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(共41张PPT)
Unit 5
A delicate world
Part 1
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Cultural awareness: Improve the awareness of harmony between human and nature.
Language ability:Conclude the whole process about how Macquarie Island was afrected by humans. Retell how human interference affected Macquarie Island. Design a poster to call on people to protect Macquarie Island.
Learning ability: Cooperate with others and evaluate their own study.
Thinking quality:Express their views on how human and nature stay harmoniously.
Part 2
Lead-in
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1.Are humans part of Earth’s ecosystems Why
2.In what ways can humans affect ecosystems
Yes. Humans are part of Earth's ecosystems.
Because all living things live in ecosystems and people are living things.
Positive: people can plant trees, feed and protect animals, recycle things and so on.
Negative: The air and water pollution and excessive waste.
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
1.What is happening to the area
according to the satellite images
Aral Sea is becoming smaller and smaller/shrinking.
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
2.What do you think a later satellite image would show
Subsequent satellite images will show the Northern Aral Sea as the only blue spot, while the Southern Aral Sea will completely degenerate into a saline-alkali desert and scattered salt marshes. Salt dust activities on the lake bed will become the new normal. The superimposed effect of human activities and climate change has made the Aral Sea a typical remote sensing sample of the global ecological crisis.
后续卫星影像将以北咸海为唯一蓝色斑点，南咸海彻底退化为盐碱荒漠与零星盐沼，湖床盐尘活动成为新常态。人类活动与气候变化的叠加效应，使咸海成为全球生态危机的典型遥感样本。
Look at the satellite images and answer the questions.
3.What do you think caused these changes
The core of the shrinking of the Aral Sea is The predatory exploitation of water resources by human activities (accounting for more than 70%), combined with the amplification effect of climate change , forming a vicious cycle of "increased water use → shrinking of lakes → ecological deterioration → need for more water". The absence of cross-border governance and dam projects have accelerated the imbalance of regional water resources.
咸海萎缩的核心是 人类活动对水资源的掠夺性开发 （占比超70%），叠加 气候变化 的放大效应，形成"用水增加→湖泊萎缩→生态恶化→需更多水"的死循环。跨境治理缺位与大坝工程则加速了区域水资源的失衡。
拓展：
The Aral Sea Crisis
The Aral Sea is situated in Central Asia, between Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south. It was once the world's fourth largest lake, and contained 10 grammes of salt per litre. The rivers flowing into the Aral Sea are the river Syr Darya from the north and the river Amu Darya from the south. In the 1960s, the two rivers were diverted away from the Aral Sea so that people could irrigate the surrounding desert region and focus on cotton production.
As a result, the Aral Sea has been decreasing in size, and by 1997, it had shrunk to a tenth of its original size, splitting into four lakes. By 2009, the south-eastern lake had disappeared altogether, and the south-western lake had been reduced to a thin strip, with a salinity level of more than 110 grammes per litre. This shrinking of the Aral Sea became known as "one of the planet's worst environmental disasters"; the decline of the once-thriving fishing industry brings unemployment and economic hardship to the surrounding region.
咸海危机
咸海位于中亚，北临哈萨克斯坦，南临乌兹别克斯坦。它曾经是世界第四大湖泊，每升含盐10克。流入咸海的河流是北部的锡尔河和南部的阿姆河。20世纪60年代，两条河流从咸海改道，人们可以灌溉周围的沙漠地区，并专注于棉花生产。
结果，咸海的面积一直在缩小，到1997年，它已经缩小到原来的十分之一，分成了四个湖。到2009年，东南部的湖泊完全消失，西南部的湖泊已经减少到一条细带，盐度水平超过110克/升。咸海的萎缩被称为“地球上最严重的环境灾难之一”；曾经繁荣的捕鱼业的衰落给周边地区带来了失业和经济困难。
Part 3
Reading
pre-reading
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1.What animals can you see in the picture
2.What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this
Penguins and bird.
They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance.
pre-reading
Read the passage and find out what happened to Macquarie Island.
MACOUARIE ISLAND:
from Ehaos to Eonservation
Non-native species introduced to Macquarie Island attacked native birds, and led to a substantial reduction of bird population and even the extinction of parakeets. In addition, nonnative species ate and devastated the native vegetation. All of this played a part in upsetting the natural harmony of the island.But now the island's ecology is on the road to recovery with human efforts.
PREDICITING
while-reading
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1.To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
2.To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by humans.
3.To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
4.To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
SKIMMING
while-reading
SKIMMING
Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
para. 1
para. 2
para. 3
para. 4
para. 5
para. 6
The rabbit problem resulted in parakeets' dying out.
