Anglo-Chinese
We are a culturally aware and diverse club devoted to promoting Chinese and British culture by creating a home away from home”. We aim to promote cultural exchange and meet amazing people.
Joining us is completely free. We welcome everyone to join us and participate in our activities.
Meeting Time: Thursdays 6 p.m.-8 p.m.
Learn more about us at anglochinese.soc@
21．Which website can you visit if you are interested in acting
A．art.soc@ B．backstage.soc@
C．band.soc@ D．anglochinese.soc@
22．How can you take part in Band events at a reduced price
A．Become a member. B．Join the Visit Group.
C．Bring a band mate. D．Book a ticket online.
23．Which club can you join to raise cross-cultural awareness
A．Art. B．Backstage. C．Band. D．Anglo-Chinese.
B
Born in Salford in 1966, Russell Watson is the UK’s bestselling classical crossover artist. He began his career in the working-class clubs of the northwest before getting a record deal and releasing The Voice, an album that held No.1 for an impressive 52 weeks.
At the age of 15, Watson’s room, though small, was filled with photos of Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, and Paul Weller. While he was deeply attached to music, football was his primary passion. His first guitar, which he saw in a shop window, cost 300 — a small fortune at the time. His family, with his mother as a stay-at-home parent and his father working at the factory, couldn’t afford it. Determined, Watson took on paper rounds and even washed cars during school holidays to save enough money. That guitar became his most treasured item, though he later sold it during tough financial times in the 2000s.
Watson’s big break came when his mother arranged his first performance in a local club. Although they were paid in custard creams and tea, it marked the beginning of his career.
Early performances were tough, and the audience wasn’t always receptive. However, Watson learned how to engage and connect with them, an experience that shaped him into a seasoned performer.
By 1999, he was recording in George Martin’s studio, and his classical crossover career took off, especially after teamwork with artists like Shaun Ryder. However, in 2003, health problems, including throat and vocal (声带) diseases, stopped his progress. Watson faced even more serious health challenges in 2005 when he suffered from brain tumours (肿瘤). In spite of this, he remained devoted, continuing to work on his album. Though told he wouldn’t perform like his younger self, Watson’s voice is now stronger than ever, and he remains grateful for the journey that has shaped him.
24．What do we know about Russell Watson according to paragraph 1
A．He was born in the US in 1966. B．His first album was a hit.
C．He set the highest sales record. D．He started the working-class club.
25．Why did Watson sell his first guitar
A．To give in to his father. B．To fund his first album.
C．To get a better instrument. D．To address financial struggles.
26．The underlined phrase “custard creams and tea” in paragraph 3 implies __.
A．humble income B．appropriate rewards
C．symbolic recognition D．professional contracts
27．What can we say about Watson from the text
A．He puts fame before health. B．He lacks musical devotion.
C．He has strong willpower. D．He relies only on natural talent.
C
Scientists inspired by the octopus’s (章鱼) nervous system have developed a robot that can decide how to move or grasp (抓紧) objects by sensing its environment. The team from the University of Bristol’s Faculty of Science and Engineering designed a simple yet smart robot which uses fluid flows of air or water to adjust suction (吸力) and movement as octopuses do with multiple arms.
The study, published today in the journal Science Robotics, shows how a soft robot can use suction flow not just to stick to things, but also to sense its environment and control its own actions—just like an octopus. A single suction system can make robot catch delicate (微小的) items, sense whether it’s touching air, water, or a rough surface, and even predict how hard something is pulling on it—all at once, without needing a central computer.
Lead author Tianqi Yue explained, “Last year, we developed an artificial suction cup that mimicked how octopuses stick to rocks using soft materials and water sealing. This research builds on that work, from using a suction cup like an octopus sucker to connect to objects to using ‘suction intelligence’.”
The robot operates on two levels: by combining suction flow with local fluidic circuits, soft robots can achieve octopus-like low-level intelligence, such as gently grasping fragile objects. By sensing the pressure response from a suction cup, robots can achieve high-level awareness, including discovery of contact, classification of environment and surface texture, and predicting interactive pulling forces.
This simple and low-cost suction intelligence could lead to a new generation of soft robots that are safer, smarter, and more energy-efficient. The team is currently working on making the system smaller and stronger for real-world use. They also aim to combine it with smart materials and AI to improve its ability to adapt and decision-making in complex environments.
