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Section Ⅱ　“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
新学词汇·归类记清
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．lotuses in the pool　 　　 水塘里的________
2．a natural grassy mound 天然的草________
3．the tiles on a roof 屋顶上的________
4．mimic the way nature works
自然运行的方式
5．float above the waterfront promenade
漂浮在______长廊上
6．the building's plumbing system
建筑的________
7．an example of biomimicry ______范例
8．be fed with carbon dioxide 以______碳为养料
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1．a __________ player　　　 一名杰出的运动员
2．__________ it into energy 将其转化为能量
3．the __________ of science 科学前沿
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
四、拓展构词——明其规
architectural：“n.＋ al”→adj.
[依“规”串记]
①globe→global　　　　 全球的
②culture→cultural 文化的
③nature→natural 自然的　　
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________　　　 将……认为……；把……看作……
2．______________ 坚持；紧跟
3．______________ 把……和……联系起来
4．______________ 实际上
5．______________ 习惯于(做)某事
6．______________ 认为……理所当然
7．______________ 看起来像
8．______________ 以这种方式
9．______________ 旨在做某事
10．______________ 在……的中心
11．______________ ……的例子
12．______________ 以……为基础
13．______________ 激励某人做某事
14．______________ 允许某人做某事
15．______________ 鼓励某人做某事
16．______________ 把……转变为……
17．______________ 对……作出响应/反应
18．______________ 使……能做某事
19．______________ 与……和谐相处
重点词汇·深化学习
1．In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
★take ...for granted认为……理所当然
[用法感知]
①Don't take for granted what others do for you.You should be grateful.不要把别人为你做的事情当作理所当然，你应该心怀感激。
②If you still keep silent, I will take it for granted that you imply agreement.如果你仍然保持沉默，我会理所当然地认为你暗示同意。
[归纳点拨]
take it for granted that ... 认为……理所当然
take it easy 不着急，放轻松
take sth.seriously 认真地对待某事
take ...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Don't take what he says __________ (serious). He likes making fun of others.
④I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions __________ consideration.
⑤You shouldn't __________________________________.你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。
⑥We should _______________________________________________________________.
我们应该感谢父母的爱，而不应视其为理所应当。
2．The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
因此，该建筑不仅能够适应环境，减少能耗，而且自身可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。
★respond to对……作出反应；回应
[用法感知]
①Don't respond to any e mails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.不要回应任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来如何正式。
②(“情绪描写”佳句)Nancy's first response to the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger.Nancy听到这个消息后的第一反应很奇怪，既高兴又愤怒。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respond vi.　　　　　　 回答；响应；作出反应
(2)response n. 回答，答复；反应
in response to 回答；响应
make (a/no) response to ... 对……(不)作出回应
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③The disease failed to respond __________ the new drugs the doctor applied.
④__________ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
(2)一句多译
　她没有回应我的邮件，这使我非常生气。
⑤She ________________________________， which made me very angry.(response)
⑥She ______________________________， which made me very angry.(respond)
1．In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
本句中的so ...that ...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。该句型中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。此结构还可以用such ...that ...来表达，such常修饰名词。其具体的句式结构为：
①so＋
②such＋
注意：当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①She felt very ashamed and she could feel her face burning.
→She felt ____________________ she could feel her face burning.
②She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her.
→She is __________________________ everyone likes her.
③Her mind was so busily engaged that she failed to hear her mother's question.
→____________________________ that she failed to hear her mother's question.(倒装)
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一出戏来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文。
Writing was __________________________ my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play.
⑤听到这些话，她非常高兴，灿烂的笑容照亮了房间。
Hearing the words, __________________________________________________.(倒装)
⑥天气如此宜人，我们都想出去散步。
It is __________________________________________________ for a walk.(such)
2．Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。
find themselves in an urban building为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中介词短语作宾语补足语。find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
(1)find＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)
(2)find＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或完成)
(3)find＋宾语＋形容词/介词短语/副词
(4)find＋it＋形容词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
　(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①He was surprised to find his room thoroughly __________ (clean)．
②When he came to himself, he found his hands __________ (tie) back, unable to move.
③When he awoke, he found __________ (him) in a room he didn't recognize.
④However, you will find it is difficult to be smart online learners for some students without self control and learning goals.
→However, you will ____________________________________ for some students without self control and learning goals.(it作形式宾语)
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
⑤我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人，我相信，我在这儿会结交到新朋友。
I ____________________________________________________________ and I believe I will make new friends here.
⑥火势以令人恐惧的速度蔓延着，由于风太大，人们发现想保住房子是不可能的了。
The fire spread with fearful speed, and for there was a high wind，people ________________________________________.
