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2025新人教版八年级英语上册Unit2单词讲解
A部分
1.Pack (动词) 打包、收拾
【用法讲解】 作动词时还可译为“塞满、挤满、强行塞入”；pack还可作名词，译为“背包、包裹、一群、一伙、纸盒”等。
Eg: She packed her clothes into the suitcase.
她把衣服装进箱子。
The shelves were packed with books.
书架上塞满了书。
The bus was so crowded that everyone had to pack in.
公交车太挤了，每个人都得挤进去。
He carried a heavy pack on his back.
他背着重背包。
There once lived a pack of wolves in this cave.
在这个洞里曾经住过一群狼。
I need to buy a pack of tissues.
我需要买一包纸巾。
【常见搭配】 pack up 打包
pack out 搬出去
Pack away 收起来
Pack down 压实
Pack with ... 挤满了...
Eg: We packed up our belongings and moved to a new apartment.
我们收拾行李搬到新公寓去。
We packed out the old furniture and brought in new ones.
我们把旧家具搬出去，换上了新的。
She packed away her winter clothes for the summer.
她把冬天的衣服收起来准备过夏天。
The workers packed down the soil to make it more solid.
工人们压实土壤使其更坚固。
The train was packed with commuters.
火车上挤满了通勤者。
【即学即用】
( )1. He only allowed two hours to ______ to us.
A.pack up B. pack out C. pack away D. pack down
答案：A
2.Bathroom (名词) 浴室、洗手间
【用法讲解】 bathroom为可数名词，其复数形式为bathrooms。
Eg: There are two bathrooms in the house.
房子里有两个浴室。
【知识拓展】 房间类英语单词总结
Bedroom 卧室； living room 客厅；
kitchen 厨房； bathroom 浴室；
Dining room 餐厅； study 书房；
balcony 阳台； laundry room 洗衣房
【即学即用】
1.How many _________ (bathroom) are there in this building
答案： bathrooms
3.Sort (动词) 把...分类、整理；(名词) 种类
【用法讲解】 sort作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为sorts。
Eg: Let’s try to sort out the mess
让我们来收拾一下残局吧。
What sort of school did you go to
你上的是哪一类学校？
【常见搭配】 a sort of ... 一种...
All sorts of ... 各种各样的
The sort of ... 那种、这种
Sort out 弄清楚、解决、整理、拣选
Sort into ... 把...分类
Sort through 仔细查找或筛选
Sort of ... 稍微、有点儿
Eg: His face assumed a sort of dreamy expression.
他脸上出现一种恍惚的表情。
The attic contains all sorts of antique furniture.
阁楼里有各式古董家具。
She’s the sort of person who always arrives early.
她是那种总会早到的人。
Sort out the documents by date.
按日期整理文件。
We need to sort out our differences.
我们需要化解分歧。
The librarian sorted the books into different genres.
图书管理员将书籍按不同体裁分类。
He spent hours sorting through old photos.
他花了好几个小时筛选旧照片。
The movie was sort of disappointing, but the special effects were impressive.
电影有点令人失望，但特效很惊艳。
【即学即用】
( )1. _______ these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please.
A.sort into B. sort through C. sort out D. sort of
2. 在营地有为孩子们组织的各种各样的活动。
There are ______ _______ ________ activities for kids at the campsite.
答案： 1. C 2. all sorts of
4.Bedroom (名词) 卧室
【用法讲解】 bedroom为可数名词，其复数形式为bedrooms。
Eg: This house has three bedrooms.
这所房子有三个卧室。
【即学即用】
1.There are three __________ (bedroom) in my house.
答案： bedrooms
5.Balcony (名词) 阳台
【用法讲解】 balcony为可数名词，其复数形式为balconies.
Eg: I’d like a room with a nice view and a balcony.
我想要一间视野好且有阳台的房间。
【即学即用】
1.From these high stone ________ (balcony) there was a splendid view of the river.
答案： balconies
6.Hang up 挂起、挂断电话
Eg: Please hang up your coat on the hook.
请把你的外套挂在钩子上。
I need to hang up now. I’ll call you back later.
我现在需要挂断电话了，我稍后再给你回电话。
【知识拓展】 hang用法总结
hang为动词，可译为“悬挂、处于某种状态中、绞刑”，译为“悬挂”时其过去式为hung；译为“绞死”时，其过去式为hanged。
Eg: The flag is hanging in the breeze.
旗帜中悬挂在微风中。
She hung around the office all day.
她整天都在办公室周围转悠。
They hanged the pirate. 他们把海盗吊死了。
【常见搭配】 hang on ... 挂在...上
Hang on 坚持、不气馁
hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛
Eg: Please hang your coat on the hook.
请把你的外套挂在钩子上。
My mother encouraged me to hang on.
母亲鼓励我坚持下去。
I hung out with my friends last night.
我昨晚和朋友们一起出去玩了。
【即学即用】
( )1. Hang ______ your dress please.
A.on B. up C. in D. out
答案： B
7.Invite (动词) 邀请
【常见搭配】 invite sb. to 地点 邀请某人去某地
Invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
Eg: He invited me to her home.
他邀请我去她家。
They invited her to go for a walk.
他们邀请她一起去散步。
【派生词】 invitation为名词，译为“邀请”。
Eg: I got an invitation from my best friend to her birthday party.
我收到我最好朋友生日派对的邀请。
【即学即用】
1.I have an open ________ (invite) to visit my friend in America.
2.She invited me _________ (have) dinner this evening.
