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2025年上海市虹口英语二模试卷参考答案
语法部分：
1. had expected 2. not understanding 3. that 4. After 5. in
6. was thrown 7. to share 8. convinced 9. as 10. the
词汇部分：11. I 12. C 13. J 14. E 15. D 16. G 17. B 18. K 19. H 20. F
完型填空：21-35: CACAB BDDAC CDBAA
阅读理解：36-39: ADBD 40-42: CBD 43-46: ABDD
选句填空：47-50: BDCF
概要写作：
51. Increased mental health awareness has led to over-pathologizing, causing some students to label normal struggles as disorders. Schools sometimes allow these students to avoid what scares them, leaving their anxiety unresolved. Schools should encourage those students to brave fears while ensure only those truly in need receive specialized assistance. (49词)
评分细则
A 在满足3分要求的情况下，还能进一步准确概括以下三点中的任意两方面： (1) Some young people label normal struggles as disorders. (2) Schools leave some students’ anxiety unresolved. (3) Schools should encourage those students to brave fears 或while ensure only those truly in need receive specialized assistance
B 在满足3分要求的情况下，还能进一步准确概括以下三点中的任意一方面： (1) Some young people label normal struggles as disorders. (2) Schools leave some students’ anxiety unresolved. (3) Schools should encourage those students to brave fears 或while ensure only those truly in need receive specialized assistance
C 涵盖以下三点，表述可以多样： (1) 过度关注心理健康导致了病理化负面情绪，学生也受到影响。 (2) 学校面对这些学生往往选择让步和妥协。 (3) 学校应该根据对学生情况提供合适的帮助。
D 只涵盖3分要求的中的任意两点
E 只涵盖3分要求的中的任意一点
翻译部分：
52. 请问地球绕太阳公转如何影响昼夜长短的变化？(orbit)
How does the Earth’s orbit around the Sun affect (the changes in) the length of day and
1’ 1’ 1’
night
(注：How does … affect … 疑问句结构为1分)
53. 民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。（tendency）
There is a growing tendency to integrate traditional customs with/into new technologies
1’ 1.5’
in a folk celebration ceremony.
0.5’
Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs
0.5’ 1’ 1.5’
with new technologies.
54. 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It)
It is worth noting/mentioning that the career consultation area is packed with visitors,
1’ 1.5’
and becomes/making it one of the most dynamic/lively sections of the event.
1.5’
55. 上海是一座依水而兴的城市，江河湖海相伴相依，并提供众多与城市地标相关的特色娱乐体验。(surround)
As a city that grows/develops by/on water, Shanghai is surrounded by rivers, lakes, and seas,
1’ 1.5’
offering a wide range of distinctive entertainment experiences associated with/linked to its
1.5’ 1’
landmarks.2025年上海市虹口英语二模试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上。
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Reverse Culture Shock Is Real
Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality. The initial shock wasn’t in the customs or language differences I (1) _____ (expect) abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S.
In Denmark and the other countries I visited, (2) _____ (not understand) every word around me became strangely comforting. There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation, not being subjected to endless chatter. What struck me deeply was (3) _____ English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of.
Then came the noise. (4) _____ I had gotten used to the peacefulness, New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds. Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always (5) _____ a rush to fill the air with sound. It felt disturbing, especially when I (6) _____ (throw) into chaos after months of peace.
The hardest part wasn’t just adjusting to the noise, but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return. I longed (7) _____ (share), but it felt like no one really understood. Only my fellow study-abroad friends could relate, and their sympathy was a comfort.
The biggest change, though, was internal. I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery (心胸外科手术), (8) _____ (convince) that medical school was my calling. Yet, living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective. Now, I’m researching global health. Life, (9) _____ it happens, has a way of changing direction when you least expect it. Sometimes, the best opportunities come from saying yes to (10) _____ unexpected, from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Ancient Books Hold Many Clues
At the National Museum of Classic Books in Beijing, players participate in an immersive (沉浸式的) puzzle-solving game as part of the exhibition. This game, Ancient Book Restorer — Hundred Cities Book, allows players to employ guidebooks to investigate ancient texts and search for hidden clues.
