资源简介

参考答案与精析
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
(新高考Ⅰ卷之真题衍生卷)
第一部分　第一节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的要求、时间等信息。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据GROUPS部分中的“Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form．”可知，五人的团体需要填写团体项目申请表。]
2．B　[细节理解题。根据AGE，SKILLS，WHAT TO BRING部分中的“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome．”可知，加入栖息地恢复小组有年龄限制。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据UPCOMING EVENTS部分表格最后一栏可知，1月29日星期日上午9：30至下午2：30会议地点是Coyote Ridge Trailhead。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dr．William Farber在兽医界使用针灸和其他非传统疗法治疗动物的经历。
4．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段Farber说的“I am ahead of my time．”可知，Farber觉得自己的治疗方法是走在时代前面的。选项A中“leads the times”对应原文“ahead of my time”。]
5．D　[段落大意题。根据第二段的内容：20年前，Farber用针灸治好了自己很严重的背痛，因此他决定在宠物身上尝试，可知，第二段主要叙述了Farber决定在宠物身上尝试针灸的原因。]
6．B　[推理判断题。第三段作者叙述了两个案例，分别是Leigh Tindale的狗Charlie在针灸治疗后病情缓解，以及Priscilla Dewing的马Nappy在按摩治疗后行动更自如，是为了证明整体医学(holistic medicine)所取得的效果。]
7．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time，and if the past is any indication，he may be right (Farber确信，随着时间的推移，整体医学将越来越受欢迎)”以及“Since 1982，membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700．(自1982年以来，美国整体兽医协会的会员已从30人增加到700多人。)”可知，作者利用数据来证明Farber的观点。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果。
8．D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text．(当实验者从提出简单的任务，比如识别阅读文章中的大意，转移到需要心理上活动的抽象任务，比如从文本中进行推理，印刷品阅读的好处尤其明显。)”可知，这里 “shine through” 的意思是“变得容易注意到”，即变得明显。]
9．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print．”可知，人们以适合社交媒体的心态处理数字文本，而社交媒体通常并不那么严肃，而且与阅读印刷品相比，人们投入的脑力更少，可以推断出读者更重视印刷品阅读。所以印刷品阅读的一个优点是更加被重视。]
10．A　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“However，psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories，they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces．”可知，心理学家已经证明，当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们会比听或看相同的文章记住更多的内容。]
11．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中没有的资源时。然而，为了最大限度地提高需要集中注意力和反思的学习，教育工作者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的，即使它们包含相同的词语。因而可以概括出作者给教育者的建议是：明智地运用多种教学资源。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，表明数字生物多样性的记录不够完美，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。
12．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect．(尽管它们有助于检测一个地区物种数量和种类的变化，但斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这种类型的记录并不完美。)”可知，斯坦福大学的研究认为，这些记录需要改进。]
13．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段尤其第三段“Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants，insects，birds，and animals，Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns．”可知，Daru和他的团队使用19亿份植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物记录的全球数据集，测试了观察的数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性模式。也就是说，Daru和他的团队的研究是在测试观察数据的准确性。]
14．C　[细节理解题。根据第五段得知：研究表明，大量观察数据是有偏见的，有利于某些地区、时间段和物种，因为通过移动设备获得生物多样性观测数据的人往往是记录他们附近地区的物种，这些数据也偏向于某些具有吸引力或引人注目特征的物种。概括地说，不恰当的采样方式造成了偏差。]
15．D　[段落大意题。根据最后一段Daru说生物多样性应用程序可以利用他们的研究结果告知用户过度采样的区域，并将他们带到采样不好的地方，甚至物种。为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认上传图像的身份。由此可知，在最后一段Daru重点谈论了对生物多样性应用程序的建议。]
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
16．A　[根据句子结构，设空处应填入一个从句，答案范围在选项A、E、F中；根据上下文可推断出，选项A符合这里的语境。句意：如果你想发表文章，提交一份完美、专业的原稿至关重要。]
17．C　[根据下文句子“It takes no account of the context．(它不考虑上下文。)”的主语是人称代词“It”，可以推断出，“It”指代前文中的某个事物。选项C“I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器)”和下文连贯，下文句子中的“It”指代选项C中的“spellchecker”。]
18．D　[根据下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical．It will also usually show how the word is pronounced．(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了词典的功能，D选项“Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling．(当然，词典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了词典的部分功能，D选项的内容可以和空格后面的内容构成一个递进的逻辑关系。]
19．F　[根据句子结构，此空应填入一个从句，答案范围在选项A、E、F中；此空上文“I don't often use this dictionary．(我不常用这本词典。)”与选项F“However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的起源或查找其用法的示例)”，和下文“there's nothing better(没有比这本词典更好的了)”语意连贯。]
20．G　[根据上文“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read．(但是读一本词典是一种乐趣。)”和选项G“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页可能是一次有益的经历)”，都是在说读词典带来的好处，选项G是对上文内容的进一步补充。]
第二部分　第一节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在不同阶段受到别人成就的激励而从事不同运动的经历，并通过两个主要事件展现了作者在面对挑战时的心态变化以及他对个人目标的反思和理解。通过这些经历，作者的内心逐步走向成熟。
21．C　[考查形容词。第一段“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life．(我一辈子都被别人的成就所影响。)”中的“motivated”为词汇复现。句意：当我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了一场马拉松比赛。这激励了我，使我开始定期跑步……]
22．A　[考查动词。根据下文可知，接着发生(happen)了两件事情。]
23．D　[考查名词。根据上文“she was training for a ‘super’， referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon(她正在为‘超级马拉松’，即52.4英里的双程马拉松进行训练)”可知，第二天作者进行了自己最长的跑步(run)——15英里。]
24．C　[考查短语。句意：老实说，我讨厌跑步！在这个让我的成就看起来很小的女孩和慢跑的纯粹无聊之间，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由是除非有一条大狗在追我！]
