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(共52张PPT)
Unit 12
Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A 1a-4c
I was late for work this morning. When I got up ,I found my alarm clock had rung .
When I got to school , I found the door had already been closed.
7:30
The bus left
7:40
I got outside
now
By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
已经开走了
leave ---left ---left
The Past Perfect Tense ( 过去完成时 had done )
过去
后发生
一般过去时
过去的过去
先发生
过去完成时
Practice
now
8:20 A.M
8:00 A.M
The teacher started teaching in the classroom.
She got into the
classroom.
By the time she ________________, the teacher
________________ .
got into theclassroom
had started teaching
Have a try
When I _______up, he ____already_________ his meal.
当我起床时，他已经吃好了。
get
ate
gotten
has
had
eaten
got
Practice
By the time he ________there, the bus_______.
在他到达那里之前，公共汽车已经离开了。
get
left
got
has
had
leave
got
Mary’s morning
Discuss in groups.
1a
What happened to her
1a
Prediction（预测）
What happened to Mary
Did she have a good day or a bad day
Mary had a bad morning.
She overslept / slept for a long time.
oversleep [ v sli p]
overslept v.睡过头; 睡得太久;
someone had gotten in the shower
ran to catch the bus
the bus had already
left
She left her
backpack at home.
[ b kp k]
n. 背包；旅行包
leave sth sw
1b Listen to Mary talking about her morning.
Complete the sentences.
had
gotten
had
left
had
left
By the time I got up,
my brother ______already ______ in the shower.
2.By the time I got outside,
the bus _____already ____ .
3.When I got to school,
I realized I _____ ____my backpack at home.
1c Take turns being Mary. Talk about what happened to Mary this morning.
A: What happened
B: I overslept. By the time I got up, my
brother had already gotten in the shower.
…
Pairwork
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
2a
Where is Mary in the pictures
She is at school / in the classroom.
Is there anything good or bad happening to her
got to the classroom
left her keys
in the backpack
ran to school
was late for school
There is something bad happening to her.
Listen to Mary continue her story.Number the pictures [1–4] in the correct order.
2a
3
1
2
4
2b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Then listen again and check your answers.
When I ____(get) home,
I realized I _______(leave) my keys in the backpack.
2. By the time I _____(get) back to school,
the bell ________ (ring).
3. By the time I _______(walk) into class, the teacher __________(start) teaching already.
got
had left
got
had rung
walked
had started
Pairwork
A: What happened to you
B: By the time/When ... 从句(一般过去时) , sb.had already done sth 主句（过去完成时）
the past before past
past
now
film started got to the cinema
cooked dinner went home
had no money bought books
left one’s homework at home wanted to hand in homework
my father went to work got up
Talk about Mary's mornig :
overslept
gotten into the shower
went outside
had left
left her backpackat home
left keys in the backpack
ran back to school
had rung
started teaching

What a bad day !
Mary had a bad morning. First of all she _______ .__________ she got up, her brother __________ in the shower. After her brother got out of the shower, she took a quick shower and ____ dressed. But by the time she ____ outside, the bus ________. So she ran all the way to school. When she ____ to school, she realized she ________ her ______ at home.
She ran home to get her backpack. But when she ____ home, she realized she _______ her keys in the backpack. So she had to run back to school. But by the time she ____ back to school, the bell _______ . And when she ____ into the class, the teacher _______ teaching already. She felt so tired.
Life is full of the _________ .
overslept
By the time
had gotten
got
went
had left
got
had left
backpack
got
had left
got
had rung
walked
had started
unexpected
Summary
◆ When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
◆ By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
◆ Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
过去完成时：
构成：
概念：
时间：
had + 动词的过去分词
表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。即：过去的过去。
表示动作发生在过去的过去
Grammar
The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
它所表示动作发生的时间是“过去 的过去”。
构成：由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成
by the time引导时间状语从句：“到...时候”，同when引导的时间状语从句。
By the time/When + 从句(一般过去时) , …had already done sth.
主句（过去完成时)
By the time / When I got to the cinema, the movie had already started .
Practice
巩固练习
1. By the time I ____ ( get)home ,my father _____ ____( sleep).
2 .By the time I _____ (get) up ,my grandfather _____ _______( begin ) working.
3 .By the time I _____(leave)my school, I _____ ____ (finish) my homework.
4.By the time I ___(get) to the office , my boss ____ _____(leave).
5.When I got to school, I realized I_____ _____ my backpack at home.
got
had slept
got
had begun
left
had finished
got
had left
had left
2d Listen to the conversation, and then answer the questions.
What happened to Kevin today
Why
Because his alarm clock didn't go off .
2d Listen again, and then fill in the chart.
alarm clock time to wake up So The bus How to get to school
8:00 put on … not..brush…or wash… had already left Carl’s dad
didn’t
go off
kept sleeping
rushed out the door
gave me a lift in his car
2d Role-play the conversation.
Matt: Why were you late for class today,
Kevin
Kevin: My alarm clock didn’t go o ! I kept
sleeping, and when I woke up it was
already 8:00 a.m.!
Matt: Oh, no!
Kevin: So I just quickly put on some clothes
and rushed out the door.
Matt: You didn’t eat breakfast
Kevin: No, I didn’t even brush my teeth or
wash my face! But before I got to
the bus stop, the bus had already left.
Matt: Then how did you get here
Kevin: Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the
street and gave me a lift in his car.
Matt: Well, at least by the
time you got to school,
you were only five minutes late for class.
Life is like a box of chocolates,
you never know what you're going to get.
