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2025新外研版八年级英语上册Unit1单词讲解
Unit 1 This is me
A部分
一、单词解析
1.Suppose (动词) 假设、认为
【用法讲解】 主要用来表示假设、推测、礼貌请求等；后面可接从句或动词不定式；也可位于句首用来表示提议等。
Eg: Do you suppose he will come
你认为他回来吗？
I suppose that she forgot the meeting.
我认为她忘记会议了。
Suppose we leave early tomorrow.
假设我们明天早点离开。
【常见搭配】 suppose sb./ sth. to be 认为某人/某物是...
be supposed to be/ do = should do sth. 被认为/应该
Be supposed to have done 本应该做某事而没有做
Eg: I supposed the girl to be a teacher.
我认为这个女孩是老师。
He is supposed to be a good teacher.
他被认为是一位好老师。
You are supposed to arrive by 9:00.
你应该九点到。
You are supposed to have finished your homework.
你本应该完成作业了。
【派生词】 supposition为名词，译为“假设”。
Eg: The report is based entirely on supposition.
这篇报道完全建立在假设的基础上。
【即学即用】
1.The meeting is supposed _________ (take) place on Friday.
答案：to take
2.Birthmark (名词) 胎记、胎痣
【用法讲解】 birthmark为可数名词，其复数形式为birthmarks。
Eg: She has a small heart - shaped birthmark on her left arm.
她左臂上有一个心形的小胎记。
【即学即用】
1.Most _________ (birthmark) are harmless and don’t require treatment.
答案：birthmarks
3.Bright (形容词) 鲜艳的
【用法讲解】 bright为形容词，还可译为“聪明的、有希望的”。
Eg: I like bright colours.
我喜欢鲜艳的颜色。
This young man has a bright future.
这个年轻人前途无量。
She’s bright and cheerful today.
她今天很高兴。
【常见搭配】 bright red 鲜红色
Bright and early 很早
Eg: She was wearing bright red lipstick.
她擦鲜红色的口红。
We woke up bright and early.
我们一大早旧起床了。
【派生词】 brighten为动词，译为“照亮”。
Eg：A smile brightened her face.
她的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
【即学即用】
1.Her tearful eyes _________ (bright) with interest.
答案：brightened
4.Strawberry (名词) 草莓
【用法讲解】 strawberry为可数名词，其复数形式为strawberries。
Eg: There is a strawberry on the plate.
盘子里有一颗草莓。
She bought three strawberries at the market.
她在市场买了三颗草莓。
【即学即用】
1.They grew _____________ (strawberry) in their garden.
答案：strawberries
5.Secretly (副词) 暗自
【用法讲解】 secretly为副词，常用来修饰动词，可与feel、hope、wish等动词搭配。
Eg: He secretly observed the situation from a distance.
他从远处秘密观察情况。
The plan was carried out secretly to avoid public scrutiny.
该计划秘密进行以避免公众的审视。
【常见搭配】 do sth. secretly 秘密地做某事
Eg: She did her homework secretly in the library.
她在图书馆秘密地做作业。
【派生词】 secret可为名词，译为“秘密”；secret还可为形容词，译为“隐蔽的、不公开的”。
Eg: Can you tell me the secret of success
你能告诉我成功的秘密吗？
She is a very secret person.
她是个守口如瓶的人。
【常见搭配】 keep a secret 保守秘密
In secret 秘密地
Eg: She kept a secret from her friends.
她对她的朋友们保守了一个秘密。
The meeting was held in secret to avoid media attention.
会议秘密举行以避免媒体关注。
【即学即用】
1.The detective __________ (secret) followed the suspect to his hideout.
2.他让我们对讨论的事保密。
He told us to ________ ______ ________ of the things being discussed.
答案：1. secretly 2. keep a secret
6.Crowded (形容词) 挤满人（物）的、拥挤的
【用法讲解】 crowded还可为动词crowd的过去式或过去分词形式。
Eg: If a place is crowded, it is full of people.
如果一个地方很拥挤，那就意味着那里挤满了人。
【常见搭配】 be crowded with ... 挤满、充满
Eg: The market - place and street were crowded with those who’d come to barter.
市场和街道上挤满了来进行物物交换的人。
【派生词】 crowd为动词，译为“聚集、挤满”；crowd也可为名词，译为“人群、一群人”。
注意：crowd为名词，作主语时谓语动词单复数取决于语境，强调集体性用单数，强调个体成员，用复数。
Eg: A large crowd gathered to watch the concert.
一大群人聚集观看演唱会。
Tourists crowded the streets during the festival.
节日期间，游客挤满了街道。
【常见搭配】 a crowd of ... 一大群...
Crowd in/ into ... 挤进、涌入
Crowd around 围拢、聚集在...周围
Eg: They noticed a crowd of people shouting and cheering.
他们看到一群人在喊叫欢呼。
The students crowded into the classroom.
学生们涌进了教室。
People crowded around the stage to get a better view.
人们围拢在舞台周围以便看得更清楚。
【即学即用】
1.The room had been ________ (crowd) with books.
答案：crowded
7.Disaster (名词) 灾难、灾祸
【用法讲解】 disaster指具体的灾难时，为可数名词，其复数形式为disasters；disaster指灾难的总称时，为不可数名词。
Eg: We were all shocked by the disaster.
这场灾难使我们所有人大为震惊。
This book teaches us how to escape from all kinds of disasters。
这本书教会我们如何逃离各种各样的灾难。
【即学即用】
1.A typical d________ story: disease, corruption, poverty.