⑦吉姆最终醒来时，发现自己在医院里，受伤严重，甚至双腿失去了知觉。
When Jim finally woke up, he ______________________________， severely injured and even incapable to feel his legs.
Section Ⅱ
NO.1　积词汇
新学词汇·归类记清　
一、1.(朵朵)莲花　2.丘　3.瓦片　4.模仿　5.海滨
6．管道系统　7.仿生学　8.二氧化
二、1.superb　2.convert　3.frontiers
三、①architect　②architecture　③architectural
五、1.regard ...as ...　2.stick with　3.associate ...with ...　4.in fact　5.be used to (doing) sth.　6.take ...for granted
7．look like　8.in this way　9.be designed to do sth.　10.in the centre of ...　11.an example of ...　12.(be) based on ...　13.inspire sb. to do sth.　14.allow sb. to do sth.
15．encourage sb. to do sth.　16.convert ...into ...
17．respond to　18.enable ...to do sth.
19．live in harmony with ...
重点词汇·深化学习　
1．③seriously　④into
⑤take it for granted that everyone should help you
⑥be grateful to our parents' love instead of taking it for granted
2．③to　④In　⑤made no response to my e mail
⑥didn't respond to my e mail
NO.2　通句式
1．①so ashamed that　②such a lovely girl that　③So busily engaged was her mind　④so difficult and painful for me that　⑤so glad was she that her bright smile lit up the room
⑥such pleasant weather that we all want to go out
2．①cleaned　②tied　③himself　④find it difficult to be smart online learners　⑤find most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful　⑥found it impossible to save the house　⑦found himself in hospital(共72张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
NO 1
积词汇/由记准到用活
NO 2
通句式/由规则到熟用
NO 3
课时跟踪检测
目 录
新学词汇·归类记清
No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．lotuses in the pool 　　　　 水塘里的__________
2．a natural grassy mound 天然的草___
3．the tiles on a roof 屋顶上的_____
4．mimic the way nature works _____自然运行的方式
5．float above the waterfront promenade 漂浮在_____ 长廊上
(朵朵)莲花
丘
瓦片
模仿
海滨
6．the building's plumbing system 建筑的_________
7．an example of biomimicry ________范例
8．be fed with carbon dioxide 以_______碳为养料
管道系统
仿生学
二氧化
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1．a _________ player　　　　　　 一名杰出的运动员
2．________ it into energy 将其转化为能量
3．the ________of science 科学前沿
superb
convert
frontiers
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
architecture
architect
architectural
四、拓展构词——明其规
architectural：“n.＋-al”→adj.
[依“规”串记]
①globe→global　　　　　　 全球的
②culture→cultural 文化的
③nature→natural 自然的
五、高级词块——通其用
1．______________　　　 将……认为……；把……看作……
2．_________ 坚持；紧跟
3．_______________ 把……和……联系起来
4．________ 实际上
5．__________________ 习惯于(做)某事
6．_________________ 认为……理所当然
regard ...as ...
stick with
associate ...with ...
in fact
be used to (doing) sth.
take ...for granted
7．_________ 看起来像
8．__________ 以这种方式
9．__________________ 旨在做某事
10．________________ 在……的中心
11．_______________ ……的例子
12．_____________ 以……为基础
13．__________________ 激励某人做某事
14．_________________ 允许某人做某事
look like
in this way
be designed to do sth.
in the centre of ...
an example of ...
(be) based on ...
inspire sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth.
15．____________________ 鼓励某人做某事
16．________________ 把……转变为……
17．____________ 对……作出响应/反应
18．__________________ 使……能做某事
19．____________________ 与……和谐相处
encourage sb. to do sth.
convert ...into ...
respond to
enable ...to do sth.
live in harmony with ...
重点词汇·深化学习
1．In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
★take ...for granted认为……理所当然
[用法感知]
①Don't take for granted what others do for you.You should be grateful.
不要把别人为你做的事情当作理所当然，你应该心怀感激。
②If you still keep silent, I will take it for granted that you imply agreement.
如果你仍然保持沉默，我会理所当然地认为你暗示同意。
[归纳点拨]
take it for granted that ... 认为……理所当然
take it easy 不着急，放轻松
take sth.seriously 认真地对待某事
take ...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Don't take what he says ___________(serious). He likes making fun of others.
④I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions ______________
consideration.
seriously
into
⑤You shouldn't ___________________________________________.
你不要认为每个人都理应帮助你。
⑥We should______________________________________________
__________.
我们应该感谢父母的爱，而不应视其为理所应当。
take it for granted that everyone should help you
be grateful to our parents' love instead of taking it for
granted
2．The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.