28．How does the robot know how to move and hold an object
A．By judging fluid flow. B．By sensing the object’s size.
C．By following the given order. D．By sensing its surroundings.
29．What do the underlined words “mimicked” mean in paragraph 3
A．Copied. B．Figured. C．Respected. D．Decided.
30．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The robot’s reasons for popularity. B．The robot’s working principle.
C．The robot’s contribution to society. D．The robot’s specific function.
31．What robot do the researchers intend to invent
A．A smarter and more convenient one. B．A simple and effective one.
C．A smaller and practical one. D．A stronger and more complex one.
D
Have you ever stepped into a restaurant or shop and been greeted by a seated cat figure with its paw(爪子) up in the air These cats, known as maneki-neko, are found all around the world, but are native to Japan.
In Japanese, maneki means “beckoning”(招手示意) and neko means “cat”. Business owners place the cats in their shop entrances in the hope that the cats will bring in good luck, as well as paying customers. For this reason, English speakers often refer to them as “Lucky Cats” or “Welcoming Cats”.
To people from Western countries, the waving gesture looks like a “hello”, but in Japan and other Asian countries, an upright arm with fingers moving is a way to say, “Come here”. While the name maneki-neko implies this gesture, some historians believe the upright pa w shows that the cat is washing its face. This idea might have some truth in its gesture as an old Japanese belief says that a cat washing its face means a visitor is sure to arrive. An ancient Chinese tale supports this idea: “If a cat raises its pa w over the ears and washes its face, then clients will come.”
Whether a maneki-neko is washing its face or calling someone to approach, its paws indicate further clues to the fortune it might bring. When the right paw is raised, money is said to come, while the left pa w is believed to attract customers. The higher a cat’s paw is, the more fortune a cat is thought to bring.
Like Japan’s beloved Hello Kitty character, maneki-neko figures are modeled after a native cat called Japanese bobcats, known for their short tails. Because of an old tale, these cats have long been relevant to luck. According to the story, a monk(和尚) was sitting under a tree when his cat beckoned with his paw for the monk to come to him. Puzzled, the monk walked over to the cat. A large branch fell where the monk had just been seated.
32．Why do businessmen prefer placing a cat figure near the gate of shop
A．Because the cat means good fortune. B．Because the cat will pay customers’ bill.
C．Because the cat is more lovely than the dog. D．Because the cat is praised by English speakers.
33．What is the meaning of a cat putting the right pa w up
A．It implies washing its face. B．It waves goodbye to you.
C．It makes the client puzzled. D．It shows the road to wealth.
34．What can we learn about the maneki-neko figures
A．It has a long tail with luck. B．It is often seated under a tree.
C．It is based on native bobcats. D．It is more popular than Hello Kitty.
35．Which of the following is the best title of the text
A．A Cat and a Monk. B．A Cat with its Lucky Paws.
C．A Cat and its Friends Hello Kitty. D．A Cat with its Japanese Name.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
We just waved goodbye to this year's Mother's Day. 36 , but there are still things you might not know about Mother's Day.The founder fought back.
Although Julia Ward Howe first suggested a day for mothers, Anna Jarvis campaigned for a national day for moms, in memory of her own mother, Ann Jarvis, who had spent years working to provide resources for poor mothers in West Virginia. 37 , but within a few years, Jarvis became annoyed with how commercial the day had become and started a petition（请愿）to cancel the holiday.（That clearly didn't come to pass.）It is an active day on the phone lines.
38 . One study suggests that the more widespread use of cell phones has greatly increased the amount of contact adult children have with their mothers. So don't be lazy: your mom definitely expects to receive your call, and not just with a text message.
39
If you're thinking about taking your mom out to eat, you might want to consider which time of the day will have enough open tables. Mother's Day is the busiest day of the year for restaurants, with some 80 million adults dining out, which tops even Valentine's Day. Therefore, if you'd like to treat your mom to her favorite cuisine, go earlier on that day.