The game begins by scanning a QR code (二维码) found on the guidebook, 11 players to the game’s WeChat mini-program, where they are given the mission to uncover hidden truths within displayed items. Players complete puzzles using clues 12 in ancient objects and rare books.
One of the first puzzles involves a version of Shan Hai Jing (Classic of Mountains and Seas), the earliest known edition from 1180 during the Song Dynasty. Players must understand the geographic distances between mountains in the text and use a specifically 13 paper ruler with relevant information printed on it to find the answer.
Feng Wanwen, a player, enjoyed using the ruler to find the clues. She emphasized the importance of understanding the text and correctly 14 the ruler to solve the puzzle.
With 83 15 in total, more than 20 provide clues to the game. By reading, analyzing, and using ancient texts and maps, players are 16 through the game. The game encourages players to engage with the displays and 17 examine their educational content.
Puzzle enthusiasts can reserve their spot on the museum’s WeChat account. The game offers two versions: a single-player, where players explore the mysterious 18 of Shan Hai Jing’s pages at midnight, and a three-player version, which involves elements of competition and cooperation.
Since its launch, the game has become popular among puzzle enthusiasts and traditional culture fans, with 19 often sold out within minutes. The game is part of the “Shanhaishe” IP, a virtual community for ancient book protection 20 by the museum, aiming to connect players with cultural heritage (遗产) and inspire them to protect ancient knowledge.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Superhuman artificial intelligence is already among us, well, sort of. When it comes to playing games like chess or solving difficult scientific challenges, computers are well ahead of us. But we have one superpower they aren’t even close to 21 : mind reading.
Humans have an ability to work out the goals, desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can 22 other people’s actions and the consequences of our own. Reading minds comes so 23 to us, though, that we often don’t think to spell out what we want. If AIs are to become truly 24 in everyday life—in the case of self-driving cars, to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball—they need to establish similar abilities.
The trouble is that doing so is far harder than training a chess grandmaster, for it involves dealing with the uncertainties of human behaviour and requires flexible thinking, which AIs have typically 25 . But recent developments, including a game-playing AI that learned to cooperate with humans and AIs that can succeed at hide-and-seek, show that 26 smart machines aren’t a pipe dream. 27 , thinking about others could be a step towards a grander goal—AI with self-awareness. “If we want robots, or AI in general, to truly 28 into our lives, then we have to figure this out,” says Hod Lipson at Columbia University, New York.
Psychologists refer to the ability to 29 another’s mental state as theory of mind. In humans, this capacity starts to develop at a very 30 age: by 9 months, babies understand that people’s actions are linked to their goals; between 18 months and 2 years, they start to 31 that each person’s goals can be different because we have unique desires. 32 , by the age of about 5, humans have a fairly advanced ability to guess what others are thinking.
How to 33 these capabilities in machines is far from clear, though. Part of the problem is that what we describe as theory of mind is, in fact, not just one thing, but a large collection of abilities. At the simpler end of it is the capacity to understand the 34 behind actions, while at the other extreme is the kind of complicated social skills you get in a Jane Austen novel.
It is important to remember, though, that the effort to teach machines theory of mind is a 35 on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building machines that can truly experience feelings. Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But perhaps, along the way, we will learn something about ourselves too.
21. A. abusing B. enhancing C. mastering D. transforming
22. A. anticipate B. control C. defend D. support
23. A. lively B. rarely C. naturally D. unexpectedly
24. A. useful B. modern C. delicate D. real
25. A. contested with B. struggled with C. engaged with D. disagreed with
26. A. financially B. socially C. physically D. culturally
27. A. For example B. On the contrary C. In summary D. What’s more
28. A. bump B. inquire C. translate D. integrate
29. A. infer B. alter C. interrupt D. document
30. A. different B. present C. young D. average
31. A. deny B. forget C. grasp D. ignore
32. A. Regrettably B. Distressingly C. Hopefully D. Remarkably
33. A. examine B. reproduce C. expand D. restore
34. A. motivations B. consequences C. problems D. conflicts
35. A. stepping stone B. turning point C. road block D. dead end
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
It’s eight o’clock on Christmas morning, and dad says he wants to listen to the news. My 11-year-old self is wondering why on Earth grown-ups would be interested in the news when there are important things to be done, such as handing out presents. And then, while I am only half-listening to the radio broadcast, something unusual happens: the boring newsreader begins talking about a Christmas message. Hadn’t we heard that report earlier
My older brother, Colin, figures out what’s happening. “Pete, Pete, it’s a tape recorder! We’ve got our tape recorder!”