25．B　[考查形容词。根据上文推断出，那个女孩训练52.4英里的双程马拉松，而作者最长的跑步(run)距离只有15英里，这让作者的成就看起来很小(small)。]
26．D　[考查动词。根据上下文推断出，那个女孩让作者15英里的跑步的成就看起来很小，慢跑又很无聊，所以作者决定(decide)再也不跑步了，除非后面有一条大狗在追作者。]
27．C　[考查名词。根据下文“I got a good bike and rode a lot．．．cycle races”，cycle为词汇复现。句意：所以我开始骑自行车(cycling)。]
28．B　[考查动词。根据语境和常识推断出，作者买了一辆好自行车，经常骑，梦想参加(enter)自行车比赛。]
29．B　[考查短语。根据语境和常识推断出，有一天当姐姐在上班时，作者借了她的自行车去兜风。固定短语go for a ride意为“兜风”。]
30．A　[考查名词。根据下文“That day，I got passed by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who such roads．”可知，roads为词汇复现。句意：那里的道路(roads)穿过大山谷，我将在那里一次骑行数英里的上坡路。]
31．D　[考查动词。根据语境和常识推断出，那里的道路穿过大山谷，作者将在那里一次骑行数英里的上坡路，这对他来说是一个从来没有面对(face)过的挑战。]
32．A　[考查短语。根据上下文语境推断出，有一天，作者骑车去兜风，那里的道路穿过大山谷，要一次性骑行数英里的上坡路，作者从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。那天，作者被大约100名习惯(be used to)了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过。]
33．D　[考查副词。根据上下文语境和常识推断出，那天，作者被大约100名习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过，当作者回到家后，突然(suddenly)对骑自行车失去了兴趣。]
34．B　[考查动词。根据下文“that whatever goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own(无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的)”可推断出，作者在心理上变得成熟(mature)了。]
35．C　[考查动词。根据上下文语境和常识推断出，从那以后作者成熟了很多。句意：我开始接受(accept)这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定了什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。]
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近建造了一个名为“玻璃温室”的美丽建筑，展示了古丝绸之路是如何影响英国的园林艺术的。
36．that/which　[考查定语从句。此处关系代词that/which引导定语从句，修饰先行词garden，that/which在从句中作主语。]
37．protective　[考查词性转换。此处形容词protective和它后面的形容词functional都修饰名词structure。]
38．made　[考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构判断，这里用过去分词made作定语，修饰名词sepals。sepals和make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词made，表被动的含义。]
39．and　[考查连词。sunshine和fresh air为两个表达并列关系的宾语，用and连接。]
40．came　[考查时态。根据句子的时间状语for the first time(第一次)可知，这里用一般过去时。]
41．favourites　[考查名词复数。此处favourite是可数名词，表示“最喜欢的人或事物”，根据such as后面列举的植物“rosemary，lavender and fennel”可知，favourite应用复数形式。]
42．winding　[考查非谓语动词。动词 ing形式winding作定语，修饰path。wind与path之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词 ing形式。]
43．to see　[考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构判断，动词不定式to see作目的状语。]
44．achievement　[考查词性转换。形容词great修饰名词achievement。]
45．from　[考查介词。固定短语bring sth．from．．．to．．．意为“把某物从……带到……”。句意：玻璃温室是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，描绘出英格兰丰富的园艺。]
第三部分　第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Chris，
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday．
I chose to paint a landscape featuring a calm lake surrounded by vibrant flowers and solemn trees．The sunlight and the gentle breeze made the whole scene come to life．
It was incredibly inspiring to be surrounded by nature．I felt a sense of peace and relaxation while painting outdoors，which was a completely different experience from our traditional classroom setting．Overall，the exciting experience gives me a lot of fun．I really enjoy it and hope we can have more classes like this in the future．
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
【参考范文】
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news． He looked at me in disbelief，asking me what to do．Giving him another apologetic smile，I asked him for a delay in payment and promised to call him and pay him back the money I owed him．To my surprise，Gunter wrote down his phone number without hesitation and gave it to me．“Just keep your promise，sir．” A feeling of gratitude washed over me．I gave him a firm handshake，jumped out of the car and made a mad dash for the bus and jumped onto it just before it left．
Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．We met at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before．As soon as I saw him，I gave him a big hug．I told him that thanks to his kindness and timely help，everything had gone smoothly．I paid him for the ride，along with a generous tip，but he declined．Before we parted that day，Gunter fished out his little phone and smiled, “Let's take a picture together，my friend！” This photo is still on my desk today，which serves as a reminder of trusting others and offering kindness．Every time I think of that cold，wet evening，a warm current still flows through my body．
7/72024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
(新高考Ⅰ卷之真题衍生卷)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A篇
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge．We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal，winter planting，and seed collection．Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys．
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance．Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form．
AGE，SKILLS，WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome．Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15．
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form．Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed．
We'll be working rain or shine．Wear clothes that can get dirty．Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary．