All in all, Mother's Day is set up to honor mothers' love and care for the family, so even a handmade card can show your appreciation. 40
A．Mother's Day became an official holiday in 1914
B．Their devotion deserves your attention and respect
C．Some of you may find that day not new to you at all
D．Some of you might have forgotten to send greetings
E．Many people honor more than one mother in their life
F．It is the busiest day of the year in the restaurant industry
G．Call volume in the US goes up 11 percent on Mother's Day
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分 30分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题 1分，满分15分)
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 41 , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I 42 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 43 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 45 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 46 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 48 of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 49 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 50 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 51 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 52 . These meals are always 53 by laughter and joy. Whatever 54 life in Italy might have, the problems are 55 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
41．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle
42．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened
43．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match
44．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised
45．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test
46．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed
47．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order
48．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties
49．A．ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth
50．A．costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale
51．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait
52．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for
53．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied
54．A．disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities
55．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified
第二节：语法填空 (10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched the Shenzhou XIX manned spaceship on Wednesday. The crew members are in good shape and the launch is 56 complete success.
Of the three astronauts, Wang Haoze, the only female space flight engineer in China currently, 57 (inspire) many Chinese netizens with her experiences and dedication since the launch. During her college years, she stood out 58 (academic), ranking at the top of her class.
Wang majored 59 power engineering at college, and focused on plasma detonation during her graduate studies. “From a rocket engine designer to a space flight engineer, my role has changed, 60 the initial spirit and mission of serving the country in space remains the same,” Wang said on Wednesday.
As an engineer, Wang previously had no flight experience, 61 (make) the aerospace physiology tests in the selection process particularly challenging. When Wang first tested on the centrifuge, the enormous load for just tens of seconds made breathing difficult. However, she was determined never to be the first one 62 (ring) the emergency bell.
The ten-minute rendezvous and docking operation was once a discouraging task for Wang. She learned from her fellow members and keeps a notebook to memorize the key points about rendezvous and docking mission. After nearly a thousand practices, Wang is now well 63 (equip) to finish each training exercise with excellent performance.
Wang’s 64 (persevere) and unyielding spirit have inspired many netizens, some of 65 commented that Wang is surely working hard and paying a lot of effort, with others saying that this is the embodiment that women do not lose to men.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66．假定你是李华，你校英文报正在组织“我最敬佩的科学家”的征文活动，请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：
1.概述我最敬佩的科学家；
2.他/她的杰出事迹；
3.我敬佩他/她的理由及他/她对我的影响.
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67．阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adler lived with his unemployed mother and a younger brother in a small house in Durango. Like other boys at his age, the golden-haired boy wanted to play with his friends and have fun, but fate had other plans. After observing what was happening in his house, the boy decided to do something for his family. He picked up his only toy, a ball, and left his house with a mission—to help his family.
Little Adler walked to the nearest store with his last toy in hand, hoping he could sell it. While the little boy was selling his toy at the street, a man with the TikTok name Ruben Cervantes spotted him. Curious, he approached Adler to see what happened to him.
With tears in his eyes the little one said, “I just want to sell my only toy, sir. Would you like it ” When Cervantes learned Adler was selling his toy to help his family, he asked, “How much is it ” Adler replied, “I don’t want money, sir I just want milk and bread for my family.”
At that moment, Cervantes was so moved While other children at his age were enjoying and living a carefree life, Adler was worrying about his home’s financial situation. Without hesitation, Cervantes took the ball from the boy, gave him a hug and said, “Don’t cry, my boy. I’ll keep your ball for now, hoping to play it with you one day.” Cervantes did buy milk and bread in exchange for his ball and sent him back home. The boy flashed a toothy smile and said, “Thank you so much, sir. I’m looking forward.”
Immediately Cervantes got home, he posted Adler’s story on TikTok. All the viewers were touched by his devotion to his family and expressed their willingness to help the poor family. For a month, piles of food and clothes were flooding into Cervantes’ home. Apparently, it’s time for him to pay a visit.
注意：
1.续写词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, there was a knock at the door.
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《高一英语期末模拟卷（外研版2019，必修二~必修三）-2024-2025学年高中下学期期末卷 》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B B A A A B A C B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A B C B B A A B A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A D B D A C D A B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 C A D C B C A G F B
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D B A D B C A C C B
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 A C D A B
1．B
【原文】M: Would you like a lift to the bus stop
W: No, thanks, it’s only five minutes walk there. By the way, why are you driving to work today
M: Oh, I overslept. I’ll be late if I take a bus.