答案： 1. invitation 2. to have
8.Living room 客厅
【用法讲解】 living room为可数名词，其复数形式为living rooms。
Eg: We need new carpeting in the living room.
我们的客厅里需要铺新地毯了。
【即学即用】
1.They are drinking tea in the ________ (live) room.
答案： living
9.Arrival (名词) 到达
【用法讲解】 arrival表示“到达”时为不可数名词，表示“到达者/到达事件”时为可数名词。
Eg: I’m waiting for the arrival of the news.
我在等待消息的到达。
There are several arrivals at the hotel.
旅馆里到了几个新客人。
【常见搭配】 on arrival 抵达时
Arrival time 到达时间
Upon arrival 一到
New arrival 新生事物/新品上市
Eg: On arrival, the passengers were greeted by customs official.
到达时，乘客被海关官员问候。
The time of arrival is scheduled for 8 pm.
到达事件被安排在下午8点。
Upon arrival, he was greeted by his friends.
一到达，他被朋友问候。
The store has received a new arrival of designer clothing.
这个商店收到了设计师新款服饰。
【派生词】 arrive为动词，译为“到达”。
Eg: The train arrived at the station at 6 pm. 火车在下午6点到达车站。
【即学即用】
1.Their early _________ (arrive) was just an accident.
答案： arrival
10.Yet (副词) (用于否定句和疑问句)还；(连词) 但是
【用法讲解】 yet在否定句中，译为“还没有、尚未”；yet在疑问句中，译为“是否已经”；yet用在肯定句中时，译为“然而、但是”。Yet常常用于现在完成时中，表示某事到目前为止尚未发生。
Eg: He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
他还没有完成作业。
Have you eaten yet
你已经吃过了吗？
She is young, yet she is very wise.
她很年轻，然而她非常聪明。
I haven’t heard from him yet.
我还没有收到他的消息。
【常见搭配】 not yet 还没有
Just yet 到现在为止
As yet 迄今为止
Not just yet 现在还不
Eg: The bus has not arrived yet.
公交车还没有到。
I can’t leave just yet.
我还不能走。
We’ve seen a lot, as yet there’s much more to explore.
我们已经看了很多，但还有更多要探索的。
I have not decided not just yet. 我还没有决定。
【即学即用】
( )1. Have the test results arrived _______
A.yet B. already C. still D. ever
答案： A
11.Add (动词) 添加、加
【用法讲解】 add作动词，也可译为“加法、补充”；add也可作名词，译为“添加物”。
Eg: Add tomato paste, salt and pepper to taste.
酌量添加番茄酱、盐和胡椒粉。
Please add 5 and 8 to get the sum.
请将5和8相加，得到总和。
【常见搭配】 add up 总计、加起来
Add to 增加
Add on 附加
Add sth. to sth. 把...加入
Eg: Can you add up the expenses for this month
你能把这个月的开支加起来吗？
The rain only added to the difficulties of the journey.
雨只会增加旅程的困难。
We decided to add on an extra day to our vacation.
我们决定在度假期间在增加一天。
Add sugar to coffee. 把糖加入咖啡里。
【派生词】 addition为名词，译为“增加、加法”；
additional为形容词，译为“附加的、额外的”。
Eg: In addition to the main course, we served additional desserts. 除了主菜，我们还提供了额外的甜点。
【即学即用】
1.-- Wow, that’s a nice collection of stamps.
-- Yes, but I still need a few to ______ the collection to make it perfect.
A.add to B. add up C. add up to D. add
答案： A
12.Go shopping 去购物
【用法讲解】 其同义词组为do some shopping。
Eg: I have to go shopping this afternoon.
= I have to do some shopping this afternoon.
我今天下午得去商店买东西。
【即学即用】
1.We often go shopping on weekends. (同义句转换)
We often ______ _______ ________ on weekends.
答案： do some shopping
13.Biscuit (名词) 饼干
【用法讲解】 biscuit为可数名词，其复数形式为biscuits。
Eg: He had some biscuits before the dinner.
晚饭前，他吃了一些饼干。
【即学即用】
1.You can buy all kinds of ________ (biscuit) in this shop.
答案： biscuits
14.Borrow (动词) 借
【常见搭配】 borrow ... from sb. 从某人那借
Borrow money 借钱
Borrow time 拖延时间
Borrow on credit 赊购
Borrow trouble 自寻烦恼
Eg: She borrowed a book from the library.
她从图书馆借了一本书。
He borrowed money from the bank.
他从银行贷款。
Delaying decisions is just borrowing time.
拖延决策只是缓兵之计。
They borrowed on credit to expand the business.
他们赊账以拓展业务。
Don’t borrow trouble by overthinking.
别杞人忧天。
【易混辨析】 lend与borrow区别
lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”；
borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。
【常见搭配】lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物
Eg: She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。
I borrowed a book from the library.
我从图书馆借了一本书。
【即学即用】
( )1. -- I’ve run out of money. Can I ______ some from you
-- Sorry, I don’t bring any with me.
A.lend B. borrow C. keep D. buy
答案： B
15.Plan (动词) 策划、打算； (名词) 计划、方案
【常见搭配】 make a plan 制定计划
Plan to do sth. 计划做某事
Eg: You should make a plan before you go there.
在你去那之前应该制定一个计划。
They plan to have a holiday in Beijing.
他们计划在北京度假。
【即学即用】
1.We plan ________ (visit) Beijing this summer holiday.