因此，该建筑不仅能够适应环境，减少能耗，而且自身可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。
★respond to对……作出反应；回应
[用法感知]
①Don't respond to any e-mails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.
不要回应任何要求提供个人信息的电子邮件，不管它们看起来如何正式。
②(“情绪描写”佳句)Nancy's first response to the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger.
Nancy听到这个消息后的第一反应很奇怪，既高兴又愤怒。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respond vi.　　　　　　 回答；响应；作出反应
(2)response n. 回答，答复；反应
in response to 回答；响应
make (a/no) response to ... 对……(不)作出回应
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③The disease failed to respond ___the new drugs the doctor applied.
④___ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
to
In
(2)一句多译
　她没有回应我的邮件，这使我非常生气。
⑤She____________________________, which made me very angry.(response)
⑥She__________________________, which made me very angry.(respond)

made no response to my e-mail
didn't respond to my e-mail
No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用
1．In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上，我们已经习惯了它们的存在，甚至可能把它们视为理所当然，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
本句中的so ...that ...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。该句型中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。此结构还可以用such ...that ...来表达，such常修饰名词。其具体的句式结构为：
注意：当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构
①She felt very ashamed and she could feel her face burning.
→She felt __________________ she could feel her face burning.
②She is so lovely a girl that everyone likes her.
→She is ______________________ everyone likes her.
so ashamed that
such a lovely girl that
③Her mind was so busily engaged that she failed to hear her mother's question.
→___________________________________ that she failed to hear her mother's question.(倒装)
So busily engaged was her mind
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
④(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)写作对我来说是如此困难和痛苦，以至于我的老师允许我通过表演一出戏来展示我关于泰坦尼克号沉没的论文。
Writing was ____________________________________my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play.
so difficult and painful for me that
⑤听到这些话，她非常高兴，灿烂的笑容照亮了房间。
Hearing the words,_____________________________________
________.(倒装)
⑥天气如此宜人，我们都想出去散步。
It is _______________________________________________for a walk.(such)
so glad was she that her bright smile lit up
the room
such pleasant weather that we all want to go out
2．Visitors are often amazed to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
当置身于这样一座真实地捕捉到自然形态之美的城市建筑中时，参观者常常叹为观止。
find themselves in an urban building为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中介词短语作宾语补足语。find后接复合宾语时常用以下形式：
(1)find＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)
(2)find＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或完成)
(3)find＋宾语＋形容词/介词短语/副词
(4)find＋it＋形容词＋to do (it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
“两层级”学通用活句式
(1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构
　(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①He was surprised to find his room thoroughly _______ (clean)．
②When he came to himself, he found his hands ______(tie) back, unable to move.
③When he awoke, he found _______(him) in a room he didn't recognize.
cleaned
tied
himself
④However, you will find it is difficult to be smart online learners for some students without self-control and learning goals.
→However, you will ______________________________________
for some students without self-control and learning goals.(it作形式宾语)
find it difficult to be smart online learners
(2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用
⑤我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人，我相信，我在这儿会结交到新朋友。
I _______________________________________________________
and I believe I will make new friends here.
⑥火势以令人恐惧的速度蔓延着，由于风太大，人们发现想保住房子是不可能的了。
The fire spread with fearful speed, and for there was a high wind，people_________________________________.
find most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful
found it impossible to save the house
⑦吉姆最终醒来时，发现自己在医院里，受伤严重，甚至双腿失去了知觉。
When Jim finally woke up, he_______________________, severely injured and even incapable to feel his legs.
found himself in hospital
No.3 课时跟踪检测
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Ideas will come to you easily and some will prove to be _______
(极好的)．
2．He ____________(模仿) his uncle's voice and gestures perfectly.
3．Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you _________(回应) quickly to emergencies.
superb
mimicked
respond
4．By ___________(改造) the loft, they were able to have two extra bedrooms.
5．The __________ (新领域) of medical knowledge are being pushed forwards as time goes on.
converting
frontiers
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They ____________ (convert) that old factory into a large supermarket so far.
2．The shell has to be slightly porous (透气的) to enable oxygen ______ pass in.
3．The film ___________ (base) on World War Ⅱ.
have converted
to
was/is based
4．I waved to Nancy, but she was absorbed in her thought, and made no ____________ (respond)．
5．Today's complex buildings require close teamwork between the __________ (architecture) and the builders.
response
architects
Ⅲ.选词填空
take it for granted, be regarded as, stick with, be used to, be based on, be associated with, convert ...into ..., in harmony with, an example of, respond to
1．If men can't live ________________ nature, the balance will be destroyed.
