Unit 1 friendship 知识梳理 译林版(2024)八年级上册新课标(核心素养)同步大师课堂

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Unit 1 friendship 知识梳理 译林版(2024)八年级上册新课标(核心素养)同步大师课堂

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Unit 1 Friendship 知识梳理
2025-2026 学年八年级英语上册新课标(核心素养)同步大师课堂
重点单词与词语
知识点一
一、重点单词
friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊
honest / n st/ adj. 诚实的,正直的
cheerful / t fl/ adj. 快乐的,高兴的
humorous / hju m r s/ adj. 幽默的
caring / ke r / adj. 关心他人的,体贴人的
truth /tru θ/ n. 事实
joke /d k/ n. 笑话,玩笑
laugh /lɑ f/ vi.&vt. 笑,发笑 n.笑声;笑料
teenager / ti ne d (r)/ n. 青少年
unhappy / n h pi/ adj. 不开心的
lie /la / vi. 撒谎;躺 n.谎言
person / p sn/ n. 人,个人
thought /θ t/ n. 想法,主意
thoughtful / θ tfl/ adj. 体贴的;深思的
ponytail / p nite l/ n. 马尾辫
seat /si t/ n. 座位
schoolwork / sku lw k/ n. 学校作业
trustworthy / tr stw i/ adj. 值得信赖的
patient / pe nt/ adj. 有耐心的 n.病人
understand / nd st nd/ vt.&vi. 理解(过去式 / 过去分词 understood)
bit /b t/ n. 小量
funny / f ni/ adj. 好笑的
sense /sens/ n. 理解力;感觉
bored /b d/ adj. 厌倦的(修饰人)
energetic / en d et k/ adj. 精力充沛的
active / kt v/ adj. 积极的;活跃的
encourage / n k r d / vt. 鼓励
believe /b li v/ vt. 相信
secret / si kr t/ n. 秘密
worse /w s/ adj. 更差的
worst /w st/ adj. 最差的
height /ha t/ n. 身高,高度
sec. /sek/ abbr. 秒(全写:second)
test /test/ n. 测验,考查 v.测试
badminton / b dm nt n/ n. 羽毛球运动
however /ha ev (r)/ adv. 然而
balloon /b lu n/ n. 气球
scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕,恐惧
nearby / n ba / adv./adj. 在附近/附近的
fight /fa t/ vt.&vi. 搏斗,打斗;
dead /ded/ adj. 死的
attack / t k/ vi.&vt. 攻击,袭击 n.袭击
danger / de nd (r)/ n. 危险
brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的
nod /n d/ vi.&vt. 点头(过去式 / 过去分词 nodded)
once /w ns/ conj. 一…… 就,一旦 n.一次
feeling / fi l / n. 情感;感觉
plastic / pl st k/ adj./n. 塑料的/塑料
二、重点短语
enrich our lives 丰富我们的生活
some teenagers' best friends; 一些青少年做好的朋友
better understand how important friends are 更好地理解朋友有多重要
an important part of our lives 我们生活的重要部分
what qualities 什么品质
make friends 交朋友
get along with them 和他们相处
What makes good friends 什么成为好朋友
makes your friend so special 使你的朋友如此特别
Tell the truth 讲实话
Be happy to do 快乐做某事
Listen to you when you have problems 当你有问题时倾听你
Be good at telling jokes to make you laugh 擅长讲笑话逗我笑
Stand by your side 站在你身边,支持你
need support 需要支持
Support doing 支持做某事
kind and caring 友好关心
lie to you 对你说谎
trust them 信任他们
spend time with them 花时间陪他们
make you happy 使你快乐
help you become a better person 帮你成为更好的人
Thank you for sharing your thoughts 谢谢你分享你的想法
a slim girl with big bright eyes 一个有着又大又明亮眼睛的瘦女孩
longer than mine 比我的长
wear her hair in a ponytail. 把头发扎成马尾辫
be ready to help anyone any time. 乐意随时帮助别人
give up her seat on the bus to someone in need 在公交车让位给需要的人
helps us with our schoolwork. 帮助我们的作业
something worries me 有事烦扰我
go to her 找她
Be patient enough to listen to me 足够耐心请听我
how to cheer me up 如何让我振作
feeling down. 情绪低落
the most wonderful friend 最棒的朋友
the tallest boy in our class 我们班最高的男孩
wears small round glasses. 带着小圆眼镜
make him look a little bit funny. 使他看起来有一点滑稽
has a great sense of humour 有一种很棒的幽默感
never feel bored with him around. 永远不会觉得无聊
Stays active from doing sports 通过做运动保持活力
seems to get tired. 看起来累了
a cheerful person 一个令人振奋的人
feel like doing 想要做
give up on difficult tasks 在困难任务上放弃
encourage me to keep trying 鼓励我坚持尝试
That means a lot to me. 对我来说意味着很多
be best friends for life 生命中最好的朋友
In what ways 在哪些方面
like being with him 喜欢和他在一起