2．B
【原文】M: Hello, Susan. This is Mike at the grand hotel. Is Paul at home
W: No, Mike, he is still working. He’ll be home for dinner.
3．B
【原文】W: Do you remember the time we played football together
M: Yes, I do. Our mums used to tell us we should have a break but we kept doing it.
W: Looking back, I still think it was interesting.
4．A
【原文】W: Mark, let’s go to the cinema.
M: I’d like to, but my car is being repaired now.
W: Why not go to the cinema by subway
M: The subway station is too far away. Let’s just take a taxi.
5．A
【原文】W: Should we ask Jason to come walking with us at the weekend
M: Why not I don’t think he is really the sporty type, but he is a great company. He always makes me laugh.
W: Yeah, things are never boring with Jason around.
6．A 7．B
【原文】W: Sorry to bother you. I’m cooking, but I’ve got no salt at home. So I’m coming to ask if...
M: Of course, wait a minute, here you are.
W: Thank you. What are you doing there Writing a new novel
M: No, I’m writing a letter to the government. You know, they are discussing a plan to build an airport here.
W: Yeah, I’m also worried about that. The noise, the traffic jams.
M: I’m not that worried about that. You know, we’ve got double windows in our rooms and we don’t drive. But the air here is already officially listed as poor quality. And it’ll get worse if the plan goes ahead.
8．A 9．C 10．B
【原文】W: There are 200 messages. It’s difficult to find something useful in my email box. It’s like yesterday when my room was so messy that I couldn't find any clothes to wear.
M: You should really do something to organize them. I had to clean out my email last weekend. I had 300 messages but now there are a half left.
W: What did you do to organize your messages
M: I put them into different groups. For example, one is for work messages and another is for family.
W: That’s a good idea, but it’s going to take me so long to look at all of these.
M: Try doing 20 a day. Many of them are probably advertisements anyway.
W: You’re right. I'll start on it today.
11．C 12．A 13．B
【原文】W: How about enjoying a picnic in the park this coming Saturday
M: That sounds like a perfect plan. We could also spend some time cycling around.
W: And afterwards, we have a dinner to attend.
M: Dinner What dinner
W: Have you already forgotten We’ve been invited to Frank and Nancy’s for dinner on Saturday evening.
M: Ah, I had forgotten. What time will we get home, do you think
W: Probably late. Mary wants to go out after dinner to a place where we can dance.
M: Then we’ll sleep all day on Sunday.
W: Oh, not all day. Don’t you have something special that you want to do on Sunday
M: We talked about going to that new movie.
W: Oh, yes! We can go in the evening. There are some new paintings in the museum that I want to take a look at in the afternoon.
M: It sounds like a full weekend.
W: Our weekends are always busy and active. But that’s why I like London-there is always so much to do.
14．C 15．B 16．B
【原文】M: Hello Janet, it is the fourth time I’ve seen you in the library this week. What are you busy with
W: I’m here all the week round doing my paper. It’s quiet here so I don’t do much at home or in the classroom and it is nearly completed.
M: Let me have a look at it. Well in what way do you think the Australian population will change in 2033
W: Well, the major reason for population change is the change in birth and death rates. Over the past 150 years, the improvement on Australian health care has led to a drop in the death rates. So I think in the year of 2033 the population in Australia will increase.
M: That makes sense. I know you must have done a lot of work on it.
W: Absolutely, I am sure it is a perfect paper.
17．A 18．A 19．B 20．A
【原文】The national park we will visit is located in the desert just north of our city. Like any hike of this nature, you should be prepared for the adventure in the desert. First hike with a partner for safety. I enjoy hiking with family members and close friends. Second, carry a cell phone with you. However, keep in mind that you might not get any signal in some places, so don’t depend on it. Third, be sure to have the right clothing and shoes or boots for the hike. Light, breathable clothing is the best during the summer, along with a hat and strong hiking shoes. Fourth, carry plenty of water. Having a few snacks can give you energy, too. Fifth, take a small first aid box with you, particularly on longer hikes in case you get injured. Sixth, pack a detailed map of the area you are hiking, along with a compass or a GPS to locate your position. And finally, take nothing home with you except pictures and memories. You can protect these areas by leaving all rocks, flowers and other objects for future visitors.