答案：disaster
8.Therefore (副词) 因此、由此、所以
【用法讲解】 therefore在句中常位于句首，需要用逗号隔开，后接完整句子；也可位于句中作插入语，但前后用逗号隔开；一般不能放在句尾。
Eg: Therefore, the experiment was successful.
因此，实验成功了。
The data, therefore, supports the hypothesis.
因此，数据支持了假设。
【即学即用】
1.It rained heavily; ________ (因此), the match was postponed.
答案：therefore
9.Cover (动词) 遮盖
【用法讲解】 cover作动词，译为“覆盖、涉及、采访、代替、支付、走完一段路程”；cover也可作名词，译为“避难所、遮盖物”。
Eg: The table is covered with a white cloth.
桌子上覆盖着一块白布。
This book covers a wide range of topics.
这本书涵盖了广泛的主题。
The newspaper covered the event in detail.
报纸详细报道了这一事件。
He covered for me when I was away.
当我离开时，他代替了我的工作。
The insurance covers the cost of the repair.
保险足以支付修理费用。
The hike covered 10 miles.
这次徒步旅行走了10英里。
The book has a beautiful cover.
这本书有一个漂亮的封面。
The box has a plastic cover.
这个盒子有一个塑料盖子。
The forest provided a natural cover for the animals.
森林为动物们提供了一个天然的避难所。
【常见搭配】 from cover to cover 从头到尾阅读
Cover... with ... 用...盖...
Be covered with ... 被覆盖
Eg: I read the novel from cover to cover in one sitting.
我一口气从头到尾读完了这本小说。
She covered her eyes with her hands.
她用手盖住自己的眼睛。
The ground is covered with snow.
地面被大雪覆盖。
【即学即用】
( )1. -- May I have a talk with one of your sports reporters
-- Sorry, but all of them are out to _____ the main events of the day.
A.get B. find C. cover D. search
答案：1. C
10.Instead (副词) 代替...、而不是...
【用法讲解】 instead常位于句首或句末，表示与上文提到的行为或事物相反，位于句首时需用逗号分开。
Eg: The movie was sold out. Instead, we went bowling.
电影票卖光了，我们改去打保龄球。
He forgot his keys and used a card instead.
他忘了带钥匙，改用卡片开门。
【常见搭配】 Instead of 代替...、而不是...
Eg: The room felt cold instead of cozy.
房间感觉很冷，而不是舒适。
【易混辨析】 instead与instead of区别
instead为独立副词，修饰动词或句子，位于句首或句尾，后面无需接任何成分；
Instead of为介词短语，必须接宾语，位置比较灵活，后面可接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语 。
Eg: He didn’t drink tea. He drank coffee instead.
他不喝茶改喝咖啡了。
I use honey instead of sugar.
我用蜂蜜代替糖。
【即学即用】
( )1. We have lessons in the classroom ______ the playground.
A.instead B. instead of C. rather than D. than
答案：B
11.Although (连词) 虽然、尽管
【用法讲解】 although常常用来引导让步状语从句；切记不可与but连用；常位于从句句首，主从句之间需用逗号分开。
Eg: Although it was raining, they went hiking.
尽管下着雨，他们还是去徒步了
Although they are poor, they are happy.
尽管他们很穷，但他们很快乐。
【常见搭配】 even though 即使
Eg: Even though she studied all night, she failed the exam.
即使她整夜学习，考试还是没通过。
【即学即用】
( )1. ______ the storm is coming, _______ we needn’t worry about it.
A.Although; but B. Although; / C. But; / D. But; Although
答案：B
12.Bathroom (名词) 浴室、卫生间
【用法讲解】 bathroom为可数名词，其复数形式为bathrooms。
Eg: I need to go to the bathroom.
我需要去趟卫生间。
【知识拓展】 房间类英语单词总结
Bedroom 卧室； living room 客厅；
kitchen 厨房； bathroom 浴室；
Dining room 餐厅； study 书房；
balcony 阳台； laundry room 洗衣房
【即学即用】
1.How many _________ (bathroom) are there in this building
答案： bathrooms
13.Quickly (副词) 快速地
Eg: I need to find that item quickly.
我需要快递找到那个东西。
【派生词】 quick为形容词，译为“快速的”。
Eg: I think I’m a reasonably quick learner.
我认为我是一个学东西还算快的人。
【即学即用】
1.She ________ (quick) finished her homework.
答案：quickly
14.Truly (副词) 真实地、确实地
【用法讲解】 truly常用于修饰形容词或副词，强调其真实性或准确性；truly还可用在否定句中，用于加强否定的程度。
Eg: She gave a truly wonderful performance.
她的表演确实精彩。
I don’t truly understand what you mean.
我真的不明白你的意思。
【常见搭配】 truly grateful 衷心感谢
Truly sorry 非常抱歉
Eg: I am truly grateful for your help.
我衷心感谢你的帮助。
I am truly sorry for what I have done.
我为我所做的一切感到非常抱歉。
【派生词】 true为形容词，译为“真实的、正确的”；
Truth为名词，译为“实话、事实”。
Eg: The information he provided is true.
他提供的信息是真实的。
The simple truth is that we just can’t afford it.
事实很简单，我们就是付不起。
【常见搭配】 come true 实现、成真
For true 确实地、真实地
To be true 确实如此、是真的
Tell the truth 说实话
Eg: Her dream of becoming a doctor finally came true.
她成为医生的梦想终于是实现了。
I saw it for true with my own eyes.
我亲眼看到了，这是真的。
I believe it to be true, but I’m not able to certify to that effect.
我相信它是真的，但我不能证实其真实性。
Tell the truth, I don’t like this place.
