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2025年新八年级英语上册暑假预习讲义
专题04 语法填空综合讲练+易错点（10个）
内容导航
考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考考点，有的放矢
重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺
难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升
复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破
(
考点一
有提示词
)
考点1　考查动词
1．设空处是谓语动词的,考虑该词的时态和语态。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video
calling over the Internet． It________(invent) for people to see each other while talking online．
答案　is invented/was invented
解析 第二句中的主语It指代的是前文提到的video calling,与动词invent是被动关系。
例2 Last week, he________(come)to visit us in Canada．
答案　came
解析 根据Last week可判断时态为一般过去时,主语he与come之间是主动关系,因此使用come的过去式came。
2．设空处如果不是谓语动词,就有可能是动词的非谓语形式
例1 Su Yu-shan, the manager of the store, says the environment can help
people learn to do “soul(灵魂)reading” by________(provide) a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention．
答案　providing
解析 设空处前为介词by,介词后接动名词形式。
例2 Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how________(play) chess online．
答案　to play
解析 how 与how to use是并列结构,作谓语动词taught的宾语。
考点2　考查名词
首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词,还需要确定用单数还是复数形式。
例 Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of ________(friend) on the Internet at the same time．
答案　friends
解析 提示词friend是可数名词,且设空处前出现a lot of,因此使用其复数形式。
考点3　考查形容词
如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词或短语时,则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比如形容词比较级前经常会有much,even,a little,a bit等关键词或短语出现,后会有than出现。
例 My grandfather is much________ (happy) than before．
答案　happier
解析 提示词为形容词,设空处前出现关键词much,且空后出现than,因此要使用形容词的比较级形式。
考点4　考查代词
1．考查物主代词。
设空处后出现名词,常考查形容词性物主代词。
解析 题干中lifestyle前使用形容词性物主代词their,注意句首单词首字母大写。
例 The San people have another name—“bush people”．________(they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do．
答案　Their
2．考查人称代词
例 But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with________ (he)．
答案　him
解析 提示词为代词,设空处作with的宾语,因此使用人称代词he的宾格。
考查反身代词
例 Now,she enjoys________ (her) when talking with us every day． She is happy and you can tell from the expression on her face．
答案　herself
解析 enjoy oneself 过得开心,为固定短语,oneself和主语she保持一致,故填herself。
考点5　词性转换
1．动词转换为形容词
例 After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt ________(relax)．
答案　relaxed
解析 本句的主语是I,felt后接形容词作表语,因此填形容词relaxed。
2．名词转换为形容词
例 With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a ________(comfort) new home after only four months．
答案　comfortable
解析 提示词是名词,设空处修饰其后的名词home,因此要将其转化为形容词形式
3．形容词转换为副词
例 The bookstore is almost________ (complete) dark, except for the shelves of books．
答案　completely
解析 本句考查副词作状语,修饰形容词dark,表示书店“几乎完全是黑的”,所以填completely。
4．动词转换为名词
例 Su Yu-shan, the________(manage) of the store, says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂) reading” by providing a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention．
答案　manager
解析 设空处补充说明Su Yu-shan是书店的经理,且设空处前出现冠词the,冠词the修饰名词,故填manager。
(
考点二
无提示词
)
无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副词、作形式主语或宾语的it等。
考点1　考查冠词
填写不定冠词时,注意其后单词若以元音音素开头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用a。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video calling over the Internet． It was invented for people to see each other while talking online． Then we came up with________idea．