21．B 22．A 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个俱乐部的相关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据Backstage部分中“We are a group of students who like theatre very much. (我们是一群非常喜欢戏剧的学生。)”以及“Learn more about us at backstage.soc@(更多信息请访问backstage.soc@)”可知，如果学生对表演感兴趣可以访问backstage.soc@。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Band部分中“Please also consider buying membership to save a few pounds at events.(也请考虑购买会员资格，以便在活动中节省几英镑。)”可知，成为会员则可以省钱。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Anglo-Chinese部分中“We are a culturally aware and diverse club devoted to promoting Chinese and British culture by creating a home away from home”. We aim to promote cultural exchange and meet amazing people.(我们是一个具有文化意识和多元化的俱乐部，致力于通过创造一个家外之家来推广中国和英国文化。”我们的目标是促进文化交流，结识了不起的人。)”可知，你可以加入Anglo-Chinese社团来提高跨文化意识。故选D。
24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国古典跨界歌手Russell Watson的成长经历与职业生涯。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“He began his career in the working-class clubs of the northwest before getting a record deal and releasing The Voice, an album that held No.1 for an impressive 52 weeks.(他的职业生涯始于美国西北部的工人阶级俱乐部，后来他签下了一份唱片合约，发行了《好声音》（the Voice），这张专辑令人印象深刻地保持了52周的冠军宝座)”可知，这张专辑在榜一待了有52周，大概为12个月，是一张成功的唱片。故选B。
25． 细节理解题。根据第二段“That guitar became his most treasured item, though he later sold it during tough financial times in the 2000s.(那把吉他成了他最珍贵的物品，不过他后来在21世纪头十年的金融危机中卖掉了它)”可知，Watson卖掉他的第一把吉他是为了解决经济困难。故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据前文“Watson’s big break came when his mother arranged his first performance in a local club.(当他的母亲安排他在当地一家俱乐部的首次演出时，沃森迎来了重大突破)”可知，沃森在当地一家俱乐部的首次演出，再结合Although和“it marked the beginning of his career(但这标志着他职业生涯的开始)”可知，首次演出，收入一般不会高，所以应是尽管他的收入十分微薄，但这标志着他职业生涯的起点之意，推知custard creams and tea应是“收入微薄”的意思，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, in 2003, health problems, including throat and vocal (声带) diseases, stopped his progress. Watson faced even more serious health challenges in 2005 when he suffered from brain tumours (肿瘤). In spite of this, he remained devoted, continuing to work on his album. Though told he wouldn’t perform like his younger self, Watson’s voice is now stronger than ever, and he remains grateful for the journey that has shaped him.(然而，在2003年，健康问题，包括喉咙和声音疾病，阻止了他的进步。2005年，沃森患了脑瘤，面临着更严重的健康挑战。尽管如此，他仍然全身心投入，继续制作他的专辑。虽然被告知他不会像年轻时那样表演，但沃森现在的声音比以往任何时候都强大，他仍然感激这段塑造了他的旅程)”可知，Waston在病魔的折磨下，依然坚持创作，所以是有强大的意志力。故选C。
28．D 29．A 30．B 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍受章鱼神经系统启发研发的机器人，其通过感知环境调整动作，具备高低层级智能，团队正致力于优化其实用性。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists inspired by the octopus’s (章鱼) nervous system have developed a robot that can decide how to move or grasp (抓紧) objects by sensing its environment.(受章鱼神经系统启发，科学家们开发出一种机器人，它能通过感知环境来决定如何移动或抓取物体)”可知，机器人通过感知周围环境来知道如何移动和抓取物体。故选D。
29．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Last year, we developed an artificial suction cup that mimicked how octopuses stick to rocks using soft materials and water sealing.(去年，我们开发了一种人造吸盘，它mimicked章鱼使用柔软材料和水密封来粘附在岩石上的方式)”结合前文提到受章鱼神经系统启发研发机器人，可知这里是说人造吸盘模仿章鱼粘附在岩石上的方式。由此猜测，划线词意为“模仿”，与copy同义。故选A。