答案： to visit
16.Treasure (名词) 宝物、财富；(动词) 珍视
【用法讲解】 treasure为可数名词，表示具体的“珍品、珍宝”，其复数形式为treasures；treasure还可为不可数名词，表示抽象的“金银财宝、财富”；treasure作动词时，还可译为“铭记、珍惜”等。
Eg: This museum has many art treasures.
这家博物馆收藏了许多艺术珍品。
Knowledge is treasure.
知识就是财富。
He treasures the letters his grandmother sent him.
他珍藏着祖母寄给他的信。
I treasure up my father’s dying words.
我铭记父亲的遗言。
We treasure our friendship.
我们珍惜我们之间的友谊。
【常见搭配】 treasure chest 宝箱
Eg: The children opened the treasure chest and found gold coins inside.
孩子们打开宝箱，发现里面有金币。
【即学即用】
1.在他们眼中，生活就是一个充满了传奇的宝库。
They see life as a _______ _______ full of wonder.
答案： treasure chest
17.Hunt (名词) 搜寻、狩猎；(动词) 搜寻、打猎
Eg: The annual deer hunt is a tradition in our village.
每年一次的猎鹿活动是我们村的传统。
The couple had helped in the hunt for the toddlers.
这对夫妇曾帮着寻找那些蹒跚学步的孩子。
They are hunting deer in the forest.
他们正在森林里打猎鹿。
The police are hunting for the missing child.
警方正在寻找失踪的孩子。
【常见搭配】 Treasure hunt 寻宝游戏
Hunt for ... 寻找某物
Hunt down 追捕
Hunt out 找出某物
On the hunt for 在寻找中
Eg: The school organized a treasure hunt for the students to enjoy.
学校为学生们组织了一场寻宝游戏。
He is hunting for a new job.
他正在寻找一份新工作。
The police hunted down the criminal after a long chase.
警察经过长时间的追捕后找到了罪犯。
She hunted out an old photo album from the attic.
她从阁楼上找出一本旧相册。
He is on the hunt for a new apartment.
他正在寻找新的公寓。
【派生词】 hunter为名词，译为“猎人”。
Eg: The clever fox escaped the hunter.
聪明的狐狸逃脱了猎人的追踪。
【即学即用】
( )1. They were trying to _______ an escaped prisoner.
A.hunt for B. hunt out C. hunt on D. hunt down
2.The ________ (hunt) moved in to finish the animal off.
答案： 1. D 2. hunter
18.Lift (名词) 搭便车、电梯；(动词) 举起、抬起
【用法讲解】lift作动词还可译为“解除、使情绪高涨”。
Eg:He lifted the box onto the shelf.
他把箱子抬到了架子上。
The news lifted our spirits.
这个消息振奋了我们的精神。
Martial law has now been lifted.
戒严令现已解除。
【常见搭配】 take the lift to ... 坐电梯去...
Give sb. a lift 给某人搭便车
Lift up 升起、提起来
Lift one’s head 抬头
Lift one’s spirits 振奋精神
Lift one’s voice 提高嗓音
Take the lift to the tenth floor.
乘坐电梯到十楼。
She gave me a lift home in her car.
她开车把我送回了家。
I’m strong enough to lift up a big box.
我强壮得可以举起一个大箱子。
She lifted her head and looked at him.
她抬起头来看着他。
Try to lift your spirits. Everything will be better soon.
试着振作起来，一切都会好起来的。
The teacher had to lift her voice to get the students’ attention.
老师不得不提高音量才能引起学生的注意。
【即学即用】
1.你能顺便带我去商店吗？
Can you ______ ______ _____ ______ to the store
答案： give me a lift
B部分
1.Until (介词) 到...时、直到...为止
【用法讲解】 until通常用于描述一个动作或状态持续到某一特定时间点才结束。用于肯定句，表示持续到某一时间点；用于否定句中，与not连用，表示“直到...才”。
Eg: They talked until one o’clock in the morning.
他们一直谈到半夜一点钟。
He didn’t leave the office until he finished his work.
他完成工作才离开了办公室。
【易混辨析】 until与not... until区别
until表示某一动作或状态一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止；
Not... until表示动作在until短语所表示的时间之后才开始发生。
Eg: I will stay here until you come back.
我将待在这里直到你回来。
He didn’t leave the office until he finished his work.
他完成工作才离开了办公室。
【即学即用】
( )1. I watched the World Cup in a bar and I ______ home ______ 1:00 in the morning.
A.go; until B. didn’t go; until
C. went; until D. have gone; until
答案： B
2.Be careful with 注意、当心
Eg: You have to be careful with people you don’t know.
对不认识的人得当心。
【知识拓展】 careful为形容词，译为“小心的、仔细的、认真的”。
【常见搭配】 be careful of/ about sth. 当心...
Be careful to do sth. 小心做某事
Eg: Be careful of dog, it sometimes bites people.
当心那条狗，它有时候咬人。
You must be careful to avoid being caught.
你必须小心，不要被抓到。
【派生词】 carefully为副词，译为“认真地、仔细地”；
careless为形容词，译为“粗心的、马虎的”；
care为动词，译为“关心”。
Eg: He read the letter carefully.
他仔细阅读了那封信。
He is a careless driver.
他是一个粗心的司机。
I don't care that he’s late.
我不在乎他迟到。
【即学即用】
1.请小心保管好你的东西。
Please _______ ________ _______ your things.
2.If you look _______ (careful) you can just see our house from here.
答案：1. be careful with 2. carefully
3.Movie (名词) 电影
【用法讲解】 movie为可数名词，其复数形式为movies。
Eg: Have you watched the new movie that just came out
你看过新上映的电影了吗？
【常见搭配】 The movies 电影院、电影产业
Go to the movies 去看电影
Movie theater/ cinema 电影院
Eg: Life isn’t like in the movies, you know.
