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(共13张PPT)
Unit 3 Same or Different？
八年级
人教2025秋
上
语法讲解——形容词和副词比较级
一、定义：
形容词和副词的比较级是英语语法中用于比较两个人或事物之间性质、特征或动作程度差异的一种形式。通过比较级，我们能够清晰地表达出一方在某方面比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高。
在“Emma is taller than Ella.” 这句话中，“taller” 就是“tall” 的比较级，用于表明Emma 在身高方面比Ella 更具优势，即Emma 比Ella 高。这体现了比较级在描述两者差异时的作用，让信息传达更加准确和具体。
二、形容词、副词比较级的构成：
规则变化：
（一）一般情况下，直接在形容词或副词后直接+er。
如：“tall”（高的）变为“taller”（更高的）
“fast”（快地）变为“faster”（更快地）
（二）以不发音的-e 结尾的单词，直接+r。
如：“nice”（好的）变为“nicer”（更好的）
“late”（晚的）变为“later”（更晚的）
（三）以“辅音字母+ y” 结尾的单词，变y 为i，再+er。
如：“happy”（开心的）变为“happier”（更开心的）
“early”（早地）变为“earlier”（更早地）
（四）以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再+er 。
如：“big”（大的）变为“bigger”（更大的）
“hot”（热的）变为“hotter”（更热的）
“thin”（瘦的）变为“thinner”（更瘦的）
“fat”（肥的）变为“fatter”（更肥的）
（五）部分双音节和多音节单词，在前面+ more 。
如：“outgoing”（外向的）变为“more outgoing”（更外向的）
“beautiful”（美丽的）变为“more beautiful”（更美丽的）
“seriously”（严肃地）变为 “more seriously”（更严肃地）
不规则变化：有一些形容词和副词的比较级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。
如：“good /well”（好的/ 好地）的比较级是“better”（更好的“bad /badly/ill”（坏的/ 坏地）的比较级是“worse”（更坏的）
“many /much”（许多）的比较级是“more”（更多的）“little”（少的）的比较级是“less”（更少的）
“far”（远的）的比较级有“farther”（更远的，侧重于距离）和“further”（更远的，更侧重于程度）
“old”（年长的）的比较级形式包括“older”（更年长的）和“elder”（更年长的，更侧重于辈分或顺序）
三、形容词、副词比较级的用法：
（一）两者之间的比较：比较级最常见的用法就是用于比较两个人或事物在某方面的差异，基本结构为 “A + be 动词 / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B”。
在描述身高差异时，“Emma is taller than Ella.”（Emma 比 Ella 高。）
描述学习努力程度时，“Chen Jie works harder than Peter.”（陈杰比彼得学习更努力。）
描述动作表现时，“Ella dances better than Emma.”（艾拉跳舞比艾玛好。）
（二）两者之间选择：which/who is+比较级，A or B
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth
哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球
Which is better, the red dress or the black dress
那条裙子更好，红色的还是黑色的
（三） 两者之间较......之一：the+比较级
He is the thinner of the two.
他是两人中较瘦的那个
（四）越来越…比较级+and+比较级：多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more+原级
The weather is becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷了。
She is becoming more and more beautiful.她变得越来越美了。
（五）越…越…：the+比较级，the+比较级
The more careful you are, the more points you will get.
你越细心，得分越多。
The more you read, the more you know.
你书读得越多，你就知道越多。
（六）修饰比较级：为了更准确地表达比较的程度，可以用一些词或短语来修饰比较级。 常见的有“much”（…… 得多）、“a little”（一点儿）、“even”（甚至）、“far”（远，…… 得多）等
“My father is much busier than my mother.”
（我爸爸比我妈妈忙得多。） ；
“I am a little shorter than my sister.”
（我比我妹妹矮一点儿。）
“It's even colder today than yesterday.”
（今天比昨天甚至更冷。）
四、同级比较：表示两者在某方面程度相同时，使用“as + 形容词/ 副词原级+ as” 结构，意为“和…… 一样” ；
“Julie is as slim as me.”
（朱莉和我一样苗条。）
其否定形式“not as/so + 形容词/ 副词原级+ as”，表示“不如……” 。“I am not as serious as my cousin.”
（我没有我表哥那么严肃。）
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 形容词和副词比较级
语法巩固练习及答案
一、单项选择
1.My sister is_______than me. She likes talking with others.
A.outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing
2.—Is Tom_______than Sam
—No, he isn't. Tom is as______as Sam.
A.tall; tall B. taller; tall C. taller; taller
3.The story is______than that one. I like it very much.
A.interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting
4.My brother runs________than me.
A.fast B. faster C. fastest
5.—Who is_______, Lucy or Lily —Lucy.
