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2024-2025学年人教版（2012）八年级英语下册各单元短语及常考案例
单元 短语 注释 常考案例
Unit 1 What’s the matter have a cold 感冒 I have a cold and I don't feel well.（我感冒了，感觉不舒服。）
have a fever 发烧 The little boy has a fever, so his mother is very worried.（这个小男孩发烧了，所以他妈妈很担心。）
have a stomachache 胃痛 She ate too much ice cream and now she has a stomachache.（她吃了太多冰淇淋，现在胃痛。）
lie down 躺下 You should lie down and rest for a while.（你应该躺下休息一会儿。）
take one's temperature 量体温 The nurse took my temperature and said it was normal.（护士给我量了体温，说正常。）
take breaks (take a break) 休息 We should take breaks during the long study hours.（在长时间的学习过程中我们应该休息。）
get off 下车 The passengers got off the bus one by one.（乘客们一个接一个地下了公交车。）
to one's surprise 使…… 惊讶的；出乎…… 的意料 To my surprise, he passed the exam easily.（令我惊讶的是，他轻松通过了考试。）
right away 立即；马上 Please come here right away.（请马上来这里。）
get into trouble 陷入麻烦 Don't get into trouble with your classmates.（不要和同学陷入麻烦。）
be used to 习惯于……；适应于…… My grandfather is used to getting up early.（我爷爷习惯早起。）
take risks (take a risk) 冒险 He likes taking risks when he goes mountain climbing.（他去爬山时喜欢冒险。）
run out (of) 用尽；耗尽 We are running out of water. We need to buy some more.（我们的水快用完了，需要再买一些。）
cut off 切除 The doctor had to cut off his broken leg.（医生不得不切除他受伤的腿。）
get out of 离开；从…… 出来 It's difficult for him to get out of the bad habit.（对他来说改掉这个坏习惯很难。）
give up 放弃 Never give up your dreams.（永远不要放弃你的梦想。）
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks clean up 打扫 (或清除) 干净 We need to clean up the classroom before we leave.（我们离开前需要打扫教室。）
cheer up (使) 变得更高兴；振作 The good news cheered up everyone in the class.（这个好消息让班上每个人都振作起来。）
give out 分发；散发 The volunteers are giving out leaflets on the street.（志愿者们正在街上散发传单。）
come up with 想出；提出 Can you come up with a good idea to solve this problem （你能想出一个好主意来解决这个问题吗？）
put off 推迟 We have to put off the sports meeting because of the bad weather.（因为天气不好，我们不得不推迟运动会。）
put up 建造；举起；张贴 They put up a new building in our neighborhood.（他们在我们社区建了一座新楼。）Put up your hands if you know the answer.（如果你知道答案就举手。）We put up some posters on the wall.（我们在墙上张贴了一些海报。）
hand out 分发；散发；发给 The teacher handed out the test papers to the students.（老师把试卷发给学生们。）
call up 打电话；召集 I will call you up as soon as I get there.（我一到那里就给你打电话。）The general called up all the soldiers.（将军召集了所有士兵。）
care for 关心；照顾 We should care for the old people.（我们应该关心老人。）
give away 赠送；捐赠 She gave away all her old clothes to the poor.（她把所有旧衣服都捐给了穷人。）
take after (外貌或行为) 像 The little girl takes after her mother.（这个小女孩长得像她妈妈。）
fix up 修理；装饰 My father fixed up my bike.（我爸爸修好了我的自行车。）
set up 建立；设立 They set up a new company last year.（他们去年成立了一家新公司。）
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room do the dishes 洗餐具 It's your turn to do the dishes today.（今天轮到你洗碗了。）
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 Don't forget to take out the rubbish when you leave.（你离开时别忘了倒垃圾。）
fold one's clothes 叠衣服 She is folding her clothes in the bedroom.（她正在卧室叠衣服。）
sweep the floor 扫地 The students are sweeping the floor after class.（学生们课后正在扫地。）
make one's bed 整理床铺 I make my bed every morning.（我每天早上整理床铺。）
clean the living room 打扫客厅 Let's clean the living room together.（我们一起打扫客厅吧。）
go out for dinner 出去吃晚餐 We often go out for dinner on weekends.（我们周末经常出去吃晚餐。）
stay out late 在外面待到很晚 You shouldn't stay out late at night.（你晚上不应该在外面待到很晚。）
get a ride 搭便车 Can I get a ride with you （我能搭你的便车吗？）