2．It is quite convenient to have a sofa that can _______________
a bed if necessary.
in harmony with
be converted into
3．The fashion writer is _____________ an unconverted (不肯转变观念的) consumer.
4．Though he _______________ one of the best students in the class, he is still very modest.
5．To his surprise, around 50 young people _____________ his call at the same night.
6．We _________________ that we see the world as it actually is, but in fact, we do not.
an example of
is regarded as
responded to
take it for granted
7．After six years' life in the city, he _________ living here.
8．In the children's minds spring _______________ picnics.
9．The operating model of bike-sharing ____________ many high technologies.
10．Once you have a simple and clear view of the world, ___________it.
is used to
is associated with
is based on
stick with
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The teacher spoke______________________________________.
(so ...that ...)
老师讲得如此快以至于我没法记下所有的东西。
2．He went away without saying anything,____________________
_______.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
他什么也没说就走了，留下我们在外面站着。
so fast that I couldn't take everything down
leaving us standing
outside
3．When he came around, he______________________________
____________________.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
当他苏醒后，他发现周围站着他的家人和朋友。
4．He _____________________________________________what he had read.(not only ...but also ...)
他不仅读过这本书，还把所读的内容都记住了。
5．__________________________________your health.(动名词短语作主语) 做早操对你的健康有好处。
found himself surrounded by his
family and friends
not only had read the book but also remembered
Doing morning exercises is good for
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
We are so used to things that we may even take them ①____ granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, ②________ (include) those in architecture.
for
including
ArtScience Museum in Singapore, ③_______ (shape) like a lotus flower, captures the beauty of natural forms and was designed to show the ④_________ (connect) between nature and the modern city environment. The Eastgate Centre in Harare is ⑤___ superb example of biomimicry.Just like the mounds of termites, it is covered in holes designed ⑥________ (draw) air into the building during the day.The air cools as it reaches the middle of the building. At night, the heat that ⑦___________ (absorb) by the wall during the day warms the cool air,
shaped
connection
a
to draw
creating a comfortable temperature inside. The Algae House in Hamburg is an excellent piece of work of making ⑧______ (nature) organisms part of a building.Its surface is covered in panels that contain algae, ⑨_______ capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy. The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment.
Creating buildings such as these ⑩________ (able) us to live in closer harmony with our environment.

natural
which
enables
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Soil is one of the most important materials of daily life. It's necessary for growing the food and resources we depend on, protecting against drought and flooding and storing carbon dioxide for years to come. But the dirt under our feet is constantly in danger because of rising temperatures and loss of biodiversity caused by climate change. Although we may think soil is simple, it's pretty hard to know what's really going on deep in the ground from the surface.
Scientists in Italy, however, think they may have a robotic solution — a seed-inspired robot. Scientists at the Bioinspired Soft Robotics (BSR) Lab have developed the first 4D-printed seed-inspired soft robot, which can act as sensors for monitoring pollutants, CO2 levels, temperature and humidity in soil.
They were inspired by a South African geranium (a garden plant). The seeds of the plant have the ability to change shape in response to how humid their environment is. When the time comes for the seeds to leave the plant, they can separate themselves from the plant and move independently to find their way through soil. The curly seeds can find a home for themselves simply by becoming bigger or smaller depending on the water content in the air. The team imitated the seeds and developed robots that use materials that also change shape when exposed to humidity.
When tested in a soil sample, the robot was able to rock from side to side, adapt its shape to the space, and get into holes in the ground like a natural seed. Not to mention, it was capable of lifting things about 100 times its own weight. First author Luca Cecchini said that the robot is easy to break down and causes no harm to the soil. It could be used as a wireless, battery-free tool for surface soil exploration and monitoring.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是意大利科学家们开发出了一种受到植物种子启发的软体机器人，可以用作监测土壤中污染物、二氧化碳水平、温度和湿度的传感器。这种机器人易于分解，并不对土壤造成任何伤害，可以用作无线、无需电池的表面土壤探测和监测工具。
1．What can be learned about soil from paragraph 1
A．It is at risk.
B．It can be easily polluted.
C．It is seldom studied by scientists.
D．It is partly responsible for climate problems.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可知，由于气候变化导致的气温上升和生物多样性的丧失，我们脚下的土地不断处于危险之中。
√
2．What is the scientists' purpose of inventing the robot
A．To deal with climate change.
B．To improve farming efficiency.
C．To monitor the condition of soil.