说实话，我不喜欢这个地方。
【即学即用】
1.He _______ (true) believes in himself.
答案：truly
15.Paint (动词) （给...涂颜色）
【用法讲解】 paint为动词，译为“绘画、涂色”；paint也可为名词，译为“油漆”。
Eg:The artist is painting the walls with green.
艺术家正在用一种绿色颜料粉刷墙壁。
We need to buy some paint for the walls.
我们需要买一些油漆来粉刷墙壁。
【派生词】 painter为可数名词，其复数形式为painters；
painting为可数名词，其复数形式为paintings。
Eg: He is an abstract painter.
他是一个抽象派画家。
The gallery was full of beautiful paintings by famous artists.
这个艺术馆装满了来自著名画家的美丽作品。
【即学即用】
1.The _______ (paint) will be put on public display next week.
答案：1. painting
16.Yet (副词) 还、尚
【用法讲解】 yet在否定句中，译为“还没有、尚未”；yet在疑问句中，译为“是否已经”；yet用在肯定句中时，译为“然而、但是”。Yet常常用于现在完成时中，表示某事到目前为止尚未发生。
Eg: He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
他还没有完成作业。
Have you eaten yet
你已经吃过了吗？
She is young, yet she is very wise.
她很年轻，然而她非常聪明。
I haven’t heard from him yet.
我还没有收到他的消息。
【常见搭配】 not yet 还没有
Just yet 到现在为止
As yet 迄今为止
Not just yet 现在还不
Eg: The bus has not arrived yet.
公交车还没有到。
I can’t leave just yet.
我还不能走。
We’ve seen a lot, as yet there’s much more to explore.
我们已经看了很多，但还有更多要探索的。
I have not decided not just yet.
我还没有决定。
【即学即用】
( )1. Have the test results arrived _______
A.yet B. already C. still D. ever
答案： A
17.Already (副词) 已经
【用法讲解】 already常用于肯定句中，常与现在完成时连用，位于实义动词前，助动词之后；already还可用于疑问句中，带有惊讶的语气；already用于否定句中，表示一种假设情况。
Eg: I have already told you about it.
我已经告诉过你这件事了。
Are you already leaving
你已经要走了吗？
If he hasn’t eaten yet, he will be hungry already.
如果他还没吃，那他肯定已经饿了。
注意：already与现在完成时连用时，常用于肯定句中，在疑问句和否定句中常用yet。
Eg: I have already finished my homework.
我已经完成我的作业了。
-- Have you finished your homework yet
你完成你的作业了吗？
【即学即用】
( )1. She ________ her homework when I called her.
A.already finish B. have already finished
C. already has finished D. has already finished
答案：D
18.Difference (名词) 差别、差异
【用法讲解】 difference为可数名词，其复数形式为differences。
Eg: There are several differences between the two books.
这两本书有几个不同之处。
【常见搭配】 make a difference 产生影响
Difference between... and ... 在...和...之间的差异
Eg: Volunteering can make a difference in the community.
志愿服务可以对社区产生影响。
The difference between theory and practice is crucial.
理论和实践之间的差异至关重要。
【派生词】 different为形容词，译为“不同的”。
Eg: There are different types of flowers in the garden.
花园里有不同类型的花。
【常见搭配】 be different from ... 与...不同
Eg: This book is different from the one I read last week.
这本书和我上周读的那本不同。
【即学即用】
1.There is a big __________ (different) in their attitude.
答案：difference
B部分
1.Hate (动词) 讨厌、不喜欢
【用法讲解】 hate为动词，译为“讨厌、憎恨、厌恶”等。
Eg: He hates math tests.
他讨厌数学考试。
【常见搭配】 hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事（即时性动作）
Hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事（重复性或持续性行为）
Hate + that从句 讨厌...
Eg: I hate to say this, but your idea won’t work.
我不想这么说，但你的方案行不通。
They hate taking the subway during rush hour.
他们讨厌高峰时段坐地铁。
I hate that you’re upset.
我讨厌你难过的样子。
【易混辨析】 hate与dislike区别：
hate译为“讨厌、憎恨”，语气强烈，描述对人的厌恶显得粗鲁；
dislike译为“不喜欢”，语气较弱。
Eg: I hate people being late.
我讨厌别人迟到。
I dislike people who are always late.
我不喜欢总是迟到的人。
【即学即用】
1.I h_______ to interrupt, but we need to leave now.
答案：hate
2.Successful (形容词) 有成就的、出人头地的
Eg: He is a successful businessman.
他是一个成功的商人。
【常见搭配】 be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: They were successful in winning the contract.
他们成功赢得了合同。
【即学即用】
1. She is ____________ (success) in her career.
答案：successful
3.Scientific (形容词) 科学（上）的
Eg: This scientific discovery has changed our understanding of the universe.
这一科学发现改变了我们对宇宙的认知。
【派生词】 scientist为名词，译为“科学家”；
science为名词，译为“科学”。
Eg: He is a writer first and a scientist second.
他首先是作家，然后才是科学家。
This was science with a human face.
这是大众需要的科学。
【即学即用】
1.He took a very ___________ (science) approach to management.
答案：scientific
4.Wise (形容词) 明智的、明断的
【用法讲解】wise作形容词在句中作定语或表语；wise还可作动词，译为“了解、指导”。
Eg: He made a wise decision.
他做了一个明智的决定。
You need to wise up to office politics.
你需要认清办公室政治。
【常见搭配】 be wise with money 明智地理财
Be wise to do sth. 做某事是明智的
In no wise 决不；绝不
In any wise 无论如何
Eg: You are wise to plan your vacation.