Bring a personal water bottle，sunscreen，and lunch．
No experience necessary．Training and tools will be provided．Fulfills (满足) community service requirements．
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan．15　10：00 am－1：00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan．22　10：00 am－2：30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan．29　9：30 am－2：30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
(补偿题)1．What are groups of five required to do
[A]Join without any limit．
[B]Make survey research．
[C]Fill in a form．
[D]Bring a health certificate．
(姊妹题)2．Which of the following is needed for joining the Habitat Restoration Team
[A]Experience． [B]Age limit．
[C]Team uniform． [D]Personal tools．
(补偿题)3．On which day will volunteers meet in Coyote Ridge Trailhead
[A]Jan．8． [B]Jan．15．
[C]Jan．22． [D]Jan．29．
B篇
“I am not crazy，” says Dr．William Farber，shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit．“I am ahead of my time．” If he seems a little defensive，it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods．But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh．He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine—combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture，chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine．
Farber，a graduate of Colorado State University，started out as a more conventional veterinarian．He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain．He tried muscle relaxing drugs but found little relief．Then he tried acupuncture，an ancient Chinese practice，and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments．What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients．So，after studying the techniques for a couple of years，he began offering them to pets．
Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition．After Charlie had a heart attack，Tindale says，she was prepared to put him to sleep，but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months．And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse，Nappy，“moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment．
Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time，and if the past is any indication，he may be right：Since 1982，membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700．“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well，” he says．“I will do anything to help an animal．That's my job．”
(姊妹题)4．What does William Farber think of himself in practicing medicine
[A]He leads the times．
[B]He respects science．
[C]He prefers Chinese medicine．
[D]He is conventional．
(姊妹题)5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Farber
[A]Where he became well known to patients．
[B]When he suffered from terrible diseases．
[C]How he became an excellent veterinarian．
[D]Why he decided to try acupuncture on pets．
(子母题)6．Why does the author mention examples of a dog and a horse
[A]To illustrate the steps of a chiropractic treatment．
[B]To prove the effectiveness of holistic medicine．
[C]To introduce some unusual animal diseases．
[D]To show the complexity of a veterinarian's work．
(子母题)7．How does the author prove Farber's point in the last paragraph
[A]By making comparisons．
[B]By listing examples．
[C]By providing statistics．
[D]By giving logical reasoning．
C篇
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text onscreen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often “no”． The reasons relate to a variety of factors，including reduced concentration，an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content．
When reading texts of several hundred words or more，learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen．A large amount of research confirms this finding．The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text．
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties．With paper，there is a literal laying on of hands，along with the visual geography of distinct pages．People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page．
But equally important is the mental aspect．Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)．” According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print．
Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text，and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say，assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person．However，psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories，they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces．
Digital texts，audio and video all have educational roles，especially when providing resources not available in print．However，for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for，educators shouldn't assume all media are the same，even when they contain identical words．
(原卷题)8．What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean
[A]Seem unlikely to last．
[B]Seem hard to explain．