D．To test the 4D-printing technology.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，科学家们发明该机器人的目的是监测土壤中污染物、二氧化碳水平、温度和湿度，即检测土壤的状况。
√
3．What is the basic design feature of the seed-inspired robot
A．Controlling the soil temperature.
B．Changing the shape of plant seeds.
C．Carrying the seeds to the right place.
D．Adapting to humidity changes in soil.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，该机器人可以改变形状，以适应土壤湿度的变化。
√
4．What did Luca Cecchini say about the robot
A．It is highly affordable.
B．It is environment-friendly.
C．It doesn't perform well in the field.
D．It works well under extreme conditions.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，该机器人在土壤中很容易分解，不会对土壤造成伤害。因此它是环保的。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Coming from Villa Tesei, one of the neighborhoods in the greater urban region of Buenos Aires, Argentina, muralist (壁画家) Fio Silva adds transformative effects of brilliant color and movement to the walls that she touches — much of it inspired by 5 .
As Silva explains, “I think the idea that 6 me the most is that of movement and strength. I like working with animals, especially birds, and mixing them with nature-inspired shapes in a creative way.I 7 to make it something that goes beyond attracting 8 for its colors or scale. It is also something that can ‘be 9 ’， and that tells you something.”
Silva says that she 10 her occupation almost by accident：
“I 11 painting murals because a friend gave me some spray cans for my birthday. And with that, I went to paint on the street for the first time, out of 12 . People in my neighborhood 13 gave up their walls for me to paint and there I fell in love with painting in the 14 space.”
Silva is particularly careful with the 15 that she chooses to include in an artwork, as certain colors will either strengthen or 16 what she wants to express, channeling a power that can 17 the viewers from the chaotic city surroundings into the natural world 18 by this artist.
Beautiful art that enlivens cities should be a public good, and it's 19 to see artists that passionately believe in this idea and are actively working to make it a reality.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿根廷壁画家Fio Silva以自然为灵感从事街头艺术创作的故事。
5．A.nature　　　　　　　　 B．life
C．science D.fashion
解析：由下文中的“I like working with ...in a creative way.”可知，Silva的创作是以自然为灵感的。
6．A.bothers B.amuses
C．interests D.worries
解析：由上文中的“adds transformative effects ...to the walls”可推知，最让Silva感兴趣的是创作中赋予墙的生机和活力。
√
√
7．A.switch B.try
C．continue D.need
解析：由本段中的“make it something that goes beyond attracting ...”和“It is also something that can ...”可推知，Silva尝试创作的不仅仅是能因色彩和规模吸引注意力的作品。
8．A.attention B.wealth
C．respect D.talent
解析：根据语境可知，此处指“吸引注意力”。
√
√
9．A.sold B.found
C．evaluated D.read
解析：由该空后的“that tells you something”可知，这些作品还应该能被“阅读”。
10．A.gave up B.talked about
C．came upon D.reflected on
解析：由下文中的“I ...painting murals ...for my birthday”可知，Silva走上这条职业道路纯属偶然。
√
√
11．A.started B.missed
C．risked D.acknowledged
解析：由本段中的“I went to paint on the street for the first time”可知，Silva收到朋友送的礼物之后才开始画壁画。
12．A.depression B.necessity
C．fulfillment D.curiosity
解析：根据语境可知，她最初走上街头创作只是出于好奇。
√
√
13．A.reluctantly B.enthusiastically
C．superficially D.officially
解析：由本段中的“there I fell in love with painting”可推知，社区的人们给了她很多支持，都十分热情地让出自己的墙给她作画。
14．A.digital B.decent
C．rural D.public
解析：由本段中的“paint on the street”及全文语境可知，Silva爱上了在公共空间绘画。
√
√
15．A.lines B.colors
C．plants D.animals
解析：由该空后的“certain colors will ...to express”可推知，她在选取创作作品所用的颜色时十分谨慎。
16．A.weaken B.forecast
C．decide D.clarify
解析：由该空前的“either strengthen or”可推知，一些特定的颜色要么可以强化她的表达，要么会削弱她的表达。
√
√
17．A.prevent B.hold
C．transport D.convert
解析：由该空后的“from the chaotic city surroundings into the natural world”可知，她的作品将欣赏者从喧嚣的都市环境带到了自然世界。
18．A.attained B.exhibited
C．visited D.remembered
解析：由全文语境可知，这个自然世界是Silva通过绘画展现出来的。
√
√
19．A.frightening B.surprising
C．disappointing D.heartening
解析：由该空前的“Beautiful art that ...should be a public good”可知，让城市焕发生命力的艺术对公众是有利的，因此看到艺术家坚信这一点并积极付诸实践是振奋人心的。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
Dazhai, a village 1 (surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi's Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups, which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced (梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years, 2 (attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year. Its terraced fields follow 3 landform of the mountains, at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level. So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces 4 (dig)．
Those in Dazhai are important 5 (representative) of Longji terracing, a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, 6 (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape 7 resembles a staircase to the clouds. The largest terrace is no more than an acre 8 size, while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings (秧苗)．
Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature 9 the dynamic balance of forests and fields. They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture.
Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water 10 (manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day. Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广西的龙脊梯田。
1．surrounded　考查非谓语动词。 空处作定语，修饰名词village，village与surround之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。
2.attracts　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作谓语动词，由时间状语every year可知应用一般现在时；主语为a village，为单数，且主语a village与attract之间为主动关系，故填attracts。
3．the　考查冠词。 此处特指山的形貌，应用the landform of ...。
4．have been dug　考查时态和语态及主谓一致。 空处作谓语动词，由时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时；主语为terraces，复数，且terraces与dig之间为被动关系，故填have been dug。
5．representatives　考查名词的数。空处作表语，主语those为复数，故此处应用名词的复数形式作表语。
6．winding　考查非谓语动词。 句子的谓语是has，空处作状语，主语the highest tier与wind之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
7．which/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a magnificent landscape，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导。
8．in　考查介词。此处考查固定搭配in size，意为“在尺寸上”。
9．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，harmony和the dynamic balance两个名词之间为并列关系，故应用and连接。
10．management　考查名词。空处作介词of的宾语，故应用名词“management(管理)”。1 / 6
UNIT 5　课时检测(二)　“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节
[语言基础训练]
　Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Ideas will come to you easily and some will prove to be __________ (极好的)．
2．He __________ (模仿) his uncle's voice and gestures perfectly.
3．Knowing basic first aid techniques will help you __________ (回应) quickly to emergencies.
4．By __________ (改造) the loft, they were able to have two extra bedrooms.
5．The __________ (新领域) of medical knowledge are being pushed forwards as time goes on.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They __________ (convert) that old factory into a large supermarket so far.
2．The shell has to be slightly porous (透气的) to enable oxygen __________ pass in.
3．The film __________ (base) on World War Ⅱ.
4．I waved to Nancy, but she was absorbed in her thought, and made no __________ (respond)．
5．Today's complex buildings require close teamwork between the __________ (architecture) and the builders.
Ⅲ.选词填空
take it for granted, be regarded as, stick with, be used to, be based on, be associated with, convert ...into ..., in harmony with, an example of, respond to
1．If men can't live ______________ nature, the balance will be destroyed.
2．It is quite convenient to have a sofa that can ______________ a bed if necessary.
3．The fashion writer is ______________ an unconverted (不肯转变观念的) consumer.
4．Though he ______________ one of the best students in the class, he is still very modest.
5．To his surprise, around 50 young people ______________ his call at the same night.
6．We ______________ that we see the world as it actually is, but in fact, we do not.
7．After six years' life in the city, he ______________ living here.
8．In the children's minds spring ______________ picnics.
9．The operating model of bike sharing __________ many high technologies.
10．Once you have a simple and clear view of the world, ______________ it.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The teacher spoke ______________________________________________.(so ...that ...)
老师讲得如此快以至于我没法记下所有的东西。
2．He went away without saying anything, ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
他什么也没说就走了，留下我们在外面站着。
3．When he came around, he __________________________________________________________.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
当他苏醒后，他发现周围站着他的家人和朋友。
4．He ____________________________________________________________ what he had read.(not only ...but also ...)
他不仅读过这本书，还把所读的内容都记住了。
5．______________________________ your health.(动名词短语作主语)
做早操对你的健康有好处。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
We are so used to things that we may even take them ①__________ granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us.Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, ②__________ (include) those in architecture.
ArtScience Museum in Singapore, ③__________ (shape) like a lotus flower, captures the beauty of natural forms and was designed to show the ④__________ (connect) between nature and the modern city environment. The Eastgate Centre in Harare is ⑤__________ superb example of biomimicry.Just like the mounds of termites, it is covered in holes designed ⑥__________ (draw) air into the building during the day.The air cools as it reaches the middle of the building. At night, the heat that ⑦__________ (absorb) by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating a comfortable temperature inside. The Algae House in Hamburg is an excellent piece of work of making ⑧__________ (nature) organisms part of a building.Its surface is covered in panels that contain algae, ⑨__________ capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy. The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment.