It finally dawns on me: my dad recorded the news and is playing it back now.
I think it’s quite rare to experience real excitement over a present, but for me this was one of those rare moments. Colin and I had both been blind from birth. Now, in the late 1950s, exciting consumer goods were coming within reach of the not-so rich. At the special boarding school that Colin and I attended, a recorder of your own was the height of joy. However, Colin—better informed and more realistic about family finances than I was—had no real expectations of getting one. I realised, much later, that a tape recorder would have cost more than four times dad’s weekly wage.
The new toy, the size of a small suitcase, dominated the rest of the Christmas holidays. Once we had mastered the controls, we recorded anything and everything: each other, our parents, the milkman, the dog... and we very quickly learned how much fun we could have with it. For the first time, in the same way that a sighted child might react to seeing themselves in a mirror or a photograph, I got the sense of myself as a separate person who existed outside my head and was experienced by other people. It was both exciting and embarrassing.
I took my first steps down the path to my career as a broadcaster when I returned to school after the holidays. I was lucky to be in a class of imaginative and creative boys crazy for recorders, and it wasn’t long before we started to make our own radio programmes. I would wander round the school with my microphone, recording my thoughts in the style of the voices I heard on the radio.
Ten years later, I drew on the confidence gained from those early involvement in sound and walked into a radio station, in the hopes of selling myself as a broadcast journalist. Twenty-five years later, I presented my first report for BBC TV’s Six O’Clock News, a programme my dad had never missed. Although by then he’d been dead for more than a decade, I like to think he’d have realised that his inspiring Christmas present had changed my life.
36. Why did dad want to listen to the news on Christmas morning
A. He expected to give the boys a surprise.
B. He was postponing handing out his presents.
C. He had always enjoyed listening to the news.
D. He missed the Christmas news the day before.
37. By the first sentence of paragraph 4, the “experience real excitement over a present” means that _____.
A. he didn’t know before what a recorder was
B. he got the tape recorder he had been dying for
C. the recorder was the first present he got from dad
D. the recorder was an exceptionally meaningful gift
38. What did the recorder enable the boys to do when they started to use it
A. Make their own radio programmes.
B. Discover more about themselves.
C. Pursue a career in broadcasting.
D. Hear each other more clearly.
39. According to the passage, how did the tape recorder change the author’s life
A. It boosted the author’s confidence in communicating with people.
B. It helped the author develop a closer relationship with his family.
C. It made the author more interested in listening to news reports.
D. It sparked the author’s passion for sound and broadcasting.
(B)
Shipping containers, currently experiencing a major shortage, have a life of 10 to 15 years when used to transport goods across oceans. So what happens to these massive and durable structures after that Often they’re recycled into low-cost storage—other times they simply sit in ports around the world. Now, architects are finding new and improved ways to unlock their low-cost and sustainable development potential.
Sustainable Support System
On land that was meant to become a jail, instead stands a 60,500 square-foot housing facility supporting unhoused people. The Care First Village holds 232 units, as well as a common building with laundry facilities, dining areas and a dog park.
Performing Art Cart
The concept of the microtheater first began in Madrid, where audiences gathered to watch short performances in different rooms of an old hotel. In 2021, Microtheater first appeared, hosting short plays in shipping containers. Step inside and watch one or all of the original 15-minute shows.
Eco-Friendly Attraction
This is not your typical café. Its design, inspired by coffee trees, features 29 shipping containers piled in a manner to look like branches. While a shipping container doesn’t typically scream “natural light,” skylight windows are strategically placed throughout the structure.