[C]Become ready to use．
[D]Become easy to notice．
(姊妹题)9．What is one advantage of print reading over digital reading
[A]It is beneficial to imagination．
[B]It is taken more seriously．
[C]It takes up less time for readers．
[D]It is more interesting．
(补偿题)10．How should adults learn more from news stories
[A]By reading． [B]By listening．
[C]By watching． [D]By writing．
(子母题)11．What suggestion does the author give to the educators in the last paragraph
[A]Produce more personal teaching materials．
[B]Improve concentration by digital content．
[C]Apply multiple teaching resources wisely．
[D]Reduce the use of print texts gradually．
D篇
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct，researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records．Today，most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos，videos，and other digital records．Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect．
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application，” said Barnabas Daru，who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences．“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本)，and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change，I wanted to know：Are they usable？”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants，insects，birds，and animals，Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns．
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data，like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it，” said Daru．
Their study revealed that the large number of observation only records did not lead to better global coverage．Moreover，these data are biased and favor certain regions，time periods，and species．This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby．These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye catching features．
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot，” Daru explained．“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well sampled．To improve the quality of observational data，biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image．”
(姊妹题)12．What does the Stanford study think of today's records of species
[A]They are of significance．
[B]They need improving．
[C]They are of various forms．
[D]They can help research．
(姊妹题)13．What is the purpose of Daru's study
[A]To test the accuracy of observational data．
[B]To find out global biodiversity patterns．
[C]To collect global data of different species．
[D]To investigate how global climate changes．
(子母题)14．What do the study results indicate
[A]Uploaded images are of poor quality．
[B]Data collection instruments are unreliable．
[C]Improper ways of sampling have caused the biases．
[D]Mistakes have occurred in data analysis．
(子母题)15．What does Daru focus on in the last paragraph
[A]Analysis of sampled areas．
[B]Quality of observational data．
[C]Training of citizen scientists．
[D]Suggestions for biodiversity apps．
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Not all great writers are great spellers．(补偿题) 16 ，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿)．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes．No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly．
I keep two reference books close by on my desk：dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典)．(姊妹题) 17 ．It takes no account of the context．Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers．I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus．
(原卷题) 18 ．It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical．It will also usually show how the word is pronounced．
In addition，I have an old two volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary，picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence．Of course，with its 2，672 pages，it's not exactly short．It contains around 163，000 words，plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases．I don't often use this dictionary．(补偿题) 19 ，there's nothing better．
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755．“To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work，” wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of “dull”．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read．(姊妹题) 20 ．
A．If you want to be published
B．But I still don't want to replace them
C．I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker
D．Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling
E．Though dictionaries don't always give you enough information
F．However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage
G．A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience
16．[A]　[B]　[C]　[D]　[E]　[F]　[G]
17．[A]　[B]　[C]　[D]　[E]　[F]　[G]
18．[A]　[B]　[C]　[D]　[E]　[F]　[G]
19．[A]　[B]　[C]　[D]　[E]　[F]　[G]
20．[A]　[B]　[C]　[D]　[E]　[F]　[G]
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life．
