资源简介 2024新人教版英语八年级上册 【第1--8单元】全册知识点总结(单词+短语+句子+语法)Unit 1 Happy Holiday一、重点单词1. activity / k t v ti/ n. 活动2. adventure / d vent (r)/ n. 冒险3. airport / e p t/ n. 机场4. amazing / me z / adj. 令人惊奇的5. arrive / ra v/ v. 到达6. backpack / b kp k/ n. 背包7. beach /bi t / n. 海滩8. boring / b r / adj. 无聊的9. camp /k mp/ v. & n. 露营;营地fortable / k mft bl/ adj. 舒适的11. delicious /d l s/ adj. 美味的12. depart /d pɑ t/ v. 离开13. destination / dest ne n/ n. 目的地14. enjoy / n d / v. 享受15. exciting / k sa t / adj. 令人兴奋的16. explore / k spl (r)/ v. 探索17. famous / fe m s/ adj. 著名的18. flight /fla t/ n. 航班19. foreign / f r n/ adj. 外国的20. fun /f n/ n. & adj. 乐趣;有趣的21. guide /ɡa d/ n. & v. 导游;引导22. holiday / h l de / n. 假期23. hotel /h tel/ n. 酒店24. hungry / h ɡri/ adj. 饥饿的25. interesting / ntr st / adj. 有趣的26. journey / d ni/ n. 旅行27. language / l ɡw d / n. 语言28. local / l kl/ adj. 当地的29. luggage / l ɡ d / n. 行李30. map /m p/ n. 地图31. mountain / ma nt n/ n. 山32. museum /mju zi m/ n. 博物馆33. nature / ne t (r)/ n. 自然34. pack /p k/ v. 打包35. passport / pɑ sp t/ n. 护照36. photo / f t / n. 照片37. plan /pl n/ n. & v. 计划38. relax /r l ks/ v. 放松39. remember /r memb (r)/ v. 记住40. rent /rent/ v. 租用41. restaurant / restr nt/ n. 餐厅42. scenery / si n ri/ n. 风景43. shopping / p / n. 购物44. sightseeing / sa tsi / n. 观光45. souvenir / su v n (r)/ n. 纪念品46. stay /ste / v. & n. 停留;逗留47. sunny / s ni/ adj. 晴朗的48. taste /te st/ v. & n. 品尝;味道49. ticket / t k t/ n. 票50. tour /t (r)/ n. & v. 旅行;游览51. tourist / t r st/ n. 游客52. traffic / tr f k/ n. 交通53. trip /tr p/ n. 旅行54. visit / v z t/ v. & n. 参观;访问55. weather / we (r)/ n. 天气56. wonderful / w nd fl/ adj. 极好的二、重点短语1. go on a trip 去旅行2. take a vacation 度假3. visit a museum 参观博物馆4. go sightseeing 去观光5. go camping 去露营6. go hiking 去远足7. go to the beach 去海滩8. have a picnic 野餐9. take photos 拍照10. buy souvenirs 买纪念品11. arrive at/in... 到达(某地)12. depart from... 从……出发13. take a flight 乘飞机14. catch a train 赶火车15. rent a car 租车16. pack one’s luggage 打包行李17. check in (at a hotel) 办理入住18. check out (of a hotel) 退房19. have fun 玩得开心20. enjoy oneself 过得愉快21. feel relaxed 感到放松22. be excited about... 对……感到兴奋23. be interested in... 对……感兴趣24. try local food 尝试当地食物25. taste delicious food 品尝美食26. have good/bad weather 天气好/不好27. make a plan 制定计划28. book a hotel 预订酒店29. look forward to... 期待……30. remember to do sth. 记得做某事31. on holiday 在度假32. in the mountains 在山上33. by the sea 在海边34. a famous tourist attraction 著名旅游景点35. a comfortable hotel 舒适的酒店36. an amazing experience 一次奇妙的经历三、重点句子1. 旅行计划与安排1. Where are you going for your holiday 你假期要去哪里?2. I'm planning to visit Beijing this summer. 我计划今年夏天去北京。3. We're going to take a trip to Shanghai. 我们要去上海旅行。4. How long will you stay there 你会在那里待多久?5. I'll stay for about two weeks. 我会待大约两周。6. Have you booked your hotel yet 你订好酒店了吗?7. I want to visit some famous tourist attractions. 我想参观一些著名景点。2. 交通方式8. How will you get there 你怎么去那里?9. We're taking a flight to Hainan. 我们要乘飞机去海南。10. The train leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 火车明天早上8点发车。11. It takes about 2 hours by plane. 乘飞机大约需要2小时。12. We can rent a car to travel around. 我们可以租车四处游玩。3. 活动与体验13. What activities will you do there 你在那里会做什么活动?14. We're going to go sightseeing in the city. 我们要在城市里观光。15. I want to try some local food. 我想尝尝当地美食。16. The seafood here is very delicious. 这里的海鲜非常美味。17. We had an amazing time at the beach. 我们在海滩玩得很开心。18. Did you take many photos 你拍了很多照片吗?19. I bought some souvenirs for my friends. 我给朋友们买了一些纪念品。4. 感受与评价20. How was your trip 你的旅行怎么样?21. It was wonderful! 太棒了!22. The weather was perfect. 天气非常好。23. The hotel was very comfortable. 酒店非常舒适。24. I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得很开心。25. Everything was interesting. 一切都很有趣。26. The people there were very friendly. 那里的人们非常友好。27. I felt relaxed during the holiday. 假期里我感到很放松。5. 天气与季节28. What's the weather like there 那里的天气怎么样?29. It's sunny and warm in summer. 夏天阳光充足,天气温暖。30. It rains a lot in July. 七月份经常下雨。31. The best time to visit is spring. 最佳游览时间是春天。6. 问路与方位32. Excuse me, where is the museum 请问博物馆在哪里?33. How can I get to the train station 我怎么去火车站?34. It's not far from here. 离这儿不远。35. You can take Bus No. 5. 你可以坐5路公交车。36. Go straight and turn left at the traffic lights. 直走,在红绿灯处左转。7. 购物与消费37. How much is this souvenir 这个纪念品多少钱?38. Can I try it on 我能试穿吗?39. Do you accept credit cards 你们接受信用卡吗?40. That's too expensive. 太贵了。41. I'd like to buy some gifts for my family. 我想给家人买些礼物。8. 应急与帮助42. I lost my passport. 我的护照丢了。43. Where is the nearest hospital 最近的医院在哪里?44. Can you help me, please 你能帮我吗?45. I need to call the police. 我需要报警。9. 回忆与总结46. This was the best holiday ever! 这是最棒的假期!47. I'll never forget this trip. 我永远不会忘记这次旅行。48. I want to come back again next year. 我想明年再来。49. Traveling makes me happy. 旅行让我快乐。四、语法点复合不定代词复合不定代词是由 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 -body, -one, -thing 组合而成的代词,用于指代不特定的人或物。一)基本形式| 前缀 \ 后缀 | -body / -one(指人) | -thing(指物) | -where(指地点) || some- | somebody, someone | something | somewhere || any- | anybody, anyone | anything | anywhere || no- | nobody, no one | nothing | nowhere || every- | everybody, everyone | everything | everywhere |二)用法规则1. 肯定句:多用 some- 系列- Someone is knocking at the door.(有人在敲门。)- I need something to eat.(我需要吃点东西。)2. 否定句 & 疑问句:多用 any- 系列- Do you know anyone here (你认识这里的任何人吗?)- She didn't say anything.(她什么也没说。)例外:当疑问句表示“建议或请求”时,用 some-:- Would you like something to drink (想喝点什么吗?)3. 否定意义:用 no- 系列(本身已含否定,谓语用肯定形式)- Nobody knows the answer.(没人知道答案。)- There is nothing in the box.(盒子里什么也没有。)4. 泛指全部:用 every- 系列- Everyone likes the movie.(大家都喜欢这部电影。)- She checks everywhere but found nothing.(她到处找,但一无所获。)三)注意事项1. 单数谓语:复合不定代词作主语时,谓语用单数。- Everything is ready.(一切就绪。)- Nobody has the key.(没人有钥匙。)2. 形容词修饰:形容词需后置,放在 -thing 或 -body 之后。- I want to eat something sweet.(我想吃点甜食。)- Is there anything interesting (有什么有趣的事吗?)3. 所有格形式:指人的复合代词可加 's 表示所有格。- Someone's wallet is on the floor.(某人的钱包掉地上了。)- Everybody's opinion matters.(每个人的意见都很重要。)4. 与 else 连用:表示“其他…”。- Ask someone else for help.(找别人帮忙吧。)- Did you see anything else (你还看到别的了吗?)四)常见搭配- anything but(绝不):He is anything but lazy.(他绝不懒惰。)- nothing but(只有):She eats nothing but vegetables.(她只吃蔬菜。)- something like(大约):It costs something like $50.(大约50美元。)PS:这里顺便复习一下之前学过的简单不定代词的一些用法:常见简单不定代词的用法讲解1)some和anya.some常用于肯定句,any多用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句,两者都可以代替可数或不可数名词。