你知道，生活不像在电影里那样。
What’s on at the movies
电影院在上演什么片子？
Let’s go to the movies.
我们去看电影吧。
There are five movie theatre/ cinema in this town.
这个镇里有五座电影院。
【即学即用】
1.上周日我和朋友们一起去看电影了。
I ______ ______ ______ ______ with my friends last Sunday.
答案：went to the movies
4.Dead (形容词) 不运行的、死的
【用法讲解】 还可译为“麻木的、失去知觉的、没电的、死气沉沉的”等。
Eg: His father is dead.
他的爸爸已经去世了。
My arm had gone dead.
我的手臂麻木了。
The battery is dead.
电池没电了。
The town is dead after the mine has closed.
井矿关闭后，镇上一片死气沉沉。
【派生词】 die为动词，译为“死去、去世”。
【常见搭配】 die from 死于（外部原因）
Die of 死于（内部原因）
Die for ... 为...而死
Die out 灭绝
Die away 逐渐消失
Eg: He died from a heart attack.
他死于心脏病。
She died of cancer.
她死于癌症。
Many soldiers died for their country.
许多士兵为国捐躯。
Many species are dying out due to habitat loss.
许多物种因栖息地丧失而灭绝。
The sound of the waves died away as we waled further into the forest.
随着我们走进森林，海浪的声音逐渐消失了。
【易混辨析】 die、dead、dying、death区别
die为动词，译为“死亡”；
Dead为形容词，译为“已故的、死的”；
dying为形容词，译为“奄奄一息的”；
death为名词，译为“死亡”。
Eg: His father died last year.
他的父亲去年去世了。
The cat is dead.
猫死了。
A dying man is lying on the street.
一个奄奄一息的人躺在街上。
His mother’s death was a great shock to him.
他母亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击。
【即学即用】
1.They are still grieving for their _______ (die) child.
( )2. The old man died _______ heart trouble.
A.of B. from C. with D. by
答案： 1. dead 2. A
5.Note (名词) 笔记、记录、便条；(动词) 注意、指出
【用法讲解】 note为可数名词，其复数形式为notes。
【常见搭配】 take notes 记笔记
Make a note of sth. 把某事记下来
Leave a note 留一张便条
Eg: She often takes notes carefully in class.
她经常在课堂上认真记笔记。
He left a note on the fridge saying he would be home late.
他在冰箱上留了便条说他晚点回家。
The song started with a high note.
这首歌曲以高音开始。
He paid with a ten - pound note.
他用十英镑付款。
Please note that the office will be closed on Friday.
请注意周五这个办公室将关闭。
I shall make a note of your statement.
我们将把你的发言记录下来。
【即学即用】
1.今天下午开会你能做记录吗？
Can you _______ _______ at this afternoon’s meeting
答案： take notes
6.Clean up 清扫
Eg: I’m always having to clean up after the children.
孩子们离开以后，我总得打扫一番。
【知识拓展】 clean可为形容词，译为“干净的、无污染的”；clean还可为动词，译为“清除、整理”。
Eg: The room is clean.
房间是干净的。
Clean energy is better for the environment.
无污染能源对环境更好。
I need to clean the kitchen before dinner.
晚饭前我需要打扫厨房。
Let’s clean up this mess.
我们来收拾一下这个烂摊子。
【常见搭配】 clean out 彻底打扫、清空
Clean off 清理平面
Clean away 清理某个混乱的地方
Keep clean 保持清洁
Eg: She decided to clean out her closet and get rid of some old clothes.
她决定把衣柜腾空，扔掉一些旧衣服。
Clean off the table before you start working.
开始工作前先把桌子清理干净。
Clean away the mess before the inspection.
检查前清理干净。
You should keep your hands clean before eating.
吃饭前你应该把手洗干净。
【派生词】 cleanly为副词，译为“干净地”。
Eg: She cleans the window cleanly.
她干净地打扫窗户。
【即学即用】
1.你应该经常清理房间。
You should always ______ ______ the room.
答案： clean up
7.Community (名词) 社区、社团
【用法讲解】 community为可数名词，其复数形式为communities。
Eg: Our community organizes a lot of events for people to get to know each other.
我们社区为人们组织了很多活动，以便大家互相了解。
【即学即用】
1.The two _________ (community) are now on a collision course.
答案： communities
8.Rubbish (名词) 垃圾
【用法讲解】 rubbish为不可数名词；rubbish也可作动词，译为“贬低”；rubbish也可为形容词，译为“毫无价值的、技术差劲的”。
Eg: Don't leave rubbish on the floor.
不要把垃圾仍在地板上。
His book is full of rubbish.
他的书里全是废话。
He always rubbishes my ideas.
他总是贬低我的想法。
I’m rubbish at cooking.
我烹饪技术很差劲。
【常见搭配】 talk rubbish 胡说八道
Eg: Don’t talk rubbish. I’m being serious.
别瞎说，我在说正经的呢。
【即学即用】
1.The streets were littered with ________ (rubbish).
答案：rubbish
9.Almost (副词) 差不多、几乎
【用法讲解】 almost常位于行为动词前修饰动词；也可修饰形容词或副词，此时放在所修饰词前面；亦可与否定词not、never、none等连用，表示“几乎不”。
Eg: She almost missed the bus.
她差点错过了公交车。
It was almost perfect.
它几乎是完美的。
I almost didn’t recognize him.
