2025年中考英语二轮复习专题01 名词(讲)课件(共55张PPT)

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2025年中考英语二轮复习专题01 名词(讲)课件(共55张PPT)

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(共55张PPT)
THE MUMBER OF NOUNS
By Liu Xin
名词的数
OUTLINE
什么是名词
07
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
POWER YOUR POINT
08
malesuada fames ac turpis egestas
apple
coffee
Mary
happiness
water
dog
Beijing
love
beautiful
is
bad
interesting
apple
coffee
Mary
happiness
water
dog
Beijing
名词:表示人、物、地点或抽象概念的词。



抽象概念


地点
apple
coffee
happiness water
dog
普通名词
Zhong Nanshan
Beijing
Disneyland
专有名词:人名,地点,江河湖海山等
物质名词
抽象名词
个体名词
集体名词
分类:
CATALOGUE
01 名词单复数变化规则
02 名词所有格
03 名词作定语
04 同义名词的辨析
技能高考名词考点有哪些?
There is a pig.
I have so much homework to do.
There are four pigs.
可数
不可数
可数名词单数变复数规则1:
一般情况,在词尾加-s
book ________
pen ________
student _________
dog _________
card _________
tree _________
books
pens
students
dogs
cards
trees
发音规则:1.清辅音+s,读/s/
2.浊辅音/元音+s,读/z/
3.d加s,读/dz/
4. t加s,读/ts/
规则变化
清清浊浊元浊
名词单数变复数规则2:
以x、sh、ch、s结尾加-es
bus _______
box _________
dish _______
watch ________
buses
boxes
dishes
watches
注意:stomachs
发音规则:
x、sh、ch、s后加-es
读/iz/
名词单数变复数规则3:
辅音+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es
city ________
strawberry _____________
cities
strawberries
boy______
key_______
boys
keys
发音规则:1.以辅音字母+y结尾,读/iz/
2. 以元音字母+y结尾,读/z/
名词单数变复数规则4:
以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为V,再加es
wife ________
wolf _________
leaf __________
wives
wolves
leaves
roof __________
belief__________
roofs
beliefs
发音规则:
以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加es,
读/iz/
口诀
妻子拿刀去追狼,
(wife, knife, wolf)
小偷看到心里慌,
(thief)
躲在架后保己命;
(shelf, self, life)
半片叶子来遮挡。
(half, leaf)
名词单数变复数规则5:
有生命的以o结尾,加-es
无生命的以o结尾,加-s
negro ________
hero _________
potato __________
tomato __________
negroes
heroes
potatoes
tomatoes
zoo ______
video________
zoos
videos
发音规则:
以o结尾的,加-s/-es,读/z/
口诀:
黑人英雄爱吃
土豆西红柿
man ________
woman ________
child _________
foot _________
tooth _________
mouse _________
men
women
children
feet
teeth
mice
deer ______
sheep ______
fish _______
不规则变化
deer
sheep
fish
鹿鱼羊单复同形
练一练:写出下列名词复数
orange _________
dish _________
chair _________
baby __________
toy ___________
thief ___________
photo __________
child ___________
bed ___________
oranges
dishes
chairs
babies
toys
thieves
photos
children
beds
例题1:
The_____ began to eat some green _____ of the trees.
deer; leaves
deer; leaf
deers; leaf
deer; leafs
A
想一想
lady driver ___________
flower shop _____________
man doctor ______________
woman teacher ________________
father-in-law _______________
lady drivers
flower shops
men doctors
women teachers
fathers-in-law
复合名词变复数
总结: 1.一般情况下,复合名词变复数,在词尾加-s
2. 含有man,woman的复合名词,都要变
3. 带连字符的,在主体名词后加-s
例题2:
Our school hires many
____________this year.
women teacher
woman teachers
women teachers
woman teacher
C
例题3:
He has three ______.
sister-in-law
sisters-in-law
sister-in-laws
sisters-in-laws
B
例题4:
The two ______ are all my____ .
men servant; son-in-laws
men servants; sons-in-laws
men servants; sons-in-law
man servant; son-in-laws
c
She is a Chinese
She is a Japanese
They are Japanese
They are Chinese
总结1:Chinese, Japanese, Swiss单复同形
CATALOGUE
He is an Englishman.
They are all Englishmen.
总结2:含有man,woman的民族变复数,变man—men; woman--women;
如:Englishman---Englishmen英国人
Frenchman---Frenchmen法国人
German---Germans德国人
He is an American.
They are both Americans.
总结3:含有-an的民族,变复数在词尾加-s.
如:Canadian---Canadians
Russian---Russians