例如:Some say yes and some say no.有的人说是,有的人说不是。I don’t like any of them.我对他们一个也不喜欢。Does any of them know this 他们当中有谁知道吗?b.如果在提问时期待对方肯定回答,或鼓励别人说yes时,疑问句中的不定代词要用some,不用any。例如:Would you like some of the tickets 你想要些票吗?c.在强调“任何一个”意思的时候,any也可用于肯定句。例如:You can take any of the newspapers here.你可以拿这儿任何一份报纸。2)either和neithereither用于肯定,neither用于否定,二者均限于两个个体的情况。例如:You can see tall trees on either of the river banks.在河的两岸你们能看到高大的树。Neither of them wants to see the film with me.他们两个谁也不想和我去看电影。3)one和ones(one的复数形式)one可以指某人,人人或某物,也可以用来代替上文中提及的可数名词,以避免用词的重复。当one指人时,其反身代词为oneself,所有格形式是one’s。例如:One should follow the laws.人人应该遵守法律。The one in red is our monitor.穿红衣服的那位是我们的班长。Shanghai has a lot of new buildings, but it also has many old ones.上海有很多新的建筑物,也有不少老的建筑物。Unit 2 Home Sweet Home重点单词1. apartment / pɑ rtm nt/ n. 公寓2. balcony / b lk ni/ n. 阳台3. basement / be sm nt/ n. 地下室4. bathroom / b θru m/ n. 浴室5. bedroom / bedru m/ n. 卧室6. bookshelf / b k elf/ n. 书架7. carpet / kɑ rp t/ n. 地毯8. ceiling / si l / n. 天花板9. chair /t er/ n. 椅子10. closet / klɑ z t/ n. 衣柜11. comfortable / k mft bl/ adj. 舒适的12. couch /ka t / n. 长沙发13. cupboard / k b rd/ n. 橱柜14. curtain / k rtn/ n. 窗帘15. dining room / da n ru m/ n. 餐厅16. door /d r/ n. 门17. drawer /dr r/ n. 抽屉18. elevator / el ve t r/ n. 电梯19. entrance / entr ns/ n. 入口20. fence /fens/ n. 栅栏21. fireplace / fa rple s/ n. 壁炉22. floor /fl r/ n. 地板;楼层23. fridge /fr d / n. 冰箱24. furniture / f rn t r/ n. 家具25. garage /ɡ rɑ / n. 车库26. garden / ɡɑ rdn/ n. 花园27. hall /h l/ n. 大厅28. house /ha s/ n. 房子29. kitchen / k t n/ n. 厨房30. lamp /l mp/ n. 台灯31. laundry / l ndri/ n. 洗衣房32. light /la t/ n. 灯33. living room / l v ru m/ n. 客厅34. mailbox / me lbɑ ks/ n. 邮箱35. mat /m t/ n. 垫子36. microwave / ma kr we v/ n. 微波炉37. mirror / m r r/ n. 镜子38. neighbor / ne b r/ n. 邻居39. noisy / n zi/ adj. 吵闹的40. oven / vn/ n. 烤箱41. painting / pe nt / n. 画42. pillow / p lo / n. 枕头43. porch /p rt / n. 门廊44. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的45. refrigerator /r fr d re t r/ n. 冰箱46. roof /ru f/ n. 屋顶47. room /ru m/ n. 房间48. rug /r ɡ/ n. 小地毯49. shelf / elf/ n. 架子50. shower / a r/ n. 淋浴51. sink /s k/ n. 水槽52. sofa / so f / n. 沙发53. stairs /sterz/ n. 楼梯54. stove /sto v/ n. 炉子55. table / te bl/ n. 桌子56. television (TV) / tel v n/ n. 电视57. toilet / t l t/ n. 马桶58. wall /w l/ n. 墙59. wardrobe / w rdro b/ n. 衣柜60. window / w ndo / n. 窗户61. yard /jɑ rd/ n. 院子二、主要短语一)动词短语(动作相关)1. tidy up the room 整理房间2. put away clothes 收好衣服3. hang up a picture 挂画4. turn on/off the light 开/关灯5. set the table 摆餐具(准备吃饭)6. take out the trash 倒垃圾7. water the plants 给植物浇水8. make yourself at home 别客气(像在家一样)9. move into a new house 搬进新家10. do household chores 做家务二)介词短语(位置/关系)11. on the wall 在墙上12. under the bed 在床下13. next to the window 靠窗14. in the corner of the room 在房间角落15. between the sofa and the table 在沙发和桌子之间16. across from the door 门对面17. at the back of the house 在房子后面18. by the fireplace 在壁炉旁19. against the rules 违反规定(家居规则)20. for rent/sale 出租/出售三)名词短语(物品/场景)21. a pile of books 一堆书22. a set of furniture 一套家具23. a cup of tea 一杯茶24. a cozy atmosphere 舒适的氛围25. a modern kitchen 现代化厨房26. an open-plan living area 开放式起居区27. a double-bed room 双人卧室28. a well-equipped bathroom 设备齐全的浴室29. a storage space 储物空间30. a safety precaution 安全预防措施四)固定搭配(习语/常用表达)31. make room for... 为……腾出空间32. feel at home 感觉自在33. home sweet home 甜蜜的家34. a place to call home 一个称之为家的地方35. safe and sound 平安无恙36. in the middle of nowhere 偏僻处(形容房子位置)37. hit the sack 上床睡觉(俚语)38. keep the noise down 保持安静39. put your feet up 放松休息40. home is where the heart is 心之所向即是家五、实用场景短语41. sign a lease 签租房合同42. pay the rent 付房租43. fix a leaky faucet 修理漏水龙头44. change the bedsheets 换床单45. run out of space 空间不足46. let in some fresh air 通风换气47. keep things organized 保持整洁48. fall asleep on the couch 在沙发上睡着49. have a housewarming party 举办乔迁派对50. say goodbye to the old place 告别旧居51. do the laundry 洗衣服52. wash the dishes 洗碗53. clean the house 打扫房子54. make the bed 整理床铺55. take a shower 洗澡56. cook dinner 做晚饭57. watch TV 看电视58. listen to music 听音乐59. read a book 看书60. have a nap 小睡三、重点句子一)描述房屋结构1. Our house has three bedrooms and two bathrooms.(我们家有三间卧室和两间浴室。)2. The kitchen is fully equipped with modern appliances.(厨房配有现代化电器。)3. There’s a cozy fireplace in the living room.(客厅里有个舒适的壁炉。)4. My bedroom faces south, so it gets plenty of sunlight.(我的卧室朝南,所以阳光充足。)5. We turned the attic into a study room.(我们把阁楼改成了书房。)二)日常家务活动6. Could you help me set the table for dinner (你能帮我摆餐具准备吃饭吗?)7. I need to take out the trash before it overflows.(我得在垃圾满出来前倒掉。)8. She spends an hour every day watering the plants.(她每天花一小时给植物浇水。)9. Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave.(离开时别忘了关灯。)10. The laundry is piling up—we should do it today.(脏衣服堆起来了,我们今天得洗了。)三)家具与物品摆放11. The bookshelf is placed against the wall.(书架靠墙放着。)12. Your shoes are under the coffee table.(你的鞋在茶几下面。)13. Hang your coat on the hook by the door.(把外套挂在门边的钩子上。)14. The TV is mounted above the fireplace.(电视挂在壁炉上方。)15. Keep the remote control on the side table.(遥控器放在边桌上。)四)家庭互动与规则16. Make yourself at home!(别客气,像在自己家一样!)17. Please keep the noise down after 10 PM.(晚上10点后请保持安静。)18. Dinner is ready—come to the dining room!(晚饭好了,来餐厅吧!)19. Whose turn is it to wash the dishes tonight (今晚轮到谁洗碗了?)20. We take turns cleaning the house every weekend.(我们每周末轮流打扫房子。)五)情感与感受表达21. I love how cozy this room feels!(我好喜欢这个房间的温馨感!)22. Home is where I can finally relax.(家是我终于能放松的地方。)23. The smell of fresh coffee makes this house feel like home.(现煮咖啡的香气让这里有了家的感觉。)24. I miss my childhood home so much.(我特别想念我童年的家。)25. Nothing beats coming back to a warm home.(没有什么比回到温暖的家更棒的了。)六)租房与搬家相关26. We’re moving into a new apartment next month.(我们下个月要搬进新公寓。)27. The rent includes water and internet bills.(房租包含水费和网费。)28. I need to sign the lease by Friday.(我需要在周五前签租房合同。)29. The previous tenants left the walls in bad condition.(之前的租客把墙面弄得很糟。)30. Is there a security deposit required (需要押金吗?)七)问题与解决31. The sink is clogged—we should call a plumber.(水槽堵了,我们得叫水管工。)32. The air conditioner isn’t working properly.(空调运行不正常。)33. There’s a leak in the bathroom ceiling.(浴室天花板在漏水。)34. Where do we keep the spare light bulbs (备用灯泡放在哪儿?)35. I locked myself out! Can you bring the spare key (我把自己锁门外了!能拿备用钥匙来吗?)八)邀请与拜访36. Would you like to come over for a housewarming party (你想来参加我们的乔迁派对吗?)37. Let me give you a tour of our new place!