2024新人教版英语八年级上册 第1--8单元知识点总结文字素材(单词 短语 句子 语法) - (2022新课标)

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2024新人教版英语八年级上册 第1--8单元知识点总结文字素材(单词 短语 句子 语法) - (2022新课标)

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2024新人教版英语八年级上册 【第1--8单元】
全册
知识点总结
(单词+短语+句子+语法)
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
一、重点单词
1. activity / k t v ti/ n. 活动
2. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险
3. airport / e p t/ n. 机场
4. amazing / me z / adj. 令人惊奇的
5. arrive / ra v/ v. 到达
6. backpack / b kp k/ n. 背包
7. beach /bi t / n. 海滩
8. boring / b r / adj. 无聊的
9. camp /k mp/ v. & n. 露营;营地
fortable / k mft bl/ adj. 舒适的
11. delicious /d l s/ adj. 美味的
12. depart /d pɑ t/ v. 离开
13. destination / dest ne n/ n. 目的地
14. enjoy / n d / v. 享受
15. exciting / k sa t / adj. 令人兴奋的
16. explore / k spl (r)/ v. 探索
17. famous / fe m s/ adj. 著名的
18. flight /fla t/ n. 航班
19. foreign / f r n/ adj. 外国的
20. fun /f n/ n. & adj. 乐趣;有趣的
21. guide /ɡa d/ n. & v. 导游;引导
22. holiday / h l de / n. 假期
23. hotel /h tel/ n. 酒店
24. hungry / h ɡri/ adj. 饥饿的
25. interesting / ntr st / adj. 有趣的
26. journey / d ni/ n. 旅行
27. language / l ɡw d / n. 语言
28. local / l kl/ adj. 当地的
29. luggage / l ɡ d / n. 行李
30. map /m p/ n. 地图
31. mountain / ma nt n/ n. 山
32. museum /mju zi m/ n. 博物馆
33. nature / ne t (r)/ n. 自然
34. pack /p k/ v. 打包
35. passport / pɑ sp t/ n. 护照
36. photo / f t / n. 照片
37. plan /pl n/ n. & v. 计划
38. relax /r l ks/ v. 放松
39. remember /r memb (r)/ v. 记住
40. rent /rent/ v. 租用
41. restaurant / restr nt/ n. 餐厅
42. scenery / si n ri/ n. 风景
43. shopping / p / n. 购物
44. sightseeing / sa tsi / n. 观光
45. souvenir / su v n (r)/ n. 纪念品
46. stay /ste / v. & n. 停留;逗留
47. sunny / s ni/ adj. 晴朗的
48. taste /te st/ v. & n. 品尝;味道
49. ticket / t k t/ n. 票
50. tour /t (r)/ n. & v. 旅行;游览
51. tourist / t r st/ n. 游客
52. traffic / tr f k/ n. 交通
53. trip /tr p/ n. 旅行
54. visit / v z t/ v. & n. 参观;访问
55. weather / we (r)/ n. 天气
56. wonderful / w nd fl/ adj. 极好的
二、重点短语
1. go on a trip 去旅行
2. take a vacation 度假
3. visit a museum 参观博物馆
4. go sightseeing 去观光
5. go camping 去露营
6. go hiking 去远足
7. go to the beach 去海滩
8. have a picnic 野餐
9. take photos 拍照
10. buy souvenirs 买纪念品
11. arrive at/in... 到达(某地)
12. depart from... 从……出发
13. take a flight 乘飞机
14. catch a train 赶火车
15. rent a car 租车
16. pack one’s luggage 打包行李
17. check in (at a hotel) 办理入住
18. check out (of a hotel) 退房
19. have fun 玩得开心
20. enjoy oneself 过得愉快
21. feel relaxed 感到放松
22. be excited about... 对……感到兴奋
23. be interested in... 对……感兴趣
24. try local food 尝试当地食物
25. taste delicious food 品尝美食
26. have good/bad weather 天气好/不好
27. make a plan 制定计划
28. book a hotel 预订酒店
29. look forward to... 期待……
30. remember to do sth. 记得做某事
31. on holiday 在度假
32. in the mountains 在山上
33. by the sea 在海边
34. a famous tourist attraction 著名旅游景点
35. a comfortable hotel 舒适的酒店
36. an amazing experience 一次奇妙的经历
三、重点句子
1. 旅行计划与安排
1. Where are you going for your holiday 你假期要去哪里?
2. I'm planning to visit Beijing this summer. 我计划今年夏天去北京。
3. We're going to take a trip to Shanghai. 我们要去上海旅行。
4. How long will you stay there 你会在那里待多久?
5. I'll stay for about two weeks. 我会待大约两周。
6. Have you booked your hotel yet 你订好酒店了吗?
7. I want to visit some famous tourist attractions. 我想参观一些著名景点。
2. 交通方式
8. How will you get there 你怎么去那里?
9. We're taking a flight to Hainan. 我们要乘飞机去海南。
10. The train leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 火车明天早上8点发车。
11. It takes about 2 hours by plane. 乘飞机大约需要2小时。
12. We can rent a car to travel around. 我们可以租车四处游玩。
3. 活动与体验
13. What activities will you do there 你在那里会做什么活动?
14. We're going to go sightseeing in the city. 我们要在城市里观光。
15. I want to try some local food. 我想尝尝当地美食。
16. The seafood here is very delicious. 这里的海鲜非常美味。
17. We had an amazing time at the beach. 我们在海滩玩得很开心。
18. Did you take many photos 你拍了很多照片吗?
19. I bought some souvenirs for my friends. 我给朋友们买了一些纪念品。
4. 感受与评价
20. How was your trip 你的旅行怎么样?
21. It was wonderful! 太棒了!
22. The weather was perfect. 天气非常好。
23. The hotel was very comfortable. 酒店非常舒适。
24. I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得很开心。
25. Everything was interesting. 一切都很有趣。
26. The people there were very friendly. 那里的人们非常友好。
27. I felt relaxed during the holiday. 假期里我感到很放松。
5. 天气与季节
28. What's the weather like there 那里的天气怎么样?
29. It's sunny and warm in summer. 夏天阳光充足,天气温暖。
30. It rains a lot in July. 七月份经常下雨。
31. The best time to visit is spring. 最佳游览时间是春天。
6. 问路与方位
32. Excuse me, where is the museum 请问博物馆在哪里?
33. How can I get to the train station 我怎么去火车站?
34. It's not far from here. 离这儿不远。
35. You can take Bus No. 5. 你可以坐5路公交车。
36. Go straight and turn left at the traffic lights. 直走,在红绿灯处左转。
7. 购物与消费
37. How much is this souvenir 这个纪念品多少钱?
38. Can I try it on 我能试穿吗?
39. Do you accept credit cards 你们接受信用卡吗?
40. That's too expensive. 太贵了。
41. I'd like to buy some gifts for my family. 我想给家人买些礼物。
8. 应急与帮助
42. I lost my passport. 我的护照丢了。
43. Where is the nearest hospital 最近的医院在哪里?
44. Can you help me, please 你能帮我吗?
45. I need to call the police. 我需要报警。
9. 回忆与总结
46. This was the best holiday ever! 这是最棒的假期!
47. I'll never forget this trip. 我永远不会忘记这次旅行。
48. I want to come back again next year. 我想明年再来。
49. Traveling makes me happy. 旅行让我快乐。
四、语法点
复合不定代词
复合不定代词是由 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 -body, -one, -thing 组合而成的代词,用于指代不特定的人或物。
一)基本形式
| 前缀 \ 后缀 | -body / -one(指人) | -thing(指物) | -where(指地点) |
| some- | somebody, someone | something | somewhere |
| any- | anybody, anyone | anything | anywhere |
| no- | nobody, no one | nothing | nowhere |
| every- | everybody, everyone | everything | everywhere |
二)用法规则
1. 肯定句:多用 some- 系列
- Someone is knocking at the door.(有人在敲门。)
- I need something to eat.(我需要吃点东西。)
2. 否定句 & 疑问句:多用 any- 系列
- Do you know anyone here (你认识这里的任何人吗?)
- She didn't say anything.(她什么也没说。)
例外:当疑问句表示“建议或请求”时,用 some-:
- Would you like something to drink (想喝点什么吗?)
3. 否定意义:用 no- 系列(本身已含否定,谓语用肯定形式)
- Nobody knows the answer.(没人知道答案。)
- There is nothing in the box.(盒子里什么也没有。)
4. 泛指全部:用 every- 系列
- Everyone likes the movie.(大家都喜欢这部电影。)
- She checks everywhere but found nothing.(她到处找,但一无所获。)
三)注意事项
1. 单数谓语:复合不定代词作主语时,谓语用单数。
- Everything is ready.(一切就绪。)
- Nobody has the key.(没人有钥匙。)
2. 形容词修饰:形容词需后置,放在 -thing 或 -body 之后。
- I want to eat something sweet.(我想吃点甜食。)
- Is there anything interesting (有什么有趣的事吗?)
3. 所有格形式:指人的复合代词可加 's 表示所有格。
- Someone's wallet is on the floor.(某人的钱包掉地上了。)
- Everybody's opinion matters.(每个人的意见都很重要。)
4. 与 else 连用:表示“其他…”。
- Ask someone else for help.(找别人帮忙吧。)
- Did you see anything else (你还看到别的了吗?)