it's good to share interests with our best friends. 和我们的好友分享兴趣很好
What's more 而且
sounds like a good friend 听起来是一个好朋友
need someone to talk to 需要有人谈话
have something on my mind 心里有事
be great at keeping secrets. 擅长保守秘密
Be lucky to 幸运做某事
have such great friends 有如此棒的朋友
make friends with 和。。。交朋友
attract you most 最吸引你
The fastest swimmer of the six students 六个孩子游泳最快的
look on the bright side of things 看到事情光明的一面
have a sleepless night 有一个不眠之夜
be worried about 担忧某事
feel helpless 感觉无助
The next day 第二天
come and give me some useful advice. 来给我一些有用的建议
With a blue cloudy sky 有着蓝天白云的天空
play badminton for about an hour 打一小时羽毛球
bring water for me 给我带水
in fact 事实上
hopeless at most sports 不擅长大部分运动
give me many useful tips 给我很多有用的建议
walk around the park 公园散步
see people flying kites 看见有人正在放风筝
many colorful kites in the sky 空中许多五彩斑斓的风筝
get caught in a tree 困在树上
take it down for him 给他拿下来
come towards 向..走来
climb up a tree 爬一棵树
another tree nearby 附近的另外一棵树
fight the bear alone 独自斗熊
lie down on the ground 躺在地上
leave me alone 别管我
come close to the friend 靠近朋友
come down from the tree 从树上下来
say something to 对某事说什么
in times of danger 在危险时刻
join a club 参加俱乐部
be brave and talk to others 勇敢和其他人谈论
be nice to others 对其他人友好
smile at others 对其他人微笑
sit next to others on a bus 在公交车上坐在别人旁边
ask a friend to introduce you to others 叫一个朋友把你介绍给其他人
be patient 耐心
from time to time. 偶尔
care about 关心
build strong and healthy friendships 建立强大健康的友情
one of the best ways of making friends is to 交朋友最好的方式之一就是。。。
give you a chance to 给你一个机会做某事
meet people with the same interest 见和你有相同兴趣的人
talk to someone new 和一些新人谈话
make sure your friendship lasts 确保你们的友情长久
a good listener 一个好的倾听者
nod your head 点头
share happy times together 一起分享快乐时光
Cheer each other up during bad times 在困难时刻互相打气
just a few 只要几个
the more friends you have,the better 你有越多的朋友,就越好
Play team games together like 玩像。。。的团队游戏
have more time and energy to support each 有更好的时间和精力互相支撑
other.
have a point 有道理
at a dance club. 在一个舞蹈俱乐部
bright smiling eyes 明亮的笑眼
make her look pretty and kind 让她看起来可爱善良
do well in 擅长
be always kind to give me help. 一直很善良给我帮助
try to help 努力帮忙
keep it a secret for me. 为我保守秘密
重点句型
知识点二
1. Friendships enrich our lives. 友谊丰富了我们的生活。
2. What makes your friend so special 什么使你的朋友如此特别?
3. Listen to you when you have problems. 当你有困难时听你(诉说)。
4. Be good at telling jokes to make you happy. 擅长讲笑话来使你开心。
5. Stand by your side when you need support. 当你需要支持时站在你身边。
6. What do you think makes good friends 你觉得什么促成了好朋友?
7. Thank you for sharing your thoughts. 谢谢你分享你的想法。
8. Betty, my best friend, is a slim girl with big bright eyes.
贝蒂,我最好的朋友,是一个苗条的女孩,有着一双又大又明亮的眼睛。
9. She usually wears her hair in a ponytail. 她经常把头发束成马尾。
10. Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone any time. 贝蒂善良且乐于助人,随时准备帮助任何人。
11. She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork.
她总是在公交车上让座给有需要的人,并且她经常我们解决家作中的问题。
12. When something worries me. I always go to her. 当有事烦扰我时,我总是去找她。
13. She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well. 她很有耐心听我说话,也很理解我。
14. She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down. 当我情绪低落时,她知道如何让我振作起来。
15. You will never feel bored with him around. 有他在身边,你永远不会感到无聊。
16. He stays active from doing sports to other club activities and never seems to get tired.
从运动到其他俱乐部活动,他都很活跃,并且似乎从不会累。
17. Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, but he always encourages me to keep trying.