(我带您参观我们的新家吧!)38. You’re welcome to stay for dinner.(欢迎你留下来吃晚饭。)39. Our guest room is ready for you.(我们的客房已经为你准备好了。)40. Thanks for having me—your home is beautiful!(谢谢招待,你家真漂亮!)九)实用短句41. Where’s the nearest grocery store (最近的超市在哪儿?)42. How often do you clean the windows (你多久擦一次窗户?)43. The Wi-Fi password is on the fridge.(Wi-Fi密码贴在冰箱上。)44. Let’s open the windows to let in some fresh air.(我们开窗通通风吧。)45. I’ll fix a snack for us.(我去给大家弄点吃的。)十)回忆与展望46. This house holds so many memories for us.(这栋房子承载了我们太多回忆。)47. One day, I want a house with a big garden.(有一天,我想要个带大花园的房子。)48. We’ve outgrown this apartment—it’s time to move.(这公寓不够住了,该搬家了。)49. No matter where I go, this will always be home.(无论我去哪里,这里永远是我的家。)四、语法点本单元语法点主要了解can和could的用法比较。一)核心区别| | can | could| 时态 | 现在时(或表示一般能力) | 过去时/更委婉的现在时 || 语气 | 直接、肯定 | 礼貌、假设、不确定性 || 可能性| 现实可能性较高 | 理论可能性或更低可能性 |can 用在疑问句中时,表示征求意见、请求许可,答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中,比can 更委婉、客气,是一种礼貌的说法,并不表示过去时态,答语用can,而不能用could。二)具体用法解析1. 表示能力- can:现在的能力- She can swim 100 meters.(她现在能游100米。)- could:过去的能力(was/were able to)- When I was 5, I could ride a bike.(我5岁时会骑自行车。)- 否定句中过去能力用 couldn't:- He couldn't solve the problem yesterday.(昨天他没能解决问题。)2. 请求许可- Can I... (口语化,朋友间)- Can I borrow your pen - Could I... (更正式/礼貌)- Could I use your phone, please - 给予许可时只用 can,不用 could:- Yes, you can.( )- Yes, you could.( 错误)3. 可能性- can:理论或普遍可能性- Smoking can cause cancer.(吸烟可能致癌。)- could:具体情境中的可能性(较弱)- It could rain later.(稍后可能会下雨。)- We could go to the beach if it's sunny.(如果天晴,我们可以去海滩。)4. 建议- can:直接建议- You can try restarting your computer.- could:更委婉的建议- You could ask your teacher for help.5. 虚拟语气- could 用于虚拟条件句(与现在/将来相反)- If I had time, I could travel the world.(如果我有时间,我就能环游世界。)- could have + 过去分词 表示过去未实现的可能性:- You could have told me earlier!(你本可以早点告诉我!)三)高频考点与易错点1. 过去能力:- She could play piano at 6.(6岁时会弹)2. 委婉请求的应答:- 问:Could you help me - 答:Yes, I can.(不用 could)3. 可能性对比:- The keys can be in the drawer.(大概率在)- The keys could be in the drawer.(不太确定)4. 否定形式:- can't = 不可能(强烈否定)- He can't be at home—his car is gone.- couldn't = 过去不能/委婉否定现在- I couldn't attend the meeting.(过去)- I couldn't agree more.(现在:非常同意)四、经典句型模板1. 请求许可:- Could/Can I possibly... (更礼貌)- Do you think I could... 2. 委婉请求帮助:- Could you do me a favor 3. 推测可能性:- It could/might be true.(比 can 更不确定)4. 后悔或批评:- You could have been more careful!五)实战练习1. 改写句子(用 could 更礼貌):- Can you pass me the salt → Could you pass me the salt 2. 选择正确答案:- I _____ swim until I was 10.a) can't b) couldn't (答案:b)Unit 3 Same or Different 重点单词1. alike / la k/ adj. 相似的2. appearance / p r ns/ n. 外貌3. attitude / t tu d/ n. 态度4. behavior /b he vj r/ n. 行为5. belong /b l / v. 属于6. boring / b r / adj. 无聊的7. character / k r kt r/ n. 性格8. compare /k m per/ v. 比较9. competition / kɑ mp t n/ n. 竞争10. confident / kɑ nf d nt/ adj. 自信的11. conflict / kɑ nfl kt/ n. 冲突12. contrast / kɑ ntr st/ n. 对比13. creative /kri e t v/ adj. 有创造力的14. depend /d pend/ v. 依赖15. describe /d skra b/ v. 描述16. difference / d fr ns/ n. 不同17. different / d fr nt/ adj. 不同的18. difficult / d f k lt/ adj. 困难的19. disagree / d s ɡri / v. 不同意20. easygoing / i ziɡo / adj. 随和的21. emotion / mo n/ n. 情绪22. energetic / en r d et k/ adj. 精力充沛的23. equal / i kw l/ adj. 平等的24. fair /fer/ adj. 公平的25. familiar /f m li r/ adj. 熟悉的26. friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的27. generous / d en r s/ adj. 慷慨的28. gentle / d entl/ adj. 温柔的29. habit / h b t/ n. 习惯30. honest / ɑ n st/ adj. 诚实的31. humorous / hju m r s/ adj. 幽默的32. identical /a dent kl/ adj. 完全相同的33. impatient / m pe nt/ adj. 不耐烦的34. independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 独立的35. intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj. 聪明的36. jealous / d el s/ adj. 嫉妒的37. kind /ka nd/ adj. 善良的38. lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的39. loyal / l l/ adj. 忠诚的40. mood /mu d/ n. 心情41. mysterious /m st ri s/ adj. 神秘的42. nervous / n rv s/ adj. 紧张的43. noisy / n zi/ adj. 吵闹的44. obvious / ɑ bvi s/ adj. 明显的45. optimistic / ɑ pt m st k/ adj. 乐观的46. patient / pe nt/ adj. 耐心的47. personality / p rs n l ti/ n. 个性48. pessimistic / pes m st k/ adj. 悲观的49. polite /p la t/ adj. 礼貌的50. quiet / kwa t/ adj. 安静的51. relaxed /r l kst/ adj. 放松的52. responsible /r spɑ ns bl/ adj. 负责任的53. same /se m/ adj. 相同的54. selfish / self / adj. 自私的55. serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的56. shy / a / adj. 害羞的57. similar / s m l r/ adj. 相似的58. sociable / so bl/ adj. 社交的59. talent / t l nt/ n. 才能60. tidy / ta di/ adj. 整洁的61. tolerant / tɑ l r nt/ adj. 宽容的62. unique /ju ni k/ adj. 独特的63. wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的二、主要短语一)比较与对比1. be similar to 与...相似2. be different from 与...不同3. have something in common 有共同点4. compare A with B 将A与B比较5. in contrast to 与...形成对比6. on the contrary 相反7. look alike 看起来像8. stand out from 从...中脱颖而出二)性格与行为9. have a good/bad temper 脾气好/差10. be full of energy 充满活力11. keep calm 保持冷静12. lose one's temper 发脾气13. be hard-working 勤奋的14. take things seriously 认真对待15. have a sense of humor 有幽默感16. be open-minded 思想开明的17. be narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的三)人际关系18. get along with 与...相处融洽19. have an argument with 与...争论20. make friends with 与...交朋友21. trust each other 互相信任22. respect one's opinion 尊重某人的观点23. share the same interest 有相同兴趣24. give someone a hand 帮助某人四)情绪与态度25. be in a good/bad mood 心情好/差26. cheer someone up 让某人高兴起来27. feel down 情绪低落28. keep one's promise 信守承诺29. change one's mind 改变主意30. look on the bright side 看事情好的一面五)能力与习惯31. have a talent for 有...的天赋32. be good at 擅长...33. be poor at 不擅长...34. get used to 习惯于...35. develop a habit of 养成...习惯36. break a habit 改掉习惯六)社会与群体37. fit in with 适应...38. belong to 属于...39. play a role in 在...中扮演角色40. follow the rules 遵守规则41. stand up for 支持...42. look up to someone 尊敬某人七)其他实用短语43. as a matter of fact 事实上44. in general 一般来说45. to some extent 在某种程度上46. for instance 例如47. on the one hand...on the other hand 一方面...另一方面48. what's more 而且49. in other words 换句话说50. all in all 总而言之51. take...into consideration 考虑...52. judge by appearance 以貌取人53. see eye to eye 看法一致三、重点句子一)比较异同1. We look alike but have totally different personalities.(我们长得很像,但性格完全不同。)2. Your handwriting is similar to mine.(你的笔迹和我的很像。)3. In contrast to his brother, he's very outgoing.(和他兄弟相反,他非常外向。)4. These two paintings have something in common.(这两幅画有些共同点。)