四)常见搭配
- anything but(绝不):He is anything but lazy.(他绝不懒惰。)
- nothing but(只有):She eats nothing but vegetables.(她只吃蔬菜。)
- something like(大约):It costs something like $50.(大约50美元。)
PS:
这里顺便复习一下之前学过的简单不定代词的一些用法:
常见简单不定代词的用法讲解
1)some和any
a.some常用于肯定句,any多用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句,两者都可以代替可数或不可数名词。
例如:
Some say yes and some say no.
有的人说是,有的人说不是。
I don’t like any of them.
我对他们一个也不喜欢。
Does any of them know this
他们当中有谁知道吗?
b.如果在提问时期待对方肯定回答,或鼓励别人说yes时,疑问句中的不定代词要用some,不用any。
例如:
Would you like some of the tickets
你想要些票吗?
c.在强调“任何一个”意思的时候,any也可用于肯定句。
例如:
You can take any of the newspapers here.
你可以拿这儿任何一份报纸。
2)either和neither
either用于肯定,neither用于否定,二者均限于两个个体的情况。
例如:
You can see tall trees on either of the river banks.
在河的两岸你们能看到高大的树。
Neither of them wants to see the film with me.
他们两个谁也不想和我去看电影。
3)one和ones(one的复数形式)
one可以指某人,人人或某物,也可以用来代替上文中提及的可数名词,以避免用词的重复。当one指人时,其反身代词为oneself,所有格形式是one’s。
例如:
One should follow the laws.
人人应该遵守法律。
The one in red is our monitor.
穿红衣服的那位是我们的班长。
Shanghai has a lot of new buildings, but it also has many old ones.
上海有很多新的建筑物,也有不少老的建筑物。
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
重点单词
1. apartment / pɑ rtm nt/ n. 公寓
2. balcony / b lk ni/ n. 阳台
3. basement / be sm nt/ n. 地下室
4. bathroom / b θru m/ n. 浴室
5. bedroom / bedru m/ n. 卧室
6. bookshelf / b k elf/ n. 书架
7. carpet / kɑ rp t/ n. 地毯
8. ceiling / si l / n. 天花板
9. chair /t er/ n. 椅子
10. closet / klɑ z t/ n. 衣柜
11. comfortable / k mft bl/ adj. 舒适的
12. couch /ka t / n. 长沙发
13. cupboard / k b rd/ n. 橱柜
14. curtain / k rtn/ n. 窗帘
15. dining room / da n ru m/ n. 餐厅
16. door /d r/ n. 门
17. drawer /dr r/ n. 抽屉
18. elevator / el ve t r/ n. 电梯
19. entrance / entr ns/ n. 入口
20. fence /fens/ n. 栅栏
21. fireplace / fa rple s/ n. 壁炉
22. floor /fl r/ n. 地板;楼层
23. fridge /fr d / n. 冰箱
24. furniture / f rn t r/ n. 家具
25. garage /ɡ rɑ / n. 车库
26. garden / ɡɑ rdn/ n. 花园
27. hall /h l/ n. 大厅
28. house /ha s/ n. 房子
29. kitchen / k t n/ n. 厨房
30. lamp /l mp/ n. 台灯
31. laundry / l ndri/ n. 洗衣房
32. light /la t/ n. 灯
33. living room / l v ru m/ n. 客厅
34. mailbox / me lbɑ ks/ n. 邮箱
35. mat /m t/ n. 垫子
36. microwave / ma kr we v/ n. 微波炉
37. mirror / m r r/ n. 镜子
38. neighbor / ne b r/ n. 邻居
39. noisy / n zi/ adj. 吵闹的
40. oven / vn/ n. 烤箱
41. painting / pe nt / n. 画
42. pillow / p lo / n. 枕头
43. porch /p rt / n. 门廊
44. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的
45. refrigerator /r fr d re t r/ n. 冰箱
46. roof /ru f/ n. 屋顶
47. room /ru m/ n. 房间
48. rug /r ɡ/ n. 小地毯
49. shelf / elf/ n. 架子
50. shower / a r/ n. 淋浴
51. sink /s k/ n. 水槽
52. sofa / so f / n. 沙发
53. stairs /sterz/ n. 楼梯
54. stove /sto v/ n. 炉子
55. table / te bl/ n. 桌子
56. television (TV) / tel v n/ n. 电视
57. toilet / t l t/ n. 马桶
58. wall /w l/ n. 墙
59. wardrobe / w rdro b/ n. 衣柜
60. window / w ndo / n. 窗户
61. yard /jɑ rd/ n. 院子
二、主要短语
一)动词短语(动作相关)
1. tidy up the room 整理房间
2. put away clothes 收好衣服
3. hang up a picture 挂画
4. turn on/off the light 开/关灯
5. set the table 摆餐具(准备吃饭)
6. take out the trash 倒垃圾
7. water the plants 给植物浇水
8. make yourself at home 别客气(像在家一样)
9. move into a new house 搬进新家
10. do household chores 做家务
二)介词短语(位置/关系)
11. on the wall 在墙上
12. under the bed 在床下
13. next to the window 靠窗
14. in the corner of the room 在房间角落
15. between the sofa and the table 在沙发和桌子之间
16. across from the door 门对面
17. at the back of the house 在房子后面
18. by the fireplace 在壁炉旁
19. against the rules 违反规定(家居规则)
20. for rent/sale 出租/出售
三)名词短语(物品/场景)
21. a pile of books 一堆书
22. a set of furniture 一套家具
23. a cup of tea 一杯茶
24. a cozy atmosphere 舒适的氛围
25. a modern kitchen 现代化厨房
26. an open-plan living area 开放式起居区
27. a double-bed room 双人卧室
28. a well-equipped bathroom 设备齐全的浴室
29. a storage space 储物空间
30. a safety precaution 安全预防措施
四)固定搭配(习语/常用表达)
31. make room for... 为……腾出空间
32. feel at home 感觉自在
33. home sweet home 甜蜜的家
34. a place to call home 一个称之为家的地方
35. safe and sound 平安无恙
36. in the middle of nowhere 偏僻处(形容房子位置)
37. hit the sack 上床睡觉(俚语)
38. keep the noise down 保持安静
39. put your feet up 放松休息
40. home is where the heart is 心之所向即是家
五、实用场景短语
41. sign a lease 签租房合同
42. pay the rent 付房租
43. fix a leaky faucet 修理漏水龙头
44. change the bedsheets 换床单
45. run out of space 空间不足
46. let in some fresh air 通风换气
47. keep things organized 保持整洁
48. fall asleep on the couch 在沙发上睡着
49. have a housewarming party 举办乔迁派对
50. say goodbye to the old place 告别旧居
51. do the laundry 洗衣服
52. wash the dishes 洗碗
53. clean the house 打扫房子
54. make the bed 整理床铺
55. take a shower 洗澡
56. cook dinner 做晚饭
57. watch TV 看电视
58. listen to music 听音乐
59. read a book 看书
60. have a nap 小睡
三、重点句子
一)描述房屋结构
1. Our house has three bedrooms and two bathrooms.
(我们家有三间卧室和两间浴室。)
2. The kitchen is fully equipped with modern appliances.
(厨房配有现代化电器。)
3. There’s a cozy fireplace in the living room.
(客厅里有个舒适的壁炉。)
4. My bedroom faces south, so it gets plenty of sunlight.
(我的卧室朝南,所以阳光充足。)
5. We turned the attic into a study room.
(我们把阁楼改成了书房。)
二)日常家务活动
6. Could you help me set the table for dinner
(你能帮我摆餐具准备吃饭吗?)
7. I need to take out the trash before it overflows.
(我得在垃圾满出来前倒掉。)
8. She spends an hour every day watering the plants.
(她每天花一小时给植物浇水。)
9. Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.
(离开时别忘了关灯。)
10. The laundry is piling up—we should do it today.
(脏衣服堆起来了,我们今天得洗了。)
三)家具与物品摆放
11. The bookshelf is placed against the wall.
(书架靠墙放着。)
12. Your shoes are under the coffee table.
(你的鞋在茶几下面。)
13. Hang your coat on the hook by the door.
(把外套挂在门边的钩子上。)
14. The TV is mounted above the fireplace.
(电视挂在壁炉上方。)
15. Keep the remote control on the side table.
(遥控器放在边桌上。)
四)家庭互动与规则
16. Make yourself at home!
(别客气,像在自己家一样!)
17. Please keep the noise down after 10 PM.
(晚上10点后请保持安静。)
18. Dinner is ready—come to the dining room!
(晚饭好了,来餐厅吧!)
19. Whose turn is it to wash the dishes tonight
(今晚轮到谁洗碗了?)
20. We take turns cleaning the house every weekend.
(我们每周末轮流打扫房子。)
五)情感与感受表达
21. I love how cozy this room feels!
(我好喜欢这个房间的温馨感!)
22. Home is where I can finally relax.
(家是我终于能放松的地方。)
23. The smell of fresh coffee makes this house feel like home.
(现煮咖啡的香气让这里有了家的感觉。)
24. I miss my childhood home so much.
(我特别想念我童年的家。)
25. Nothing beats coming back to a warm home.
(没有什么比回到温暖的家更棒的了。)
六)租房与搬家相关
26. We’re moving into a new apartment next month.
(我们下个月要搬进新公寓。)
27. The rent includes water and internet bills.
(房租包含水费和网费。)
28. I need to sign the lease by Friday.
(我需要在周五前签租房合同。)
29. The previous tenants left the walls in bad condition.
(之前的租客把墙面弄得很糟。)
30. Is there a security deposit required
(需要押金吗?)