我差点没认出他。
【常见搭配】 almost always 几乎总是
Almost never 几乎从不
Almost there 差不多到了
Almost impossible 几乎不可能
Almost immediately 几乎立刻
Eg: He is almost always on time.
他几乎总是准时。
I almost never eat fast food.
我几乎从不吃快餐。
We are almost there with the project.
我们的项目快完成了。
It’s almost impossible to find a parking spot here.
在这里几乎不可能找到停车位。
She responded almost immediately.
她几乎立刻回复了。
【易混辨析】 nearly和almost区别
nearly表示接近但未达到完成的程度；
Almost表示接近，但更强调接近完成的状态。
Eg: He very nearly died.
他差点死了。
He almost cried.
他差点哭出来。
【即学即用】
( )1. It is ______impossible to finish so much homework.
A.nearly B. about C. almost D. near
答案： C
10.Journey (名词) 旅行、历程；(动词) 旅行
【用法讲解】 journey为可数名词，其复数形式为journeys；还可作动词，译为“旅行”。
Eg: He planned a journey across Europe by train.
他计划乘火车穿越欧洲旅行。
They journeyed through the desert for weeks.
他进行为期几周穿越沙漠的旅行。
【常见搭配】 on the journey 在旅行中
Have a pleasant journey 一路顺风
Have a good journey 旅途愉快
Journey to 地点名词 旅行到某地
The journey of life 人生旅程
Eg: They are on a journey to discover new cultures.
他们在旅行中探索新的文化。
Journey to the West. 西游记
The journey of life is like a bus trip.
人的一生，像乘坐一辆公交车。
【易混辨析】 Journey, trip, travel与tour区别：
journey着重指“长距离的、陆上的旅行”
Trip 指“任何方式的短途旅行”
travel泛指旅行的过程，尤指出国旅行
tour常指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”
【即学即用】
( )1. It’s a long _______ from Beijing to Hainan.
A.journey B. trip C. travel D. tour
答案： A
11.Pull (动词) 拉、拖、拔
【用法讲解】 pull也可作名词，译为“拉力、牵引力”。
Eg: He pulled the door open.
他拉开了门。
The drawer pulls easily.
这个抽屉很容易拉开。
The pull of the tide is very strong.
潮水的拉力很强。
【常见搭配】 pull apart 分开、拉开
Pull at sth. 用力拉
Pull down 摧毁
Pull out 抽出、拔出
Pull over 停在路边
Pull through 度过难关、恢复健康
Pull together 齐心协力
Eg: The teacher pulled the two fighting boys apart.
老师把两个打架的男孩拉开了。
He pulled at the rope with all his strength.
他用尽全力拉绳子。
The storm pulled down several houses in the village.
暴风雨摧毁了村庄里的几所房子。
The dentist pulled out the bad tooth.
牙医拔掉了那颗坏牙。
The police officer asked the driver to pull over.
警察让司机靠边停车。
With the doctor’s help, he finally pulled through.
在医生的帮助下，他终于康复了。
We need to pull together to finish this project.
我们需要齐心协力完成这个项目。
【派生词】 push为动词，译为“推”。
Eg: He waded into the water to push the boat out.
他蹚进水里把船推出来。
【即学即用】
( )1. -- Oh, I had a terrible toothache!
-- You’d better go to see a dentist and have your tooth _______ out.
A.pull B. pulled C. push D. pushed
答案： B
12.Luggage (名词) 行李
【用法讲解】 luggage为不可数名词，表示“行李”的总称；luggage也可引申为“精神负担”等。
Eg: The airline lost my luggage.
航空公司弄丢了我的行李。
Luggage must be checked in at least two hours before departure.
行李必须在起飞前至少两小时办理托运。
【常见搭配】 a piece of luggage 一件行李
The contents of the luggage 行李里的东西
Luggage rack 行李架
Eg: Attach a label to each piece of luggage.
每件行李上都加上标签。
He put his bag on the luggage rack.
他把包放在行李架上。
【即学即用】
1.There is room for one more piece of _______ (luggage).
答案： luggage
13.Share sth. with sb. 把...与...分享
Eg: I am willing to share my experience with you.
我愿意与你分享我的经验。
【知识拓展】 share用法
share为动词，译为“分享、公用、分配、分担”；share也可作名词，译为“份额、股份”。
Eg: Can I share the umbrella with you
我可以和你公用一把伞吗？
Now let’s share the sweets.
现在让我们分糖果吧。
She always shares her mother’s troubles.
她总是帮妈妈分担忧愁。
Your share is 50 dollars.
你的份额是50美元。
Share price is increasing.
股价正在上升。
【即学即用】
1.我和我的朋友分享了我的想法。
I _______ my thoughts _______ my friends.
答案： shared; with
14.Familiar (形容词) 熟悉的
【用法讲解】 familiar作形容词，也可译为“随和的、常见的”；familiar也可为名词，译为“密友、熟人”。
Eg: I’m familiar with the city’s streets.
我熟悉这座城市的街道。
He spoke in a familiar tone with his old friends.
他与老朋友说话时语气很随和。
This problem is quite familiar in our industry.
这个问题在我们行业中很常见。
He is one of my familiars.
他是我的密友之一。
【常见搭配】 be familiar with ... 对...熟悉
Be familiar to ... 对...所熟知
Eg: Scientists must be familiar with the latest research data.
科学家必须熟悉最新研究数据。
These traditional customs are familiar to all villagers.