解析 设空后为单数可数名词idea, 在本句中表示泛指,前面用不定冠词,idea 以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。
答案　an
例2 I took him to________ computer in my room and said, “Right here．”
答案　the
解析 题干中的in my room修饰限定computer,因此设空处表特指,答案为定冠词。
考点2　考查连词
并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空,一般填入的连词有and,but,or,so。
若句子之间为从属关系,则填从属连词。
例 ________ it might not be for everyone, Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores．
答案　Although/Though/While
解析 由语境可知,逗号前后为让步关系,设空处表示“尽管、即使”。故可填Although/Though/While。注意句首单词首字母大写。
考点3　考查介词
介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。
例 “Grandpa, someone is waiting________ you to play chess,” I went to him and said．
答案　for
解析　wait for是固定搭配,意为“等候”。
考点4　考查副词
副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现,比如:put off(推迟),turn on(打开),take off(起飞)等。
例 I climbed________ of my tent and looked out at the mountain．
答案　out
解析 climb out of从……爬出来。
考点5　考查it的用法
例________ is necessary to encourage kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life．
解析 It在句子中是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语。“It is+形容词+to do．．．”是常见表达。
答案　It
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hai Zi was a Chinese poet． His real name is Zha Haisheng． March 24 was the 1 (sixty) anniversary (周年纪念日) of his birth．
Zha passed away 2 age 25 over 30 years ago． But his poems, 3 (included) Facing the Ocean When Flowers Blossom in Warm Spring, were still popular with today’s young people．
Zha loved nature． He often described nature and life with simple language． But his poems often use symbols like the sea or wheat fields 4 (say) something deeper．
Things are different in his eyes． This was 5 his poems could touch 6 (read) hearts． His way of 7 (look) at things came from his childhood． He was born in 8 poor farming family． But he was a good student and his family had great expectations (期望) of him． Great pressure (压力) and poor living conditions (条件) 9 (teach) him how hard the world could be． But he turned to writing poems to feel 10 (good)．
“Hai Zi was a giant poet,” wrote Liu Jun, known by the pen name Xi Chuan． “His own life was a piece of poetry．”
思路点拨：例题主要考查可数名词复数形式的变化规则以及不可数名词的形式。 【导语】本文主要介绍著名的诗人——海子。 1．句意：3月24日是他的六十周年诞辰。此处作定语修饰“anniversary”，用序数词形式，故填sixtieth。 2．句意：查在30多年前去世，享年25岁。at age 25“在25岁”，故填at。 3．句意：但他的诗歌，包括《面朝大海，春暖花开》，仍然受到今天年轻人的欢迎。根据“But his poems, ．．． Facing the Ocean When Flowers Blossom in Warm Spring, were still popular with today’s young people．”可知，此处在举例，用介词including“包括”，故填including。 4．句意：但他的诗经常使用像大海或麦田这样的符号来表达更深层次的东西。use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故填to say。 5．句意：这就是为什么他的诗能触动读者的心。根据“This was．．．his poems could touch．．．”可知，此处在介绍原因，why“为什么”符合语境，故填why。 6．句意：这就是为什么他的诗能触动读者的心。根据“This was．．．his poems could touch．．．hearts．”可知，触动读者的心，读者不止一个，所以用名词复数的所有格readers’，故填readers’。 7．句意：他看待事物的方式来自于他的童年。of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填looking。 8．句意：他出生在一个贫穷的农民家庭。此处泛指一个家庭，“poor”首字母发辅音音素，故填a。 9．句意：巨大的压力和恶劣的生活条件让他明白了这个世界是多么的艰难。本句时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填taught。 10．句意：但他转而写诗来让自己感觉好些。根据“But he turned to writing poems to feel．．．”可知，他写诗来让自己感觉好些，用形容词比较级作表语。故填better。 答案1．sixtieth 2．at 3．including 4．to say 5．why 6．readers’ 7．looking 8．a 9．taught 10．better
1． 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。