七)问题与解决
31. The sink is clogged—we should call a plumber.
(水槽堵了,我们得叫水管工。)
32. The air conditioner isn’t working properly.
(空调运行不正常。)
33. There’s a leak in the bathroom ceiling.
(浴室天花板在漏水。)
34. Where do we keep the spare light bulbs
(备用灯泡放在哪儿?)
35. I locked myself out! Can you bring the spare key
(我把自己锁门外了!能拿备用钥匙来吗?)
八)邀请与拜访
36. Would you like to come over for a housewarming party
(你想来参加我们的乔迁派对吗?)
37. Let me give you a tour of our new place!
(我带您参观我们的新家吧!)
38. You’re welcome to stay for dinner.
(欢迎你留下来吃晚饭。)
39. Our guest room is ready for you.
(我们的客房已经为你准备好了。)
40. Thanks for having me—your home is beautiful!
(谢谢招待,你家真漂亮!)
九)实用短句
41. Where’s the nearest grocery store
(最近的超市在哪儿?)
42. How often do you clean the windows
(你多久擦一次窗户?)
43. The Wi-Fi password is on the fridge.
(Wi-Fi密码贴在冰箱上。)
44. Let’s open the windows to let in some fresh air.
(我们开窗通通风吧。)
45. I’ll fix a snack for us.
(我去给大家弄点吃的。)
十)回忆与展望
46. This house holds so many memories for us.
(这栋房子承载了我们太多回忆。)
47. One day, I want a house with a big garden.
(有一天,我想要个带大花园的房子。)
48. We’ve outgrown this apartment—it’s time to move.
(这公寓不够住了,该搬家了。)
49. No matter where I go, this will always be home.
(无论我去哪里,这里永远是我的家。)
四、语法点
本单元语法点主要了解can和could的用法比较。
一)核心区别
| | can | could
| 时态 | 现在时(或表示一般能力) | 过去时/更委婉的现在时 |
| 语气 | 直接、肯定 | 礼貌、假设、不确定性 |
| 可能性| 现实可能性较高 | 理论可能性或更低可能性 |
can 用在疑问句中时,表示征求意见、请求许可,答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中,比can 更委婉、客气,是一种礼貌的说法,并不表示过去时态,答语用can,而不能用could。
二)具体用法解析
1. 表示能力
- can:现在的能力
- She can swim 100 meters.(她现在能游100米。)
- could:过去的能力(was/were able to)
- When I was 5, I could ride a bike.(我5岁时会骑自行车。)
- 否定句中过去能力用 couldn't:
- He couldn't solve the problem yesterday.(昨天他没能解决问题。)
2. 请求许可
- Can I... (口语化,朋友间)
- Can I borrow your pen
- Could I... (更正式/礼貌)
- Could I use your phone, please
- 给予许可时只用 can,不用 could:
- Yes, you can.( )
- Yes, you could.( 错误)
3. 可能性
- can:理论或普遍可能性
- Smoking can cause cancer.(吸烟可能致癌。)
- could:具体情境中的可能性(较弱)
- It could rain later.(稍后可能会下雨。)
- We could go to the beach if it's sunny.(如果天晴,我们可以去海滩。)
4. 建议
- can:直接建议
- You can try restarting your computer.
- could:更委婉的建议
- You could ask your teacher for help.
5. 虚拟语气
- could 用于虚拟条件句(与现在/将来相反)
- If I had time, I could travel the world.(如果我有时间,我就能环游世界。)
- could have + 过去分词 表示过去未实现的可能性:
- You could have told me earlier!(你本可以早点告诉我!)
三)高频考点与易错点
1. 过去能力:
- She could play piano at 6.(6岁时会弹)
2. 委婉请求的应答:
- 问:Could you help me
- 答:Yes, I can.(不用 could)
3. 可能性对比:
- The keys can be in the drawer.(大概率在)
- The keys could be in the drawer.(不太确定)
4. 否定形式:
- can't = 不可能(强烈否定)
- He can't be at home—his car is gone.
- couldn't = 过去不能/委婉否定现在
- I couldn't attend the meeting.(过去)
- I couldn't agree more.(现在:非常同意)
四、经典句型模板
1. 请求许可:
- Could/Can I possibly... (更礼貌)
- Do you think I could...
2. 委婉请求帮助:
- Could you do me a favor
3. 推测可能性:
- It could/might be true.(比 can 更不确定)
4. 后悔或批评:
- You could have been more careful!
五)实战练习
1. 改写句子(用 could 更礼貌):
- Can you pass me the salt → Could you pass me the salt
2. 选择正确答案:
- I _____ swim until I was 10.
a) can't b) couldn't (答案:b)
Unit 3 Same or Different
重点单词
1. alike / la k/ adj. 相似的
2. appearance / p r ns/ n. 外貌
3. attitude / t tu d/ n. 态度
4. behavior /b he vj r/ n. 行为
5. belong /b l / v. 属于
6. boring / b r / adj. 无聊的
7. character / k r kt r/ n. 性格
8. compare /k m per/ v. 比较
9. competition / kɑ mp t n/ n. 竞争
10. confident / kɑ nf d nt/ adj. 自信的
11. conflict / kɑ nfl kt/ n. 冲突
12. contrast / kɑ ntr st/ n. 对比
13. creative /kri e t v/ adj. 有创造力的
14. depend /d pend/ v. 依赖
15. describe /d skra b/ v. 描述
16. difference / d fr ns/ n. 不同
17. different / d fr nt/ adj. 不同的
18. difficult / d f k lt/ adj. 困难的
19. disagree / d s ɡri / v. 不同意
20. easygoing / i ziɡo / adj. 随和的
21. emotion / mo n/ n. 情绪
22. energetic / en r d et k/ adj. 精力充沛的
23. equal / i kw l/ adj. 平等的
24. fair /fer/ adj. 公平的
25. familiar /f m li r/ adj. 熟悉的
26. friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的
27. generous / d en r s/ adj. 慷慨的
28. gentle / d entl/ adj. 温柔的
29. habit / h b t/ n. 习惯
30. honest / ɑ n st/ adj. 诚实的
31. humorous / hju m r s/ adj. 幽默的
32. identical /a dent kl/ adj. 完全相同的
33. impatient / m pe nt/ adj. 不耐烦的
34. independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 独立的
35. intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj. 聪明的
36. jealous / d el s/ adj. 嫉妒的
37. kind /ka nd/ adj. 善良的
38. lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的
39. loyal / l l/ adj. 忠诚的
40. mood /mu d/ n. 心情
41. mysterious /m st ri s/ adj. 神秘的
42. nervous / n rv s/ adj. 紧张的
43. noisy / n zi/ adj. 吵闹的
44. obvious / ɑ bvi s/ adj. 明显的
45. optimistic / ɑ pt m st k/ adj. 乐观的
46. patient / pe nt/ adj. 耐心的
47. personality / p rs n l ti/ n. 个性
48. pessimistic / pes m st k/ adj. 悲观的
49. polite /p la t/ adj. 礼貌的
50. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的
51. relaxed /r l kst/ adj. 放松的
52. responsible /r spɑ ns bl/ adj. 负责任的
53. same /se m/ adj. 相同的
54. selfish / self / adj. 自私的
55. serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的
56. shy / a / adj. 害羞的
57. similar / s m l r/ adj. 相似的
58. sociable / so bl/ adj. 社交的
59. talent / t l nt/ n. 才能
60. tidy / ta di/ adj. 整洁的
61. tolerant / tɑ l r nt/ adj. 宽容的
62. unique /ju ni k/ adj. 独特的
63. wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的
二、主要短语
一)比较与对比
1. be similar to 与...相似
2. be different from 与...不同
3. have something in common 有共同点
4. compare A with B 将A与B比较
5. in contrast to 与...形成对比
6. on the contrary 相反
7. look alike 看起来像
8. stand out from 从...中脱颖而出
二)性格与行为
9. have a good/bad temper 脾气好/差
10. be full of energy 充满活力
11. keep calm 保持冷静
12. lose one's temper 发脾气
13. be hard-working 勤奋的
14. take things seriously 认真对待
15. have a sense of humor 有幽默感
16. be open-minded 思想开明的
17. be narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的
三)人际关系
18. get along with 与...相处融洽
19. have an argument with 与...争论
20. make friends with 与...交朋友
21. trust each other 互相信任
22. respect one's opinion 尊重某人的观点
23. share the same interest 有相同兴趣
24. give someone a hand 帮助某人
四)情绪与态度
25. be in a good/bad mood 心情好/差
26. cheer someone up 让某人高兴起来
27. feel down 情绪低落
28. keep one's promise 信守承诺
29. change one's mind 改变主意
30. look on the bright side 看事情好的一面
五)能力与习惯
31. have a talent for 有...的天赋
32. be good at 擅长...
33. be poor at 不擅长...
34. get used to 习惯于...
35. develop a habit of 养成...习惯
36. break a habit 改掉习惯
六)社会与群体
37. fit in with 适应...
38. belong to 属于...
39. play a role in 在...中扮演角色
40. follow the rules 遵守规则
41. stand up for 支持...
42. look up to someone 尊敬某人
七)其他实用短语
43. as a matter of fact 事实上
44. in general 一般来说
45. to some extent 在某种程度上
46. for instance 例如
47. on the one hand...on the other hand 一方面...另一方面
48. what's more 而且
49. in other words 换句话说
50. all in all 总而言之
51. take...into consideration 考虑...
