资源简介

OD4
A
Look Word Phonetic Meaning Example Sentence
moon [mu n] n.月球;月亮;卫星;月相 They were the first men to land on the moon.
asteroid [ st r d] n.小行星; adj.星状的; There is an asteroid on a collision course with the Earth.
comet [ k m t] n.彗星;扫帚星 We were not altogether sure that the comet would miss the Earth.
meteorite [ mi ti ra t] n.陨石 The blast may have vaporised the meteorite.
Look Word Phonetic Meaning Example Sentence
solar system [ s l s st m] n.太阳系;类太阳系 Saturn is the second biggest planet in the solar system.
stars [stɑ z] n.星级;星;恒星;星号;星状物;星形饰物; These stars look very bright.
galaxy [ ɡ l ksi] n.星系;银河;银河系;人才荟萃;群英 The Galaxy consists of 100 billion stars.
universe [ ju n v s] n.天地万物;(已知宇宙以外的)宇宙;万象 Our earth is but a part of the universe
spacecraft [ spe skrɑ ft] n.航天器;宇宙飞船; My dream spacecraft has golden wings.
Look Word Phonetic Meaning Example Sentence
telescope [ tel sk p] n.望远镜 The telescope was pointing in the wrong direction.
observatory [ b z v tri] n.天文台;气象台;天文观测站; The storm damaged the old observatory in 2020.
B
星系（galaxy） 是最大的结构单位，由数十亿至数千亿颗恒星、行星、星云、暗物质等组成。例如，我们所在的 银河系（Milky Way galaxy） 就是一个巨大的星系。
太阳系（solar system） 是星系中的一个微小部分，位于银河系的一个旋臂上。它以 太阳 为中心，包括八大行星（如地球）、矮行星、小行星、彗星、卫星（如月球）以及尘埃和气体等。
月球（moon） 是围绕行星运行的天然卫星、地球的卫星。月球（The Moon） 是太阳系的一部分，而其他行星（如木星、土星）也有自己的卫星。
陨石（meteorite） 是来自太空的岩石或金属块，通常是 小行星或彗星的碎片。当它们进入地球大气层并坠落到地面时，就称为陨石。它们可能来自太阳系内的其他天体，甚至可能来自更遥远的星系。
四者的层级关系：
星系（galaxy） → 包含多个 恒星系统（如太阳系solar system） → 太阳系包含行星及其卫星（如月球moon） → 陨石meteorite可能是太阳系或星系中其他天体的碎片。
简单来说：陨石可能来自太阳系或更远的星系，而月球是太阳系中地球的卫星，太阳系又是银河系中的一小部分。
Word Phonetic Meaning Example Sentence
vast [vɑ st] adj.巨大的;庞大的 This vast archive has been indexed and made accessible to researchers.
dwelled [dweld] v.居住;栖身; He dwelled in a small county.
speck [spek] n.斑点;小点;污点; Identification of bacterial strip speck disease on rice grain
disk [d sk] n.磁盘;磁碟; Every file on the same disk must have a different name.
常用搭配：
live with one's family 和家人一起生活
in a quiet neighborhood 在一个安静的社区/街区
in one's free time 在某人的空闲时间
study the secrets of (sth) 研究...的秘密
help sb (to) understand/realize/do sth
帮助某人理解/意识到/做某事 (to 可省略)
one of billions/millions/thousands
(仅仅) 是数十亿/数百万/数千中的一个
travel to (place) from beyond (place)
从...之外的地方旅行到... (e.g., from beyond Mars)
so vast that... 如此广阔以至于...
it takes (time) to do sth 做某事需要（多少时间）(it 是形式主语)
10. at the speed of light 以光速
11. the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方法
句型分析：
定语从句 (Relative Clauses):
Charles Kunayak was a high school science teacher who lived with his family in a quiet neighborhood in Nome, Alaska.
who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 teacher，说明这个老师的特点（和家人住在...）。
宾语从句 (Object Clauses):
How could Charles help his daughter Bella understand that our sun was just one of billions of stars
that 引导宾语从句，作 understand 的宾语，说明理解的内容是什么。
How could she realize that the small meteorite on display in his classroom traveled to Earth from beyond Mars
that 引导宾语从句，作 realize 的宾语。
How could he explain that we live in a universe so vast, it would take a spacecraft 100,000 years to cross our Milky Way galaxy while traveling at the speed of light!
that 引导宾语从句，作 explain 的宾语。
Charles decided that the best way to show Bella was not through numbers and charts, but through a poem.
that 引导宾语从句，作 decided 的宾语。
He sat down and wrote what he knew about the universe.
what 引导宾语从句，作 wrote 的宾语。what 相当于 the things that。
结果状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Result):
How could he explain that we live in a universe so vast, (that) it would take a spacecraft 100,000 years to cross our Milky Way galaxy while traveling at the speed of light!
他该如何解释——我们生活的这个宇宙浩瀚无垠，即便以光速飞行，穿越银河系也需要耗费飞船十万年之久！
so vast 是形容词短语修饰 universe。so+形容词+that
so ... that ... 结构引导结果状语从句（这里口语中常省略 that），说明宇宙“如此”广阔，“以至于”产生了什么结果。
在结果状语从句 (that) it would take... 中：
it 是形式主语。
真正的主语是后面的不定式短语 to cross our Milky Way galaxy。
while traveling at the speed of light 是现在分词短语作时间状语，修饰 to cross，说明“以光速飞行”这个条件下需要多久。分词短语 traveling... 的逻辑主语是 a spacecraft。
虚拟语气：
"it would take" 译为"也需要耗费"，既保留假设语境又自然流畅
感叹句 (Exclamatory Sentence):
What an amazing universe!
这是一个典型的 What + (a/an) + adj + noun 结构的感叹句，强烈表达对宇宙的赞叹。
用will进行预测
使用will进行预测，预测是你对未来某件事的看法或信念，预测不是事实。
英语中主要有四种使用“will”表示将来的方式。
做出预测，表述你认为将要发生的事情。（这个预测没有事实根据）
Wait a few minutes. I think it will stop raining soon.
许诺为某人做某事。
You look frozen. I’ll make you some hot soup.
做出保证
We’ll be there by eight. Don’t worry.
表述自己刚刚做出的决定。
I know! I’ll buy Aaron a surfboard for his birthday.(这个决定不是提前做出的)

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