5. On the one hand she's kind, on the other hand she can be strict.(她一方面很善良,另一方面也可能很严格。)二)性格描述6. She's always full of energy.(她总是充满活力。)7. My boss has a bad temper.(我老板脾气很差。)8. He takes everything too seriously.(他对什么事都太认真了。)9. You should learn to keep calm under pressure.(你应该学会在压力下保持冷静。)10. Being open-minded is important in teamwork.(在团队合作中思想开明很重要。)三)人际关系11. Do you get along with your roommates (你和室友相处得好吗?)12. They had an argument about money.(他们因为钱吵了一架。)13. We trust each other completely.(我们完全信任彼此。)14. I respect your opinion but I disagree.(我尊重你的观点,但我不同意。)15. Let's try to see eye to eye on this.(让我们在这件事上达成一致吧。)四)情绪表达16. Why are you in such a bad mood today (你今天为什么心情这么差?)17. This song always cheers me up.(这首歌总能让我高兴起来。)18. She felt down after hearing the news.(听到消息后她情绪低落。)19. Don't lose your temper over small things.(不要为小事发脾气。)20. Look on the bright side - at least we tried.(往好处想,至少我们尝试过了。)五)能力习惯21. He has a talent for playing the piano.(他有弹钢琴的天赋。)22. I'm good at math but poor at sports.(我擅长数学但不擅长体育。)23. Have you gotten used to the new schedule (你适应新的时间表了吗?)24. I've developed a habit of reading before bed.(我养成了睡前阅读的习惯。)25. It's hard to break bad habits.(改掉坏习惯很难。)六)社会适应26. It took me months to fit in with the new class.(我花了几个月才适应新班级。)27. This book belongs to the school library.(这本书属于学校图书馆。)28. Everyone should follow the rules.(每个人都应该遵守规则。)29. We need to stand up for what's right.(我们需要坚持正确的事。)30. Many students look up to their math teacher.(许多学生都很尊敬数学老师。)七)观点表达31. As a matter of fact, I don't agree with you.(事实上,我不同意你的看法。)32. In general, people prefer kind leaders.(一般来说,人们更喜欢和善的领导。)33. To some extent, we're all selfish.(在某种程度上,我们都很自私。)34. For instance, Jack and I share the same hobby.(例如,杰克和我的爱好相同。)35. All in all, it was a great experience.(总而言之,这是很棒的经历。)八)建议忠告36. You should take his advice into consideration.(你应该考虑他的建议。)37. Don't judge people by their appearance.(不要以貌取人。)38. Try to look at things from different angles.(试着从不同角度看问题。)39. What's more important is your attitude.(更重要的是你的态度。)40. In other words, we need to be more patient.(换句话说,我们需要更耐心。)41. Let me give you a hand with that problem.(让我帮你解决那个问题吧。)四、语法点本单元主要学习的语法点是形容词副词的比较级,因为下一单元(Unit 4)语法点是最高级,所以这里一起讲解。大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1) 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法 原级 比较级 最高级一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicestlarge(大的) larger largestable(有能力的) abler ablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er,-est big(大的) bigger biggesthot(热的) hotter hottest"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est easy(容易的) easier easiestbusy(忙的) busier busiest少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词 未尾加-er,-estclever(聪明的) cleverer cleverestnarrow(窄的) narrower narrowest其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more\most来构成比较级和最高级。 important(重要的) easily(容易地) more important more easily most important most easily2) 不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good(好的) / well(健康的) better bestbad (坏的) / ill(有病的) worse worsetold(老的) older/elder oldest/eldestmuch/many(多的) more mostlittle(少的) less leastfar (远的) farthe r/ further farthest / furthest2、形容词原级用法:1)、 too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级2)、 原级 + enough 足够......3)、 as + 原级 + as 与......一样......4)、 A not as/ so + 原级 + as B A 不如/不及 B......Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.(Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高)= Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom.Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。(Jane比Mary漂亮)= Mary is less beautiful than Jane.= Jane is more beautiful than Mary.3、形容词比较级的用法:形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:1)、 比较级 + thanKate is taller than Jenny.This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮.This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要.2)、 比较级 and 比较级 越来越...... More and more + 多音节词原形 越来越......fatter and fatter 越来越胖 taller and taller 越来越高more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more important 越来越重要3)、 the 比较级 + (句子),the 比较级 + (句子) 越......就越......The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动,我们就越健康.The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes.我们越认真,我们犯错误就越少.4)、 比较级 + than + any other + 名词单数=比较级 + than + the other + 名词复数Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.= Mike is the talest boy in his class.备注: 用much、 a little、 even等副词修饰比较级The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一点点。She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Kate漂亮得多。5) 形容词最高级的用法: (形容词最高级前常需用定冠词the修饰) 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 其结构形式为:a.主语 + 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 比较范围(in/ of all):She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class. This is the most beautiful apple of all. 这是所有苹果中最大的苹果。Li Lei is the youngest of the three. Li Lei是这三个中最年轻的.b. one of + the 最高级 + 名词复数Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。4、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法①两者进行比较A=B as +形容词或副词的原级+ asI am as tall as you.Lucy sings as well as Lily.A≠B not so/as +形容词或副词的原级+ asHe is not as/so careful as his brother.He doesn’t run as/so quickly as me.A>B或A<B 形容词或副词的比较级+ thanYou are two years younger than me.He is a little stronger than his father.Nancy dances better than her classmates.②三者或三者以上进行比较 使用形容词或副词的最高级 常接in 或of 表比较范围Who is the tallest in Class Three Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.注意:one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数China is one of the strongest countries in the world.the + 序数词+ 最高级+名词的单数The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.③注意以下几种情况:形容词或副词的比较级前可用much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副词或词组表示不同程度,但是注意,very 不行。I’m a little/ much/far richer than you.Football is much more exciting than basketball.比较级+and +比较级表“越来越…”stronger and strongermore and more beautifulC.“the +比较级…, the +比较级”表示“越是…越是…”The busier she is, the happier she is.5、 其它知识点可修饰比较级的词1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals重点单词1. amazing / me z / (adj.) 令人惊奇的2. plant /pl nt/ (n.) 植物3. animal / n m l/ (n.) 动物4. species / spi i z/ (n.) 物种5. habitat / h b t t/ (n.) 栖息地6. extinct / k st kt/ (adj.) 灭绝的7. endangered / n de nd rd/ (adj.) 濒危的8. survive /s r va v/ (v.) 生存9. adapt / d pt/ (v.) 适应10. carnivore / kɑ rn v r/ (n.) 肉食动物11. herbivore / h rb v r/ (n.) 