Students like holidays very much． But last week, I asked some students what they 1 (do) last summer holiday, 2 (they) answers surprised me a lot． Some said they just stayed at home and played computer games all day． Some said they had many classes in summer school． And many students also said the holiday was 3 (real) boring． The summer holiday this year 4 (come) soon． Do you want to have a better one Here are some tips for you．
5 (one), find out what you are 6 (interest) in and join some clubs． Next, stop 7 (play) computer games and have a trip with your family． You can take some 8 (photo) of beautiful places on the way． Also, it is a good idea to do some exercise to make you 9 (health)． Finally, remember 10 (finish) your homework on time and read more good books．
I’m sure you can have a wonderful summer holiday with the tips．
【答案】1．did 2．their 3．really 4．is coming 5．First 6．interested 7．playing 8．photos 9．healthy 10．to finish
【导语】本文介绍了学生过暑假的情况，同时给出一些建议。
1．句意：但是上周，我问了一些学生他们去年暑假做了什么，他们的答案让我很惊讶。分析可知，what引导的宾语从句中缺少谓语动词，结合“last summer holiday”可知，动词应用过去式。故填did。
2．句意：但是上周，我问了一些学生他们去年暑假做了什么，他们的答案让我很惊讶。根据空后名词“answers”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
3．句意：许多学生也说假期真的很无聊。此空修饰形容词boring，要用副词，really“非常”。故填really。
4．句意：今年暑假快到了。 根据“The summer holiday this year ．．． soon．”可知，今年的暑假快来了，soon是一般将来时的标志词，动词“come”是位置移动的词，一般使用现在进行时表将来。故填is coming。
5．句意：首先，找出你感兴趣的是什么，加入一些俱乐部。此处应用副词first表示“首先”，且句首首字母应大写。故填First。
6．句意：首先，找出你感兴趣的是什么，加入一些俱乐部。be interested in“对……对感兴趣”，为固定用法。故填interested。
7．句意：接下来，停止玩电脑游戏，和你的家人去旅行。根据“stop ．．． computer games and have a trip with your family”可知，此处是指停止玩电脑游戏，stop doing sth．“停止做某事”。故填playing。
8．句意：你可以在路上拍一些美丽的地方的照片。根据空前“some”可知，此处应用复数名词。故填photos。
9．句意：此外，做一些运动使你健康也是一个好主意。此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。
10．句意：最后，记得按时完成作业，多读好书。根据“remember ．．． your homework on time and read more good books”可知，此处应用remember to do sth．表示“记得做某事”。故填to finish。
2． Liuming is 12 years old． He lives in a small village (村庄) in the countryside． Today is his 1 (twelve) birthday． His parents get a nice dinner ready for him, but the boy says, “I won’t have the dinner, because after the dinner, today is over, and my parents are going to a big city tomorrow． I don’t want to let them 2 (go)．”
In fact, it is the first birthday that Liuming is spending with his parents in three years． In the past three years, his parents stayed in a big city and work 3 (make) money． They didn’t see their son for 3 years． Tomorrow they 4 (leave) home for that city again．
Liuming is not the only left-behind child in our country． In the country of China, there are 5 (many) than 20 million children 6 (stay) at home without their parents． Left-behind children face a lot of 7 (problem)． Many of 8 (they) stay at home alone or with their grandparents． They get less care from parents, so they often feel lonely． Some of them don’t learn 9 (good) because their parents can’t help them with study．
The Chinese government shows cares about the children very much and is trying 10 (solve) their problems．
【答案】1．twelfth 2．go 3．to make 4．will leave 5．more 6．staying 7．problems 8．them 9．well 10．to solve
【导语】本文主要以刘明为例，向我们介绍了在中国农村留守儿童中存在的一些问题。
1．句意：今天是他的十二岁生日。根据“Today is his．．．birthday．”可知，此处用序数词，twelve“十二”，其序数词为twelfth。故填twelfth。
2．句意：我不想让他们走。let sb do表示“让某人做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填go。
3．句意：在过去的三年里，他的父母住在一个大城市，工作赚钱。根据“his parents stayed in a big city and work．．．money”可知工作的目的是为了挣钱，此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to make。