这些传统习俗为所有村民所熟知。
【派生词】 familiarize为动词，译为“使熟悉”；
Unfamiliar为形容词，译为“不熟悉的”；
familiarity为名词，译为“熟悉度、亲密感”。
Eg: You’ll need time to familiarize yourself with our procedures.
你需要时间熟悉我们的程序。
I was alone in an unfamiliar city.
我在一个陌生的城市里形单影只。
When she saw the house, she had a feeling of familiarity.
她见到这座房子就有一种熟悉感。
【即学即用】
1.到了这个时候，你应该熟悉了文章的内容。
By this time, you should ______ _______ ______ the text.
答案： be familiar with
15.Joke (名词) 笑话；(动词) 开玩笑
【用法讲解】 joke为可数名词，其复数形式为jokes。
Eg: He told a funny joke.
他讲了一个有趣的笑话。
She joked about her cooking skills.
她拿自己的厨艺开玩笑。
【常见搭配】 tell a joke 讲笑话
Play a joke on sb. 捉弄某人、开某人的玩笑
Make a joke about sth. 拿某事开玩笑
No joke 不是闹着玩的
Joke with sb. 与某人说笑
Eg: He likes to tell jokes at parties.
他喜欢在聚会上讲笑话。
They played a joke on him by hiding his keys.
他们藏起他的钥匙捉弄他。
He made a joke about the rainy weather to lighten the mood.
他拿雨天开玩笑来活跃气氛。
Climbing that mountain is no joke.
爬那座山可不是开玩笑的。
She often jokes with her colleagues during breaks.
她休息时常和同事们开玩笑。
【即学即用】
1.他经常告诫我不要和老年人开玩笑。
He often tells me not to ______ _____ ______ ______ the old people.
答案： play a joke on
16.Several (代词) 几个、一些；(形容词) 各自的
【用法讲解】 several后面即可接可数名词也可接不可数名词；也可以作代词指代已经提及的人或物。
Eg: I saw several birds in the garden.
我在花园里看到了几只鸟。
She has several pieces of advice for you.
她有几条建议给你。
I didn’t know which key to use, so I tried several.
我不知道用哪个钥匙，所以我试了好几个。
【常见搭配】 several + of + 限定词 + 名词复数
Several times 几次
Eg: Several of my friends don’t have cars.
我的几个朋友没有车。
I have tried to call her several times, but she didn’t answer.
我试着给她打了几次电话，但她没接。
【即学即用】
( )1. There are several ______ of books on the table in the classroom.
A.pair B. pairs C. piece D. pieces
答案： B
17.Nod (动词/名词) 点（头）
Eg: He nodded in agreement.
他点头表示同意。
He gave a nod of approval.
他点头表示赞成。
【常见搭配】 nod one’s head 点头
Nod off 打瞌睡、小睡
Give a nod to ... 点头示意
Eg: She nodded her head in understanding.
她点头表示理解。
He nodded off during the movie.
他在看电影时睡着了。
The teacher gave a nod to the student who raised his hand.
老师向举手的学生点了点头。
【即学即用】
1.当他建议去公园时她点头同意。
She ______ ______ ______ in agreement when he suggested going to the park.
答案： nodded her head
18.Writer (名词) 作者
【用法讲解】 writer为可数名词，其复数形式为writers。
Eg: Lu Xun is a famous writer.
鲁迅是一位非常著名从作家。
【派生词】 write为动词，译为“写、写作”；其过去式为wrote。
Eg: He is writing a novel.
他正在写一部小说。
【常见搭配】 write to sb. 给某人写信
Write down 写下、记下
Write off 注销、取消
Eg: She often writes to her parents.
她经常给父母写信。
Please write down your name and address.
请写下你的名字和地址。
The company decided to write off the losses from the failed project.
公司决定注销失败项目造成的损失。
【即学即用】
1.He is a ________ (write) first and a scientist second.
答案： writer
C部分
1.Text (名词) 正文、文本；(动词) （用手机给某人）发短信
【用法讲解】 text作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为texts，还可译为“短信”。
Eg: Please read the text carefully before answering the questions.
请在回答问题之前仔细阅读文本。
He sent me a text to cancel the meeting.
他给我发了一条短信来取消会议。
He texted his boss about the meeting.
他给老板发短信告知会议安排。
【派生词】 textbook为名词，译为“课本、教材”。
Eg: The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the subject.
教科书全面概述了这门学科。
【即学即用】
1.The ________ (text) were sung in the original Italian.
答案： texts
2.Describe (动词) 描述、形容
Eg: She described her experience in detail.
她详细描述了她的经历。
【常见搭配】 describe... as... 把...描述成...
Describe... to... 向某人描述某物
Describe in detail 详细描述
Eg: He described the movie as groundbreaking.
他将这部电影描述为开创性的。
Can you describe the suspect to the police
你能向警方描述嫌疑人吗？
The contract describes the responsibilities in detail.
合同详细描述了责任。
【派生词】 description为可数名词，译为“描述、叙述”，其复数形式为descriptions。
Eg: He gave a description of what he had seen.
他对他看到的进行了描述。
【即学即用】
1.The scenery is beautiful beyond __________ (describe).
( )2. She describes herself ______ an artist.
A.as B. to C. in D. of
答案： 1. description 2. A
3.Wherever (副词/连词) 无论去哪里、在任何地方
【用法讲解】 wherever作为连词时，引导让步状语从句，此时wherever后接完整句子；wherever作副词时，通常用来修饰动词或介词短语。
Eg: Wherever you decide to study, focus on your goals.
无论你决定在哪里学习，都要专注于你的目标。
Wherever we went, we found the people friendly.