30．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The robot operates on two levels: by combining suction flow with local fluidic circuits, soft robots can achieve octopus-like low-level intelligence, such as gently grasping fragile objects. By sensing the pressure response from a suction cup, robots can achieve high-level awareness, including discovery of contact, classification of environment and surface texture, and predicting interactive pulling forces.(机器人在两个层面上运行：通过将吸气流与局部流体回路相结合，软机器人可以实现类似章鱼的低层次智能，比如轻轻抓取易碎物体。通过感知吸盘的压力反应，机器人可以实现高层次的感知，包括发现接触、对环境和表面纹理进行分类，以及预测相互作用力)”可知，该段主要介绍机器人的工作原理。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The team is currently working on making the system smaller and stronger for real-world use.(该团队目前正在努力使该系统更小、更强大，以便在现实世界中使用)”可知，研究人员想要发明更小且实用的机器人。故选C。
32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日式招财猫及其象征意义和起源。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Business owners place the cats in their shop entrances in the hope that the cats will bring in good luck(店主将猫放在店门口，希望猫能带来好运)”可知，商人喜欢在店门口放置猫像是因为猫象征好运。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“When the right paw is raised, money is said to come(当右爪举起时，据说钱就会到来)”可知，猫抬起右爪子表示招财。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“maneki-neko figures are modeled after a native cat called Japanese bobcats, known for their short tails（招财猫模型是基于一种叫日本短尾猫的本土猫，其特点是短尾）”可知，招财猫的形象是基于日本的本土猫种——短尾猫。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章内容以及第一段“Have you ever stepped into a restaurant or shop and been greeted by a seated cat figure with its paw(爪子) up in the air (你是否曾走进餐馆或商店，被一个抬起爪子的坐着的猫像迎接？)”可知，文章主要介绍了幸运猫的象征意义及其文化背景，标题“A Cat with its Lucky Paws（爪子象征好运的猫）”最能概括文章的主题。故选B。
36．C 37．A 38．G 39．F 40．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个关于母亲节鲜为人知的事实。
36．根据空后“but there are still things you might not know about Mother's Day(但是关于母亲节可能仍然有你不知道的事情)”中的转折连词but可知，空处应是讲关于了解母亲节的，C项“你们中的一些人可能发现那一天对你们来说一点也不陌生”符合语境，且C项中的“that day”指代“Mother's Day”。故选C项。
37．空后提到“but within a few years, Jarvis became annoyed with how commercial the day had become and started a petition（请愿）to cancel the holiday(但是几年后，Jarvis开始厌恶这个节日变得商业化，于是她发起了一个废除母亲节的请愿活动)”，是关于设立母亲节后发生的事情，由此可推断出，前文应是提到了母亲节的设立，A项“1914年母亲节成为一个官方节日”符合语境。故选A项。
38．本段的主题句是“It is an active day on the phone lines.(母亲节这天通话数量大增)”，G项“母亲节这天美国的电话呼叫数量上升11%”与主题一致，且空后一句“一项研究显示，手机的广泛使用大大增加了成年子女和母亲们的联系次数”是对G项的进一步说明，上下文衔接自然。故选G项。
39．本空是段落主题句，根据本段内容尤其是“Mother's Day is the busiest day of the year for restaurants(母亲节是餐厅一年中最忙碌的日子)”，F项“母亲节是餐饮业最忙碌的一天”切题。故选F项。
40．空前提到“母亲节是为赞扬母亲对家庭的关爱而设立的，所以即使一张手工制作的卡片也能表达你的感激”，B项“她们的付出值得你的关注和尊重”承接上文，符合语境；且B项中“Their devotion”呼应前一句中“mothers' love and care for the family”，故选B项。
41．D 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A. study学习；B. rent出租；C. visit游览；D. settle定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指作者是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume服装；B. dish菜肴；C. symbol符号；D. tale故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with忍受；B. stand up for支持；C. come up with想出；D. make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文“Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。
【点睛】
56．a 57．has inspired 58．academically 59．in 60．but 61．making 62．to ring 63．equipped 64．perseverance 65．whom
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。它详细介绍了中国女航天员王浩泽的个人背景、太空飞行经历以及她的个人品质和努力。同时，它也反映了中国航天事业的发展，以及航天员的辛勤付出和不懈努力。
56．考查冠词。句意：宇航员身体状况良好，发射取得了完全成功。此处success为泛指，且complete是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
57．考查时态。句意：在这三名宇航员中，王浩泽是目前中国唯一的女性航天工程师，自发射以来，她的经历和奉献激励了许多中国网民。根据时间状语since the launch可知，此处应该使用现在完成时态，主语Wang Haoze是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has inspired。
58．考查副词。句意：在大学期间，她在学业上表现突出，在班上名列前茅。此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词短语stood out，所以要填副词academically，意思是“在学术上”。故填academically。
59．考查介词。句意：王浩泽在大学期间主修动力工程，并在研究生期间专注于等离子体爆炸。major in是固定短语，意思是“主修”，故填in。