work on 从事；忙于 He is working on his project.（他正在忙于他的项目。）
borrow... from... 从…… 借…… I borrowed a book from the library.（我从图书馆借了一本书。）
lend... to... 把…… 借给…… Could you lend your pen to me （你能把你的钢笔借给我吗？）
help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 Can you help me out with my math problems （你能帮我解决数学问题吗？）
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents look through 快速查看；浏览 He looked through the newspaper quickly.（他快速浏览了一下报纸。）
give back 归还 Please give back my book on time.（请按时归还我的书。）
argue with sb. 与某人争吵 Don't argue with your parents.（不要和你的父母争吵。）
hang out 闲逛 I like to hang out with my friends on weekends.（我喜欢周末和朋友们闲逛。）
get into a fight with sb. 与某人打架 He got into a fight with his classmate yesterday.（他昨天和同学打了一架。）
call sb. up 打电话给某人 I will call you up tonight.（我今晚会给你打电话。）
be good at 擅长 She is good at dancing.（她擅长跳舞。）
communicate with sb. 与某人交流 We should communicate with each other more.（我们应该多互相交流。）
big deal 重要的事 It's not a big deal. Don't worry about it.（这不是什么大事，别担心。）
compare... with... 比较；对比 Don't compare your child with others.（不要把你的孩子和别人比较。）
push sb. so hard 把某人逼得太紧 Parents shouldn't push their children so hard.（父母不应该把孩子逼得太紧。）
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came at the time of 在…… 的时候 What were you doing at the time of the accident （事故发生时你在做什么？）
go off (闹钟) 发出响声 The alarm clock went off at 6 o'clock this morning.（今天早上闹钟 6 点响了。）
pick up 接电话 I picked up the phone, but there was no one on the other end.（我接了电话，但另一端没人说话。）
fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 The little boy fell asleep quickly.（小男孩很快就睡着了。）
die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息 The wind died down at midnight.（风在午夜逐渐平息。）
wake up 醒来 I usually wake up at 7 o'clock in the morning.（我通常早上 7 点醒来。）
in a mess 乱七八糟 Your room is in a mess. Please clean it up.（你的房间乱七八糟，请打扫一下。）
clean up 打扫干净 We need to clean up the classroom after the party.（派对结束后我们需要打扫教室。）
take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 They are taking down the old building.（他们正在拆除那座旧楼。）Please take down the key points.（请记下要点。）
make one's way 前往；费力地前进 We made our way through the crowded street.（我们费力地穿过拥挤的街道。）
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains once upon a time 从前 Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess.（从前，有一位美丽的公主。）
fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 The prince fell in love with the girl at first sight.（王子对这个女孩一见钟情。）
get married 结婚 They got married last year.（他们去年结婚了。）
as soon as 一…… 就…… I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.（他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。）
turn... into... 把…… 变成…… The witch turned the prince into a frog.（女巫把王子变成了一只青蛙。）
give birth (to sb./sth.) 生孩子；产仔 The panda gave birth to a baby panda.（这只熊猫生了一只熊猫宝宝。）
stick to 坚持；坚守 We should stick to our dreams.（我们应该坚持我们的梦想。）
work on 从事；致力于 He is working on a new invention.（他正在致力于一项新发明。）
be made of 由…… 制成（能看出原材料） The desk is made of wood.（这张桌子是木头做的。）
be made from 由…… 制成（看不出原材料） Paper is made from wood.（纸是由木头制成的。）
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world as big as 和…… 一样大 This box is as big as that one.（这个盒子和那个一样大。）
one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 最…… 之一 The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in the world.（长城是世界上最著名的地方之一。）
feel free to do sth. 随意做某事 Feel free to ask me any questions.（随意问我任何问题。）