你做假期计划是明智的。
It is wise to seek help and counsel as soon as possible.
尽快寻找帮助和建议乃明智之举。
I will in no wise tolerate such behavior.
我绝不容忍这种行为。
He will help you in any wise he can.
他会以任何方式帮助你。
【派生词】 wisely为副词，译为“明智地”。
Eg: He wisely decided to tell the truth.
他明智地决定实话实说。
【即学即用】
1.尽快寻求帮助和建议是明智的。
It ______ _______ ______ seek help and counsel as soon as possible.
答案：is wise to
5.Present perfect tense 现在完成式
【用法讲解】 （1）表示以前某个时间已经发生的动作或做过的事情对现在有影响
（2）表示到目前为止已经完成的事。
（3）构成：主语 + have/ has + 动词过去分词
Eg: I have seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。(强调电影的内容已经知道)
My sister has learnt English for 3 years.
我的妹妹已经学英语三年了。
【即学即用】
( )1. The famous singer has _____ more than 30 million records.
A.sell B. sold C. sale D. buy
答案： B
6.Underline (动词) 在...之下划线
【用法讲解】 underline还可作名词，译为“下划线”。
Eg: Please underline the important points in the text.
请在文本中重要的地方画线。
Use an underline to highlight the key words.
使用下划线来突出关键词。
【派生词】 underlined为形容词，译为“被画下划线的”。
Eg: The text in this sentence is underlined.
课文中这个句子被画线了。
【即学即用】
1.Some readers would u__________ the page as they read.
答案：underline
7.Row (名词) 一排、一行、一列
【用法讲解】 row为可数名词，其复数形式为rows；row还可为动词，译为“划船”。
Eg: The apples were stacked in rows.
苹果被排成一列列的。
Count and see how many trees there are in a row.
数数看一行有多少棵树。
There was a row about the new policy.
关于新政策发生了一场争执。
The team rowed their boat to the finish line.
团队划船抵达了终点线。
【常见搭配】 go for a row = row a boat 划船
Row with sb. 与某人争吵
In a row 连续地
In rows 一排排，成排的
Eg: We went for a row on the lake.
我们在湖上划船了。
They often row with each other.
他们经常吵架。
This is her third win in a row.
这是她连续获得的第三次胜利。
They are in rows and not high.
它们排成一排，并不高。
【即学即用】
1.男孩们在草地上排成几行。
The boys ranged themselves _______ _______ on the grass.
答案：in rows
8.Primary (形容词) 小学教育的、初级教育的
【用法讲解】 primary还可为名词，译为“初选、原色”。
Eg: Primary education is essential for a child’s development.
初等教育对儿童的发展至关重要。
He won the Democratic primary.
他在民主党的初选中获胜。
Red, blue, and yellow are primary colours.
红、蓝、黄是三原色。
【常见搭配】 primary school 小学
Primary goal 首要目标
Eg: She teaches English at a primary school.
她在一所小学教英语。
The primary goal of this project is to reduce pollution.
该项目的首要目标是减少污染。
【即学即用】
1.P_________ education is the foundation for a child’s growth.
答案：Primary
9.Reach (动词) 伸、伸手（以触碰或提起某物）
【用法讲解】 reach作动词还可译为“达到、到达、联系”等。
Eg: She reached out her hand to shake mine.
她伸出手来和我握手。
The conflict has now reached a new level of intensity.
冲突现在已经达到了新的激烈程度。
We will reach Beijing by plane next week.
我们将下周坐飞机到北京。
I’ve been trying all day to reach him on the telephone.
我已经尝试一天打电话联系他。
【常见搭配】 reach + 地点 = get to + 地点
= arrive at 小地点/arrive in 大地点 到达某地
Reach for 伸出...以触及
Beyond/ out of one’s reach 够不着
Within reach 伸手可及
Reach out 伸出手、提供援助
Eg: He reached the airport in the morning.
他上午到达机场。
The soldier reached for his gun.
那名士兵伸手去拿枪。
The shelf is so high it is well beyond my reach.
架子太高，我根本够不着。
Food and water were left within reach of the child.
食物和水放在了孩子们能够得着的地方。
He reached out his hand to help the old lady cross the street.
他伸出手帮助老太太过马路。
【即学即用】
1.I reached Shanghai last night. (同义句转换)
I _______ ________ Shanghai last night.
I _______ _________ Shanghai last night.
答案：arrived in; got to
10.Height (名词) 身高、高、高度
【用法讲解】height为不可数名词；但强调不同人或事物的高度时为可数名词，其复数形式为heights。
Eg: He is above the middle height.
他是中等以上的身材。
We saw some buildings of different heights.
我们看到一些高低不一的建筑。
【常见搭配】 in height 高度（某物或人的具体数值）
At the height of ... 达到某一具体高度/处于...的巅峰
The height of ... ...的高度
Eg: The building is 200 meters in height.
这座建筑高200米。
The satellite orbits at a height of 500 kilometers.
卫星在500千米的高空运行。
She wrote her best novels at the height of her creativity.
她在创作力最旺盛的时期写下了最好的小说。
Do you know the height of this mountain
你知道这座山的高度吗？
【派生词】 high为形容词，译为“高的”。
Eg: Fishing is good at high water.
高水位有利于钓鱼。
【即学即用】
1.The _________ (high) of the mountain is over 4,000 meters.
答案：height
11.Willing (形容词) 愿意（乐意）（做某事）的
【常见搭配】 be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
Be willing that 从句（从句的谓语动词必须用原形） 愿意...
Eg: I’m willing to look after baby.
我愿意照看这个小孩。
They are willing that the project be completed on time.