60．考查连词。句意：“从一名火箭发动机设计师到一名太空飞行工程师，我的角色发生了变化，但在太空为国家服务的最初精神和使命是不变的，”王浩泽在周三表示。“my role has changed”和“the initial spirit and mission of serving the country in space remains the same”之间为转折关系，所以此空需要填表示转折的并列连词but。故填but。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名工程师，王浩泽之前没有飞行经验，这使得选择过程中的航天生理测试特别具有挑战性。该空内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，非谓语动词make用现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填making。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她决心永远不做第一个按紧急铃的人。名词被序数词修饰，其后用动词不定式形式作后置定语，动词不定式“to ring”作后置定语，修饰“the first one”，表示“第一个做某事的人”。故填to ring。
63．考查形容词。句意：经过近千次的练习，王浩泽现在已经准备好以优异的成绩完成每一次训练。be equipped to do sth.是固定短语，意思是“有能力做某事”，故填equipped。
64．考查名词。句意：王浩泽的坚持和不屈精神激励了许多网友，一些人评论说王浩泽肯定很努力，付出了很多努力，还有人说这是女人不输给男人的体现。此空需要填名词perseverance，作主语。故填perseverance。
65．考查定语从句。句意：王浩泽的坚持和不屈精神激励了许多网友，一些人评论说王浩泽肯定很努力，付出了很多努力，还有人说这是女人不输给男人的体现。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“many netizens”，先行词指人，“of”是介词，其后需要跟关系代词“whom”来引导定语从句，指代“many netizens”。故填whom。
66．范文1
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Tu Youyou most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Tu Youyou is an excellent person. She has become the first female scientist of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world have had a greatly increased chance of survival and now about 200 million malaria patients have benefited from it.
So we should learn from Ms. Tu who is determined, devoted and selfless to make contributions to human health care in the world.
范文2
The scientist I admire most
For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country.
In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world.
So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不同的：different→various
观点：idea→view
优秀的：excellent→ outstanding
献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person.
拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone’s admiration.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. （运用了虚拟语气）
67． One day, there was a knock at the door. The little boy was totally astonished and happy when he opened the door becuase he never thought that the generous man would come to see him with piles of food and clothes. After hearing his explanation, the boy was very grateful for what he had done. With tears streaming down his face, he hugged Cervantes tightly. He also decided to distribute some food to other poor people to pass down this kindness. That day was the best day for Adler. Not only did he get enough food for his family, but also he realized that there was really good in the world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小男孩Adler想卖掉自己的玩具为家人换取牛奶和面包，他的举动感动了Ruben Cervantes，在给小男孩买了牛奶和面包后，Cervantes把小男孩的故事发布在社交媒体上，很快便获得了大量的食物和衣服捐赠的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句内容“一天，有人敲门。”可知，该段可描写Cervantes去小男孩家送物资及小男孩的反应。
2.续写线索：卖玩具换食物——感动——分享故事——获得捐助——送物资——感激
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.看望某人：see sb/visit sb
②.分配：distribute/allocate
③.获得：get/receive/gain
情绪类
①.开心：happy/joyful/cheerful/delighted
②.感谢：be grateful/showing one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The little boy was totally astonished and happy when he opened the door becuase he never thought that the generous man would come to see him with piles of food and clothes. （运用了when和because引导的状语从句及that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2].After hearing his explanation, the boy was very grateful for what he had done.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
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