4．句意：明天他们将再次离开家去那个城市。根据“Tomorrow”可知，句子的时态为一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形。故填will leave。
5．句意：在中国，有2000多万儿童在家而没有父母在身边。more than表示“超过，多余”，固定短语。故填more。
6．句意：在中国，有2000多万儿童在家而没有父母在身边。根据“there are．．．than 20 million children．．．at home without their parents”可知，此处为there be sb doing sth句型，表示“有某人在做某事”，空处用动词ing形式。故填staying。
7．句意：留守儿童面临很多问题。problem“问题”，可数名词，空前有a lot of，此处用复数形式。故填problems。
8．句意：他们中的许多人独自待在家里或和祖父母在一起。of为介词，其后跟人称代词的宾格形式，they“他们”，主格，其宾格为them。故填them。
9．句意：他们中的一些人学习不好，因为他们的父母不能帮助他们学习。根据“Some of them don’t learn．．．”可知，此处需填一个副词，修饰动词learn，good“好的”，形容词，其副词为well。故填well。
10．句意：中国政府非常关心孩子们，并尽力解决他们的问题。try to do表示“尽力做某事”，空处用动词不定式。故填to solve。
3． 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Living in China for 25 years, China is still a desirable country that I always look forward to 1 (visit)． This Women’s Day holiday, I planned a one-day trip around Yangzhou． It was like love at first sight． 2 the age of 15, I received a book that was a collection of poems of the Tang Dynasty． In it, I was deeply attracted to a poem written by Li Bai “Sailing to Yangzhou in March when blossoms curl (卷曲) like smoke on the river”．
Yangzhou, sitting for 2,500 years at the crossing of the Yangtze River and the 2,500-year-old Grand Canal (大运河), is one of the 24 3 (city) on the list of Historic and Cultural Cities in China． In the old town, there are many streets and houses． It is great 4 (travel) to the city in spring． Spring paints the city in bright colors．
Yangzhou is famous for 5 (it) gardens． Among them, the Slender West Lake (瘦西湖), one of the biggest attractions in the city, was my 6 (one) stop． The park with its fantastic landscape (景色) and lots of history has enough to keep a tourist busy for the whole day． I felt sorry 7 I could only have a half-day tour．
My next stop was He Garden, one of the best protected gardens in Yangzhou． It was once owned by the family of He Zhidao during the Qing Dynasty． He 8 (bring) Chinese and Western architectural (建筑的) features together successfully．
Yangzhou is also the starting point of the Grand Canal tour． Taking a boat along that part of the canal in Yangzhou, I was 9 (amaze) at the liveliness of this ancient waterway and the city’s history and culture．
I found it 10 (luck) to have a trip to Yangzhou filled with pleasure and wonder． It made me hungry for more of China．
【答案】1．visiting 2．At 3．cities 4．to travel 5．its 6．first 7．because 8．brought 9．amazed 10．lucky
【导语】本文主要表达了作者对扬州这个城市的喜爱，并介绍了他在扬州一日游的行程。
1．句意：在中国生活了25年，中国仍然是我一直期待参观的理想之国。look forward to doing sth表示“期待做某事”，所以空处用动词ing形式。故填visiting。
2．句意：15岁的时候，我收到了一本唐代诗集。at the age of表示“在……岁时”，为固定用法，首字母要大写。故填At。
3．句意：扬州位于长江和有2500年历史的大运河交汇处，有2500年的历史，是中国24个历史文化名城之一。one of+可数名词复数，表示“……中的一个”，为固定用法。city“城市”，为可数名词，此处用其复数形式cities。故填cities。
4．句意：春天去这个城市旅游真是太好了。此处为it is+adj．+to do sth句型，表示“做某事是……的”，所以空处用动词不定式。故填to travel。
5．句意：扬州以其园林而闻名。根据空后gardens可知，此处要用形容词性物主代词，its“它的”，符合题意。故填its。
6．句意：其中，瘦西湖是我的第一站，它是这个城市最大的景点之一。根据“．．．was my．．．stop”可知，此处表顺序，需用序数词，one的序数词为first“第一”。故填first。
7．句意：我感到很遗憾，因为我只能进行半天的旅行。空处前后是因果关系，需用because来连接。故填because。
8．句意：他成功地将中西方建筑特色融合在一起。根据“It was once owned by the family of He Zhidao during the Qing Dynasty．”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，所以此处用动词过去式，bring的过去式为brought。故填brought。
9．句意：沿着扬州运河的那一段乘船，我惊讶于这条古老水道的热闹和这座城市的历史文化。根据“I was．．．at”可知，主语为人，此处应用以ed结尾的形容词，amazed“吃惊的”，符合题意。故填amazed。