52. judge by appearance 以貌取人
53. see eye to eye 看法一致
三、重点句子
一)比较异同
1. We look alike but have totally different personalities.
(我们长得很像,但性格完全不同。)
2. Your handwriting is similar to mine.
(你的笔迹和我的很像。)
3. In contrast to his brother, he's very outgoing.
(和他兄弟相反,他非常外向。)
4. These two paintings have something in common.
(这两幅画有些共同点。)
5. On the one hand she's kind, on the other hand she can be strict.
(她一方面很善良,另一方面也可能很严格。)
二)性格描述
6. She's always full of energy.
(她总是充满活力。)
7. My boss has a bad temper.
(我老板脾气很差。)
8. He takes everything too seriously.
(他对什么事都太认真了。)
9. You should learn to keep calm under pressure.
(你应该学会在压力下保持冷静。)
10. Being open-minded is important in teamwork.
(在团队合作中思想开明很重要。)
三)人际关系
11. Do you get along with your roommates
(你和室友相处得好吗?)
12. They had an argument about money.
(他们因为钱吵了一架。)
13. We trust each other completely.
(我们完全信任彼此。)
14. I respect your opinion but I disagree.
(我尊重你的观点,但我不同意。)
15. Let's try to see eye to eye on this.
(让我们在这件事上达成一致吧。)
四)情绪表达
16. Why are you in such a bad mood today
(你今天为什么心情这么差?)
17. This song always cheers me up.
(这首歌总能让我高兴起来。)
18. She felt down after hearing the news.
(听到消息后她情绪低落。)
19. Don't lose your temper over small things.
(不要为小事发脾气。)
20. Look on the bright side - at least we tried.
(往好处想,至少我们尝试过了。)
五)能力习惯
21. He has a talent for playing the piano.
(他有弹钢琴的天赋。)
22. I'm good at math but poor at sports.
(我擅长数学但不擅长体育。)
23. Have you gotten used to the new schedule
(你适应新的时间表了吗?)
24. I've developed a habit of reading before bed.
(我养成了睡前阅读的习惯。)
25. It's hard to break bad habits.
(改掉坏习惯很难。)
六)社会适应
26. It took me months to fit in with the new class.
(我花了几个月才适应新班级。)
27. This book belongs to the school library.
(这本书属于学校图书馆。)
28. Everyone should follow the rules.
(每个人都应该遵守规则。)
29. We need to stand up for what's right.
(我们需要坚持正确的事。)
30. Many students look up to their math teacher.
(许多学生都很尊敬数学老师。)
七)观点表达
31. As a matter of fact, I don't agree with you.
(事实上,我不同意你的看法。)
32. In general, people prefer kind leaders.
(一般来说,人们更喜欢和善的领导。)
33. To some extent, we're all selfish.
(在某种程度上,我们都很自私。)
34. For instance, Jack and I share the same hobby.
(例如,杰克和我的爱好相同。)
35. All in all, it was a great experience.
(总而言之,这是很棒的经历。)
八)建议忠告
36. You should take his advice into consideration.
(你应该考虑他的建议。)
37. Don't judge people by their appearance.
(不要以貌取人。)
38. Try to look at things from different angles.
(试着从不同角度看问题。)
39. What's more important is your attitude.
(更重要的是你的态度。)
40. In other words, we need to be more patient.
(换句话说,我们需要更耐心。)
41. Let me give you a hand with that problem.
(让我帮你解决那个问题吧。)
四、语法点
本单元主要学习的语法点是形容词副词的比较级,因为下一单元(Unit 4)语法点是最高级,所以这里一起讲解。
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest
未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数
以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest
large(大的) larger largest
able(有能力的) abler ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er,-est big(大的) bigger biggest
hot(热的) hotter hottest
"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est   easy(容易的) easier easiest
busy(忙的) busier busiest
少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词 未尾加-er,-est
clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest
narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more\most来构成比较级和最高级。    important(重要的) easily(容易地) more important more easily most important most easily
2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的) / well(健康的) better best
bad (坏的) / ill(有病的) worse worset
old(老的) older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many(多的) more most
little(少的) less least
far (远的) farthe r/ further farthest / furthest
2、形容词原级用法:
1)、 too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级
2)、 原级 + enough 足够......
3)、 as + 原级 + as 与......一样......
4)、 A not as/ so + 原级 + as B A 不如/不及 B......
Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.(Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高)
= Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom.
Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。(Jane比Mary漂亮)
= Mary is less beautiful than Jane.
= Jane is more beautiful than Mary.
3、形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
1)、 比较级 + than
Kate is taller than Jenny.
This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮.
This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要.
2)、 比较级 and 比较级 越来越...... More and more + 多音节词原形 越来越......
fatter and fatter 越来越胖 taller and taller 越来越高
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more important 越来越重要
3)、 the 比较级 + (句子),the 比较级 + (句子) 越......就越......
The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动,我们就越健康.
The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes.
我们越认真,我们犯错误就越少.
4)、 比较级 + than + any other + 名词单数=比较级 + than + the other + 名词复数
Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.
= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.
= Mike is the talest boy in his class.
备注: 用much、 a little、 even等副词修饰比较级
The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一点点。
She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Kate漂亮得多。
5) 形容词最高级的用法: (形容词最高级前常需用定冠词the修饰)
   形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
a.主语 + 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 比较范围(in/ of all):
She is the best student in her class.   她是班上最好的学生。
= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class.
  This is the most beautiful apple of all. 这是所有苹果中最大的苹果。
Li Lei is the youngest of the three. Li Lei是这三个中最年轻的.
b. one of + the 最高级 + 名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
4、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
①两者进行比较
A=B as +形容词或副词的原级+ as
I am as tall as you.
Lucy sings as well as Lily.
A≠B not so/as +形容词或副词的原级+ as
He is not as/so careful as his brother.
He doesn’t run as/so quickly as me.
A>B或A<B 形容词或副词的比较级+ than
You are two years younger than me.
He is a little stronger than his father.
Nancy dances better than her classmates.
②三者或三者以上进行比较 使用形容词或副词的最高级 常接in 或of 表比较范围
Who is the tallest in Class Three
Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.
注意:one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数
China is one of the strongest countries in the world.
the + 序数词+ 最高级+名词的单数
The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.
③注意以下几种情况:
形容词或副词的比较级前可用much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副词或词组表示不同程度,但是注意,very 不行。
I’m a little/ much/far richer than you.
Football is much more exciting than basketball.
比较级+and +比较级表“越来越…”
stronger and stronger
more and more beautiful
C.“the +比较级…, the +比较级”表示“越是…越是…”
The busier she is, the happier she is.