无论你走到哪里，你都发现人们很友好。
Feel free to sit wherever. 请随意坐在哪里。
【即学即用】
( )1. ______ they appeared, they were welcomed with applause and flowers.
A.Whoever B. Wherever C. However D. Whenever
答案： B
4.Matter (动词) 要紧；(名词) 问题
【用法讲解】 matter为不可数名词，还可译为“物质、事情、重要性”等。
Eg: It doesn’t matter what you wear to the party.
你去派对穿什么不重要。
Water is a form of matter.
水是一种物质。
The matter at hand requires immediate attention.
眼前的事情需要立即处理。
Your opinion matters to me.
你的意见对我很重要。
【常见搭配】 It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
What's the matter with ... ...怎么了？
No matter 无论、不管
As a matter of fact 事实上
Eg: What’s the matter with you
你怎么了？
No matter what happens, I’ll always be here for you.
无论发生什么，我都会一直在这里支持你。
As a matter of fact, I have already finished it.
事实上，我已经完成了。
【即学即用】
1.无论发生什么，我都会支持你。
_______ _______ ______ happens, I will stand by you.
答案： No matter what
5.Perhaps (副词) 也许、可能
【用法讲解】 perhaps常位于句首或句尾，表示对某事进行不太确定的推测或表达委婉语气。
Eg: Perhaps it will rain tomorrow.
也许明天会下雨。
He will visit the museum with you next time, perhaps.
或许下次他会和你一起去参观博物馆。
Perhaps you would like to join us for lunch.
也许你愿意和我们一块去吃午饭。
【即学即用】
( )1. _____ you are right.
A.Perhaps B. May C. Must D. May be
答案： A
6.Plate (名词) 盘子、碟子
【用法讲解】 plate为可数名词，其复数形式为plates；plate也可为动词，译为“电镀或覆盖金属”。
Eg: She set the table with plates and cups.
她摆好盘子和杯子。
The ring was plated with gold.
戒指镀了金。
【常见搭配】 have a lot on one’s plate 忙碌
Eg: I have a lot on my plate these days.
最近我比较忙碌。
I can't take on more work, my plate is full.
我已经忙不过来了。
【即学即用】
1.These _______ (plate) in the shop are very nice, I want to buy some.
2.你看上去好累，最近到底在忙什么？
You look stressed, how much do you have ______ ______ _______ right now
答案： 1. plates 2. on your plate
7.Freshly (副词) 刚刚
【用法讲解】 freshly也可译为“精神饱满地、气息清新地”。
Eg: The cake was freshly baked.
蛋糕是刚烤好的。
The air smelled freshly of cut grass.
空气中弥漫着新割青草的清新气息。
He started the day with a freshly spirit.
他带着饱满的精神开启了一天。
【派生词】 fresh为形容词，译为“新鲜的、新进的、刚出现的”。
Eg: The plants look fresh after the rain.
雨后植物显得生机勃勃。
Let me write it down when it’s still fresh in my mind.
趁记忆犹新时记录下来。
He appeared fresh and clear - eyed.
他精神抖擞。
【即学即用】
1.She wore a _________ (fresh) laundered and starched white shirt.
答案： freshly
8.Smell (动词) 发臭、闻到；(名词) 气味、臭味
【用法讲解】 smell也可作系动词，译为“闻起来”，后面常接形容词。
Eg: I can smell the coffee brewing in the kitchen.
我能闻到厨房里煮咖啡的味道。
There is a strange smell in the air.
空气中有一种奇怪的味道。
The fish smells bad.
这条鱼闻起来坏了。
【常见搭配】 smell like + 形容词 闻起来像...
Have a sense of smell 有嗅觉
Eg: The bread smells like freshly baked bread.
这面包闻起来像刚烤出来的面包。
She has a very good sense of smell.
她的嗅觉非常好。
【即学即用】
1.The gas _________ terrible, and we can hardly bear the _______ (smell).
答案：smells; smell
9.Joy (名词) 喜悦、乐趣
【用法讲解】 joy在表示“喜悦、快乐”等抽象概念时为不可数名词；在表示“令人高兴的人或事”时为可数名词；joy也可为动词，译为“因...而高兴”。
Eg: The joy of winning the championship was indescribable.
赢得冠军的喜悦无法形容。
Reading is a great joy for him.
阅读是他的一大乐趣。
She joys in simple pleasures like sunset walks.
她沉醉在日落散步这样简单的喜悦。
【常见搭配】 full of joy 充满喜悦
The joy of ... ...的喜悦
Eg: Life here is full of joy.
这里的生活充满喜悦。
The children were playing in the snow, fully enjoying the joy of a snowy day.
孩子们在雪地里玩耍，尽情享受着雪天的乐趣。
【派生词】 joyful为形容词，译为“快乐的”；
joyous为形容词，译为“高兴的、令人愉快的”。
Eg: They danced in joyful manner.
他们以愉快的方式跳舞。
It was a joyous occasion, with everyone laughing and enjoying themselves.
这是一个喜庆的场合，每个人都笑着，玩得很开心。
【即学即用】
1.We’re a very ________ (joy) people, we’re very musical people and we love music.
答案： joyful
10.Apartment (名词) 房间、公寓套房
【用法讲解】 apartment为可数名词，其复数形式为apartments。
Eg: They live in the apartment above ours.
他们住在我们楼上的一套公寓里。
【即学即用】
1.These ____________ (apartment) are the last word in luxury.