10．句意：我感到很幸运，进行了一次充满了乐趣和惊奇的扬州之旅。此处为find it+adj+to do sth句型，表示“发现做某事……”，所以空处应用形容词。luck“幸运”，名词，其形容词为lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。
4． 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的单词，或用括号中提示词的正确形式填空。
Have you ever eaten bird eggs before People started to eat them 6,000,000 years 1 ． To get them, people climbed up trees and picked them 2 the nest (鸟巢)．
People in China and India 3 (begin) to keep chickens by about 7000 BC (公元前)． They ate 4 (they) eggs, so they 5 (not) have to go out for bird eggs．
In the past, chickens only laid (孵) eggs in spring, not in summer． During that time, there 6 (be) lots of daylight, but it wasn’t too hot outside． That’s why we have Easter eggs 7 (celebrate) the return of eggs in spring．
The 8 (early) way for people to eat eggs was eating raw (生的) one． But when people started using fire, people often cooked eggs to eat．
Eggs could usually keep fresh for about a month before people had to cat them． So people sometimes fermented (发酵) eggs to make them kept 9 (long) than fresh ones． They called them “thousand-year-old” eggs, but they are really kept only a few weeks or 10 (month) old．
【答案】1．ago 2．from 3．began 4．their 5．didn’t 6．was 7．to celebrate 8．earliest 9．longer 10．months
【导语】本文讲了人们将蛋作为食物的发展变化过程。
1．句意：人们在六百万年前开始吃蛋。根据“6000000 years”和动词“started”可知是要表达“之前”。故填ago。
2．句意：为了得到鸟蛋，人们爬树从鸟巢上取下它们。根据“picked them”和“the nest”可知中间要填一个介词，通常用“pick．．．from．．．”表示“从……取下”。故填from。
3．句意：在公元前7000年的中国和印度，人们开始养鸡。根据时间“7000 BC”可知用一般过去时态，“begin”的过去式是“began”。故填began。
4．句意：他们吃鸡的蛋，所以不再需要外出找鸟蛋。根据空格后单词“eggs”可知需要填形容词性的物主代词，“their”表示“它们的”。故填their。
5．句意：他们吃鸡的蛋，所以不再需要外出找鸟蛋。根据前面句子中的“ate”可知后面句子要用一般过去时态，需用助动词did，根据“not”可知要用否定式。故填didn’t。
6．句意：那时，日光充足，但外面不太热。“daylight”表示“日光”是不可数名词，所以be动词要用单数形式，后面句子“wasn’t”是一般过去时态，所以空格用be动词单数的过去式was。故填was。
7．句意：这就是为什么我们用复活节的彩蛋来庆祝春天的回归。句子中已经有动词“have”，后面的动词“celebrate”要用动词不定式的形式表目的。故填to celebrate。
8．句意：人们最早吃鸡蛋的方式是生吃。根据“eating raw one”和定冠词“The”可知此处应该填“early”的最高级形式，表示“最早的方式”。故填earliest。
9．句意：所以人们将鸡蛋发酵，使它们能比新鲜鸡蛋保存更长时间。根据句意和“than”可知要用形容词的比较级形式，“long”的比较级是“longer”。故填longer。
10．句意：他们称之为“千岁蛋”，但它们真的只能保存几个星期或几个月。根据前面的“a few”可知后面要用可数名词的复数形式，“month”的复数形式是“months”。故填months。
5． 根据短文内容，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
Lin Tao is brave enough 1 (save) his neighbour from a fire． Last Monday, Lin was at home alone． Suddenly, he heard his neighbour Mrs Sun 2 (shout) “Fire! Help!” Lin went in and found her in her bedroom． Her left leg was 3 (bad) hurt and she couldn’t 4 (get) out． Lin poured water over his clothes to protect 5 (he)． He then put a wet blanket over Mrs Sun and helped her out． Later some 6 (fireman) came and put out the fire．
“ 7 (be) you afraid at that moment ” People asked Lin． He 8 (reply), “Yes, a little, but I didn’t have time to think about it． Mrs Sun needed my help．” “Fire is very dangerous． We should be 9 (care) with it,” Lin also said．
What a brave young man! Tomorrow I 10 (visit) him to show my respect．
【答案】1．to save 2．shouting 3．badly 4．get 5．himself 6．firemen 7．Were 8．replied 9．careful 10．will visit/am going to visit
【导语】本文主要讲述了林涛勇敢地把邻居从火中救了出来的故事。
1．句意：林涛足够勇敢把他的邻居从火灾中救了出来。save“勇敢”，brave enough to do sth“足够勇敢做某事”，固定搭配，空处应用不定式形式。故填to save。
2．句意：突然，他听到邻居孙女士在喊：“着火了！救命！”shout“喊”，hear sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事”，空处应用现在分词形式。故填shouting。
3．句意：她的左腿受伤严重不能出去。bad“严重的”，形容词，空处修饰形容词hurt用副词形式。故填badly。