5、 其它知识点
可修饰比较级的词
1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等
2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
重点单词
1. amazing / me z / (adj.) 令人惊奇的
2. plant /pl nt/ (n.) 植物
3. animal / n m l/ (n.) 动物
4. species / spi i z/ (n.) 物种
5. habitat / h b t t/ (n.) 栖息地
6. extinct / k st kt/ (adj.) 灭绝的
7. endangered / n de nd rd/ (adj.) 濒危的
8. survive /s r va v/ (v.) 生存
9. adapt / d pt/ (v.) 适应
10. carnivore / kɑ rn v r/ (n.) 肉食动物
11. herbivore / h rb v r/ (n.) 草食动物
12. omnivore / ɑ mn v r/ (n.) 杂食动物
13. predator / pred t r/ (n.) 捕食者
14. prey /pre / (n.) 猎物
15. photosynthesis / fo to s nθ s s/ (n.) 光合作用
16. root /ru t/ (n.) 根
17. stem /stem/ (n.) 茎
18. leaf /li f/ (n.) 叶子
19. flower / fla r/ (n.) 花
20. fruit /fru t/ (n.) 果实
21. seed /si d/ (n.) 种子
22. bark /bɑ rk/ (n.) 树皮
23. thorn /θ rn/ (n.) 刺
24. poisonous / p z n s/ (adj.) 有毒的
25. venomous / ven m s/ (adj.) 分泌毒液的
26. camouflage / k m flɑ / (n./v.) 伪装
27. migrate / ma ɡre t/ (v.) 迁徙
28. hibernate / ha b rne t/ (v.) 冬眠
29. pollinate / pɑ l ne t/ (v.) 授粉
30. pollinator / pɑ l ne t r/ (n.) 传粉者
31. symbiosis / s mba o s s/ (n.) 共生
32. parasite / p r sa t/ (n.) 寄生虫
33. host /ho st/ (n.) 宿主
34. ecosystem / i ko s st m/ (n.) 生态系统
35. biodiversity / ba o da v rs ti/ (n.) 生物多样性
36. conservation / kɑ ns r ve n/ (n.) 保护
37. deforestation /di f r ste n/ (n.) 森林砍伐
38. climate / kla m t/ (n.) 气候
39. tropical / trɑ p kl/ (adj.) 热带的
40. arctic / ɑ rkt k/ (adj.) 北极的
41. desert / dez rt/ (n.) 沙漠
42. rainforest / re nf r st/ (n.) 雨林
43. grassland / ɡr sl nd/ (n.) 草原
44. ocean / o n/ (n.) 海洋
45. coral / k r l/ (n.) 珊瑚
46. mammal / m ml/ (n.) 哺乳动物
47. reptile / repta l/ (n.) 爬行动物
48. amphibian / m f bi n/ (n.) 两栖动物
49. insect / nsekt/ (n.) 昆虫
50. bird /b rd/ (n.) 鸟
51. fish /f / (n.) 鱼
52. whale /we l/ (n.) 鲸
53. dolphin / dɑ lf n/ (n.) 海豚
54. shark / ɑ rk/ (n.) 鲨鱼
55. elephant / el f nt/ (n.) 大象
56. lion / la n/ (n.) 狮子
57. tiger / ta ɡ r/ (n.) 老虎
58. panda / p nd / (n.) 熊猫
59. giraffe /d r f/ (n.) 长颈鹿
60. zebra / zi br / (n.) 斑马
二、主要短语
1. adapt to 适应
2. survive in 在……中生存
3. be native to 原产于
4. be endangered 濒临灭绝
5. go extinct 灭绝
6. play a role in 在……中起作用
7. depend on 依赖
8. feed on 以……为食
9. prey on 捕食
10. hunt for food 猎食
11. compete for resources 争夺资源
12. live in harmony 和谐共处
13. protect from danger 保护免受危险
14. blend into the environment 融入环境
15. use camouflage 使用伪装
16. migrate to warmer places 迁徙到更温暖的地方
17. hibernate in winter 冬眠
18. pollinate flowers 给花授粉
19. rely on each other 相互依赖
20. form a symbiotic relationship 形成共生关系
21. be home to 是……的家园
22. thrive in 在……中茁壮成长
23. die out 灭绝
24. be at risk 处于危险中
25. take measures to protect 采取措施保护
26. reduce deforestation 减少森林砍伐
27. preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性
28. fight climate change 应对气候变化
29. live in the wild 生活在野外
30. be kept in captivity 被圈养
31. release into the wild 放归野外
32. be hunted for 因……被猎杀
33. be poached for 因……被偷猎
34. be protected by law 受法律保护
35. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区
36. restore ecosystems 恢复生态系统
37. balance the food chain 平衡食物链
38. affect the environment 影响环境
39. cause habitat loss 导致栖息地丧失
40. contribute to conservation 为保护做贡献
41. raise awareness 提高意识
42. study wildlife 研究野生动物
43. track animal movements 追踪动物活动
44. observe behavior 观察行为
45. collect data 收集数据
46. conduct research 进行研究
47. educate the public 教育公众
三、重点句子
1. Plants are the basis of all life on Earth.
植物是地球上所有生命的基础。(强调植物的重要性)
2. Through photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into energy.
通过光合作用,植物将阳光转化为能量。(光合作用原理)
3. The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species.
亚马逊雨林是数百万物种的家园。(habitat表达)
4. Some plants have developed unique ways to attract pollinators.
有些植物进化出独特方式吸引传粉者。(adaptation案例)
5. The Venus flytrap can close its leaves in just 0.1 seconds.
捕蝇草的叶子能在0.1秒内闭合。(特殊植物案例)
6. Animals adapt to their environments through natural selection.
动物通过自然选择适应环境。(达尔文理论)
7. Polar bears' white fur provides perfect camouflage in snow.
北极熊的白毛在雪地中是完美伪装。(adaptation案例)
8. Elephants use infrasound to communicate over long distances.
大象使用次声波进行远距离交流。(动物行为)
9. Monarch butterflies migrate up to 3,000 miles annually.
帝王蝶每年迁徙距离可达3000英里。(migration案例)
10. Coral reefs support 25% of marine life despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor.
珊瑚礁养育着25%的海洋生物,尽管只覆盖不到1%的海底。(生态重要性)
11. The symbiotic relationship between clownfish and sea anemones benefits both species.
小丑鱼和海葵的共生关系使双方受益。(symbiosis案例)
12. Deforestation destroys approximately 10 million hectares of forest each year.
每年约1000万公顷森林因砍伐消失。(环境问题数据)
13. Over 1 million species face extinction due to human activities.
超过100万物种因人类活动面临灭绝。(IUCN数据)
14. The illegal wildlife trade is worth an estimated $23 billion annually.
非法野生动物贸易年估值230亿美元。(社会问题)
15. Protected areas now cover about 15% of the Earth's land surface.
保护区目前覆盖约15%的陆地表面。(保护进展)
16. Bees pollinate 75% of the world's food crops.
蜜蜂为全球75%的粮食作物授粉。(生态服务价值)
17. A single mature tree can absorb 48 pounds of CO2 per year.
一棵成年树每年可吸收48磅二氧化碳。(环保价值)
18. Plastic pollution kills over 1 million marine animals annually.
塑料污染每年导致超100万海洋动物死亡。(污染危害)
19. The Great Barrier Reef has lost half its coral since 1995.
大堡礁自1995年来已损失一半珊瑚。(生态危机)
20. Zoos contribute significantly to species conservation through breeding programs.
动物园通过繁殖计划为物种保护做出重要贡献。(保护措施)
21. Ecological balance depends on the interactions between producers, consumers, and decomposers.
生态平衡依赖于生产者、消费者和分解者间的相互作用。(生态原理)
22. Tropical rainforests produce 20% of Earth's oxygen.
热带雨林产生地球20%的氧气。(生态功能)
23. The cheetah can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 3 seconds.
猎豹能在3秒内从0加速到60英里/小时。(动物特征)
24. Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world.
穿山甲是全球走私最严重的哺乳动物。(保护现状)
25. Climate change is causing shifts in animal migration patterns.
气候变化正导致动物迁徙模式改变。(气候影响)
26. The blue whale's heart weighs as much as a small car.
蓝鲸的心脏重量相当于一辆小汽车。(动物趣闻)
27. Bamboo can grow up to 91 cm in just one day.
竹子一天能生长达91厘米。(植物特性)
28. Over 80% of the ocean remains unexplored.
超过80%的海洋尚未被探索。(科学事实)
29. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the global average.
北极变暖速度是全球平均水平的两倍。(气候危机)
30. A teaspoon of soil contains more microorganisms than there are people on Earth.
一茶匙土壤中的微生物数量超过地球人口。(生态细节)
31. Whale falls create ecosystems that can last for decades.
鲸落形成的生态系统可持续数十年。(海洋生态)
32. The oldest living tree is over 5,000 years old.
现存最古老的树龄超过5000年。(植物记录)
33. Insect populations have declined by 75% in some areas.
部分地区昆虫数量已下降75%。(生态警示)
34. Ecological footprints measure human demand on nature.
生态足迹衡量人类对自然的需求。(环保概念)
35. Rewilding projects are helping restore damaged ecosystems.
野化项目正帮助修复受损生态系统。(保护方案)
36. The sixth mass extinction is currently underway.
第六次物种大灭绝正在进行中。(科学警告)
37. Sustainable development balances human needs with environmental protection.
可持续发展平衡人类需求与环境保护。(核心概念)
38. Citizen science projects engage the public in conservation efforts.
公民科学项目让公众参与保护工作。(参与方式)
39. Every species plays a unique role in the web of life.
每个物种都在生命之网中扮演独特角色。(单元主题升华)
四、语法点
本单元语法点是形容词和副词的最高级,在上单元已经讲解。这里做个简单总结。
一)基本概念
1. 比较级(Comparative):用于两者之间的比较("更...")
- This plant grows faster than that one.
- She speaks more clearly than her brother.
2. 最高级(Superlative):用于三者或以上中的最突出者("最...")
- This is the oldest tree in the forest.
- Among all students, he works the hardest.
二)形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则
1. 规则变化:
- 单音节词:
- 一般加-er/-est:tall → taller → tallest
- 以e结尾加-r/-st:large → larger → largest
- 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母:big → bigger → biggest
- 辅音+y结尾变y为i:happy → happier → happiest
- 双音节词:
- 以y结尾:early → earlier → earliest
- 以ow/er/le结尾:narrow → narrower → narrowest
- 其他双音节词通常用more/most:careful → more careful → most careful
- 三音节及以上词:
- 一律用more/most:beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
2. 不规则变化:
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| good/well | better | best |
| bad/badly | worse | worst |
| many/much | more | most |
| little | less | least |
| far | farther/further | farthest/furthest |
三)副词比较级和最高级的变化规则
1. 规则变化:
- 单音节副词加-er/-est:fast → faster → fastest
- 以-ly结尾的副词用more/most:quickly → more quickly → most quickly
- 不规则变化:well → better → best;badly → worse → worst
2. 特殊形式:
- early → earlier → earliest
- often → more often → most often (也可用oftener/oftenest)
四)比较结构的用法
1. 基本比较结构:
- A + be + 比较级 + than + B
This flower is more beautiful than that one.
- A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + B
He runs faster than I do.
2. 同级比较:
- as + 原级 + as
She is as tall as her sister.
- not as/so + 原级 + as
This book is not as interesting as that one.
3. 最高级用法:
- the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of/among)
This is the most expensive car in the showroom.
- one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world.
五)特殊比较结构
1. 越来越...:
- 比较级 + and + 比较级
The days are getting longer and longer.
2. 越...就越...:
- The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...
The more you practice, the better you'll become.
3. 倍数比较:
- 倍数 + as + 原级 + as
This room is twice as large as that one.
- 倍数 + 比较级 + than
This river is three times longer than that one.
六)修饰比较级的词语
1. 表示程度大:
- much/a lot/far/even/still
This method is far more effective.
2. 表示程度小:
- a little/a bit/slightly
Today is a bit colder than yesterday.
七)易错点提醒
1. 避免双重比较:
- 错误:more better → 正确:better
- 错误:most fastest → 正确:fastest
2. 比较对象要对等:
- 错误:His English is better than me.
- 正确:His English is better than mine.
3. 最高级前通常要加the:
- 错误:She is most beautiful girl in class.
- 正确:She is the most beautiful girl in class.