他们愿意项目按时完成。
【派生词】 will可为名词，译为“意志、决心、遗嘱”；will也可作助动词，表示将来时态；will也可为情态动词，用来表示意愿、决心、请求等。
Eg: He has a strong will.
他有很强的意志力。
He left a will leaving all his property to his daughter.
他留下遗嘱，将所有财产留给他的女儿。
He will go to America tomorrow.
他明天将要去美国。
I will do it.
我会做这件事。
Will you help me
你会帮我吗？
【常见搭配】 against one’s will 违背某人的意愿
Do ... with a will 决心做某事
Do one’s own free will 自愿...
Eg: He did it against his will.
他违背自己的意愿做了这件事。
She did her best with a will to succeed.
她决心要成功，因此尽了自己最大的努力。
He donated the money of his won free will.
他自愿捐款。
【即学即用】
1.她一直愿意帮助她的同事。
She ______ always ________ _______ help her colleagues.
答案：is; willing to
12.Literature (名词) 文学、文学作品
【用法讲解】 Literature为不可数名词。
Eg: I love reading Chinese literature.
我爱读中国文学。
【即学即用】
1.He has a deep knowledge of classical l__________.
答案：literature
13.Search (名词) 寻找、搜寻
Eg: The police searched the suspect.
警察搜查了嫌疑人。
I searched my memory for the answer.
我在记忆中搜寻答案。
【常见搭配】 search for ... 寻找...
Search through 仔细、全面地搜查
Search into 深入调查
In search of... 正在寻找...
Eg: They are searching for the missing child.
他们正在寻找失踪的孩子。
I searched through the drawers but found nothing.
我翻遍了抽屉但什么也没找到。
The committee will search into the financial records.
委员会将深入调查财务记录。
They went to the mountains in search of rare plants.
他们去山里寻找稀有植物。
【即学即用】
1.科学家们正在探究气候变化的原因。
Scientists are _________ ______ the causes of climate change.
答案：searching into
14.Value (名词) 价值
【用法讲解】 value为不可数名词；value还可作动词，译为“重视、估价”。
Eg: The value of the dollar may fall.
美元的币值可能下降。
We should value our time.
我们应该珍惜时间。
That watch was valued at 100 yuan.
那块表估值100元。
【常见搭配】 of great/ little value 价值很高/很低
The value of ... ...的价值
Eg: The dictionary is of great value to students.
这本词典对学生来说价值很大。
The value of the car decreased over time.
这辆车的价值随着时间的推移而降低。
【派生词】 valuable为形容词，译为“有价值的、贵重的”；
valueless为形容词，译为“没有价值的”。
Eg: This is a valuable book.
这是一本贵重的书。
The old coin is valueless.
这枚旧硬币没有价值。
【即学即用】
1.I’m not sure that this is the most ________ (value) use of my time.
答案：valuable
15.Character (名词) （书、剧本、电影中的）人物、角色
【用法讲解】 character译为“人物、角色”时为可数名词，其复数形式为characters；character译为“性格、品质”时为不可数名词。
Eg: The play has two main characters.
这部剧有两个主要角色。
His character is very strong.
他的性格很坚强。
【常见搭配】 develop a character 塑造角色
Eg: The writer spent a lot of time developing the main character.
作家花了很多时间来塑造角色。
【即学即用】
1.All the places and _____________ (人物) in my novel are fictitious.
答案：characters
16.Wizard (名词) 男巫
【用法讲解】 wizard为可数名词，其复数形式为wizards。
Eg: In Harry Potter, Dumbledore is a wise and powerful wizard.
在《哈利波特》中，邓布利多是一位睿智而强大的男巫。
【即学即用】
1.Harry Potter is a _________ (男巫).
答案： wizard
17.Basic (形容词) 基础的、基本的
【用法讲解】 basic还可为名词，表示“某一领域或学科的基础知识”，其复数形式为basics。
Eg: His basic wage is 3000 yuan per month.
他的基本工资是每月3000元。
The basics of computer programming
计算机编程基础。
【常见搭配】 be basic to ... 是...的基础
Eg: Reading and writing are basic to learning.
读写是学习的基础。
【派生词】 basically为形容词，译为“基本上、大体上”。
Eg: Basically, there is not a lot we can do about it.
总的说来，我们对此做不了很多事。
【即学即用】
1.Water is one of the ________ (basically) human needs.
答案：basic
18.Message (名词) 主题思想
【用法讲解】 message为可数名词，其复数形式为messages，还可译为“消息、通知”；message还可为动词，译为“通知、报信”等。
Eg: I received several messages this morning.
我今天早上收到了几条消息。
He messages me to tell the news.
他给我发消息来告诉我这个消息。
What is the message of the book
这本书的中心思想是什么？
【常见搭配】 short message 短信
Receive a message 收短信
Send a message 传递信息
Leave a message 留言
Eg: I’ll send you a short message later.
我稍后会给你发一条短信。
Their success sends a message that hard work pays off.
他们成功传递了努力工作会有回报的信息。
Would you like to leave a message for her
你想给他留个言吗？
【易混辨析】 Message、information与news的区别：
Information (不可数名词) “信息；消息”常指通过观察、学习、调查或交谈所获得的消息、情报及资料等。在表示信息数量时，可以用“数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词”的结构，也可用some/much/a little等修饰。
Message (可数名词)“消息；电报”；常指口头、书面、无线电等多种渠道传送的信息等。
News (不可数名词) “新闻”；常指通过电视、报纸、广播等新闻媒体向大众发布的各种最新消息。
Eg: You can search for the information on the Internet.