Which two events does the writer mention
Para 1
The September 11 attack in New York
Para 2
The earthquake in New Zealand
What do you think of the writer
victim
（牺牲者）
survival
（幸存者）
How did the writer end up missing both events
While-reading
Para. 1
The September 11 attack in New York
When
Where
What
How
September 11, 2001
two blocks east from his office
the first plane had
already hit his office
building.
got a coffee first and was not in the office
How did he feel
September 11, 2001
two blocks east from his office
the first plane had
already hit his office
building.
got a coffee first and was not in the office
While-reading
Para. 2
The earthquake in New Zealand
When
Where
What
How
February 21, 2011
fly to New Zealand
missed the plane and
then heard about the earthquake in New Zealand
alarm didn't go off
and he overslept
What did he realize
How should we deal with the unexpected things
Face
Change
Try
Smile
what we have to face
what we have to face
what we can change
to be more optimistic
whatever we meet
Even though life is full of the unexpected,
life also is full of hope and energy.
3a
Read the whole passage quickly and answer the question.
1. Which two events does the writer mention
2. How did the writer end up missing both events
阅读指导
◆ 快速阅读全文， 注意描述事件的关键词或短语，有助于整篇文章的理解。
◆ 这些关键词可能是动词或动词短语，可能是介词短语、形容词或连词等。
◆ 第一段： found a job, arrived at, was about to, even though, stared, in disbelief, the burning building, alive
◆ 第二段： woke up, gone off, had taken off, till, unexpectedly, turned into
Read the passage and answer the questions.
3a
1. Which two events does the writer mention
The writer mentions the September 11 attack in New York and the earthquake in New Zealand.
2. How did the writer end up missing both events
The writer went to get a coffee first and was not in the office when the plane hit the World Trade Center. He/she had overslept and missed his/her flight, so he/she was able to avoid the earthquake.
最终
be full of 充满，满是
与be filled with 同义
unexpected:出乎意料的
unexpectedly：adv 出乎意料地
expected：预料中的
expectedly ： adv. 预料中地
be about to do sth.“刚要做某事”
decided to do sth
决定做某事
在我办公室的东边，有两个街区远
排队等候
stare at 盯着看
难以置信地
燃烧的建筑
活着的
wake up 醒来
go off (闹钟)响
直奔去...
take off起飞
真倒霉！
我暗想
hear about/of 听说
till（=until），意为“直到，到”
not...till/untill 直到...才...
3b Find words from the passage with opposite meanings to the words below. Then write a sentence with each word.
4.lost :_________
__________________________
2. west :_______
__________________________
east
The sun rises in the east.
found
I found a wallet lying on the floor.
3. below:______
________________________________________
4. dead :______
_____________________________________
5. empty:_____
________________________________________________________________________________
There was a large bird flying above us.
above
full
The train was so full that I couldn’t get on at all.
His family was so happy to hear that he was still alive.
alive
3c Retell one of the events to your partner. Use these words and phrases to help you.
In May 2001,
Life Is Full of the Unexpected
was about to go up
decided to get a coffee
September
11,2001
As …waiting in line
Even though
Two blocks east
arrived at
found a job in…at…
Before…join the others outside to see
heard a loud sound
going on
stared in disbelief at…
had hit …
felt lucky
rising aboving the burning…
be alive
3c Retell one of the events to your partner. Use these words and phrases to help you.
February21,2011
Life Is Full of the Unexpected
jumped out of…
went straight to ..
realized…
the first holiday
my plane to…
had taken off
went off
woke up
missed …
I’ve taken…
thought to myself
heard about…
had to wait till …
had turned into
unexpectedly
(1)当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。
_______ I got to school, I realized that I
______ ______ my backpack at home.
(2)到我返回学校的时候，铃声已经响过了。
_____ _____ _____ I got back to school, the bell ______ _______.
When
had
left
By the time
had
Complete the sentences.
Grammar Focus
rung
(3)我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。
Before I _____ ____the bus stop, the
bus ______ _______ _______.
(4)我正要上楼去办公室，这时我决定先去买一杯咖啡。
I ______ ______ ______ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
got to
had
already left
was about to
（5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，听到了一个巨大的声响。
As I ______ _______ ______ ______ with the other office workers, I
______ _____ _____ ______.
was waiting in line
heard a loud sound
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school,
the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop,
the bus had already left.
when, by the time, before+从句（一般过去时），主句 (had + 过去分词)
由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，主句常用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去。
4a
Make sentences using by the time or before.
Tim went into the bathroom.
Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already
gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold.
I put cream in the coffee.
Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold.
3. I completed the work for my boss.
The workday ended.
4. The movie started.
I arrived at the cinema.
I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended.
The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema.
5. My mother finished making the apple pie .
I got home from my language course.
By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie.
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else _____ already __________.
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he ____________ to add the green beans .
rush out, forget, send out , go into,
show up , find out
showed up
had
had forgotten
3. By the time my mother came back from the market , I ____ already __________ the door to go for my piano lesson.
4. Before she got to the airport, she _________ ___ about the earthquake.
5. When she _________ the e-mail invitation, she remembered she had forgotten to invite Dale.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building.
had
rushed out
sent out
had gone into
had found
out
4c
Make more sentences
1. By the time I left for school in the morning, __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
I had already had breakfast.
I had already got everything ready.
I had already drunk a glass of water.
2. By the end of the school day,
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
3. By dinner time, I_______________________________
I_______________________________
I_______________________________
She had got a gift from Tom.
She had cleaned the classroom.
She had finished reading the book.
had had too many bananas.
had eaten plenty of meat.
had already played the piano.
Homework
1. Retell the two stories
2.Write down the unexpected in your daily life

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