4．句意：她的左腿受伤严重不能出去。get out“出来”，情态动词couldn’t后面加动词原形。故填get。
5．句意：林把水倒在自己的衣服上保护自己。he“他”，根据“Lin poured water over his clothes”可知，这样做是为了保护自己，空处应用反身代词himself“他自己”。故填himself。
6．句意：后来一些消防员来了扑灭了大火。fireman“消防员”，可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数形式。故填firemen。
7．句意：“那一刻你害怕吗？”根据“at that moment”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语是you，be动词用were，句首字母大写。故填Were。
8．句意：他回答说：“是的，有一点，但我没有时间去想。”reply“回答”，根据“asked”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填replied。
9．句意：“我们应该小心它，”林还说。care“小心”，空处位于be动词后面用形容词careful“小心的”，作表语。故填careful。
10．句意：明天我会去拜访他表达我的敬意。visit“拜访”，根据Tomorrow可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为will/be going to+动词原形，主语是I，be动词用am。故填will visit/am going to visit。
真题感知
1．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Grandfather’s gift
When my grandfather was a boy, he liked writing with a fountain pen． His first short story 1 (write) with a silver fountain pen． It was a gift from his mother for his 2 (ten) birthday． His name is still on the pen． In an old photo, my grandfather is dressed 3 a school uniform． You can see the pen through the front pocket of his shirt． It seems 4 he was always with his pen． No one was surprised when Grandfather 5 (become) a writer． So far, he 6 (finish) over sixty story books． People all over 7 world enjoy his stories, including me．
Last month, my parents and I visited Grandfather． It was an exciting time for us． Grandfather showed me his writing desk． On the last day of our visit, my grandfather asked me 8 (close) my eyes． Gently and 9 (care), he put his pen in my hands． Tears filled my eyes． At that moment I decided to be a writer, too．
I will never forget the connection I felt with my grandfather that day． It is one of the most important 10 (memory) of my life．
【答案】1．was written 2．tenth 3．in 4．that 5．became 6．has finished 7．the 8．to close 9．carefully 10．memories
【导语】本文讲述了作者的祖父从小喜欢用钢笔写作，并成为了一名作家。祖父在作者访问时将他的钢笔赠予作者，这让作者决定也成为一名作家的故事。
1．句意：他的第一篇短篇小说是用一支银色的钢笔写的。主语“His first short story”和动词“write”是被动关系，且本句是一般过去时，需用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)，主语是单数，be动词用was，write的过去分词为written。故填was written。
2．句意：这是他十岁生日时母亲送给他的礼物。根据“for his．．．(ten) birthday．”可知，此处是指十岁生日，需用序数词“tenth”表示“第十”，其前有形容词性物主代词，此处不用定冠词。故填tenth。
3．句意：在一张老照片中，我的祖父穿着校服。根据“is dressed”可知，此处是短语be dressed in，表示“穿着”。故填in。
4．句意：看起来他总是带着他的钢笔。根据“It seems．．．he was always with his pen．”可知，此处是句型it seems that，表示“看来好像……”。故填that。
5．句意：当祖父成为作家时，没有人感到惊讶。根据“No one was surprised when”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词“become”的过去式“became”，故填became。
6．句意：到目前为止，他已经完成了六十多本故事书。根据“ So far,”可知，本句是现在完成时(have/has done)，主语是he，助动词用has，finish的过去分词是finished，故填has finished。
7．句意：全世界的人们都喜欢他的故事，包括我。all over the world“全世界”。故填the。
8．句意：在我们访问的最后一天，我的祖父让我闭上眼睛。ask sb to do sth“让某人做某事”。故填to close。
9．句意：他轻轻地、小心翼翼地把钢笔放在我手中。根据“Gently and”可知，空处需填入副词carefully表示“小心地”，与“Gently”形式保持一致。故填carefully。
10．句意：这是我生命中最重要的记忆之一。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”。故填memories。
2．（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different． Often their food will be 1 (great) different too． People on both sides can discover new chances for trading． This text 2 (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world．
As early as 5, 000 BC, 3 (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food． They were 4 (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it．