草食动物12. omnivore / ɑ mn v r/ (n.) 杂食动物13. predator / pred t r/ (n.) 捕食者14. prey /pre / (n.) 猎物15. photosynthesis / fo to s nθ s s/ (n.) 光合作用16. root /ru t/ (n.) 根17. stem /stem/ (n.) 茎18. leaf /li f/ (n.) 叶子19. flower / fla r/ (n.) 花20. fruit /fru t/ (n.) 果实21. seed /si d/ (n.) 种子22. bark /bɑ rk/ (n.) 树皮23. thorn /θ rn/ (n.) 刺24. poisonous / p z n s/ (adj.) 有毒的25. venomous / ven m s/ (adj.) 分泌毒液的26. camouflage / k m flɑ / (n./v.) 伪装27. migrate / ma ɡre t/ (v.) 迁徙28. hibernate / ha b rne t/ (v.) 冬眠29. pollinate / pɑ l ne t/ (v.) 授粉30. pollinator / pɑ l ne t r/ (n.) 传粉者31. symbiosis / s mba o s s/ (n.) 共生32. parasite / p r sa t/ (n.) 寄生虫33. host /ho st/ (n.) 宿主34. ecosystem / i ko s st m/ (n.) 生态系统35. biodiversity / ba o da v rs ti/ (n.) 生物多样性36. conservation / kɑ ns r ve n/ (n.) 保护37. deforestation /di f r ste n/ (n.) 森林砍伐38. climate / kla m t/ (n.) 气候39. tropical / trɑ p kl/ (adj.) 热带的40. arctic / ɑ rkt k/ (adj.) 北极的41. desert / dez rt/ (n.) 沙漠42. rainforest / re nf r st/ (n.) 雨林43. grassland / ɡr sl nd/ (n.) 草原44. ocean / o n/ (n.) 海洋45. coral / k r l/ (n.) 珊瑚46. mammal / m ml/ (n.) 哺乳动物47. reptile / repta l/ (n.) 爬行动物48. amphibian / m f bi n/ (n.) 两栖动物49. insect / nsekt/ (n.) 昆虫50. bird /b rd/ (n.) 鸟51. fish /f / (n.) 鱼52. whale /we l/ (n.) 鲸53. dolphin / dɑ lf n/ (n.) 海豚54. shark / ɑ rk/ (n.) 鲨鱼55. elephant / el f nt/ (n.) 大象56. lion / la n/ (n.) 狮子57. tiger / ta ɡ r/ (n.) 老虎58. panda / p nd / (n.) 熊猫59. giraffe /d r f/ (n.) 长颈鹿60. zebra / zi br / (n.) 斑马二、主要短语1. adapt to 适应2. survive in 在……中生存3. be native to 原产于4. be endangered 濒临灭绝5. go extinct 灭绝6. play a role in 在……中起作用7. depend on 依赖8. feed on 以……为食9. prey on 捕食10. hunt for food 猎食11. compete for resources 争夺资源12. live in harmony 和谐共处13. protect from danger 保护免受危险14. blend into the environment 融入环境15. use camouflage 使用伪装16. migrate to warmer places 迁徙到更温暖的地方17. hibernate in winter 冬眠18. pollinate flowers 给花授粉19. rely on each other 相互依赖20. form a symbiotic relationship 形成共生关系21. be home to 是……的家园22. thrive in 在……中茁壮成长23. die out 灭绝24. be at risk 处于危险中25. take measures to protect 采取措施保护26. reduce deforestation 减少森林砍伐27. preserve biodiversity 保护生物多样性28. fight climate change 应对气候变化29. live in the wild 生活在野外30. be kept in captivity 被圈养31. release into the wild 放归野外32. be hunted for 因……被猎杀33. be poached for 因……被偷猎34. be protected by law 受法律保护35. set up nature reserves 建立自然保护区36. restore ecosystems 恢复生态系统37. balance the food chain 平衡食物链38. affect the environment 影响环境39. cause habitat loss 导致栖息地丧失40. contribute to conservation 为保护做贡献41. raise awareness 提高意识42. study wildlife 研究野生动物43. track animal movements 追踪动物活动44. observe behavior 观察行为45. collect data 收集数据46. conduct research 进行研究47. educate the public 教育公众三、重点句子1. Plants are the basis of all life on Earth.植物是地球上所有生命的基础。(强调植物的重要性)2. Through photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into energy.通过光合作用,植物将阳光转化为能量。(光合作用原理)3. The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species.亚马逊雨林是数百万物种的家园。(habitat表达)4. Some plants have developed unique ways to attract pollinators.有些植物进化出独特方式吸引传粉者。(adaptation案例)5. The Venus flytrap can close its leaves in just 0.1 seconds.捕蝇草的叶子能在0.1秒内闭合。(特殊植物案例)6. Animals adapt to their environments through natural selection.动物通过自然选择适应环境。(达尔文理论)7. Polar bears' white fur provides perfect camouflage in snow.北极熊的白毛在雪地中是完美伪装。(adaptation案例)8. Elephants use infrasound to communicate over long distances.大象使用次声波进行远距离交流。(动物行为)9. Monarch butterflies migrate up to 3,000 miles annually.帝王蝶每年迁徙距离可达3000英里。(migration案例)10. Coral reefs support 25% of marine life despite covering less than 1% of the ocean floor.珊瑚礁养育着25%的海洋生物,尽管只覆盖不到1%的海底。(生态重要性)11. The symbiotic relationship between clownfish and sea anemones benefits both species.小丑鱼和海葵的共生关系使双方受益。(symbiosis案例)12. Deforestation destroys approximately 10 million hectares of forest each year.每年约1000万公顷森林因砍伐消失。(环境问题数据)13. Over 1 million species face extinction due to human activities.超过100万物种因人类活动面临灭绝。(IUCN数据)14. The illegal wildlife trade is worth an estimated $23 billion annually.非法野生动物贸易年估值230亿美元。(社会问题)15. Protected areas now cover about 15% of the Earth's land surface.保护区目前覆盖约15%的陆地表面。(保护进展)16. Bees pollinate 75% of the world's food crops.蜜蜂为全球75%的粮食作物授粉。(生态服务价值)17. A single mature tree can absorb 48 pounds of CO2 per year.一棵成年树每年可吸收48磅二氧化碳。(环保价值)18. Plastic pollution kills over 1 million marine animals annually.塑料污染每年导致超100万海洋动物死亡。(污染危害)19. The Great Barrier Reef has lost half its coral since 1995.大堡礁自1995年来已损失一半珊瑚。(生态危机)20. Zoos contribute significantly to species conservation through breeding programs.动物园通过繁殖计划为物种保护做出重要贡献。(保护措施)21. Ecological balance depends on the interactions between producers, consumers, and decomposers.生态平衡依赖于生产者、消费者和分解者间的相互作用。(生态原理)22. Tropical rainforests produce 20% of Earth's oxygen.热带雨林产生地球20%的氧气。(生态功能)23. The cheetah can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 3 seconds.猎豹能在3秒内从0加速到60英里/小时。(动物特征)24. Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world.穿山甲是全球走私最严重的哺乳动物。(保护现状)25. Climate change is causing shifts in animal migration patterns.气候变化正导致动物迁徙模式改变。(气候影响)26. The blue whale's heart weighs as much as a small car.蓝鲸的心脏重量相当于一辆小汽车。(动物趣闻)27. Bamboo can grow up to 91 cm in just one day.竹子一天能生长达91厘米。(植物特性)28. Over 80% of the ocean remains unexplored.超过80%的海洋尚未被探索。(科学事实)29. The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the global average.北极变暖速度是全球平均水平的两倍。(气候危机)30. A teaspoon of soil contains more microorganisms than there are people on Earth.一茶匙土壤中的微生物数量超过地球人口。(生态细节)31. Whale falls create ecosystems that can last for decades.鲸落形成的生态系统可持续数十年。(海洋生态)32. The oldest living tree is over 5,000 years old.现存最古老的树龄超过5000年。(植物记录)33. Insect populations have declined by 75% in some areas.部分地区昆虫数量已下降75%。(生态警示)34. Ecological footprints measure human demand on nature.生态足迹衡量人类对自然的需求。(环保概念)35. Rewilding projects are helping restore damaged ecosystems.野化项目正帮助修复受损生态系统。(保护方案)36. The sixth mass extinction is currently underway.第六次物种大灭绝正在进行中。(科学警告)37. Sustainable development balances human needs with environmental protection.可持续发展平衡人类需求与环境保护。(核心概念)38. Citizen science projects engage the public in conservation efforts.公民科学项目让公众参与保护工作。(参与方式)39. Every species plays a unique role in the web of life.每个物种都在生命之网中扮演独特角色。(单元主题升华)四、语法点本单元语法点是形容词和副词的最高级,在上单元已经讲解。这里做个简单总结。一)基本概念1. 比较级(Comparative):用于两者之间的比较("更...")