Creating buildings such as these ⑩__________ (able) us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Soil is one of the most important materials of daily life. It's necessary for growing the food and resources we depend on, protecting against drought and flooding and storing carbon dioxide for years to come. But the dirt under our feet is constantly in danger because of rising temperatures and loss of biodiversity caused by climate change. Although we may think soil is simple, it's pretty hard to know what's really going on deep in the ground from the surface.
Scientists in Italy, however, think they may have a robotic solution — a seed inspired robot. Scientists at the Bioinspired Soft Robotics (BSR) Lab have developed the first 4D printed seed inspired soft robot, which can act as sensors for monitoring pollutants, CO2 levels, temperature and humidity in soil.
They were inspired by a South African geranium (a garden plant). The seeds of the plant have the ability to change shape in response to how humid their environment is. When the time comes for the seeds to leave the plant, they can separate themselves from the plant and move independently to find their way through soil. The curly seeds can find a home for themselves simply by becoming bigger or smaller depending on the water content in the air. The team imitated the seeds and developed robots that use materials that also change shape when exposed to humidity.
When tested in a soil sample, the robot was able to rock from side to side, adapt its shape to the space, and get into holes in the ground like a natural seed. Not to mention, it was capable of lifting things about 100 times its own weight. First author Luca Cecchini said that the robot is easy to break down and causes no harm to the soil. It could be used as a wireless, battery free tool for surface soil exploration and monitoring.
1．What can be learned about soil from paragraph 1
A．It is at risk.
B．It can be easily polluted.
C．It is seldom studied by scientists.
D．It is partly responsible for climate problems.
2．What is the scientists' purpose of inventing the robot
A．To deal with climate change.
B．To improve farming efficiency.
C．To monitor the condition of soil.
D．To test the 4D printing technology.
3．What is the basic design feature of the seed inspired robot
A．Controlling the soil temperature.
B．Changing the shape of plant seeds.
C．Carrying the seeds to the right place.
D．Adapting to humidity changes in soil.
4．What did Luca Cecchini say about the robot
A．It is highly affordable.
B．It is environment friendly.
C．It doesn't perform well in the field.
D．It works well under extreme conditions.
Ⅱ.完形填空　
Coming from Villa Tesei, one of the neighborhoods in the greater urban region of Buenos Aires, Argentina, muralist (壁画家) Fio Silva adds transformative effects of brilliant color and movement to the walls that she touches — much of it inspired by __5__.
As Silva explains, “I think the idea that __6__ me the most is that of movement and strength. I like working with animals, especially birds, and mixing them with nature inspired shapes in a creative way.I __7__ to make it something that goes beyond attracting __8__ for its colors or scale. It is also something that can ‘be __9__’， and that tells you something.”
Silva says that she __10__ her occupation almost by accident：
“I __11__ painting murals because a friend gave me some spray cans for my birthday. And with that, I went to paint on the street for the first time, out of __12__. People in my neighborhood __13__ gave up their walls for me to paint and there I fell in love with painting in the __14__ space.”
Silva is particularly careful with the __15__ that she chooses to include in an artwork, as certain colors will either strengthen or __16__ what she wants to express, channeling a power that can __17__ the viewers from the chaotic city surroundings into the natural world __18__ by this artist.
Beautiful art that enlivens cities should be a public good, and it's __19__ to see artists that passionately believe in this idea and are actively working to make it a reality.
5.A.nature　　　　　 B．life
C．science D．fashion
6．A.bothers B．amuses
C．interests D．worries
7．A.switch B．try
C．continue D．need
8．A.attention B．wealth
C．respect D．talent
9．A.sold B．found
C．evaluated D．read
10．A.gave up B．talked about
C．came upon D．reflected on
11．A.started B．missed
C．risked D．acknowledged
12．A.depression B．necessity
C．fulfillment D．curiosity
13．A.reluctantly B．enthusiastically
C．superficially D．officially
14．A.digital B．decent
C．rural D．public
15．A.lines B．colors
C．plants D．animals
16．A.weaken B．forecast
C．decide D．clarify
17．A.prevent B．hold
C．transport D．convert
18．A.attained B．exhibited
C．visited D．remembered
19．A.frightening B．surprising
C．disappointing D．heartening
Ⅲ.语法填空
Dazhai, a village __1__ (surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi's Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups, which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced (梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years, __2__ (attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year. Its terraced fields follow __3__ landform of the mountains, at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level. So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces __4__ (dig)．
Those in Dazhai are important __5__ (representative) of Longji terracing, a well known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels, __6__ (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape __7__ resembles a staircase to the clouds. The largest terrace is no more than an acre __8__ size, while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings (秧苗)．
Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature __9__ the dynamic balance of forests and fields. They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture.
Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water __10__ (manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day. Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved.
