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初中语法总结12一般现在时和一般过去时
1.时态定义 时态是谓语动词通过自身变化来表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态的各种形式。英语中一共有十六种时态，初中阶段须重点掌握的有七种。
2.一般现在时
定义 一般现在时表示现在的状态、习惯性的动作或主语所具备的格和能力等。
时间标志词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, everyday, once a week, on Sundays...
动词形式(1)当动词是be时，第一人称用am。第二人称用is,其他人称用are.
(2)当动词是实义动词时，一般用动词原形，但如果主语是第三人称单数时，动词必须用第三人称单数形式，其变化规则如下:
一般情况,直接加s, helps makes gets
以s.x.ch,sh.o结尾的名词，直接加es, guesses fixes goes
以辅音字母加y结尾的名词 ,变y 为i再加es,flies cries tries studies
句型结构
肯定句 主语+be(am/is/are)+其他；主语+动词原形/三单+其它
否定句 主语+be+not+其他； 主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其它
一般疑问句 Be(am/is/are)+主 语+其他；Do/does+主语+动词原形+其它
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
基本用法
1.表示经常性的动作或状态。He goes to school on foot every day.
2.表示客观存在或普遍真理。The earth goes round the sun.
3.表示主语的特征或状态。Harbin is very cold in winter.
4.在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作或状态。If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go for an outing.
3.一般过去时
定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态
时间标志词 yesterday, last night/week/month, two days/months /years ago, just now, in+时间点...
动词形式
一般情况,直接加ed,want--wanted: play-played
以e结尾的动词,直接加ed hope--hoped: live--lived
以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped; shop-shopped
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加-ed study-studied;
worry-worried
句型结构
(1)含be的一般过去时的句式
肯定句 Our school trip was great last week.
否定句 Our school trip wasn't great last week.
一般疑问句 Was your school trip great last week
特殊疑问句 How was your school trip last week
(2)含实义动词的一般过去时的句式
肯定句 I watched TV last night.
否定句 I didn't watch TV last night.
一般疑问句 Did you watch TV last night
特殊疑问句 What did you do last night
基本用法
1.表示过去的动作或状态。She played volleyball with her friends yesterday.
2.表示过去习 惯性,经常性的动作或行为.He often came to help me with my maths.
3.用于since引导的从句，主句的谓语动词如果用现在完成时since引导的从句
一般要用一般过去时。You haven't changed much since we last met.
初中语法一般现在时练习
写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式
1.clean- 8.eat- 15.finish-
2.stay- 9.study- 16.take-
3.wash- 10.play- 17.swim-
5.do- 11.pay -- 18.sing-
4.watch- 12.fix- 19.buy-
6.make- 13.go- 20.visit-
7.live- 14.cook-
二、单项选择(30分)
( ) 1. Father usually ____ his newspaper after dinner.
A. read B. reads C.reading D.is reading
( )2. The Blacks often to the cinema on Saturday evenings.
A. go B. goes C. is going D. are going
( ) 3.Old Tom usually __up at six and__sports in the garden.
A.gets, dos B. gets, does C. get, does D. gets, do
( )4.The waiters___to work at five every morning.
A.start B. starts C. starting D. are starting
( )5.A hundred days __quite a long time.
A. is B.are C. have D. has
( )6. My mother__ noodles, but my father _____.
A. likes, doesn't B. don't like, do C. likes, didn't D. didn't like, do
( )7. The picture ___nice.
A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking()8. I often hear her _about the boy.
A. talking B. talk C. to talk D. talked
( )9. He's already a little weak in Chinese, _______he
A. is B. isn't C.has D. hasn't
( )10. Does she have a watch - Yes, she__
A. have B.do C. has D. does
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He always ______(want) to be a coach.
2. When ___you usually__(start) your class in the morning
3. My mum often __(work) from Monday to Saturday.
4. What _____ he usually___(do) after school
5. Peter ____(not have) any brothers.
6. There _____(be) seven days in a week.
7. David often ______(play) basketball on Sundays.
8. How_____he_____(get) to school every day
9.--- What__she like --- She is very kind.
10. I often _____(play) the piano on Saturdays.
初中语法 一般过去时练习
一、写出下列单词的过去式
1.go_ 8.stay___ 15.eat
2.clean__ 9.read___ 16.buy__
3.have___ 10.see___ 17.fall___
4.wash___ 11.drink__ 18.can__
5.watch___ 6.sleep___ 19.lick
12.fix 13.ride__ 20.laugh__
7.take___ 14.hurt_
二、单项选择
( )1. The mother asked the boy down the ladder, but he went on ___instead.
A. come; climbing B. to come; to climb
C. to come; climbing D.coming; climbing
( )2. The teacher asked the students to close the windows___the wind from _the papers away.
A. to stop; blowing B. stopping; blowing
C. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow
( )3. The sick man stayed in bed, very terrible.
A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling
( )4.Yesterday I heard a story _____by my friend.
A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell
( )5. The boy was made there for an hour by his father.
A. standing B. stand C. to stand D.stands
( )6. I saw him __ into the small store.
A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone
( )7. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room him clearly.
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
( )8.Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth __around the sun.
A. was moving B. moved C. has moved D. Moves
( )9. Oh, it's you. I'm sorry I_____know you___ here.
A. don't; are B. didn't; are C. didn't; were D. don't; were
( )10.Mr. LuXun died in 1936. He a lot of famous novels.
A.wrote B. was writing C.has written D would write
三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. He ___(fall) off his bike and ___(hurt) himself ... Saturday,
2. We____ fishing and ___a lot of pictures the day before yesterday.
3. Mike ___(clean) the room and ___(fix) a broken chair two days ago.
4. I didn't __(wash) my clothes yesterday afternoon.
5.My brother ____ (want) to _(play) football with his friends Last Thursday.
6. What ___ you do last night Did you ___TV at home
7. Did Zhang Peng and Wu Binbin _boating last week
8. Did she __(read) a book yesterday morning
9. Her cousin ___(help) her _____(find) a good bookstore yesterday.
10.We ____(go) camping and ______(ride) a horse last summer.

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