Italian---Italians
中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,
英(Englishmen)法(Frenchmen)变,
其余-s加后面
口诀:
例题5:My class has some foreigners, including three
______ and ______.
German; Frenchman
Germans; Frenchmans
Germans; Frenchman
Germans; Frenchmen
D
一杯水?
不可数名词能量化吗?
a water
a cup of water
advice, weather, work, fun, information, homework
建议,天气,工作,乐趣,信息, 家庭作业
01.量化(确定)不可数名词的量词有:
a piece of 一块/片/条
a set of一套/副
a cup of一杯
a bowl of一碗
a glass of一杯
a piece of advice一条建议
a cup of tea 一杯茶
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
注意:two cups of milk
例题6:Please pass me ______.
two piece of paper
two pieces of paper
two piece of papers
two pieces of papers
B
例题7:I’ m thirsty, Would you please give me______.
two juice
two glasses juices
two glasses of juice
two glasses of juices
c
例题8:Whenever we’re in
trouble, he gives us some_____.
pieces of good advice
pieces of good advices
piece of good advice
piece of good advices
A
02.量化不可数名词的量词(大概)有:
much, (a)little
例:much advice/orange
例题:Would you like some more_____
No, thanks. I have had much.
A. banana B. bananas
C. orange D. oranges
C
orange
可数:橘子
不可数:橙汁
03.量化可数名词的量词有:
many, (a)few
例:many pianos/oranges
注意:some/a lot of可修饰可数/不可数
例:some advice/pianos
B
例题9:
My English teacher gave us_____ on how to learn English well.
A. some advices B. some advice
C. an advice D. a advice
04.有些名词=可数名/不可数名词
可数名词 不可数
glass 眼镜 玻璃
room 房间 空间
orange 橘子 橙汁
chicken 鸡 鸡肉
Their rooms(房间) don’t have enough room(空间)
例题9:All of the_____ are made of ____.
glass; glass
glass; glasses
glasses; glass
glasses; glasses
c
05.抽象名词具体化
1. The movie is a big success.
翻译:___________________.
2. He is a success.
翻译:___________________.
success(成功)
a success(一个成功的人/一件成功的事)
这部电影很成功。
他是一个成功的人。
名词所有格
主讲人:Liu Xin
目录
1
2
3
’s构成的所有格
双重所有格
of构成的所有格
1. ’s所有格
mother’s bag 妈妈的包
children’s clothes 童装
Mike’s room 麦克的房间
什么是’s所有格?
’s前面通常是“人”
意为“…的”
与人相关
(1)表示共有
(2)表示各自有
Mike and Tom’s room
麦克和汤姆共有的房间
Mike’s and Tom’s rooms
麦克和汤姆各自的房间
例题1:
____mother is a famous writer.
A.Jack and Mary’s
B.Jack’s and Mary
C.Jack’s and Mary’s
D.Jack and Mary
mother是单数,表示共有
A
例题2:
This is_____room. The twins like it
very much
A.Tom and Jack
B.Tom and Jack’s
C.Tom’s and Jack
D.Jack’s and Mary’s
room是单数,表示共有
B
与人相关
(3)表示家或工作场 所’s后的名词省略。
the doctor’s (shop)裁缝铺
my aunt’s (home) 我姑姑家
例题3:
---Where did you go last weekend
---______.
A.My aunt
B.My aunt’s homes
C.My anut’s
D.My aunt home
where询问地点
表示“家” , ’s后的名词可省
C
与物相关
(4)表示距离,时间,价格等
ten minutes’ walk 十分钟的路程
=a ten-minute walk
two weeks’ vacation 两周的假
=a two-week vacation
例题4(2018年技能高考题):
The park isn’t far away, and it’s just
a ten _______ walk.
A.minute
B.minute’s
C.minutes
D.minutes’
表“距离”在词尾加’s, 以s结尾,s’
D
2.of的所有格
the leg of the table桌子腿
the name of the song 歌的名字
什么是of所有格?
of 放在“物”的名词前
3.双重所有格
He is a friend of my father’s
他是我爸爸的一个朋友。
什么是双重所有格?
of+’s
为什么要有双重所有格?
表示“众多”中的一个
=one of…
He is a friend of mine
他是我的一个朋友。
双重所有格的构成:
(1)of+名词’s
(2)of+名词性物代(mine,ours,hers,his,theirs)
例题5:
He is a _______.
A.a student’s of my father
B.my father student
C.my father’s students
D.a student of my father’s
双重所有格构成:of+名词’s
D
例题6:
These letters were sent by_______ last week.
A.My father friends’
B.A friend of my father’s
C.My father friend
D.My father friend’s
双重所有格构成:of+名词’s
B
例题7:
Miss Smith is a friend of_______.
A.Jack’s sister’s
B.Jack’s sister
C.Jack sister’s
D.Jack sister
Jack’s sister杰克的妹妹,它的所有格形式在sister后加‘s
A
谢谢观看

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