Tea drinking started in China． By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe． Tea drinking soon 5 (become) fashionable there but because 6 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy．
Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 7 kind of sweet juice over 8, 000 years ago on the island of New Guinea． Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8 (wide) world．
Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3, 000 years ago． The Europeans brought it back with 9 (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today． 10 it’s expensive, many people still love it．
【答案】1．greatly 2．tells 3．potatoes 4．taken 5．became 6．of 7．a 8．wider 9．them 10．Although/Though
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些常见的食用植物是如何在世界各地传播的。
1．句意：通常他们的食物也会有很大的不同。great“大的”，形容词，此处应用其副词形式greatly，修饰形容词different。故填greatly。
2．句意：本文讲述了一些常见的食用植物是如何在世界各地传播的。tell“讲述”，动词。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填tells。
3．句意：早在公元前5000年，土豆就作为一种有价值的食物在南美洲进行贸易。potato “土豆”，可数名词，由“were”可知，用其复数形式。故填potatoes。
4．句意：它们在16世纪被带到欧洲，并很快传遍了整个欧洲。take“携带”，动词。此处指土豆被带到欧洲，是被动语态，动词用其过去分词形式。故填taken。
5．句意：饮茶很快在那里成为一种时尚，但由于价格高昂，它仍然是富人的饮品。become“成为”，动词。本句描述过去的事，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填became。
6．句意：饮茶很快在那里成为一种时尚，但由于价格高昂，它仍然是富人的饮品。此处是短语because of “由于”。故填of。
7．句意：8000多年前，在新几内亚岛，甘蔗首次被用来生产一种甜果汁。此处是短语a kind of “一种”。故填a。
8．句意：它的使用很快就传遍了东南亚，然后传播到了更广阔的世界。wide“宽阔的”，形容词。此处指甘蔗后来传播到更为宽阔的世界，暗含比较，应用其比较级。故填wider。
9．句意：15世纪20年代，欧洲人将其带回欧洲，并添加糖制成我们今天所知的甜味热饮。they “他们”，代词主格。此处应用其宾格形式them，作介词with的宾语。故填them。
10．句意：虽然它很贵，但许多人仍然喜欢它。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，指虽然它很昂贵，但是很多人仍然很喜欢，故用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。
易错点（10个）
考点1 辨析happen与take place
易混词(组) 用法 共同点
happen ①指偶然、没有预料地“发生”，其结果往往给人带来麻烦或不幸 ②happen to do sth．意为“碰巧做某事” ③sth．happens to sb．/sth．意为“某事发生在某人/某物身上” ①二者均有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词(短语)，不能用于被动语态 ②二者都是非延续性动词(短语)，都不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用
take place 指必然性地发生或有计划、有组织地在安排之内“举行”
When did the terrible accident happen 这场惨烈的事故是什么时候发生的？
The next meeting will take place on Thursday．下次会议将在星期四举行。
1．I happened __A__ my best friend in my childhood on my way home．
A．to see B．seeing
C．saw D．see
2．Our school sports meeting will __C__ next weekend．We are all looking forward to it．
A．happen to B．come true
C．take place D．happen
3．Susan stays alone in the classroom and looks sad．What __happened__(发生) to her
考点2 surprise的用法
一、单项填空
1．Bob didn't tell his parents that he got the first prize in the physics competition because he wanted to give them __A__ surprise．
A．a B．the
C．an D．/
2．She looked __D__ when she heard the __________ news．
A．surprised；surprised B．surprising；surprised
C．surprising；surprising D．surprised；surprising
3．To our __surprise__(吃惊)，the foreign friend is good at cooking Chinese food．
4．It __surprised__(吃惊) me that the little girl worked out the problem in only five minutes．
考点3 forget的用法
forget作动词，意为“忘记”，其常用句型结构如下：
【拓展】类似用法的单词还有：
1．__Remember__(记得) to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom．
2．I remembered __inviting__ (邀请) him this morning，but he didn't come in the end．
3．He regretted __shouting__ (喊叫) to his son yesterday．
考点4 decide的用法
【注意】decide的名词形式是decision，意为“决心，决定”；常用短语：make a decision to do sth．“下定决心做某事”。
1．John has __decided__(决定) to go to America for further study．