答案： apartments
11.Block (名词) 大楼、街区、大块
【用法讲解】 block为可数名词，其复数形式为blocks；block也可为动词，译为“阻塞、妨碍”。
Eg: I live in the next block.
我住在下一个街区。
The children played with wooden blocks.
孩子们玩木制积木。
The snow blocked the road.
雪堵住了路。
His phone number has been blocked.
他的电话号码已被屏蔽。
【常见搭配】 block out 阻挡、排除干扰
Block up 堵塞
Go on the block 被拍卖、公开出售
Block off 封锁区域、隔离空间
On the block 在出售中
Eg: She used curtains to block out the sunlight.
她用窗帘遮挡阳光。
Leaves blocked up the drain.
树叶堵塞了下水道。
The rare painting went on the block at Sotheby’s.
这幅稀有画作在苏富比拍卖行被拍卖。
The police blocked off the crime scene.
警方封锁了犯罪现场。
That old house is on the block.
那座老房子正在出售。
【即学即用】
( )1. All they done was ________ the light.
A.blocked out B. blocked up C. blocked off D. blocked with
答案：A
12.Decorate (动词) 装饰、装潢
Eg: She decorated the room with flowers and candles.
她用鲜花和蜡烛装饰了房间。
【常见搭配】 decorate with ... 用...装饰
Decorate for... 为...而装饰
Eg: Decorate the cake with cherries and cream.
用樱桃和奶油装饰蛋糕。
They decorated for the party.
他们为了聚会而装饰。
【派生词】 decoration为名词，译为“装饰、装饰品”。
Eg: The child was attracted by the glitter of the Christmas tree decorations.
这孩子被圣诞树上闪闪发光的装饰品吸引住了。
【即学即用】
1.Art is not all about beauty or simple __________ (decorate).
答案： decoration
13.Cover (动词) 遮盖、包括；(名词) 遮盖物、封皮
【用法讲解】 cover作动词，还可译为“涉及、采访、代替、支付、走完一段路程”；cover也可作名词，译为“避难所”。
Eg: The table is covered with a white cloth.
桌子上覆盖着一块白布。
This book covers a wide range of topics.
这本书涵盖了广泛的主题。
The newspaper covered the event in detail.
报纸详细报道了这一事件。
He covered for me when I was away.
当我离开时，他代替了我的工作。
The insurance covers the cost of the repair.
保险足以支付修理费用。
The hike covered 10 miles.
这次徒步旅行走了10英里。
The book has a beautiful cover.
这本书有一个漂亮的封面。
The box has a plastic cover.
这个盒子有一个塑料盖子。
The forest provided a natural cover for the animals.
森林为动物们提供了一个天然的避难所。
【常见搭配】 from cover to cover 从头到尾阅读
Cover... with ... 用...盖...
Be covered with ... 被覆盖
Eg: I read the novel from cover to cover in one sitting.
我一口气从头到尾读完了这本小说。
She covered her eyes with her hands.
她用手盖住自己的眼睛。
The ground is covered with snow.
地面被大雪覆盖。
【即学即用】
( )1. -- May I have a talk with one of your sports reporters
-- Sorry, but all of them are out to _____ the main events of the day.
A.get B. find C. cover D. search
答案： C
14.Poster (名词) 海报
【用法讲解】 poster为可数名词，其复数形式为posters。
Eg: The concert poster caught my eye.
音乐会海报吸引了我的主意。
【常见搭配】 put up a poster 张贴海报
Eg: She put up posers all over the town to promote her book.
她在镇上到处张贴海报来宣传她的书。
【即学即用】
1.How many _________ (poster) are there in this shop
答案： posters
15.Scissors (名词) 剪刀
【用法讲解】scissors为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
【常见搭配】 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 （作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式）
Eg: These scissors are sharp.
这些剪刀很锋利。
A pair of scissors is on the table.
一把剪刀在桌子上。
【即学即用】
( )1. There are ___________ in the craft box.
A.three pair of scissor
B. three pairs of scissor
C. three pair of scissors
D. three pairs of scissors
答案： D
16.Glue (名词) 胶水； (动词) 粘贴
【用法讲解】 glue为不可数名词。
Eg: I used some glue to stick the photos onto the scrapbook.
我用了一些胶水把照片贴在剪贴簿上。
Glue the pieces of paper together to make a card.
把纸片粘在一起做成一张卡片。
【常见搭配】 glue... to ... 把...粘在...上
Be glued to ... 全神贯注于
Eg: Glue the fabric to the wall.
把这个布料粘在墙上。
She was glued to the TV.
她全神贯注于电视。
【即学即用】
1.Please pass me a bottle of ________ (glue).
答案： glue
17.Paper cutting 剪纸
【用法讲解】 paper - cutting在表示“艺术类别”时为不可数名词，在表示“剪纸作品”时为可数名词，其复数形式为paper-cuttings。
Eg: Paper cutting is a traditional folk art.
剪纸是一种传统民间艺术。
A piece of paper cutting
一张剪纸
Chinese paper - cuts
中国剪纸作品
【知识拓展】 paper用法
paper为不可数名词时，译为“纸”，常和a piece of连用构成“a piece of paper”译为“一张纸”
paper为可数名词时，常以复数形式papers出现，译为“试卷；论文”
Eg: I need a piece of paper.
我需要一张纸。
I had papers relating to the children which my wife and I had to sign.
我有一些关于孩子的文件需要我和妻子签字。
【即学即用】
1.Chinese paper cutting _______ (be) a unique art.
2.He spent the whole afternoon reading through the official ________ (paper).
答案：1. is 2. papers

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