有时候我感觉对艰巨的任何不抱希望,但他总是鼓励我一直尝试下去。
18. That means a lot to me. 那对我来说意义重大。
19. I believe we will be best friends for life. 我相信我们会成为一生最好的朋友。
20. In what ways is Betty helpful Betty 在哪些方面乐于助人?
21. What quality do Betty and Max have in common Betty 和 Max 有什么共同的品质?
22. It’s good to share interests with our best friends. 与我们最好的朋友分享兴趣很不错。
23. What’s more, he is really a cheerful person. 此外,他真是个开朗的人。
23. She is always there when I need someone to talk to. 当我需要有人倾诉时,她总是在那里。
24. When I have something on my mind, I always go to her. 当我有什么心事时,我总是去找她。
25. We are lucky to have such great friends. 我们很幸运拥有这么好的朋友。
26. He always look on the bright side of things. 他总是看到事情好的一面。
27. The next day, Max came and gave me some useful advice. 第二天,Max过来并且给了我一些有用的建议。
28. Simon was thoughtful and brought water for me. Simon 非常体贴并且为我带了水。
29. I’m hopeless at most most sports. 我对大多数运动都好不擅长。
30. Later, a boy’s balloon got caught in a tree and Simon took it down for him.
后来,一个男孩的气球卡在了树上,西蒙帮他把它拿了下来。
31. Suddenly, they saw a bear coming towards them. 突然,他们看到一头熊朝他们走了过来。
32. One of the friends climbed up the tree. 其中一个朋友爬上了树。
33. He lay down on the ground. 他躺在地上。
34. The bear will leave me alone if it thinks I’m dead. 如果熊认为我死了,它就会放过我。
35. The bear came close to the friend on the ground and smelt his head. 熊走近地上的朋友,闻了闻他的头。
36. When the bear was gone, the other friend came down from the tree. 熊走后,另一个朋友从树上下来。
37. It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger. 它说,真正的朋友不应该在危险的时候离开你。
38. One of the best ways of making friends is to join a club. 交朋友的最好方法之一就是加入俱乐部。
39. This will give you a chance to meet people with the same interest as you.
这将为你提供一个机会,结识与你有着相同兴趣的人。
40. Once you are friends, there are some easy ways to make sure your friendship lasts.
一旦你们成为朋友,有一些简单的方法可以确保你们的友谊持续下去。
41. You are a good listener. 你是一个好的倾听者。
42. You should share your happy times together and cheer each other up during bad times.
你们应该一起分享快乐时光,并且在糟糕的时候互相鼓舞。
43. I think the more friends you have, the better. 我认为朋友越多越好。
44. With just a few friends, you get to know each other better and have more time and energy to support each other.
只有几个朋友,你们就能更好地了解对方,有更多的时间和精力互相支持。
45. Maybe you have a point. 也许你说得有道理。
46. How do you feel about your best friend 你觉得你最好的朋友怎么样?
47. I met her five years ago at a dance club. 我五年前在一家舞蹈俱乐部认识了她。
48. I like her bright smiling eyes. 我喜欢她明亮的带笑的眼睛。
49. She always keeps it a secret for me. 她总是为我将它保密。
50. Every time I feel down, she will cheer me up and make me feel better.
每次我情绪低落时,她都会让我振作起来,让我感觉好些。
知识点三 重点语法
形容词的比较级与最高级
一、基本概念
1. 形容词的三个等级
原级(原形):原级也就是单词的原形,主要用于描述事物原本的属性,表达“… 的”这样的含义。例如
“tall”,用于描述人或物体具有“高的”这一特征;“beautiful”,用于形容人或事物展现出“美丽的”特质。
比较级:当需要对两个事物进行比较时,就会用到比较级,它表达的是“更…”的意思。比如“taller”,是
在比较两者高度时,用来表示其中一方比另一方“更高”;“more beautiful”则是在对两者的美丽程度进行对比
时,说明一方比另一方“更美丽”。
最高级:当比较的对象达到三个及以上时,就需要使用最高级,它传达的是“最…”的概念。像“tallest”,
在多个对象的高度比较中,用来指出其中“最高的”那一个;“most beautiful”则是在众多对象的美丽程度对比
里,表明某一个是“最美丽的”。
二、规则变化
(一)单音节 / 部分双音节形容词
变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 例句
Tom is the tallest in our class. 直接加 -er/-est tall taller tallest
(汤姆是班上最高的。)
变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 例句
以 e 结尾,加 - This flower is nicer than that one.