The rat, mouse and rabbit problem made people realise that problems should be solved once and for all.
I participated in a programme to tackle this very problem.
Native inhabitants on Macquarie Island were once in perfect harmony with their natural habitat.
People released a virus to kill rabbits and used traps and dogs to catch the cats.
Rats and mice brought to the island caused harm.
while-reading
SKANNING
Organise information from the passage and complete the flow chart.
1810
After 1810
1810-1891
In the 1970s
In the 1980s
At present
while-reading
Cats were brought to the island.
Rabbits were introduced to the island.
To provide food for humans.
they took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds
The cats developed an appetite for the birds.
the exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats. More cats hunted the birds and parakeets died out.
while-reading
A virus was released onto the island.
Traps and dogs were used.
Poison and dogs were used.
To remove all the rabbits from the island.
To catch the cats.
To remove all the remaining invading species.
The island is pest-free and its ecology is on the road to recovery.
Substantial reduction of rabbit population led to cats killing more native birds.
The population of rats and mice increased. And the rabbit population exploded once again.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
Choose the correct answer according to the content of the text.
1. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph
A. Macquarie Island is beautiful.
B. Macquarie Island has a world-class name.
C. There are lots of penguins on Macquarie Island.
D. It is not easy for people to get to Macquarie Island.
2. How did rats and mice get to Macquarie Island
A. They swam to the island from Australia.
B. They were brought to the island by accident.
C. They were raised on the island as human food.
D. They were brought to the island by lovers of pets.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
3. Why did people bring rabbits to Macquarie Island
A. To serve as their food. B. To drive away the parakeets.
C. To kill the mice on the island. D. To remove the grass from the island.
4. What does the author think of the former methods of controlling invading species
A. Useful. B. Creative. C. Successful. D. Negative.
5. Why does the author come to the island this time
A. To do some voluntary work.
B. To train his dogs to catch rats.
C. To control the invading species.
D. To attend a meeting on the island.
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
Fill in the blanks in the grammar of the text.
The tragic story of Macquarie Island started in 1810
1　　　　　people arrived on the island and brought some rats and mice there
2　　　　　 (unknowing). They soon took over the island,
3　　　　　 (eat) birds' eggs and attacking baby birds. So people brought cats 4　　　　　 ( control) them. But the cats also developed an appetite 5　　　　　birds so that more birds
6　　　　　(kill) by cats.
when
unknowingly
eating
to control
for
were killed
while-reading
Meanwhile, rabbits 7　　　　　(bring) to the island also provided plentiful food for the cats. So people released a virus to kill rabbits. With the rabbits decreasing, the cats turned their attention back io birds. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. However, with the 8　　　　　(depart) of the cats, the mouse and rat population started to increase and the numbers of rabbits exploded again. All these made 9　　　　　clear that the problem of the rat, mouse and rabbit should be tackled once and for all. So a programme to deal with the very problem has begun. The first step is to drop poison from helicopters. And the next step is to remove the last 10　　　　　(remain) invading species with dogs without harming the native animals.
brought
departure
it
remaining
while-reading
INTENSIVE READING
location
chaos
developing an appetite
virus
once and for all
recovery
post-reading
Think & Share
What is your understanding of “… we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending”
Do you think it was right to eradicate the “pests” from Macquarie Island Give your reasons.
How could similar situations be avoided in the future
What language can you use to talk about cause and effect How would you apply it to your reading and writing
post-reading
Think & Share
To avoid similar situations in the future, we should protect the natural ecosystem and be aware of the potential impact that human activities can have on ecosystems.
Vocabulary
1. departure
departure fom...从……离开
arrivals and departures 到站和离站班次
the departure time/gate 离站时间;登机(或上车)口
the departures board 离站时刻牌
depart v. 离开,离去,起程,出发
练习：All the __________________ ( depart ) have been canceled due to the heavy snow.
departures
Vocabulary
2. reserve
reserve sth.for sb. 为某人预订某物
reserve sth.for sb. 为某人保留某物
reservation n.[C]预订,预约;保留地;[C,U]保留意见
make areservation 预订,预约
without reservation 毫无保留地
练习：我以琼斯的名字预订了一个房间。I've ___________ a room in the name of Jones.
reserved
Vocabulary
3. multiply
(使)繁殖
These creatures can multiply quickly.这些生物能迅速大量繁殖。
成倍增加,迅速增加
>The amount of information available has multiplied.可获得的信息大大增加了。
乘，乘以
Multiply 5 and 6 ( together) and you get 30. 5乘以6等于 30。
练习：吸烟大大增加了患心脏病和其他疾病的风险。
Smoking ____________ the risk of heart attacks and other health problems.
multiplies
Vocabulary
4. chaos
rcause chaos 导致混乱
in chaos 处于混乱之中
leconomic/political/domestic chaos 经济/政治/国内的混乱
Heavy snow has caused total chaos on the roads.