A.quiet B. quieter C. the quietest
6.The weather in Beijing is much_______than that in Guangzhou in winter.
A.cold B. colder C. the coldest
7.He studies_______than before.
A.hard B. harder C. hardest
8.This book is_______than that one.
A.expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive
9.My mother is_______than my father.
A.busy B. busier C. the busiest
10.—Is your sister______than you
—Yes, she is. She can always make new friends easily.
A.friendly B. friendlier C. the friendliest
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.My brother is_______(tall) than me.
2.This book is______(interesting) than that one. She runs______(fast) than her sister.
3.My mother is______(busy) than my father. He is______(outgoing) than his brother.
4.The weather today is______(good) than yesterday. My sister studies______(hard) than me.
5.This bag is______(heavy) than that one. Tom is______(funny) than his cousin.
6.My English teacher is______(popular) than my math teacher.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.我的姐姐比我更外向。
My sister is_______than me.
2.他比我跑得快。
He runs_______than me.
3.这本书比那本书更有趣。
This book is_________than that one.
4.她的头发比我的长。
Her hair is________than_________.
5.我比我的朋友更擅长英语。
I'm________English than my friend.
6.这个城市的污染比那个城市更严重。
The pollution in this city is____________that in that city.
7.他做作业比我认真。
He does his homework________than me.
8.她唱歌比她妹妹响亮。
She sings__________than her sister.
9.今天比昨天冷得多。
It's________today than yesterday.
10.他比我高一点。
He is________taller than me.
四、阅读理解
I have two good friends, Gina and Mary. Gina is 1.65 meters tall. Mary is 1.60 meters tall. So Gina is taller than Mary. Gina is 50 kilograms. Mary is 45 kilograms. So Mary is thinner than Gina. Gina likes reading books. She reads more books than Mary. But Mary likes sports. She plays basketball better than Gina. Gina is more outgoing. She likes to make friends with different people. Mary is a little shy. She has fewer
friends than Gina. But they are both good students. Gina is good at math. Mary does well in English. They often help each other.
1.Who is taller, Gina or Mary
A.Gina. B. Mary. C. They are the same.
2.How much does Mary weigh
A.50 kilograms. B. 45 kilograms. C. 60 kilograms.
3.What does Gina like doing
A.Playing sports.
B. Reading books.
C. Making friends.
4.Why does Mary have fewer friends than Gina
A.Because she is taller.
B. Because she is thinner.
C. Because she is a little shy.
5.hat subject is Mary good at
A.Math. B. English. C. Chinese.
五、写作
以“My Friend and I” 为题，写一篇短文，比较你和你的朋友在外表、性格、爱好等方面的相同点和不同点。要求：80 词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
一、单项选择
1.B。根据“than” 可知用比较级，“outgoing” 的比较级是“more outgoing”。
2.B。第一空根据“than” 用比较级“taller”；第二空“as...as” 中间用原级“tall”。
3.B。“than” 前用比较级，“interesting” 是多音节词，比较级加“more”。
4.B。“than” 前用副词“fast” 的比较级“faster”。
5.B。“Lucy or Lily” 两者比较用比较级“quieter”。
6.B。“than” 前用“cold” 的比较级“colder”。
7.B。“than” 前用“hard” 的比较级“harder”。
8.B。“than” 前用“expensive” 的比较级“more expensive”。
9.B。“than” 前用“busy” 的比较级“busier”。
10.B。“than” 前用“friendly” 的比较级“friendlier”。
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.taller 2.more interesting 3.faster 4.busier 5.more outgoing 6.better 7.harder 8.heavier 9.funnier 10.more popular
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.more outgoing 2.faster 3.more interesting 4.longer; mine 5.better at
6.more serious than 7.more carefully 8.louder 9.much colder 10.a little
四、阅读理解
A。文中提到“Gina is taller than Mary.”，所以Gina 更高。
B。“Mary is 45 kilograms.” 表明Mary 重 45 千克。
B。“Gina likes reading books.” 说明Gina 喜欢读书。
C。“Mary is a little shy. She has fewer friends than Gina.” 可知是因为Mary 有点害羞。
B。“Mary does well in English.” 可知Mary 擅长英语。
五、写作
My Friend and I
I have a good friend named Lily. We are similar in some ways, but also different in others.
We both like sports. We often play basketball together after school. It's a lot of fun. However, we look different. I'm taller and thinner than her. And I have shorter hair.
In terms of personality, I'm more outgoing. I like to talk to people and make new friends. Lily is a bit quieter. She is more careful and patient.
When it comes to hobbies, I love reading. I can learn a lot from books. Lily likes painting. She can draw beautiful pictures.
Although we have differences, we respect each other and always have a great time together.
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