nice nicer nicest
r/-st (这朵花比那朵美。)
辅音 + y → She is the busiest student today.
busy busier busiest
i+er/est (她今天是最忙的学生。)
重读闭音节双 The elephant is bigger than the horse.
big bigger biggest
写辅音字母 (大象比马大。)
特殊双音节
This river is the narrowest of the three. (-ow/-er 结 narrow narrower narrowest
(这条河是三条中最窄的。) 尾)
(二)多音节 / 其他双音节形容词(规则:前加 more/most)
原级 比较级 最高级 例句
Lily is more beautiful than Lucy. beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
(莉莉比露西美。)
This is the most dangerous animal in the zoo. dangerous more dangerous most dangerous
(这是动物园里最危险的动物。)
(三)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级 例句
原级 比较级 最高级 例句
This book is better than that one. good/well better best
(这本书比那本好。)
The weather today is worse than yesterday. bad worse worst
(今天天气比昨天差。)
He is my elder brother. old older/elder oldest/eldest
(他是我哥哥。)(elder 仅用于家人)
I can run farther than you. far farther/further farthest/furthest
(我比你跑得远。)
三、核心用法
(一)比较级(专门用于两者之间的对比情况)
1.标志词:在使用比较级进行两者对比时,常见的标志词有“than”,它直接表明前后两者存在比较关系;
“of the two”,用于从特定的两者之中进行比较选择;“Which...A or B ”这种特殊疑问句形式,也是在两者 A
和 B 之间进行比较,询问哪一个更具某种特性。
[示例分析]
“Lucy is taller than Lily.”,此句清晰地表明在露西和莉莉这两人之间,露西的身高比莉莉更高。
“This is the better one of the two pens.”,该句指出在这两支笔当中,所提及的这支是更好的那一支。
2. 修饰词强化:为了更精确地描述两者之间的差异程度,会用到一些修饰词,如“much/a little/a
bit/even/still”,它们能够加强比较级的程度。例如“ The cake is much sweeter than candy.”,这里“much”的使用,
强调了蛋糕比糖果甜的程度差距较大,即蛋糕比糖果甜得多。
(二)最高级(适用于三者及以上的比较场景)
1. 标志词:当涉及到三者及以上的比较时,常用标志词有“in”,后面接范围,明确在某个特定范围里进
行比较;“of”,后接群体,表示从某一群体中进行比较;“one of...”,用于表达在众多事物当中,某一个是具有
某种特性的其中之一。
[示例分析]
“She is the tallest in our class.”,意思是在整个班级这个范围内,她的身高是最高的。
“This is one of the most interesting books I’ve read.”,此句表明在“我”读过的众多书籍里,这本书是最有
趣的书籍之一。
2.注意事项:在使用最高级时,需要特别注意,一般情况下,最高级前必须加“the”,以体现其唯一性和
特定性。然而,当句子中有物主代词时,就不需要再加“the”了。例如“He is my the best friend.”这种表述是错
误的,因为物主代词“my”已经对“best friend”进行了限定,所以正确的表述应该是“He is my best friend.” 。
(三)特殊句型
在英语的学习中,存在一些特殊句型,它们有着独特的表达意义和用法。其中比较典型的两种特殊句
型如下:
1. 比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越…):此句型用于描述事物随着时间或其他因素的发展,在程度上
不断加深的变化。例如:“The weather is getting warmer and warmer.” 这句话生动地描绘出天气逐渐变暖的过
程,其中 “warmer and warmer” 就直观地传达出 “越来越暖” 的意思,让我们清晰地感受到天气变化的趋势。
2.The + 比较级,the + 比较级(越…,越…):该句型通常用于表示两个事物之间的比例关系,即一个
事物的变化会导致另一个事物相应地发生变化。例如:“The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get.” 它清
晰地表明了学习努力程度与所取得成绩之间的关联,意味着付出越多的努力,就会获得越好的成绩,这种
表达简洁而有力地揭示了两者之间的因果联系。
四、易错警示(八年级高频错误)
1.比较对象一致性
[错误示例]My room is bigger than my sister.