你可以在网上搜寻信息。
I can leave a message for you.
我可以为你捎个口信。
I have got good news for you.
我有好消息告诉你。
【即学即用】
( )1. We can use mobile phones to send _______.
A.message B. messages C. information D. news
答案： B
C部分
1.Setting (名词) （书、影片等中情节发生的）背景
【用法讲解】 setting为可数名词，其复数形式为settings；setting还可以看作set的现在分词形式。
Eg: The novel’s setting is a small coastal village in the 19th century.
小说的背景是一个19世纪的沿海小村庄。
She it setting the table for dinner.
她正在摆餐桌准备晚餐。
【知识拓展】 set作动词，译为“放置、设定、落下”等；set还可为名词，译为“一组”等。
Eg: Please set the clock for 7 am.
请把闹钟设定在早上七点。
The sun sets in the west.
太阳从西边落下。
【常见搭配】 set sth. on sth. 将某物放在另一物体上
Set sth. in sth. 以某地为背景
Set about sth. 开始做某事
Set up 建立、组织
A set of ... 一套、一组
Eg: She set the book on the table.
她把书放在桌子上。
The movie is set in the Wild West.
这部电影以美国西部为背景。
They set about building a new house.
他们开始建新房子。
The company set up a new branch in Shanghai.
公司在上海设立了新分公司。
There is a set of keys on the desk.
桌子上有一套钥匙。
【即学即用】
1.The movie’s _________ (set) shifts from a bustling city to a remote island.
答案：setting
2.Realise (动词) 知道、明白
【用法讲解】 realise还可写作realize，后面接名词、代词或从句。
Eg: She realised the importance of education.
她意识到了教育的重要性。
I didn’t realize how late it was until I checked the time.
我查看时间时才发现已经很晚了。
【常见搭配】 realise one’s dream 实现梦想
Eg: After years of hard work, he finally realized his dream of owning a business.
经过数年的努力工作，他终于实现了拥有自己企业的梦想。
【派生词】 realization为名词，译为“认知、领悟”。
Eg: The realization of her dream took many years of hard work.
她实现梦想花了许多年的艰苦努力。
【即学即用】
( )1. Suddenly, she ________ a mistake.
A.realised B. is realizing C. realizes D. has realised
答案：A
3.Impossible (形容词) 不可能发生的、办不到的
【用法讲解】 impossible还可为名词，译为“不可能的事”。
Eg: It is impossible to finish the work in one day.
在一天内完成这项工作是不可能的。
They faced the impossible and still managed to succeed.
他们面对不可能的事，但仍然设法成功了。
【常见搭配】 Nothing is impossible. 没有什么不可能的/一切皆有可能。
【派生词】 possible为形容词，译为“可能的”。
Eg: We will get your order to you as soon as possible.
我们将会把您的订单尽快送到。
【即学即用】
1.There is no time. It’s _________ (possible) to get there in time.
答案：impossible
4.Nothing (代词) 没有任何东西、没有事
【用法讲解】 nothing在句中可作主语、宾语和表语，也可作后置定语。
Eg: I have nothing to say about this matter.
关于这件事，我无话可说。
There is nothing in this box.
这盒子里没有任何东西。
He achieved nothing in his life.
他一生中一事无成。
【常见搭配】 nothing but 仅仅、只有
For nothing 徒劳无功、免费
Come to nothing 失败、无结果
Have nothing to do 无事可做
Eg: I have nothing but praise for his work.
我对他的工作只有赞扬。
He worked hard for nothing.
他白忙了一场。
Their plan came to nothing.
他们的计划失败了。
I have nothing to do this afternoon.
今天下午我无事可做。
【即学即用】
(1)-- Mum, can I have something to drink
-- Sorry, there’s _______ in the fridge.
A.anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
答案： B
5.British (形容词) 英国的、英国人的
【用法讲解】 British还可为名词，译为“英国人”。
Eg: British cuisine is famous for its diversity and rich flavors.
英国美食以其多样性和丰富的口感而闻名。
The British people are known for their sense of humour and politeness.
英国人以其幽默感和礼貌而闻名。
【派生词】 Britain为名词，译为“英国”。
Eg: In Britain and the US, people get the vote at 18.
在英国和美国，国民18岁开始有选举权。
【即学即用】
1._________ (Britain) history is full of fascinating stories and important events.
答案：British
6.Actress (名词) 女演员
【用法讲解】 actress为可数名词，其复数形式为actresses。
Eg: She is a famous actress.
她是一个著名的女演员。
【派生词】 act为动词，译为“扮演、充当、起作用”；
Active为形容词，译为“活跃的、活泼的”；
activity为名词，译为“活动”；
Actor为名词，译为“男演员”；
【即学即用】
1.She wants to be an _________ (act), but her parents disapprove.
答案：actress
7.Silver (形容词) 银制的、银质的
Eg: She won a silver medal in the high jump.
她跳高得了银牌。
Silver is the most malleable of all metals.
银是所有金属中延展性最好的。
【常见搭配】 Silver lining 一线光明
Silver hair 银发
Silver screen 电影业（尤指好莱坞）
Eg: Every cloud has a silver lining.
乌云背后总有一线希望。
His silver hair gleamed in the sunlight.
他的银发在阳光下闪闪发光。
In the 1930s, actresses on the silver screen
looked elegant and sophisticated.
1930年代，荧光幕上的女演员看起来既优雅又世故。
【知识拓展】 gold为形容词时，译为“金的”，作为名词时，译为“金”；
bronze为形容词时，译为“铜的”，作为名词时，译为“铜”。
Eg: He won three golds and a bronze.