Green Arena (竞技场)
Located on the Gulf shoreline, Stadium 974 is a 40,000-capacity arena created from 974 shipping containers. The first temporary stadium in World Cup history, it will host FIFA World Cup matches this year—and then its components will be shipped to countries in need around the world for repurposing.
Mach 1
“Every single thing you buy in the world has been transported in these things,” artist David Mach says of his fascination with shipping containers. While still in the design stages, his sculpture will soon have a home in Edinburgh Park, with a coffee bar and exhibition space available to visitors inside.
40. Why might architects be interested in using shipping containers for construction
A. They are not expensive but long-lasting.
B. They are perfectly fit for temporary structures.
C. They offer a creative and cost-effective building material.
D. They are more durable than traditional concrete buildings.
41. How does the concept of Stadium 974 differ from other projects mentioned in the passage
A. It is designed as an artistic landmark in a public space.
B. It is the only project designed to be temporary and relocated.
C. It is a creative approach to providing short-term living spaces.
D. It serves as a multifunctional place for performances.
42. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. How to deal with a global container shortage
B. How to plan a sustainable life in containers
C. How to build creative container homes
D. How to give containers a second life
(C)
Less is More is a book with an ambitious subtitle: How Degrowth Will Save the World. That’s a big claim, but this is by Jason Hickel, one of the leading advocates of postgrowth thinking. He has a better chance than most at backing that up.
Degrowth is often used as a controversial word, but here it is used in a more encouraging way. Hickel looks back to trace the origins of ‘growthism’, digging back through climate change to fossil fuels (化石燃料), to economic growth and to capitalism. Capitalism “has a kind of totalitarian logic to it: every industry, every national economy must grow, all the time, with no identifiable end-point.” A central principle of capitalism is to take more than you give. Historically, that process has driven kingdoms and colonialism (殖民主义), and today it drives climate change and ecological breakdown. Wealthier countries take from the global atmosphere in yet another form of colonialism.
One of the most damaging things about capitalism is that it is “fundamentally ill from any concept of human need.” It piles its rewards onto the wealthiest first. The more severe the poverty, the more invisible it is to capital, and it takes no account of what it destroys in the process of turning things into money.
Instead, we should find ways to prioritise what matters most. More, in already wealthy countries, is not something that matters. Hickel calculates that with better distribution and investment in public goods, the US economy could be 65% smaller with no loss in wellbeing. Good lives are grounded in community, meaningful work, in societies that cooperate rather than compete. People and planet are being pushed to breaking point to no good end, says Hickel.
As the book moves into its solutions, a series of antidotes (解药) to growth are revealed. Justice is one of them. Abundance (富足) is another—growth actually relies on people being unsatisfied. These sorts of ideas hint at much more interesting possibilities for a post-capitalist future.
“For 500 years,” Hickel writes, “capitalist growth has been a process of enclosure and dispossession. Degrowth represents a reversal of this process. It represents release. It represents an opportunity for recovery and repair.”
This is an elegant evolution of degrowth ideas, expanding what the term can mean. Degrowth begins as a process of taking less. But in the end it opens up a whole landscape of possibility, moving us from poverty to abundance, from dominance to reciprocity, and from loneliness and separation to connection with a world that’s full of life.
Hard to argue with that. Perhaps degrowth will save the world.
43. According to Hickel, it is _____ that causes ecological breakdown.
A. capitalism’s unceasing drive for growth
B. a lack of technological advancement
C. insufficient governmental regulation
D. overinvestment in public goods
44. It can be inferred from the passage that Hickel holds that _____.
A. capitalism to some extent meets the human need
B. colonialism is hard to avoid even in modern times
C. capitalist growth has increasingly prioritised recovery and repair
D. less wealthy countries need better distribution than wealthy ones
45. What does the word “reciprocity” (paragraph 7) most probably mean
A. An unequal sharing of various resources.
B. A relationship based on continuous giving.
C. The possibility to compete fairly and freely.
D. The exchange of rights and mutual support.
46. According to the passage, what does “degrowth” refer to
A. Intensifying capitalist growth in an eco-friendly way.
B. The prioritising of individual growth over community welfare.
C. Boosting economic development in order to reach a state of abundance.
D. The reduction of economic growth to focus on sustainability and well-being.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Other kinds of studies have given higher estimates for the environmental contribution to years of schooling. Scientists sometimes investigate the question by comparing different kinds of twins. Then, Morris analyzed the same data using a method that also included the parents’ years of education. These studies usually overlook two factors, however, leading to falsely high estimates of environmental effects. This is the conclusion of a study on twins, which suggests that most previous such research has overestimated the effects of upbringing Twins are more likely to have grown up in the same financial circumstances, gone to the same school and so on.