When I was a teenager，a neighborhood friend won a marathon race．Feeling 21 ，I started running regularly，but then two things 22 ．First，a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super”， referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon．Then，the next day I went on my longest 23 —15 miles． 24 ，I hated it! Between the girl making my achievement seem 25 and the pure boredom of jogging，I 26 that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I turned to 27 ．I got a good bike and rode a lot．I dreamed of 28 cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister．While she was at work one day，I borrowed her bike and 29 for a ride．The problem：The 30 there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time．I'd never 31 such challenges．That day，I got passed by about 100 “local” bikers who 32 such roads．When I got back home， 33 riding my bike didn't seem quite as appealing．
I've 34 a lot since then．I've come to 35 that whatever goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own．
(补偿题)21．[A]annoyed [B]shocked
[C]motivated [D]astonished
(姊妹题)22．[A]happened [B]mattered
[C]existed [D]crashed
(姊妹题)23．[A]walk [B]journey
[C]jump [D]run
(补偿题)24．[A]To start with [B]For instance
[C]To be honest [D]Worse still
(姊妹题)25．[A]notable [B]small
[C]unusual [D]tough
(补偿题)26．[A]hoped [B]approved
[C]dreamed [D]decided
(姊妹题)27．[A]traveling [B]climbing
[C]cycling [D]shooting
(补偿题)28．[A]holding [B]entering
[C]watching [D]organizing
(姊妹题)29．[A]sought [B]went
[C]searched [D]waited
(姊妹题)30．[A]roads [B]maps
[C]trips [D]adventures
(姊妹题)31．[A]passed [B]witnessed
[C]overcome [D]faced
(补偿题)32．[A]were used to [B]come up with
[C]broke away from [D]were interested in
(姊妹题)33．[A]normally [B]practically
[C]specially [D]suddenly
(原卷题)34．[A]traveled [B]matured
[C]missed [D]worried
(补偿题)35．[A]remember [B]agree
[C]accept [D]choose
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens．This beautiful structure，named Glasshouse，is at the centre of a new garden (补偿题)36． shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times．
The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this (姊妹题)37． (protect) functional structure that is also beautiful．The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” (补偿题)38． (make) of glass and aluminium(铝)．These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine (补偿题)39． fresh air．In cold weather，the structure stays closed to protect the plants．
Further，the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road，by which silk as well as many plant species (补偿题)40． (come) to Britain for the first time．These plants included modern Western (原卷题)41． (favourite) such as rosemary，lavender and fennel．The garden also contains a (补偿题)42． (wind) path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road．The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors (补偿题) 43． (see)，too．
The Glasshouse stands as a great (补偿题)44． (achieve) in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants (补偿题) 45． their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England．
36． 　37． 　38． 　39．
40． 41． 42． 43．
44． 45．
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(原卷题)假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
1．你完成的作品；
2．你的感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday．
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
(原卷题)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I met Gunter on a cold，wet and unforgettable evening in September．I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference．Due to a big storm，my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half．I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague．The moment I got off the plane，I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought．
That was when I met Gunter．I told him where I was going，but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station．I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused．When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend．After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century，Gunter put his phone down and started the car．
Finally，with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station．Thankfully，there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus．Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus，turned around，and looked at me with a big smile on his face．“We made it，” he said．
Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet．I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard．He tried it several times，but the card machine just did not play along．A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out．
At this moment，Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station．There，at the entrance，was a cash machine．I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the machine，and popped my card in，only to read the message：“Out of order．Sorry．”
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news．
Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised．
14/14

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