此句错误原因在于比较对象不一致,房间不能直接与姐姐进行比较,两者属于不同类型的事物。
[正确示例]My room is bigger than my sister’s.
这里“my sister’s”实际上等同于“my sister’s room”,这样就保证了比较的是两个房间,使比较对象一致。
2.最高级范围表达
[正确示例]He is the tallest in his family.
在表达最高级时,“in + 范围”,比如这里“in his family”表示在家庭这个范围里;“of + 群体”,是另一种
常见的搭配,用于明确范围。
3.多音节词比较级形式
[错误示例]This story is importanter than that one.
“important”是多音节词,不能直接在词尾加“ er”构成比较级。
[正确示例]This story is more important than that one.
多音节词的比较级通常是在词前加“more”,以此来正确表达比较关系。
重点知识
知识点四
1.What makes your friend so special
1) what 或 who 作主语疑问词 what 或 who 用作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
What is very popular this year
今年什么很流行
Who teaches you English
谁教你英语
2)make 的用法
v.成为; 做;制作 make an excellent teacher 成为一名优秀的老师
make a kite 制作一个风筝
使某人做某事 make sb. do sth.
使某人/某物处于某种状态 make + sb. / sth. + adj.
v.使,让(使役动词) *使某事怎样 make + it(形宾)+adj.+to do
make a decision 做决定
make up one's mind to do ... 下定决心去做...
make fun of 取笑,嘲笑
make use of 利用
make sure 确保
make up 组成;化妆;编造;弥补
其他短语
be made up of 由...组成
be made of / from 由...制成(看得出/看不出原材料)
make sth. into sth. 把...制成/变成
make a difference to 对...有影响,起作用
【拓展】
①“四看三让二听一感” (see, look at, watch, notice, make, let, have, listen to,hear) + sb + do sth,后跟省略 to 的
不定式做宾语补足语。表示做某事的全过程,或表示经常做某事。变成被动语态,不定式 to 要还原。
He often saw the baby cry.
2.tell the truth
true 形容词,意为“确实的;的确” ,强调事实、故事、消息等是真的,与客观事实致,不是假的。
常用短语: come true“实现” 。反义词为 false
It's a true story.
这是一个真实的故事。
Your dream will come true.
你的梦想会实现的。
【拓展 1】true 的副词形式为 truly,名词形式为 truth
【拓展 2】true 强调符合事实,是真的而不是假的,real 强调人或事物真实存在,而不是虚构的
3.be good at telling jokes to make you laugh
joke 此处用作可数名词,意为“玩笑”。 tell a (funny) joke 意为“讲(有趣的)笑话”。
Tom often tells his fiends funny jokes.
汤姆经常給他的朋友们讲有趣的笑话。
【拓展】与 joke 相关的短语:
play joke on sb.取笑某人 make a joke 开玩笑
4.I think good friends should be kind and caring.
care 此处用作不及物动词,意为“关心,关注,在意” ,常与 about 或 for 连用。 care about 意为“关心,
关怀,在意”;
care for 意为“喜欢;照顾” ,当意为“照顾”时相当于 look after 或 take care of。
I know my parents care about me.
我知道我父母关心我。
I don't care about what you'll say.
我不在乎你会说什么。
She cares for her sick father.她照顾她生病的父亲。
= She looks after her sick father. = She takes care of her sick father.
【拓展 1】care 还可以作不可数名词,意为“小心;照料” 例:Take care! = Be careful! 小心!
【拓展 2】careful 形容词,意为“仔细的,小心的”;careless 形容词,意为“粗心的,大意的” carefully 副
词,意为“仔细地,小心地”;carelessly 副词,意为“粗心地,大意地”
5.they should also be honest, they don’t lie to you, so you can trust them.
1)honest 形容词,意为“诚实的;正直的”,在句中可作定语或表语。其反义词为 dishonest,意为“不 诚实的”。
Tom is an honest boy.
汤姆是个诚实的男孩。
He is honest.
他很正直。
【拓展】
①to be honest 意为“老实说;坦白说” ,相当于 to tell the truth,作插入语。
To be honest, I don't like the music at all.
说实话,我一点儿也不喜欢这首音乐。
②be honest with sb.意为“对某人诚实”。
You should be honest with your parents.
你应该对你父母诚实。
【注意】honest 的读音以元音音素开头,当它与不定冠词连用时,应用不定冠词 an。an honest boy
2) trust n/v. 信任,相信;信赖 = believe in
You can't trust the English weather I have no trust in you.