How Genes Affect Education
It has long been debated whether various aspects of our personalities and abilities are influenced more by our genes or our early environment. 47 The extent to which identical twins are more similar in any particular character than non-identical twins reveals how much variation in that character is down to genetics. The rest is usually assumed to be due to the environment.
Studies show that many traits are not influenced much by the environment. However, educational attainment—how many years someone spends in school—is often found to be about 35% influenced by the environment. 48 Damien Morris at King’s College London believes the biggest overlooked factor is that people tend to have children with someone with a similar level of education as themselves, an idea known as assortative mating.
Morris studied whether people with similar education levels tend to marry by using a recent German twin study. This study collected data not only on the twins but also on their parents and siblings (兄弟姐妹) from nearly 1,000 families. After analyzing this data using the traditional twin study design, environmental differences between families were estimated to account for 43 per cent of the variation in years of schooling. 49 Sure enough, there was more similarity between the educational years of each parental pair than would be expected by chance. Taking this into account, the environmental contribution was estimated to be just 26 per cent.
Morris also analyzed the impact of a second factor usually overlooked in twin studies. This is the fact that the early environments of twins are more similar than those of non-twin siblings. 50 When this was taken into account as well, the estimated environmental influence fell to 10 per cent.
“This is a very interesting finding,” says Jeremy Freese at Stanford University. “It is unimaginable to me to think that everything that goes on with parents is only a bit player in the story.”
III．Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
51. The Trouble of Over-pathologizing to Schools
In the past, young people didn’t discuss their mental health. But nowadays, it feels like there is a mental health awareness campaign almost every week. However, this societal push to talk about mental health might not be helping everyone. In fact, it could be making things worse.
These campaigns encourage people to interpret essentially all negative thoughts and feelings as symptoms of a disorder or a problem, consequently making them feel unnecessarily weak and leading them to view themselves as having a disorder when they don’t. This kind of over-pathologizing may lead to further problems in schools. An increasing number of young people are saying that they don’t want to do something by labeling themselves as having anxiety.
Sometimes, the most appropriate response is to make adjustments for that person. For example, they shouldn’t be asked questions in class, or they shouldn’t have to sit exams in a big hall. But this genuine, useful principle has been blown out of proportion. In some cases, students in schools are automatically being given excessive freedom or privileges with no intention to ever review them.
The trouble is that the worst thing you can do in terms of managing anxiety in the long run is to allow people to avoid the things that scare them. Actually, the most useful therapeutic approach is to support them, step by step, in facing their fears. If, with support, they gradually do the things that make them anxious, they learn two things: first, that it isn’t as bad as they thought it would be, and second, that even if it is bad, they can cope.
So there needs to be a better understanding of who really needs one-to-one support and who can be supported simply by teachers being helpful, rather than applying a one-size-fits-all approach to adjustments.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 请问地球绕太阳公转如何影响昼夜长短的变化？(orbit)
53. 民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)
54. 值得一提的是，职业咨询区人流如织，已成为本次活动最热火朝天的区域之一。(It)
55. 上海是一座依水而兴的城市，江河湖海相伴相依，并提供众多与城市地标相关的特色娱乐体验。(surround)
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。为接待来自英国伙伴校的交流生，校学生会正招募寄宿家庭。你非常希望加入，但发现招募海报提供的信息比较有限。因此，你决定致信校学生会，内容包括：
1. 说明希望成为寄宿家庭的原因；
2. 提出想要进一步了解的信息，并表达对该活动的期待。

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