UNIT 5　课时检测(二)
[语言基础训练]
Ⅰ.1.superb　2.mimicked　3.respond　4.converting
5．frontiers
Ⅱ.1.have converted　2.to　3.was/is based　4.response
5．architects
Ⅲ.1.in harmony with　2.be converted into　3.an example of　4.is regarded as　5.responded to　6.take it for granted　7.is used to　8.is associated with　9.is based on　10.stick with
Ⅳ.1.so fast that I couldn't take everything down
2．leaving us standing outside
3．found himself surrounded by his family and friends
4．not only had read the book but also remembered
5．Doing morning exercises is good for
Ⅴ.①for　②including　③shaped　④connection　⑤a
⑥to draw　⑦is absorbed　⑧natural　⑨which　⑩enables
[语篇综合训练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是意大利科学家们开发出了一种受到植物种子启发的软体机器人，可以用作监测土壤中污染物、二氧化碳水平、温度和湿度的传感器。这种机器人易于分解，并不对土壤造成任何伤害，可以用作无线、无需电池的表面土壤探测和监测工具。
1．选A　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可知，由于气候变化导致的气温上升和生物多样性的丧失，我们脚下的土地不断处于危险之中。
2．选C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，科学家们发明该机器人的目的是监测土壤中污染物、二氧化碳水平、温度和湿度，即检测土壤的状况。
3．选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，该机器人可以改变形状，以适应土壤湿度的变化。
4．选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，该机器人在土壤中很容易分解，不会对土壤造成伤害。因此它是环保的。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了阿根廷壁画家Fio Silva以自然为灵感从事街头艺术创作的故事。
5．选A　由下文中的“I like working with ...in a creative way.”可知，Silva的创作是以自然为灵感的。
6．选C　由上文中的“adds transformative effects ...to the walls”可推知，最让Silva感兴趣的是创作中赋予墙的生机和活力。
7．选B　由本段中的“make it something that goes beyond attracting ...”和“It is also something that can ...”可推知，Silva尝试创作的不仅仅是能因色彩和规模吸引注意力的作品。
8．选A　根据语境可知，此处指“吸引注意力”。
9．选D　由该空后的“that tells you something”可知，这些作品还应该能被“阅读”。
10．选C　由下文中的“I ...painting murals ...for my birthday”可知，Silva走上这条职业道路纯属偶然。
11．选A　由本段中的“I went to paint on the street for the first time”可知，Silva收到朋友送的礼物之后才开始画壁画。
12．选D　根据语境可知，她最初走上街头创作只是出于好奇。
13．选B　由本段中的“there I fell in love with painting”可推知，社区的人们给了她很多支持，都十分热情地让出自己的墙给她作画。
14．选D　由本段中的“paint on the street”及全文语境可知，Silva爱上了在公共空间绘画。
15．选B　由该空后的“certain colors will ...to express”可推知，她在选取创作作品所用的颜色时十分谨慎。
16．选A　由该空前的“either strengthen or”可推知，一些特定的颜色要么可以强化她的表达，要么会削弱她的表达。
17．选C　由该空后的“from the chaotic city surroundings into the natural world”可知，她的作品将欣赏者从喧嚣的都市环境带到了自然世界。
18．选B　由全文语境可知，这个自然世界是Silva通过绘画展现出来的。
19．选D　由该空前的“Beautiful art that ...should be a public good”可知，让城市焕发生命力的艺术对公众是有利的，因此看到艺术家坚信这一点并积极付诸实践是振奋人心的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广西的龙脊梯田。
1．surrounded　考查非谓语动词。 空处作定语，修饰名词village，village与surround之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。
2.attracts　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处作谓语动词，由时间状语every year可知应用一般现在时；主语为a village，为单数，且主语a village与attract之间为主动关系，故填attracts。
3．the　考查冠词。 此处特指山的形貌，应用the landform of ...。
4．have been dug　考查时态和语态及主谓一致。 空处作谓语动词，由时间状语so far可知应用现在完成时；主语为terraces，复数，且terraces与dig之间为被动关系，故填have been dug。
5．representatives　考查名词的数。空处作表语，主语those为复数，故此处应用名词的复数形式作表语。
6．winding　考查非谓语动词。 句子的谓语是has，空处作状语，主语the highest tier与wind之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。
7．which/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a magnificent landscape，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用which/that引导。
8．in　考查介词。此处考查固定搭配in size，意为“在尺寸上”。
9．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，harmony和the dynamic balance两个名词之间为并列关系，故应用and连接。
10．management　考查名词。空处作介词of的宾语，故应用名词“management(管理)”。

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