(副词最高级前the可省略:He works (the) hardest.)
4. 比较范围:
- 错误:This is the best of the two.
- 正确:This is the better of the two.
八)实战应用(动植物主题)
1. The cheetah runs faster than any other land animal.
2. This flower smells more fragrant than that one.
3. The Amazon rainforest is the most biodiverse place on Earth.
4. Polar bears are becoming less common due to climate change.
5. The more we protect nature, the healthier our planet will be.
Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!
重点单词
1. delicious /d l s/ (adj.) 美味的
2. meal /mi l/ (n.) 一餐
3. appetizer / p ta z r/ (n.) 开胃菜
4. main course /me n k rs/ (n.) 主菜
5. dessert /d z rt/ (n.) 甜点
6. ingredient / n ɡri di nt/ (n.) 原料
7. flavor / fle v r/ (n.) 味道
8. spicy / spa si/ (adj.) 辣的
9. sweet /swi t/ (adj.) 甜的
10. sour / sa r/ (adj.) 酸的
11. salty / s lti/ (adj.) 咸的
12. bitter / b t r/ (adj.) 苦的
13. tasty / te sti/ (adj.) 可口的
14. bland /bl nd/ (adj.) 清淡的
15. savory / se v ri/ (adj.) 咸香的
16. crispy / kr spi/ (adj.) 酥脆的
17. tender / tend r/ (adj.) 嫩的
18. juicy / d u si/ (adj.) 多汁的
19. greasy / ɡri si/ (adj.) 油腻的
20. steam /sti m/ (v.) 蒸
21. fry /fra / (v.) 煎炸
22. boil /b l/ (v.) 煮
23. bake /be k/ (v.) 烤
24. grill /ɡr l/ (v.) 烧烤
25. chop /t p/ (v.) 切碎
26. slice /sla s/ (v.) 切片
27. peel /pi l/ (v.) 削皮
28. stir /st r/ (v.) 搅拌
29. whisk /w sk/ (v.) 打蛋
30. seasoning / si z n / (n.) 调味料
31. salt /s lt/ (n.) 盐
32. pepper / pep r/ (n.) 胡椒
33. sugar / ɡ r/ (n.) 糖
34. vinegar / v n ɡ r/ (n.) 醋
35. soy sauce / s s s/ (n.) 酱油
36. oil / l/ (n.) 油
37. garlic / ɡɑ rl k/ (n.) 大蒜
38. ginger / d nd r/ (n.) 姜
39. onion / nj n/ (n.) 洋葱
40. recipe / res pi/ (n.) 食谱
41. cuisine /kw zi n/ (n.) 烹饪风格
42. nutrition /nu tr n/ (n.) 营养
43. calorie / k l ri/ (n.) 卡路里
44. vegetarian / ved te ri n/ (adj./n.) 素食的/素食者
45. allergy / l rd i/ (n.) 过敏
46. tableware / te blwer/ (n.) 餐具
47. napkin / n pk n/ (n.) 餐巾
48. utensil /ju tensl/ (n.) 厨具
49. menu / menju / (n.) 菜单
50. bill /b l/ (n.) 账单
51. appetizing / p ta z / (adj.) 开胃的,诱人的
52. aroma / ro m / (n.) 香气
53. bite /ba t/ (n./v.) 一口/咬
54. chewy / t u i/ (adj.) 有嚼劲的
55. crumb /kr m/ (n.) 面包屑
56. dough /do / (n.) 生面团
57. garnish / ɡɑ rn / (v./n.) 装饰/配菜
58. herb /h rb/ (n.) 香草
59. knead /ni d/ (v.) 揉面
60. marinate / m r ne t/ (v.) 腌制
61. melt /melt/ (v.) 融化
62. nutritious /nu tr s/ (adj.) 有营养的
63. palate / p l t/ (n.) 味觉
64. quench /kwent / (v.) 解渴
65. roast /ro st/ (v./n.) 烤/烤肉
66. simmer / s m r/ (v.) 炖
67. toast /to st/ (n./v.) 吐司/烤面包
68. wholesome / ho ls m/ (adj.) 有益健康的
69. zest /zest/ (n.) 果皮屑
70. gourmet / ɡ rme / (adj./n.) 美食的/美食家
二、主要短语
1. have a meal 用餐
2. set the table 摆餐具
3. clear the table 收拾餐桌
4. pass the salt 递盐
5. order food 点餐
6. take an order 记下点单
7. prepare ingredients 准备食材
8. follow a recipe 按照食谱
9. cook from scratch 从头开始烹饪
10. add seasoning 加调味料
11. mix well 搅拌均匀
12. bring to a boil 煮沸
13. turn down the heat 调小火
14. fry until golden brown 煎至金黄
15. steam vegetables 蒸蔬菜
16. bake a cake 烤蛋糕
17. grill meat 烤肉
18. roast chicken 烤鸡
19. peel potatoes 削土豆皮
20. chop onions 切洋葱
21. slice bread 切片面包
22. grate cheese 磨碎奶酪
23. whisk eggs 打蛋
24. knead dough 揉面团
25. marinate meat 腌制肉
26. taste delicious 尝起来美味
27. smell good 闻起来香
28. look appetizing 看起来开胃
29. feel hungry 感到饿
30. have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食
31. watch one's diet 注意饮食
32. count calories 计算卡路里
33. go on a diet 节食
34. eat out 外出就餐
35. dine in 在餐厅用餐
36. take out 外带
37. fast food 快餐
38. home cooking 家常菜
39. local cuisine 地方菜
40. international dishes 国际菜肴
41. vegetarian food 素食
42. spicy food 辛辣食物
43. healthy eating 健康饮食
44. balanced diet 均衡饮食
45. food allergy 食物过敏
46. table manners 餐桌礼仪
47. pay the bill 付账
三、重点句子
1. 点餐与用餐
1. Could I see the menu, please
(请给我看一下菜单好吗?)
2. I'd like to order...
(我想点...)
3. What do you recommend
(有什么推荐的吗?)
4. I'll have the same as him/her.
(我要和他/她一样的。)
5. Is this dish spicy/sweet/sour
(这道菜辣/甜/酸吗?)
6. Could I get some extra napkins
(能多给我几张餐巾纸吗?)
7. We're ready to order now.
(我们现在可以点餐了。)
8. Check, please.
(买单。)
2. 烹饪与准备
9. First, peel and chop the vegetables.
(首先,把蔬菜去皮切碎。)
10. Heat the oil in a pan over medium heat.
(用中火加热锅中的油。)
11. Add the garlic and stir-fry until fragrant.
(加入大蒜炒香。)
12. Boil the water before adding the pasta.
(煮开水后再放入意大利面。)
13. Bake at 180°C for 30 minutes.
(用180度烤30分钟。)
14. Let the soup simmer for 20 minutes.
(让汤炖20分钟。)
15. Marinate the meat overnight for better flavor.
(把肉腌制一晚会更入味。)
3. 评价食物
16. This tastes amazing!
(这个太好吃了!)
17. The steak is perfectly cooked.
(牛排火候正好。)
18. It's too salty/greasy for me.
(对我来说太咸/油腻了。)
19. The flavors are well-balanced.
(味道很均衡。)
20. This dish is a bit bland.
(这道菜有点淡。)
21. The dessert is too sweet for my taste.
(这个甜点对我来说太甜了。)
22. The texture is crispy on the outside and tender inside.
(外酥里嫩的口感。)
23. This soup warms me up instantly!
(这汤喝下去浑身都暖和了!)
24. The aroma makes my mouth water.
(香味让我直流口水。)
25. It's just like how my mom makes it!
(就像我妈妈做的一样!)
4. 饮食偏好与需求
26. I'm vegetarian/vegan.
(我是素食主义者/纯素食者。)
27. Do you have any gluten-free options
(你们有无麸质的选择吗?)
28. I'm allergic to peanuts/seafood.
(我对花生/海鲜过敏。)
29. Could you make it less spicy
(可以做得不那么辣吗?)
30. I prefer mild flavors.
(我更喜欢清淡的口味。)
31. No MSG, please.
(请不要加味精。)
32. I'm trying to cut down on sugar.
(我正在尝试减少糖分摄入。)
5. 餐厅互动
33. Is this dish suitable for sharing
(这道菜适合分享吗?)
34. Could we get separate checks
(我们可以分开付款吗?)
35. Excuse me, my order hasn't arrived yet.
(打扰一下,我点的菜还没上。)
36. This isn't what I ordered.
(这不是我点的菜。)
37. The food is taking longer than expected.
(上菜比预期的时间要久。)
38. Everything was delicious - compliments to the chef!
(每道菜都很美味 - 向厨师致敬!)
6. 健康与营养
39. This meal is packed with nutrients.
(这顿饭营养丰富。)
40. I'm watching my calorie intake.
(我在控制卡路里摄入。)
41. Steamed dishes are healthier than fried ones.
(蒸菜比油炸食品更健康。)
42. Fresh ingredients make all the difference.
(新鲜的食材真的不一样。)
7. 文化相关
43. This is a traditional dish from my hometown.
(这是我家乡的传统菜肴。)
44. Eating together strengthens family bonds.
(一起吃饭能增进家人感情。)
45. Food is an important part of our culture.
(食物是我们文化的重要组成部分。)
46. Would you like to try this local specialty
(你想尝尝这个当地特色菜吗?)