- This plant grows faster than that one.- She speaks more clearly than her brother.2. 最高级(Superlative):用于三者或以上中的最突出者("最...")- This is the oldest tree in the forest.- Among all students, he works the hardest.二)形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则1. 规则变化:- 单音节词:- 一般加-er/-est:tall → taller → tallest- 以e结尾加-r/-st:large → larger → largest- 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母:big → bigger → biggest- 辅音+y结尾变y为i:happy → happier → happiest- 双音节词:- 以y结尾:early → earlier → earliest- 以ow/er/le结尾:narrow → narrower → narrowest- 其他双音节词通常用more/most:careful → more careful → most careful- 三音节及以上词:- 一律用more/most:beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful2. 不规则变化:| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 || good/well | better | best || bad/badly | worse | worst || many/much | more | most || little | less | least || far | farther/further | farthest/furthest |三)副词比较级和最高级的变化规则1. 规则变化:- 单音节副词加-er/-est:fast → faster → fastest- 以-ly结尾的副词用more/most:quickly → more quickly → most quickly- 不规则变化:well → better → best;badly → worse → worst2. 特殊形式:- early → earlier → earliest- often → more often → most often (也可用oftener/oftenest)四)比较结构的用法1. 基本比较结构:- A + be + 比较级 + than + BThis flower is more beautiful than that one.- A + 动词 + 比较级 + than + BHe runs faster than I do.2. 同级比较:- as + 原级 + asShe is as tall as her sister.- not as/so + 原级 + asThis book is not as interesting as that one.3. 最高级用法:- the + 最高级 + 比较范围(in/of/among)This is the most expensive car in the showroom.- one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world.五)特殊比较结构1. 越来越...:- 比较级 + and + 比较级The days are getting longer and longer.2. 越...就越...:- The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...The more you practice, the better you'll become.3. 倍数比较:- 倍数 + as + 原级 + asThis room is twice as large as that one.- 倍数 + 比较级 + thanThis river is three times longer than that one.六)修饰比较级的词语1. 表示程度大:- much/a lot/far/even/stillThis method is far more effective.2. 表示程度小:- a little/a bit/slightlyToday is a bit colder than yesterday.七)易错点提醒1. 避免双重比较:- 错误:more better → 正确:better- 错误:most fastest → 正确:fastest2. 比较对象要对等:- 错误:His English is better than me.- 正确:His English is better than mine.3. 最高级前通常要加the:- 错误:She is most beautiful girl in class.- 正确:She is the most beautiful girl in class.(副词最高级前the可省略:He works (the) hardest.)4. 比较范围:- 错误:This is the best of the two.- 正确:This is the better of the two.八)实战应用(动植物主题)1. The cheetah runs faster than any other land animal.2. This flower smells more fragrant than that one.3. The Amazon rainforest is the most biodiverse place on Earth.4. Polar bears are becoming less common due to climate change.5. The more we protect nature, the healthier our planet will be.Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal!重点单词1. delicious /d l s/ (adj.) 美味的2. meal /mi l/ (n.) 一餐3. appetizer / p ta z r/ (n.) 开胃菜4. main course /me n k rs/ (n.) 主菜5. dessert /d z rt/ (n.) 甜点6. ingredient / n ɡri di nt/ (n.) 原料7. flavor / fle v r/ (n.) 味道8. spicy / spa si/ (adj.) 辣的9. sweet /swi t/ (adj.) 甜的10. sour / sa r/ (adj.) 酸的11. salty / s lti/ (adj.) 咸的12. bitter / b t r/ (adj.) 苦的13. tasty / te sti/ (adj.) 可口的14. bland /bl nd/ (adj.) 清淡的15. savory / se v ri/ (adj.) 咸香的16. crispy / kr spi/ (adj.) 酥脆的17. tender / tend r/ (adj.) 嫩的18. juicy / d u si/ (adj.) 多汁的19. greasy / ɡri si/ (adj.) 油腻的20. steam /sti m/ (v.) 蒸21. fry /fra / (v.) 煎炸22. boil /b l/ (v.) 煮23. bake /be k/ (v.) 烤24. grill /ɡr l/ (v.) 烧烤25. chop /t p/ (v.) 切碎26. slice /sla s/ (v.) 切片27. peel /pi l/ (v.) 削皮28. stir /st r/ (v.) 搅拌29. whisk /w sk/ (v.) 打蛋30. seasoning / si z n / (n.) 调味料31. salt /s lt/ (n.) 盐32. pepper / pep r/ (n.) 胡椒33. sugar / ɡ r/ (n.) 糖34. vinegar / v n ɡ r/ (n.) 醋35. soy sauce / s s s/ (n.) 酱油36. oil / l/ (n.) 油37. garlic / ɡɑ rl k/ (n.) 大蒜38. ginger / d nd r/ (n.) 姜39. onion / nj n/ (n.) 洋葱40. recipe / res pi/ (n.) 食谱41. cuisine /kw zi n/ (n.) 烹饪风格42. nutrition /nu tr n/ (n.) 营养43. calorie / k l ri/ (n.) 卡路里44. vegetarian / ved te ri n/ (adj./n.) 素食的/素食者45. allergy / l rd i/ (n.) 过敏46. tableware / te blwer/ (n.) 餐具47. napkin / n pk n/ (n.) 餐巾48. utensil /ju tensl/ (n.) 厨具49. menu / menju / (n.) 菜单50. bill /b l/ (n.) 账单51. appetizing / p ta z / (adj.) 开胃的,诱人的52. aroma / ro m / (n.) 香气53. bite /ba t/ (n./v.) 一口/咬54. chewy / t u i/ (adj.) 有嚼劲的55. crumb /kr m/ (n.) 面包屑56. dough /do / (n.) 生面团57. garnish / ɡɑ rn / (v./n.) 装饰/配菜58. herb /h rb/ (n.) 香草59. knead /ni d/ (v.) 揉面60. marinate / m r ne t/ (v.) 腌制61. melt /melt/ (v.) 融化62. nutritious /nu tr s/ (adj.) 有营养的63. palate / p l t/ (n.) 味觉64. quench /kwent / (v.) 解渴65. roast /ro st/ (v./n.) 烤/烤肉66. simmer / s m r/ (v.) 炖67. toast /to st/ (n./v.) 吐司/烤面包68. wholesome / ho ls m/ (adj.) 有益健康的69. zest /zest/ (n.) 果皮屑70. gourmet / ɡ rme / (adj./n.) 美食的/美食家二、主要短语1. have a meal 用餐2. set the table 摆餐具3. clear the table 收拾餐桌4. pass the salt 递盐5. order food 点餐6. take an order 记下点单7. prepare ingredients 准备食材8. follow a recipe 按照食谱9. cook from scratch 从头开始烹饪10. add seasoning 加调味料11. mix well 搅拌均匀12. bring to a boil 煮沸13. turn down the heat 调小火14. fry until golden brown 煎至金黄15. steam vegetables 蒸蔬菜16. bake a cake 烤蛋糕17. grill meat 烤肉18. roast chicken 烤鸡19. peel potatoes 削土豆皮20. chop onions 切洋葱21. slice bread 切片面包22. grate cheese 磨碎奶酪23. whisk eggs 打蛋24. knead dough 揉面团25. marinate meat 腌制肉26. taste delicious 尝起来美味27. smell good 闻起来香28. look appetizing 看起来开胃29. feel hungry 感到饿30. have a sweet tooth 爱吃甜食31. watch one's diet 注意饮食32. count calories 计算卡路里33. go on a diet 节食34. eat out 外出就餐35. dine in 在餐厅用餐36. take out 外带37. fast food 快餐38. home cooking 家常菜39. local cuisine 地方菜40. international dishes 国际菜肴41. vegetarian food 素食42. spicy food 辛辣食物43. healthy eating 健康饮食44. balanced diet 均衡饮食45. food allergy 食物过敏46. table manners 餐桌礼仪47. pay the bill 付账三、重点句子1. 点餐与用餐1. Could I see the menu, please (请给我看一下菜单好吗?)2. I'd like to order...(我想点...)3. What do you recommend (有什么推荐的吗?)4. I'll have the same as him/her.(我要和他/她一样的。)5. Is this dish spicy/sweet/sour (这道菜辣/甜/酸吗?)6. Could I get some extra napkins (能多给我几张餐巾纸吗?)7. We're ready to order now.(我们现在可以点餐了。)8. Check, please.(买单。)2. 烹饪与准备9. First, peel and chop the vegetables.(首先,把蔬菜去皮切碎。)10. Heat the oil in a pan over medium heat.(用中火加热锅中的油。)11. Add the garlic and stir-fry until fragrant.(加入大蒜炒香。)12. Boil the water before adding the pasta.(煮开水后再放入意大利面。)13. Bake at 180°C for 30 minutes.