他获得三枚金牌和一枚铜牌。
【即学即用】
1.但是这里有一个重要的要考虑到的“好处”。
But there is a _________ ________ here that is important to consider.
答案：silver lining
8.Doubt (名词) 怀疑
【用法讲解】 doubt为不可数名词；doubt还可为动词，译为“怀疑”。
Eg: There is some doubt about his honesty.
对他的诚实性存在疑问。
I don’t doubt that he is honest.
我毫不怀疑他是诚实的。
【常见搭配】 without doubt = There is no doubt ... 毫无疑问地
No doubt 无疑地、很可能
In doubt 有疑问
To one’s doubt 令人怀疑的是
Doubt sb. (about sth.) 怀疑某人某事
Eg: The answer is without doubt correct.
答案无疑是正确的。
There can be no doubt that she has been studying hard.
毫无疑问她一直很努力学习。
His name is in doubt.
他的名字有待商榷。
To my doubt, he will succeed.
令我怀疑的是他会成功。
I doubt him (about his honesty).
我怀疑他（是否诚实）。
【派生词】 doubtful为形容词，译为“可疑的、不确定的”；
doubtless为形容词，译为“无疑的”。
Eg: The outcome is doubtful.
结果难以预料。
It’s doubtless true.
这无疑是真的。
【即学即用】
( )1. ______ is now no ______ that global warming is a threat to us all.
A.There; doubt B. There; need C. It; doubt D. It; need
答案： A
9.Fear (名词) 害怕、恐惧、担忧
【用法讲解】 fear还可为动词，译为“害怕、担心、忧虑”。
Eg: I have a fear of heights.
我害怕高处。
There is a fear of a further increase in prices.
人们担心价格进一步上涨。
He fears the dark. 他害怕黑暗。
【常见搭配】 Have no fear 不要害怕、别担心
For fear of... 由于怕...、以防...
In fear of ... 害怕、担心
fear doing sth. 害怕做某事
Fear for ... 担心、忧虑
Eg: Now I have no fear.
现在我不害怕。
She avoided the topic for fear of offending him.
她避免了这个话题，以免冒犯他。
They worked in fear of being caught.
他们在害怕被抓的状态下工作。
He fears disappointing others.
他害怕让别人失望。
She felt fear for her son’s safety.
她为儿子的安全担忧。
【派生词】 fearful为形容词，译为“害怕的、担心的”；
fearless为形容词，译为“无畏的”。
Eg: Parents are ever fearful for their children.
父母总是为子女担忧。
Lu Xun is a fearless fighter.
鲁迅是一名无畏的战士。
【即学即用】
1.When you are ________ (fear), you can go a lot faster.
答案：fearless
10.Succeed (动词) 成功、达成
【用法讲解】 succeed作动词还可译为“继任、接替、紧接着”，。
Eg: He succeeded at his new project.
他在新项目上取得成功。
The vice president will succeed the president.
副总统将继任总统。
Night succeeds day.
夜晚紧接着白天而来。
【常见搭配】 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
Succeed at sth. 在某种技能或学科上取得成就
Succeed to sth. 继承（地位、财产等）
Succeed with sth. 在某方面获得成功
Eg: We succeeded in repairing the engine.
我们成功地修好了发送机。
He succeeded at playing the piano.
他在弹钢琴上取得了成功。
She succeeded to the throne.
她继承了王位。
He succeeded with his business plan.
他的商业计划获得了成功。
【派生词】 success为不可数名词，译为“成功、胜利、成就”；
successful为形容词，译为“成功的”；
successfully为副词，译为“成功地”。
Eg: Their success is due in large part to their determination.
他们成功在很大程度上应归于他们的决心。
She is a successful actress.
她是一名成功的演员。
They successfully communicate their knowledge to others.
他们成功地把知识传授给他人。
【常见搭配】 the key to success 成功的秘诀
Be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
Eg: Do you know the key to success
你知道成功的秘诀吗？
They were successful in winning the contract.
他们终于争取了那份合同。
【即学即用】
1.She succeeded in __________ (pass) the exam.
答案：passing
11.Excellent (形容词) 卓越的、极好的
【用法讲解】 excellent在句中常作定语或表语；在口语中可作感叹词单独使用。
Eg: Miss Wang is an excellent teacher.
王老师是一个极好的老师。
The service was excellent.
服务非常出色。
Excellent! Let’s go!
太好了！我们走吧！
【常见搭配】 be excellent at (doing sth.) 擅长于(做某事)...
Eg: She is excellent at painting. 她擅长绘画。
【即学即用】
1.他很擅长解决复杂问题。
He _______ ________ _______ solving complex problems.
答案：is excellent at
12.Second (名词) 秒
【用法讲解】 second为可数名词，其复数形式为seconds；second还可为two的序数词，译为“第二”；second还可为动词，译为“支持、赞同”。
Eg: It only takes a few seconds to prepare a cup of coffee.
仅需几秒钟就可以准备一杯咖啡。
The runner finished second place in the marathon.
这位选手在马拉松比赛中获得第二名。
I second your proposal to organize a company - wide event.
我支持你组织一场全公司性的活动的提议。
【常见搭配】 second to none 首屈一指、无人能敌
Eg: When it comes to cooking, my mother is second to none.
在烹饪方面，你妈妈的技艺无与伦比。
【派生词】 secondly为副词，译为“第二点、其次”。
Eg: Firstly, we need to analyze the problem; secondly, we should find solutions.
首先，我们需要分析问题；其次，我们应该寻找解决方案。
【即学即用】
1.The _________ (two) book on the shelf is mine.