3) lie 此处用作可数名词,意为“谎言” 。tell lies 意为“撒谎”,与 tell a lie 同义。
He likes to tell lies.=He likes to tell a lie.他喜欢撒谎。
【拓展】lie 还可用作不及物动词,意为“说谎;躺;位于”。其现在分词为 lying。
Don't believe him. He is lying.
不要相信他。他在说谎。
Please lie down and rest.
请躺下休息下。
【辨析】tell, speak, say, talk
tell:告诉,辨别; tell lies 说谎;tell jokes 说笑话;tell the difference 辨别不同之处
speak:说话,演讲;speak English 说英语
say:说,讲;后面跟说话的具体内容。
talk:谈话,讨论 talk with/to sb about sth 跟某人讨论某事
6.polite and tidy,hard-working
1) polite 形容词,意为“礼貌的” ,其反义词为 rude 或 impolite,意为“不礼貌的”。polite 在句中可作定语或
表语。be polite to sb.意为“对某人有礼貌”。
Tom is a polite student
.汤姆是个有礼貌的学生。
He is very polite to the old
.他对老年人很有礼貌。
2) tidy 此处用作形容词,意为“爱整洁的,整洁的,井然有序的”,强调清洁且整理得井然有序。它的反义
词是 untidy。
I am a tidy boy.
我是个爱整洁的男孩。
Our classroom is very tidy.
我们的教室很整洁。
【拓展】tidy 可以做动词,意为“使整洁,使整齐,整理”
tidy up 收拾干净,整理妥当
Tom, you should tidy up your room. 汤姆,你应该整理干净你的屋子。
3) hard-working 形容词,意为“勤奋的,工作努力的” ,在句中可作表语或定语。
Tom is hard-working. He always works late.
汤姆很勤奋,他总是工作到很晚。
He is a hard-working man.
他是一个勤奋的人。
【拓展】
hard work 名词短语,意为“辛苦的工作 ”
This is hard work.
这是辛苦的工作。
work hard 短语动词,意为“工作努力 ”
He works hard every day.
他每天都努力工作。
7.Thank you for sharing your thoughts,class.
share 此处用作 及物动词,意为“分享” ,后面跟名词或代词。 share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。
I share a bedroom with my younger brother.
我和我弟弟同住一间卧室。
I have a big cake. Let's share it.
我有一个大蛋糕。让我们分享它吧。
8. Kind and helpful,Betty is ready to help anyone any time.
1) be ready to do sth.此处意为“乐意做某事”,与 be willing to do sth. 同义。
I am ready to chat with him in English.
我乐意跟他用英语聊天。
【拓展】be ready to do sth.还意为“准备好做某事”,相当于 get ready to do sth.。
The children are ready to have a picnic with their parents.
孩子们已经准备好跟父母一起去野餐。
2)any time 意为“在任何时候” ,也可写为 anytime ,前面不用介词。
If you have problems, call me any time.
如果有问题,你随时给我打电话。
9.she always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need.
need 的用法
sb. in need 有需要的人
in need of sth. 需要某物
n.需要,需求 satisfy / meet one's need 满足某人的需求
肯定 否定
实义动词 need to do sth. don't need to do sth.
v.需要 情态动词 need do sth. needn't do sth.
*特殊用法 主动表被动: sth. need doing = sth. need to be done
10.She often helps us with our schoolwork
help 的用法
n.帮助
Help v .帮助;有助于
helpful adj.乐于助人的
helpless adj.无助的;无能的
【重点短语】
1.帮助别人做某事 help sb. do / to do sth.
2.在某事上帮助某人 help sb. with sth.
3 不能帮忙做某事 can't help do / with sth.
4 情不自禁地做某事 can't help doing sth.
5 在某人的帮助下 with the help of sb.
【拓展】be helpful =be of (great) help
11.When something worries me, I always go to her.
worry 此处用作及物动词,意为“使担心,使烦恼”
The boy always worries his parents.
这个男孩总让父母担心。
【拓展】
①worry 还可用作不及物动词,意为“担心” ,worry about 意为“为....而担心” ,相当于 be worried about。
The teacher worries about/is worried about her students.
老师正在为她的学生们担心。
②worry 可用作不可数名词,意为“烦恼,担忧”;也可用作可数名词,意为“烦恼的事”。
Too much worry made him look very old.