(用180度烤30分钟。)14. Let the soup simmer for 20 minutes.(让汤炖20分钟。)15. Marinate the meat overnight for better flavor.(把肉腌制一晚会更入味。)3. 评价食物16. This tastes amazing!(这个太好吃了!)17. The steak is perfectly cooked.(牛排火候正好。)18. It's too salty/greasy for me.(对我来说太咸/油腻了。)19. The flavors are well-balanced.(味道很均衡。)20. This dish is a bit bland.(这道菜有点淡。)21. The dessert is too sweet for my taste.(这个甜点对我来说太甜了。)22. The texture is crispy on the outside and tender inside.(外酥里嫩的口感。)23. This soup warms me up instantly!(这汤喝下去浑身都暖和了!)24. The aroma makes my mouth water.(香味让我直流口水。)25. It's just like how my mom makes it!(就像我妈妈做的一样!)4. 饮食偏好与需求26. I'm vegetarian/vegan.(我是素食主义者/纯素食者。)27. Do you have any gluten-free options (你们有无麸质的选择吗?)28. I'm allergic to peanuts/seafood.(我对花生/海鲜过敏。)29. Could you make it less spicy (可以做得不那么辣吗?)30. I prefer mild flavors.(我更喜欢清淡的口味。)31. No MSG, please.(请不要加味精。)32. I'm trying to cut down on sugar.(我正在尝试减少糖分摄入。)5. 餐厅互动33. Is this dish suitable for sharing (这道菜适合分享吗?)34. Could we get separate checks (我们可以分开付款吗?)35. Excuse me, my order hasn't arrived yet.(打扰一下,我点的菜还没上。)36. This isn't what I ordered.(这不是我点的菜。)37. The food is taking longer than expected.(上菜比预期的时间要久。)38. Everything was delicious - compliments to the chef!(每道菜都很美味 - 向厨师致敬!)6. 健康与营养39. This meal is packed with nutrients.(这顿饭营养丰富。)40. I'm watching my calorie intake.(我在控制卡路里摄入。)41. Steamed dishes are healthier than fried ones.(蒸菜比油炸食品更健康。)42. Fresh ingredients make all the difference.(新鲜的食材真的不一样。)7. 文化相关43. This is a traditional dish from my hometown.(这是我家乡的传统菜肴。)44. Eating together strengthens family bonds.(一起吃饭能增进家人感情。)45. Food is an important part of our culture.(食物是我们文化的重要组成部分。)46. Would you like to try this local specialty (你想尝尝这个当地特色菜吗?)四、语法点本单元语法涉及what和how引导的感叹句。一)感叹句的定义感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)是用来表达强烈感情的句子,如惊讶、喜悦、愤怒、赞美等。句末必须用感叹号(!)。例句:What a beautiful day! (多美好的一天啊!)How clever you are! (你真聪明!)二)感叹句的基本结构英语感叹句主要有两种结构:What型和How型。1. What型感叹句结构:What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)!- 修饰名词,强调事物的性质或特征。例句:-可数名词单数 What a wonderful idea (this is)!-可数名词复数 What beautiful flowers (these are)!-不可数名词 What terrible weather (we're having)!- What a lovely cat (it is)! (多可爱的猫啊!)- What delicious food (this is)! (多美味的食物啊!)注意:- 可数名词单数前必须加a/an(What a nice book!)。- 不可数名词或复数名词不加a/an(What good weather! / What beautiful flowers!)。2. How型感叹句结构:How + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)!- 修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。例句:- How fast (he runs)! (他跑得多快啊!)- How interesting (the movie is)! (这部电影多有趣啊!)注意:- How不能直接修饰名词,必须搭配形容词或副词。- 如果修饰动词,结构为 How + 主语 + 谓语(How time flies! 时间飞逝!)。三)感叹句的特殊形式1. 省略主语和谓语(口语常用)- What a great idea! (多棒的主意!)- How amazing! (太神奇了!)2. 用"Such"或"So"加强语气- It's such a wonderful day! (真是美好的一天!)- The food was so delicious! (食物太美味了!)3. 否定疑问式感叹(表示强烈肯定)- Isn't she beautiful! (她真漂亮!)- Hasn't he grown tall! (他长得多高啊!)4. 单词或短语构成的感叹句- Fantastic! (太棒了!)- Oh my God! (天啊!)四)常见错误与纠正错误 正确 原因How a beautiful girl! What a beautiful girl! How不能直接修饰名词What a nice weather it is! What nice weather! 不可数名词不加a/anHow a big house! What a big house! What修饰名词,How修饰形容词/副词How cold is it! How cold it is! 感叹句用陈述语序,不是疑问语序五)感叹句的应答方式- What a great movie! → Yes, it’s fantastic!- How delicious! → I agree!六)总结| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 || What | What + (a/an) + adj + noun | What a beautiful flower! || How | How + adj/adv | How beautiful the flower is! || How | How + 主语 + 谓语 | How I love this song! || 省略 | What/How + 核心词 | What a mess! / How nice! |七)实战应用(食物主题)1. What型- What a tasty cake! (多美味的蛋糕啊!)- What an amazing chef! (多厉害的厨师啊!)2. How型- How sweet this dessert is! (这个甜点多甜啊!)- How quickly you ate! (你吃得好快啊!)3. 其他形式- Isn't this soup delicious! (这汤难道不好喝吗!)- Such a perfect meal! (多么完美的一餐!)Unit 6 Plan for Yourself重点单词1. plan /pl n/ (n./v.) 计划2. goal /ɡo l/ (n.) 目标3. target / tɑ rɡ t/ (n.) 靶子;目标4. schedule / sked u l/ (n.) 时间表5. timetable / ta mte bl/ (n.) 时刻表6. arrangement / re nd m nt/ (n.) 安排7. priority /pra r ti/ (n.) 优先事项8. task /t sk/ (n.) 任务9. assignment / sa nm nt/ (n.) 作业;分配的任务10. project / prɑ d ekt/ (n.) 项目11. deadline / dedla n/ (n.) 截止日期12. reminder /r ma nd r/ (n.) 提醒13. checklist / t ekl st/ (n.) 清单14. habit / h b t/ (n.) 习惯15. routine /ru ti n/ (n.) 常规16. discipline / d s pl n/ (n.) 纪律17. motivation / mo t ve n/ (n.) 动机18. ambition / m b n/ (n.) 雄心19. dream /dri m/ (n.) 梦想20. career /k r r/ (n.) 职业21. profession /pr fe n/ (n.) 职业22. skill /sk l/ (n.) 技能23. ability / b l ti/ (n.) 能力24. strength /stre θ/ (n.) 长处25. weakness / wi kn s/ (n.) 弱点26. improvement / m pru vm nt/ (n.) 改进27. progress / prɑ ɡres/ (n.) 进步28. achievement / t i vm nt/ (n.) 成就29. success /s k ses/ (n.) 成功30. failure / fe lj r/ (n.) 失败31. challenge / t l nd / (n.) 挑战32. opportunity / ɑ p r tu n ti/ (n.) 机会33. decision /d s n/ (n.) 决定34. choice /t s/ (n.) 选择35. option / ɑ p n/ (n.) 选项36. strategy / str t d i/ (n.) 策略37. method / meθ d/ (n.) 方法38. approach / pro t / (n.) 方法;途径39. solution /s lu n/ (n.) 解决方案40. resource / ri s rs/ (n.) 资源41. budget / b d t/ (n.) 预算42. expense / k spens/ (n.) 开支43. saving / se v / (n.) 储蓄44. investment / n vestm nt/ (n.) 投资45. risk /r sk/ (n.) 风险46. benefit / ben f t/ (n.) 利益47. advantage / d v nt d / (n.) 优势48. disadvantage / d s d v nt d / (n.) 劣势49. balance / b l ns/ (n.) 平衡50. time management / ta m m n d m nt/ (n.) 时间管理51. organize / rɡ na z/ (v.) 组织52. prepare /pr per/ (v.) 准备53. achieve / t i v/ (v.) 实现54. succeed /s k si d/ (v.) 成功55. fail /fe l/ (v.) 失败56. manage / m n d / (v.) 管理57. develop /d vel p/ (v.) 发展58. evaluate / v ljue t/ (v.) 评估二、主要短语1. set a goal 设定目标2. make a plan 制定计划3. achieve success 取得成功4. reach a target 达成目标5. meet a deadline 按时完成6. create a schedule 创建时间表7. follow a routine 遵循常规8. develop a habit 养成习惯9. improve skills 提升技能10. manage time 管理时间11. prioritize tasks 任务排序12. make progress 取得进步13. face challenges 面对挑战14. seize opportunities 抓住机会15. make a decision 做决定16. weigh options 权衡选择17. consider pros and cons 考虑利弊18. take action 采取行动19. put into practice 付诸实践20. track progress 跟踪进度21. stay motivated 保持动力22. overcome obstacles 克服障碍23. learn from failure 从失败中学习24. celebrate achievements 庆祝成就25. adjust plans 调整计划26. set priorities 设定优先级27. balance work and life 平衡工作与生活28. save money 存钱29. stick to a budget 坚持预算30. cut expenses 削减开支31. invest wisely 明智投资32. take risks 承担风险33. gain experience 获得经验34. build a career 建立职业生涯35. pursue dreams 追求梦想36. develop professionally 专业发展37. enhance abilities 提升能力38. seek advice 寻求建议39. ask for feedback 征求反馈40. work efficiently 高效工作41. stay organized 保持条理42. evaluate performance 评估表现43. reflect on progress 反思进展三、重点句型句子一)目标设定1. My short-term goal is to...