四、语法点
本单元语法涉及what和how引导的感叹句。
一)感叹句的定义
感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)是用来表达强烈感情的句子,如惊讶、喜悦、愤怒、赞美等。句末必须用感叹号(!)。
例句:
What a beautiful day! (多美好的一天啊!)
How clever you are! (你真聪明!)
二)感叹句的基本结构
英语感叹句主要有两种结构:What型和How型。
1. What型感叹句
结构:What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
- 修饰名词,强调事物的性质或特征。
例句:
-可数名词单数 What a wonderful idea (this is)!
-可数名词复数 What beautiful flowers (these are)!
-不可数名词 What terrible weather (we're having)!
- What a lovely cat (it is)! (多可爱的猫啊!)
- What delicious food (this is)! (多美味的食物啊!)
注意:
- 可数名词单数前必须加a/an(What a nice book!)。
- 不可数名词或复数名词不加a/an(What good weather! / What beautiful flowers!)。
2. How型感叹句
结构:How + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!
- 修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。
例句:
- How fast (he runs)! (他跑得多快啊!)
- How interesting (the movie is)! (这部电影多有趣啊!)
注意:
- How不能直接修饰名词,必须搭配形容词或副词。
- 如果修饰动词,结构为 How + 主语 + 谓语(How time flies! 时间飞逝!)。
三)感叹句的特殊形式
1. 省略主语和谓语(口语常用)
- What a great idea! (多棒的主意!)
- How amazing! (太神奇了!)
2. 用"Such"或"So"加强语气
- It's such a wonderful day! (真是美好的一天!)
- The food was so delicious! (食物太美味了!)
3. 否定疑问式感叹(表示强烈肯定)
- Isn't she beautiful! (她真漂亮!)
- Hasn't he grown tall! (他长得多高啊!)
4. 单词或短语构成的感叹句
- Fantastic! (太棒了!)
- Oh my God! (天啊!)
四)常见错误与纠正
错误 正确 原因
How a beautiful girl! What a beautiful girl! How不能直接修饰名词
What a nice weather it is! What nice weather! 不可数名词不加a/an
How a big house! What a big house! What修饰名词,How修饰形容词/副词
How cold is it! How cold it is! 感叹句用陈述语序,不是疑问语序
五)感叹句的应答方式
- What a great movie! → Yes, it’s fantastic!
- How delicious! → I agree!
六)总结
| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
| What | What + (a/an) + adj + noun | What a beautiful flower! |
| How | How + adj/adv | How beautiful the flower is! |
| How | How + 主语 + 谓语 | How I love this song! |
| 省略 | What/How + 核心词 | What a mess! / How nice! |
七)实战应用(食物主题)
1. What型
- What a tasty cake! (多美味的蛋糕啊!)
- What an amazing chef! (多厉害的厨师啊!)
2. How型
- How sweet this dessert is! (这个甜点多甜啊!)
- How quickly you ate! (你吃得好快啊!)
3. 其他形式
- Isn't this soup delicious! (这汤难道不好喝吗!)
- Such a perfect meal! (多么完美的一餐!)
Unit 6 Plan for Yourself
重点单词
1. plan /pl n/ (n./v.) 计划
2. goal /ɡo l/ (n.) 目标
3. target / tɑ rɡ t/ (n.) 靶子;目标
4. schedule / sked u l/ (n.) 时间表
5. timetable / ta mte bl/ (n.) 时刻表
6. arrangement / re nd m nt/ (n.) 安排
7. priority /pra r ti/ (n.) 优先事项
8. task /t sk/ (n.) 任务
9. assignment / sa nm nt/ (n.) 作业;分配的任务
10. project / prɑ d ekt/ (n.) 项目
11. deadline / dedla n/ (n.) 截止日期
12. reminder /r ma nd r/ (n.) 提醒
13. checklist / t ekl st/ (n.) 清单
14. habit / h b t/ (n.) 习惯
15. routine /ru ti n/ (n.) 常规
16. discipline / d s pl n/ (n.) 纪律
17. motivation / mo t ve n/ (n.) 动机
18. ambition / m b n/ (n.) 雄心
19. dream /dri m/ (n.) 梦想
20. career /k r r/ (n.) 职业
21. profession /pr fe n/ (n.) 职业
22. skill /sk l/ (n.) 技能
23. ability / b l ti/ (n.) 能力
24. strength /stre θ/ (n.) 长处
25. weakness / wi kn s/ (n.) 弱点
26. improvement / m pru vm nt/ (n.) 改进
27. progress / prɑ ɡres/ (n.) 进步
28. achievement / t i vm nt/ (n.) 成就
29. success /s k ses/ (n.) 成功
30. failure / fe lj r/ (n.) 失败
31. challenge / t l nd / (n.) 挑战
32. opportunity / ɑ p r tu n ti/ (n.) 机会
33. decision /d s n/ (n.) 决定
34. choice /t s/ (n.) 选择
35. option / ɑ p n/ (n.) 选项
36. strategy / str t d i/ (n.) 策略
37. method / meθ d/ (n.) 方法
38. approach / pro t / (n.) 方法;途径
39. solution /s lu n/ (n.) 解决方案
40. resource / ri s rs/ (n.) 资源
41. budget / b d t/ (n.) 预算
42. expense / k spens/ (n.) 开支
43. saving / se v / (n.) 储蓄
44. investment / n vestm nt/ (n.) 投资
45. risk /r sk/ (n.) 风险
46. benefit / ben f t/ (n.) 利益
47. advantage / d v nt d / (n.) 优势
48. disadvantage / d s d v nt d / (n.) 劣势
49. balance / b l ns/ (n.) 平衡
50. time management / ta m m n d m nt/ (n.) 时间管理
51. organize / rɡ na z/ (v.) 组织
52. prepare /pr per/ (v.) 准备
53. achieve / t i v/ (v.) 实现
54. succeed /s k si d/ (v.) 成功
55. fail /fe l/ (v.) 失败
56. manage / m n d / (v.) 管理
57. develop /d vel p/ (v.) 发展
58. evaluate / v ljue t/ (v.) 评估
二、主要短语
1. set a goal 设定目标
2. make a plan 制定计划
3. achieve success 取得成功
4. reach a target 达成目标
5. meet a deadline 按时完成
6. create a schedule 创建时间表
7. follow a routine 遵循常规
8. develop a habit 养成习惯
9. improve skills 提升技能
10. manage time 管理时间
11. prioritize tasks 任务排序
12. make progress 取得进步
13. face challenges 面对挑战
14. seize opportunities 抓住机会
15. make a decision 做决定
16. weigh options 权衡选择
17. consider pros and cons 考虑利弊
18. take action 采取行动
19. put into practice 付诸实践
20. track progress 跟踪进度
21. stay motivated 保持动力
22. overcome obstacles 克服障碍
23. learn from failure 从失败中学习
24. celebrate achievements 庆祝成就
25. adjust plans 调整计划
26. set priorities 设定优先级
27. balance work and life 平衡工作与生活
28. save money 存钱
29. stick to a budget 坚持预算
30. cut expenses 削减开支
31. invest wisely 明智投资
32. take risks 承担风险
33. gain experience 获得经验
34. build a career 建立职业生涯
35. pursue dreams 追求梦想
36. develop professionally 专业发展
37. enhance abilities 提升能力
38. seek advice 寻求建议
39. ask for feedback 征求反馈
40. work efficiently 高效工作
41. stay organized 保持条理
42. evaluate performance 评估表现
43. reflect on progress 反思进展
三、重点句型句子
一)目标设定
1. My short-term goal is to...
(我的短期目标是...)
My short-term goal is to improve my English speaking skills.
2. I aim to achieve... by...
(我计划在...之前完成...)
I aim to achieve fluency in Spanish by next year.
3. Setting realistic goals is essential for...
(设定现实的目标对...至关重要)
Setting realistic goals is essential for personal growth.
4. Breaking down big goals into smaller tasks helps...
(把大目标分解成小任务有助于...)
Breaking down big goals into smaller tasks helps me stay motivated.
二)时间管理
5. I schedule my day using...
(我用...来安排日程)
I schedule my day using a digital planner.
6. Prioritizing tasks ensures that...
(任务排序能确保...)
Prioritizing tasks ensures that I finish the most important ones first.
7. Avoiding procrastination is key to...
(避免拖延是...的关键)
Avoiding procrastination is key to meeting deadlines.
8. I allocate 30 minutes daily to...
(我每天留出30分钟用于...)
I allocate 30 minutes daily to reading professional articles.
三)习惯养成
9. Developing a habit takes approximately...
(养成一个习惯大约需要...)
Developing a habit takes approximately 21 days.
10. I track my progress by...
(我通过...来追踪进度)
I track my progress by keeping a journal.
11. Consistency is more important than...
(坚持比...更重要)
Consistency is more important than intensity when building habits.
12. Rewarding myself after completing tasks motivates me to...
(完成任务后奖励自己可以激励我...)
Rewarding myself after completing tasks motivates me to keep going.
四)职业规划
13. I'm working towards becoming a...
(我正在努力成为...)
I'm working towards becoming a certified project manager.
working with professionals in my field helps...
(与同领域的专业人士建立联系有助于...)
Networking with professionals in my field helps me learn industry trends.
15. I update my resume every...
(我每...更新一次简历)
I update my resume every six months.
16. Attending workshops enhances my...
(参加研讨会能提升我的...)
Attending workshops enhances my technical skills.
五)财务管理
17. I save 20% of my income for...
(我把收入的20%存起来用于...)
I save 20% of my income for future investments.
18. Creating a monthly budget prevents...
(制定月度预算能避免...)