他烦恼太多,人显得很老。
My mother has a lot of worries.
我妈妈有许多烦心事。
③worried 可做形容词,意为“担心的,担忧的 ”,常用短语:be worried about...“对...担忧的 ”
12.不定代词 something、nothing、anything、everything
something 某事物;一些事物 l want something to eat.
ls there anything in that box
anything 1.用于否定句/疑问句 They don't have anything to eat.
2.任何事物 I want something to eat. Anything will be OK.
1.一切事物;每样事物 This shop sells everything needed for camping.
everything 2.最重要的事(用作表语) Money is everything to him.
nothing 没什么东西 There's nothing interesting in the newspaper.
【注意】:
1.something 通常用于肯定句,anything 通常用于否定句或疑问句。
2.如果希望得到对方肯定的回答,问句中需要用 something 来表示。
3.修饰以上四个不定代词的形容词不能放前面,必须放它们的后面:
something, anything, everything, nothing+形容词/else
something, anything, everything, nothing+ to do 4.nothing & none 的区别
nothing “什么都没有” 常回答 what 疑问句
none “一个都没有,数量为 0” 常回答 How many/ much 疑问句
13.He is the tallest boy in tour class-almost 1.75metres.
almost 副词,意为“几乎; 差不多” ,常作状语,位于连系动词 be 、情态动词或助动词之后,实义 动词之
前,有时也可位于首。
Supper is almost ready.
晚饭就快做好了。
Almost no one believed him.
几乎没有一个人相信他。
14. He wears small,round glasses.
wear:“穿着,戴着” ,表示“状态”;脸上挂着...表情
She is wearing a pair of glass.
She always wears a smile on her face.
【拓展】
1) put on “穿上,戴上” ,强调动作,后接衣服、鞋帽等
Put on your coat or you will catch a cold.
穿上你的大衣吧,不然你会感冒的
注意:put on 的反义词为“take off” ,而不是“put off”
2) dress 作动词,“给... 穿衣服”dress sb ,“给自己穿衣服”dress oneself / get dressed ,“装扮 ”dress up
Jack is old enough to dress himself.
杰克足够大了,可以给自己穿衣服了。
3) in+颜色,表示穿着某个颜色衣服
the girl in red 穿红衣的女孩
4)on+某人,表示衣服穿在某人身上
You look wonderful on this pink dress.
你穿这条粉色裙子,真真儿是美呆了!
15.they make him look a little bit funny.
a little/ a few/ little/ few
(1)a little 有点儿+ adj 同义: a bit/ a little bit
Please close the window, I feel a little cold.
(2) [补充] a little/ a few/ little/ few 辨析
有点儿 (偏向于有) a little+不可数 n. 几乎没有 (偏向于没有) little+不可数 n.
a few+可数 n.复数 few+可数 n.复数
e.g. There are few eggs in the fridge. Let's go and buy some.
16.Max has a good sense of humour.
【精讲】sense / humour
1. humour (= humor) n.幽默
humorous adj.幽默的
2. sense n.感觉;意识
a sense of smell 嗅觉
common sense 常识
make sense 有意义;讲得通
sixth sense 第六感
3.幽默感 a sense of humor
方向感 a sense of direction
17.You will never feel bored with him around.
【精讲】-ed/-ing 形容词
1). feel bored with ... 对...感到无聊
be bored with = be tired of ... 对...感到厌烦
2).-ed / -ing 形容词
常修饰对象 含义 例子
-ed 结尾 人 自身“感觉... 的” l feel excited. / T'm interested in English.
-ing 结尾 事物 “令人感觉... 的” an exciting match / an interesting book
特殊:excited look 激动的表情(自身感觉激动的)
boring people 无聊之人(令人感觉无聊的)
18.but he always encourages me to keep trying.
keep 的用法
词性 词义 用法 范例
饲养 keep + n. keep a pet
keep healthy
v. 保持 keep + adj. / adv. keep off the wall
keep 继续 keep (on) doing sth. keep reading
keep sb. from doing sth
妨碍、阻止某人做某事 = stop sb from doing sth.
=prevent sb (from) doing sth.