答案：second
13.Satisfy (动词) 使（某人）满意
【用法讲解】 satisfy后面接名词或代词作宾语，也可用于被动语态结构，但不用于进行时。
Eg: She cooked a delicious meal to satisfy her guests.
她做了一顿美味的饭菜来让客人满意。
He tried to satisfy me of his sincerity.
他竭力让我相信他的诚意。
【常见搭配】 be satisfied with ... 对...满意
Satisfy oneself 彻底弄清楚
Satisfy one’s needs/ curiosity 满足某人的需求/好奇心
Eg: I am satisfied with the result.
我对结果很满意。
He satisfied himself with his achievements.
他对自己的成就感到很满足。
He read the book to satisfy his curiosity.
他读那本书来满足他的好奇心。
【派生词】 satisfaction为名词，译为“满意”。
Eg: It gave me a feeling of satisfaction.
这给了我一种满足感。
【即学即用】
1.我们将尽力满足你的要求。
We will try our best to _______ _______ _______.
答案：satisfy your needs
14.Risky (形容词) 有危险的、有风险的
【用法讲解】 risky在句中常作定语或表语。
Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport.
高空跳伞是一项高风险运动。
Investing in startups is risky but potentially rewarding.
投资初创公司有风险，但可能有高回报。
【派生词】 risk为名词，译为“风险、危险性”；risk还可为动词，译为“冒险”。
Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business.
他愿意冒险创办自己的公司。
I wouldn’t risk driving in such bad weather.
我不会冒着这么恶劣的天气开车的。
【常见搭配】 at risk 处于危险中
Risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
Risk one’s life 冒着生命危险
Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有几十万人正处于危险中。
She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption.
她因公开反对腐败而冒着失业的风险。
They risk their lives to save the drowning child.
他们冒着生命危险去救那个溺水的孩子。
【即学即用】
1.Smoking is a ________ (risk) habit that increases the chance of lung cancer.
答案：risky
15.Zero (数词) 零
【用法讲解】 zero还可作可数名词，译为“零点、零度”，其复数形式为zeros；zero还可为动词，译为“将...归零、瞄准、集中注意力”；zero亦可作形容词，译为“全无的、没有的”。
Eg: The temperature could fall below zero overnight.
气温可能降到零度以下。
Zero books were left on the shelf.
书架上没有书了。
He has zero chance of winning the election.
他赢得选举的机会为零。
You need to zero the scales before weighing anything.
在称重之前，你需要将天平归零。
He has a zero tolerance policy for dishonesty.
他对不诚实行动采取零容忍政策。
【常见搭配】 zero in (on) 瞄准、对准、集中于
Eg: The police zeroed in on the suspect’s car.
警察集中注意力于嫌疑人的车。
【即学即用】
1.We won the game with a score of five to ______ (零).
答案：zero
16.Olympics (名词) 奥林匹克运动会、奥运会
【用法讲解】 Olympics是Olympic的复数形式，通常指奥林匹克运动会或多届奥运会。
Eg: The Olympics are held every four years.
奥运会每四年举办一次。
【常见搭配】 winter Olympics 冬季奥运会
Summer Olympics 夏季奥运会
Eg: The city will host the next winter Olympics.
这个城市将举办下一届冬奥会。
【即学即用】
1.She won a gold medal in the O_________.
答案：Olympics
17.Athlete (名词) 运动员、田径运动员
【用法讲解】 athlete为可数名词，其复数形式为athletes。
Eg: He became a professional athlete at the age of 19.
他19岁成为职业运动员。
【即学即用】
1.She is one of the most talented _________ (athlete) in the team.
答案：athletes
18.Youngster (名词) 年轻人
【用法讲解】 youngster为可数名词，其复数形式为youngsters。
Eg: The park is full of youngsters playing football on weekends.
周末公园里满是踢足球的年轻人。
【易混辨析】 teenager、youth与adolescent区别：
teenager特指13-19岁的青少年，年龄范围明确；
youth泛指青年群体，更抽象或集体化；
adolescent泛指青春期人群，无明确年龄界限。
Eg: Despite his age, he is still a youngster at heart and loves skateboarding.
尽管他年纪不小了，但心态依然年轻，热爱滑板运动。
They were fine specimens of British youth!
他们堪称英国青年的优秀代表。
Most adolescent problems are temporary.
多数青少年问题是暂时性的。
【即学即用】
1.More than six million y__________ tune in to the show every day.
答案：youngsters
19.Stick (动词) 粘、贴
【用法讲解】 stick可作动词，译为“粘贴、卡住”；stick也为可数名词，其复数形式为sticks，还可译为“棍、棒”。
Eg: The glue stuck the paper to the wall.
胶水把纸粘在了墙上。
The coin stuck in the slot.
硬币卡在了插槽里。
The tree has many sticks.
这棵树有很多枝条。
Did you see my walking stick
你看见我的拐棍了吗？
【常见搭配】 stick out 伸出
Stick to 坚持、信守
Stick with 继续做
Eg: He stuck out his hand to shake hands with me.
他伸出手和我握手。
He stuck to his decision despite the opposition.
尽管遭到反对，他还是坚持自己的决定。
He stuck with his studies even when he was tired.
即使累了，他还是坚持学习。
【即学即用】
1.坚持你的原则，就会胜利。
_______ ______ your principles, and you will win through.
答案： Stick to
20.Superman (名词) 超人
【用法讲解】 superman为可数名词，其复数形式为supermen。
Eg: Lucy drew a picture of Superman.
露西画了一幅超人的画。
【即学即用】
1.The young men look like _________ (superman).
答案：supermen

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