2．She made a __decision__(决定) to work hard．
3．The skirt was too expensive for her，so she decided __C__ it．
A．to buy B．buy
C．not to buy D．buying
考点5 【辨析】another，other，the other，others与the others
易混词(组) 含义
another “另一个”，泛指三者或三者以上不确定数目中的另一个，只能代替或修饰可数名词单数
other “其他的；另外的”，作前置定语表示泛指，用来修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词
the other “另一个”，表示两者中的另一个，常用结构：one．．．the other．．．(两者中的)一个……，另一个……
others “其他人/事物”，others＝other＋可数名词复数，常用结构：some．．．others．．．一些……另一些……
the others “其余的(人或物)”，the others＝the other＋复数名词，指一个整体中除去一部分后的其余全部
【注意】another直接修饰名词时，应注意其后名词用单数形式。但后面的名词前有修饰语时，可用其复数形式。如：another three pears＝three more pears另外三个梨。
1．There are two apples on the table．One is red and __A__ is green．
A．the other B．another
C．others D．the others
2．Our school is different from__D__．It has many after class activities．
A．other B．another
C．the other D．others
考点6 afraid的用法
【一言辨异】She was afraid to speak loud because she was afraid of waking her baby up．她不敢大声说话，因为她担心会吵醒她的孩子。
1．Jack is afraid of __flying__(飞)．He feels nervous before he gets on the plane．
2．As for the project，don't be afraid __A__ me if you have any problems．
A．to ask B．asking
C．ask D．asks
考点7 ask的用法
ask作动词，意为“询问；请求”，常见用法如下：
1．She __asked__(询问) the doctor about her health just now．
2．My friend asked __me__ (我) to wait for him at the gate．
3．When I meet difficulties，I often ask my father__D__ help．
A．to B．from
C．about D．for
考点8 agree的用法
【注意】agree 的名词形式是agreement，意为“同意”；常用短语：be in agreement 同意
1．—Do you think teachers are one of the most hard working persons in the world
—__A__．
A．I agree with you B．It doesn't matter
C．That's OK D．It's very kind of you
2．If one is late，he can get into the classroom without the teacher's __agreement__(同意) in America．
3．Most students __agree__(同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world．
考点9 stop的用法
1．Stephen Hawking，a great scientist，had a strong will(意志)．His serious illness never __C__ him __________ living a meaningful and colorful life．
A．learned；from B．protected；from
C．stopped；from D．heard；from
2．Please stop __B__ and go out for a walk．Remember __________ warm clothes．
A．to study；wearing B．studying；to wear
C．to study；to wear D．studying；wearing
3．Linda couldn't stop __missing__(想念) her families when studying abroad．
考点9　until相关句型
用法 例句
作介词， 接时间点 用于肯定句中，表示状态、动作的持续，意为“……为止，在……之前”，动词一般为延续性动词，如live，wait，stay，continue等。 I waited until three o'clock．我会一直等到三点钟。
如果句中的谓语动词是非延续性动词，用not．．．until．．．结构，意为 “直到……才”。 The noise didn't stop until midnight．噪音一直到午夜才停止。
作连词， 接从句 until后面的从句不能用一般将来时，应用一般现在时代替，即“主将从现”。 He will stay here until his mother comes back．他将一直等到妈妈回来。
作连词， 接从句 主句的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时，until从句中的谓语动词为现在完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I won't go to bed until I have finished my homework．我要完成作业才上床睡觉。
主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时，从句的谓语动词为过去完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Li Lei didn't come until the film had begun．直到电影开演，李雷才来。
1．They talked on and on __C__ four o'clock in the morning．
A．as B．when
C．until D．unless
2．—Do you have any advice on doing word processing
—Remember not to exit the program __B__ you click the “Save” icon．
A．since B．until
C．after D．while
3．In most Chinese families，people won't start dinner __D__ the elders take their seats．
A．though B．if
C．since D．until

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