Creating a monthly budget prevents unnecessary spending.
19. Investing in... yields long-term benefits.
(投资...能带来长期收益)
Investing in education yields long-term benefits.
20. I compare prices before purchasing to...
(我在购买前比价是为了...)
I compare prices before purchasing to save money.
六)自我提升
21. Reading books on... expands my knowledge of...
(阅读...方面的书籍能拓展我对...的认知)
Reading books on psychology expands my knowledge of human behavior.
22. I dedicate weekends to...
(我把周末时间用于...)
I dedicate weekends to learning graphic design.
23. Feedback from mentors helps me identify...
(导师的反馈帮我发现...)
Feedback from mentors helps me identify areas for improvement.
24. Practicing... daily improves my...
(每天练习...能提升我的...)
Practicing presentation skills daily improves my confidence.
七)问题解决
25. When facing obstacles, I...
(遇到困难时,我会...)
When facing obstacles, I brainstorm multiple solutions.
26. Analyzing past mistakes teaches me...
(分析过去的错误让我学会...)
Analyzing past mistakes teaches me how to avoid similar issues.
27. I seek advice from... when...
(当...时,我会向...寻求建议)
I seek advice from senior colleagues when tackling complex projects.
28. Breaking problems into steps makes them...
(把问题分解成步骤能让它们...)
Breaking problems into steps makes them easier to solve.
八)反思与调整
29. Reviewing my progress weekly helps...
(每周回顾进展有助于...)
Reviewing my progress weekly helps me adjust my strategies.
30. If a plan isn't working, I...
(如果计划行不通,我会...)
If a plan isn't working, I modify it instead of giving up.
31. Journaling allows me to...
(写日记让我能够...)
Journaling allows me to reflect on my daily experiences.
32. I measure success by...
(我用...来衡量成功)
I measure success by personal growth, not just outcomes.
九)激励与坚持
33. Visualizing my goals keeps me...
(想象我的目标能让我保持...)
Visualizing my goals keeps me focused.
34. I motivate myself by...
(我通过...来激励自己)
I motivate myself by listing the benefits of completing tasks.
35. Surrounding myself with motivated people encourages...
(和积极的人在一起能激励...)
Surrounding myself with motivated people encourages me to work harder.
36. Celebrating small wins boosts...
(庆祝小胜利能提升...)
Celebrating small wins boosts my morale.
十)将来打算
37. In five years, I hope to...
(五年后,我希望...)
In five years, I hope to start my own business.
38. Continuous learning ensures...
(持续学习能确保...)
Continuous learning ensures career adaptability.
39. I adapt my plans based on...
(我会根据...调整计划)
I adapt my plans based on changing circumstances.
40. Success means... to me.
(对我来说,成功意味着...)
Success means achieving balance between work and personal life to me.
四、语法点
本单元及下一单元(Unit 7)语法主要是一般将来时,在此一起总结下。
一)定义
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用(如 tomorrow, next week, in 2030 等)。
二)基本结构
一般将来时有两种主要表达方式:
will + 动词原形(适用于所有主语)
shall +动词原形(仅限第一人称I,we)
be going to + 动词原形
肯定式 否定式 疑问式
I (We) shall / will go there I (We ) shall / will not go there Shall I (we) go there
You (He, She, They) will go there You (He, She, They) will not go there Will you (he, she, they) go there
结构 例句(肯定句) 例句(否定句) 例句(疑问句)
Will She will call you later. She will not (won't) call. Will she call you later
shall I (We) shall / will go there I (We ) shall / will not go there Shall I (we) go there
be going to I am going to travel. I'm not going to travel. Are you going to travel
三)will 和 be going to 的区别
用法 will be going to
临时决定 I'll answer the phone.
事先计划 We're going to Paris next month.
客观预测(无证据) Robots will replace some jobs.
主观预测(有迹象) Look at the clouds! It's going to rain.
承诺/意愿 I'll help you with the bags.
四)常见时间状语
soon(很快)
tomorrow(明天)
next week/month/year(下周/下月/明年)
in 2030(在2030年)
in the future(将来)
later(稍后)
例句:
The meeting will start in 10 minutes.
They are going to move to Canada next year.
五)其他将来时表达方式
现在进行时表将来(已确定的安排)
We are flying to Tokyo on Friday.(机票已订)
一般现在时表将来(按时刻表/计划必然发生)
The train leaves at 7:00 AM tomorrow.
六)总结
用法 结构 例句
临时决定/承诺 will + 动词原形 I'll pay for dinner.
事先计划 be going to + 动词 She's going to buy a car.
客观预测 will AI will change the world.
有迹象的预测 be going to He's going to fall!
七)实战练习
我明天要去理发。
→ I am going to get a haircut tomorrow.(计划)
门铃响了,我去开门!
→ The doorbell rings! I will answer it!(临时决定)
看那些乌云!要下雨了。
→ Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain.(有迹象的预测)
Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes
一、重点单词
1. 时间与未来
1. future / fju t r/ (n.) 未来
2. tomorrow /t mɑ ro / (n./adv.) 明天
3. soon /su n/ (adv.) 不久
4. later / le t r/ (adv.) 稍后
5. eventually / vent u li/ (adv.) 最终
6. someday / s mde / (adv.) 某天
7. decade / deke d/ (n.) 十年
8. century / sent ri/ (n.) 世纪
9. generation / d en re n/ (n.) 一代人
10. timeline / ta mla n/ (n.) 时间线
2. 预测与可能性
11. predict /pr d kt/ (v.) 预测
12. forecast / f rk st/ (n./v.) 预报
13. possibility / pɑ s b l ti/ (n.) 可能性
14. probability / prɑ b b l ti/ (n.) 概率
15. certain / s rtn/ (adj.) 确定的
16. uncertain / n s rtn/ (adj.) 不确定的
17. likely / la kli/ (adj.) 可能的
18. unlikely / n la kli/ (adj.) 不太可能的
3. 科技与创新
19. technology /tek nɑ l d i/ (n.) 技术
20. innovation / n ve n/ (n.) 创新
21. robot / ro bɑ t/ (n.) 机器人
22. AI (Artificial Intelligence) 人工智能
23. virtual / v rt u l/ (adj.) 虚拟的
24. automation / t me n/ (n.) 自动化
25. invent / n vent/ (v.) 发明
26. discover /d sk v r/ (v.) 发现
4. 环境与可持续发展
27. environment / n va r nm nt/ (n.) 环境
28. sustainable /s ste n bl/ (adj.) 可持续的
29. renewable /r nu bl/ (adj.) 可再生的
30. climate / kla m t/ (n.) 气候
31. pollution /p lu n/ (n.) 污染
32. recycle / ri sa kl/ (v.) 回收利用
33. conserve /k n s rv/ (v.) 保护
34. extinct / k st kt/ (adj.) 灭绝的
5. 社会变化
35. population / pɑ pju le n/ (n.) 人口
36. urban / rb n/ (adj.) 城市的
37. globalization / ɡlo b l ze n/ (n.) 全球化
38. diversity /da v rs ti/ (n.) 多样性
39. equality /i kwɑ l ti/ (n.) 平等
40. poverty / pɑ v rti/ (n.) 贫困
6. 个人与职业
41. career /k r r/ (n.) 职业
42. ambition / m b n/ (n.) 雄心
43. retire /r ta r/ (v.) 退休
44. salary / s l ri/ (n.) 薪水
45. promotion /pr mo n/ (n.) 晋升
46. freelance / fri l ns/ (adj.) 自由职业的
7. 健康与生活方式
47. longevity /lɑ n d ev ti/ (n.) 长寿
48. wellness / weln s/ (n.) 健康
49. vaccine / v ksi n/ (n.) 疫苗
50. genetic /d net k/ (adj.) 基因的
51. organic / r ɡ n k/ (adj.) 有机的
52. meditation / med te n/ (n.) 冥想
8. 教育与技能
53. degree /d ɡri / (n.) 学位
54. online / ɑ nla n/ (adj.) 在线的
55. bilingual / ba l ɡw l/ (adj.) 双语的
56. critical thinking 批判性思维
9. 其他关键词
57. colonize / kɑ l na z/ (v.) 殖民(火星等)
58. cybersecurity / sa b rs kj r ti/ (n.) 网络安全
59. nanotechnology / n no tek nɑ l d i/ (n.) 纳米技术
60. utopia /ju to pi / (n.) 乌托邦
61. dystopia /d s to pi / (n.) 反乌托邦
62. adapt / d pt/ (v.) 适应
63. thrive /θra v/ (v.) 蓬勃发展
二、主要短语
一)未来预测与可能性
1. predict the future 预测未来
2. make forecasts 做出预测
3. in the near future 在不久的将来
4. in the long run 长期来看
5. there's a chance that... 有可能...
6. it's likely/unlikely that... 很可能/不太可能...
7. come true (梦想)实现
8. shape the future 塑造未来
二)科技与创新
9. develop new technologies 研发新技术
10. replace human labor 取代人力
11. go viral (信息)病毒式传播
12. breakthrough in science 科学突破
13. digital transformation 数字化转型
14. automate processes 流程自动化
15. virtual reality 虚拟现实
16. ethical concerns 伦理问题
三)环境与可持续发展
bat climate change 应对气候变化
18. reduce carbon footprint 减少碳足迹
19. switch to renewables 转向可再生能源
20. go green 环保行动
21. endangered species 濒危物种
22. eco-friendly solutions 环保解决方案
23. run out of resources 资源枯竭

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