大雪导致道路上一片混乱。
练习：地震后这座城市陷入了一片混乱。
__________________________________________________________
The city was in chaos after the earthquake.
Vocabulary
5. appetite
haveagood/poor/no appetite 胃口好/胃口不好/没有胃口
develop an appetite for... 对…产生食欲
give sb.an appetite 使某人胃口大开
loss of appetite 食欲不振
have an appetite for... 渴望…(appetite 前可用形容词修饰)
have no appetite for... 不喜欢…
练习：The young man has no appetite ____________ meat because he has eaten too muc
recently.
for
Vocabulary
6. decrease
decrease by… 减少了……(表示减少的量)
decrease(fom...)to... (从……)减少到…(表示减少后的量)
decrease in.. 在……方面减少
a decrease in... 在…方面减少
on the decrease 在减少
inerease to.. 增加到……(表示增加后的量)
increase by…. 增加了…(表示增加的盘)
lon the increase 在增加
练习：失业青年人数已经有所下降。
The demand for corn is __________________ each year in this country.
on the decrease
Vocabulary
7. out of control
control n.[U,C]管理,管制;[U]管理权,控制权 v.指挥,控制
(in control(of sth.) 掌管(某物/事),控制(某物/事)
in the control of... 受……控制
lose control of... 失去对……的控制
beyond one'scontrol 某人无法掌握,某人无法控制
be under control 被控制住,处于控制之下
bring/keep/get sth.under control 控制得住,抑制得住(从而不造成损害)
练习：一辆卡车在山上失去了控制。A truck ran _________________ on the hill.
out of control
Grammer
The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island,died out in 1891.
that引导表语从句
that 引导表语从句时,只起连接作用,既不充当句子成分,本身也没有词义。
The good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about the colour in your home.
好消息是,关于你家里的颜色,你只需要作三种决定。
Grammer
Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants... existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
否定词（组）置于句首引起的部分倒装
在否定句中如果要强调该句中的否定概念时，可以将否定词提前放在句首，这时句子的结构要发生部分倒装的转变，即将句中原来谓语动词中的助动词、情态动词或连系动词be放在该句主语的前面。
本句中的否定词Nor与所在课文中上一句的No遥相呼应，表示“也不……”，并且其位置位于本句句首，故将谓语动词中的情态动词would提至主语前，形成部分倒装。
Grammer
另外nor还常用于日常会话当中，表示前面所陈述的事实也适合于另一主语，意为“……也不”，也可以用neither。如果表达肯定概念，即“……也是”，则用so。这两种用法皆使用部分倒装，如：
—I have never seen so beautiful a place.我从未见过如此美丽的地方。
—Neither/Nor have I.我也没有。
—I will stay here without going anywhere.我会待在这里哪儿也不去。
—So will I.我也是。
rarely, hardly, seldom, never, barely, little, few等一系列能够表示否定意义或半否定意义的副词，及具有否定含义的介词短语on no account, in no case, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances等。
Seldom did he concentrate on anything other than study. 他儿乎不关注除学习以外的事情。
By no means should a child play with fire. 小孩决不能玩火。
Part 4
Exercise
Exercise
单词拼写
1.It is significant to create homes for species that are endangered because of losing their own natural h　　　　　.
2.The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every a　　　　　—every visitor can find their favorite dishes there.
3.With the help of moderate temperature, these microorganisms m　　　　quickly.
4.The environmental group has called for a　　　　　（大量的）reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases.
5.A breakdown in the computer system was responsible for yesterday's　　　　　（大混乱）in the subway station.
abitats
ppetite
ultiply
substantial
chaos
Exercise
用方框内短语适当形式填空
in harmony with fail to in consequence turn out once and for all
1.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive
is to live　　　　　　　nature.
2.With the help of the professor, the local villagers solved their problems　　　　　　　.
3.It　　　　　　　that the stranger with whom wehad our supper that night was manager
of the hotel.
4.He was very careless in the exam and 　　　　　he failed the final examination last time.
5.The ordinary people all look at the intelligent man with admiration because under no circumstances will he　　　　　cope with emergencies.
in harmony with
once and for all
turned out
in consequence
fail to
Part 5
Homework
1.完成课后习题
2.以Live in harmony with nature.为题，写一篇作文
3.预习下节课语法知识
Homework
See you next class!

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