19.It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger.
be in danger 意为“处在危险中”,指句子主语的处境 。
danger 的形容词形式为 dangerous ,指句子的主语对别人有危害。
out of danger 脱离危险
be in danger of ... 处于 … … 危险之中
20.join a club
Join 指加入组织,并成为其中一员
join the army / the Party / team / club / sb.
join in 指参加活动
join in a game / activity / sports meeting;也可用 join sb. in sth. / doing sth.
take part in 指参加活动,同 join in ,
take part in the sports meeting; ·
attend 指参加正式的场合,
attend the wedding / meeting / concert / school / class 等。
(三礼/两会/两上) 【注意】
take part in: part 前面无冠词,
take an active part in (积极参加): part 被形容词修饰时,前需用冠词 a / an
21.one of the best ways of making friends
one of the/one's+形容词最高级+可数名词复数意为“(某人)最 的... 之一.”
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
北京是中国最大的城市之一
【注意】one of..作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class 汤姆是我们班最高的男生之一.
One of my best fiends is Lily.我最好的朋友之一是莉莉。
22.I think it’s more important to have a few really good friends.
few、little、at most、at least
表示否定含义 表示肯定含义
修饰可数名词 few : “几乎没有” a few:“有一点”
修饰不可数名词 little: “几乎没有” a little:“有一点”
Few people understand the differences.
A few cars passed close by me.
There was little doubt in my mind.
a little sugar / tea few 和 little 的比较级:
原级 比较级 最高级
few fewer fewest
little less least
补充知识点:
含义 范例
“ 至 少 ” She must be at least 18.
“ 至 多 ” He must be at most 30.
“ 非 常 ” =very Yao Ming is not a little tall.
“ 一 点 都 不 ” = not … at all
I’m really not a bit surprised.
用法 范例
修饰名词 a little = a bit of He’d do anything for a bit of money.
修饰形容词 a little = a bit =a little bit I think people feel a bit more confident.
特殊使用 a little :“小的” A little husky makes a little noise.
23.you get to know each other better and have more time and energy to support
1)time
跟时间相关的表达 含义 范例
have time for sth. 有时间去做某事 We have little time for our hobbies everyday.
= have time to do sth.
have + time + of sth. 有多少时间的 … We have only 6 hours of sleep.
have a good time doing sth. 做某事做得很开心 Did you have a good time reading Oliver Twist
= enjoy doing sth.
= have fun doing sth.
2)support
①support n.支持(不可数)
Without your support, I couldn't pass the final.
②support v.支持,供养
Our teacher strongly supported us when we made our own decision.
The father made a living by selling books to support his family.
③supporter n. 支持者
I will always be your supporter.
24.Maybe you have point.
maybe 此处用作副词, 意为“可能,也许" ,通常用于句首。
Maybe you are right.或许你是对的。
Maybe he can work out the problem.
或许他能做出这道题。
【拓展】
may be 意为“也许是“是“情态动词 may+be“结构,但于主活后作谓语。 有时 may be 可与 maybe 进行同
义句转换。
He may be at home.=Maybe he is at home.
他也许在家。
25.What is he/she like
1.like v.喜欢 反义词: dislike
prep.像 反义词: unlike
2.like 相关疑问句
问长相 What be sb. like
(长相三问) What do / does sb. look like (像什么)
How do / does sb. look
问性格、品质 What be sb. like
What do you think of sth.
问评价、看法
How do you like / find /feel sth.
How's the weather / your new school
问天气/事物
What's the weather / your new school like
---What's he like 他是个什么样的人
---He's very kind.他很友善。
---What does she like 她喜欢什么
---She likes dancing.她喜欢跳舞。
---What does she look like 她长什么样
---She is tall and thin. 她又高又瘦。
26.she always tries to help and keeps it a secret for me.
1) try to do sth. VS try doing sth.
try to do sth.努力/试图做某事
As students, we should try to learn English well.
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
Tom tried solving this problem in this way.
2)keep a secret = keep secrets 意为“保守秘密”
Don't tell others .You must keep a secret
别告诉别人。你必须保守秘密。·
【拓展】secret 此处用作可数名词,意为“秘密” .还可意为“秘诀”。
No one knows. It's a secret。
没有人知道。这是一个秘密。
What is the secret of her success
她成功的秘诀是什么
27.Joan is also a cheerful.
【精讲】cheer/cheerful
1)cheer v. 欢呼,喝彩.
cheer for sb. 为某人喝彩
Come on! Let's go and cheer for our football team.
cheer up 振作起来
Cheer up! Let's go and have another try.
2) cheerful adj. 高兴的,兴高采烈的
Why are you so bright and cheerful today
(3) cheer n. 欢呼声;喝彩声
I heard the excited cheers from the crowd, and I knew our team won.

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