as far as I know 据我所知 As far as I know, he is a good student.（据我所知，他是个好学生。）
take in 吸入；吞入（体内） We should take in enough fresh air.（我们应该吸入足够的新鲜空气。）
in the face of 面对（问题、困难等） We should be brave in the face of difficulties.（我们在面对困难时应该勇敢。）
even though/if 即使；虽然 Even though it rains, we will still go to the park.（即使下雨，我们仍然会去公园。）
achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想 He worked hard to achieve his dream.（他努力工作以实现他的梦想。）
the forces of nature 自然界的力量 We should respect the forces of nature.（我们应该尊重自然界的力量。）
at birth 出生时 The baby weighed 3 kilograms at birth.（这个婴儿出生时重 3 千克。）
up to 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有；不多于 Up to 50 people can come to the party.（至多有 50 人能来参加派对。）
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet full of 满是…… 的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的 The box is full of books.（这个盒子里装满了书。）
hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事） Hurry up, or we will be late.（快点，否则我们会迟到。）
due to 由于；因为 The game was cancelled due to the bad weather.（由于天气不好，比赛取消了。）
grow up 长大；成熟；成长 I want to be a doctor when I grow up.（我长大后想成为一名医生。）
put down 放下；记下 Put down your pen and listen to me.（放下你的笔，听我讲。）Please put down what I said.（请记下我说的话。）
at least 至少 You should read at least 10 books a year.（你每年至少应该读 10 本书。）
belong to 属于 This book belongs to me.（这本书是我的。）
one another 互相 We should help one another.（我们应该互相帮助。）
be kind to 对…… 友好 We should be kind to animals.（我们应该对动物友好。）
ever since 自从 I have lived here ever since I was born.（自从我出生我就住在这里。）
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum have been to 曾经去过（已返回） I have been to Beijing twice.（我去过北京两次。）
have gone to 去了（未返回） He has gone to Shanghai. He will be back next week.（他去上海了，下周回来。）
on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面…… 另一方面…… On the one hand, I want to go out; on the other hand, I have a lot of work to do.（一方面我想出去，另一方面我有很多工作要做。）
all year round 全年 It's warm all year round in Hainan.（海南全年都很温暖。）
thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的 There are thousands of people in the park on weekends.（周末公园里有成千上万的人。）
in the dark 在黑暗中 Don't read in the dark. It's bad for your eyes.（不要在黑暗中看书，对你眼睛不好。）
wake up 叫醒；唤醒 Please wake me up at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.（请明天早上 7 点叫醒我。）
take a holiday 度假 We are going to take a holiday in the mountains.（我们打算去山里度假。）
three quarters 四分之三 Three quarters of the students in our class like English.（我们班四分之三的学生喜欢英语。）
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years. yard sale 庭院拍卖会 They had a yard sale to sell their old things.（他们举行了一场庭院拍卖会来卖旧物。）
board game 棋类游戏 We often play board games at home.（我们经常在家玩棋类游戏。）
clear out 清理；丢掉 We need to clear out the old clothes in the closet.（我们需要清理衣柜里的旧衣服。）
no longer 不再 He no longer lives here.（他不再住在这里了。）
as for 至于；关于 As for me, I like reading very much.（至于我，我非常喜欢阅读。）
to be honest 说实在的 To be honest, I don't like this movie.（说实在的，我不喜欢这部电影。）
part with 放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西） It's hard for her to part with her old toys.（对她来说放弃她的旧玩具很难。）
check out 察看；观察 Let's check out the new shop.（我们去看看那家新商店。）
a couple of 两个；一对；几个 I have a couple of friends in this city.（我在这个城市有几个朋友。）
search for 寻找；搜寻 They are searching for the lost keys.（他们正在寻找丢失的钥匙。）
at first 首先；最初 At first, I didn't like this place, but now I do.（最初我不喜欢这个地方，但现在喜欢了。）

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