(我的短期目标是...)My short-term goal is to improve my English speaking skills.2. I aim to achieve... by...(我计划在...之前完成...)I aim to achieve fluency in Spanish by next year.3. Setting realistic goals is essential for...(设定现实的目标对...至关重要)Setting realistic goals is essential for personal growth.4. Breaking down big goals into smaller tasks helps...(把大目标分解成小任务有助于...)Breaking down big goals into smaller tasks helps me stay motivated.二)时间管理5. I schedule my day using...(我用...来安排日程)I schedule my day using a digital planner.6. Prioritizing tasks ensures that...(任务排序能确保...)Prioritizing tasks ensures that I finish the most important ones first.7. Avoiding procrastination is key to...(避免拖延是...的关键)Avoiding procrastination is key to meeting deadlines.8. I allocate 30 minutes daily to...(我每天留出30分钟用于...)I allocate 30 minutes daily to reading professional articles.三)习惯养成9. Developing a habit takes approximately...(养成一个习惯大约需要...)Developing a habit takes approximately 21 days.10. I track my progress by...(我通过...来追踪进度)I track my progress by keeping a journal.11. Consistency is more important than...(坚持比...更重要)Consistency is more important than intensity when building habits.12. Rewarding myself after completing tasks motivates me to...(完成任务后奖励自己可以激励我...)Rewarding myself after completing tasks motivates me to keep going.四)职业规划13. I'm working towards becoming a...(我正在努力成为...)I'm working towards becoming a certified project manager.working with professionals in my field helps...(与同领域的专业人士建立联系有助于...)Networking with professionals in my field helps me learn industry trends.15. I update my resume every...(我每...更新一次简历)I update my resume every six months.16. Attending workshops enhances my...(参加研讨会能提升我的...)Attending workshops enhances my technical skills.五)财务管理17. I save 20% of my income for...(我把收入的20%存起来用于...)I save 20% of my income for future investments.18. Creating a monthly budget prevents...(制定月度预算能避免...)Creating a monthly budget prevents unnecessary spending.19. Investing in... yields long-term benefits.(投资...能带来长期收益)Investing in education yields long-term benefits.20. I compare prices before purchasing to...(我在购买前比价是为了...)I compare prices before purchasing to save money.六)自我提升21. Reading books on... expands my knowledge of...(阅读...方面的书籍能拓展我对...的认知)Reading books on psychology expands my knowledge of human behavior.22. I dedicate weekends to...(我把周末时间用于...)I dedicate weekends to learning graphic design.23. Feedback from mentors helps me identify...(导师的反馈帮我发现...)Feedback from mentors helps me identify areas for improvement.24. Practicing... daily improves my...(每天练习...能提升我的...)Practicing presentation skills daily improves my confidence.七)问题解决25. When facing obstacles, I...(遇到困难时,我会...)When facing obstacles, I brainstorm multiple solutions.26. Analyzing past mistakes teaches me...(分析过去的错误让我学会...)Analyzing past mistakes teaches me how to avoid similar issues.27. I seek advice from... when...(当...时,我会向...寻求建议)I seek advice from senior colleagues when tackling complex projects.28. Breaking problems into steps makes them...(把问题分解成步骤能让它们...)Breaking problems into steps makes them easier to solve.八)反思与调整29. Reviewing my progress weekly helps...(每周回顾进展有助于...)Reviewing my progress weekly helps me adjust my strategies.30. If a plan isn't working, I...(如果计划行不通,我会...)If a plan isn't working, I modify it instead of giving up.31. Journaling allows me to...(写日记让我能够...)Journaling allows me to reflect on my daily experiences.32. I measure success by...(我用...来衡量成功)I measure success by personal growth, not just outcomes.九)激励与坚持33. Visualizing my goals keeps me...(想象我的目标能让我保持...)Visualizing my goals keeps me focused.34. I motivate myself by...(我通过...来激励自己)I motivate myself by listing the benefits of completing tasks.35. Surrounding myself with motivated people encourages...(和积极的人在一起能激励...)Surrounding myself with motivated people encourages me to work harder.36. Celebrating small wins boosts...(庆祝小胜利能提升...)Celebrating small wins boosts my morale.十)将来打算37. In five years, I hope to...(五年后,我希望...)In five years, I hope to start my own business.38. Continuous learning ensures...(持续学习能确保...)Continuous learning ensures career adaptability.39. I adapt my plans based on...(我会根据...调整计划)I adapt my plans based on changing circumstances.40. Success means... to me.(对我来说,成功意味着...)Success means achieving balance between work and personal life to me.四、语法点本单元及下一单元(Unit 7)语法主要是一般将来时,在此一起总结下。一)定义一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用(如 tomorrow, next week, in 2030 等)。二)基本结构一般将来时有两种主要表达方式:will + 动词原形(适用于所有主语)shall +动词原形(仅限第一人称I,we)be going to + 动词原形肯定式 否定式 疑问式I (We) shall / will go there I (We ) shall / will not go there Shall I (we) go there You (He, She, They) will go there You (He, She, They) will not go there Will you (he, she, they) go there 结构 例句(肯定句) 例句(否定句) 例句(疑问句)Will She will call you later. She will not (won't) call. Will she call you later shall I (We) shall / will go there I (We ) shall / will not go there Shall I (we) go there be going to I am going to travel. I'm not going to travel. Are you going to travel 三)will 和 be going to 的区别用法 will be going to临时决定 I'll answer the phone. 事先计划 We're going to Paris next month.客观预测(无证据) Robots will replace some jobs. 主观预测(有迹象) Look at the clouds! It's going to rain.承诺/意愿 I'll help you with the bags. 四)常见时间状语soon(很快)tomorrow(明天)next week/month/year(下周/下月/明年)in 2030(在2030年)in the future(将来)later(稍后)例句:The meeting will start in 10 minutes.They are going to move to Canada next year.五)其他将来时表达方式现在进行时表将来(已确定的安排)We are flying to Tokyo on Friday.(机票已订)一般现在时表将来(按时刻表/计划必然发生)The train leaves at 7:00 AM tomorrow.六)总结用法 结构 例句临时决定/承诺 will + 动词原形 I'll pay for dinner.事先计划 be going to + 动词 She's going to buy a car.客观预测 will AI will change the world.有迹象的预测 be going to He's going to fall!七)实战练习我明天要去理发。→ I am going to get a haircut tomorrow.(计划)门铃响了,我去开门!→ The doorbell rings! I will answer it!(临时决定)看那些乌云!要下雨了。→ Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain.(有迹象的预测)Unit 7 When Tomorrow Comes一、重点单词1. 时间与未来1. future / fju t r/ (n.) 未来2. tomorrow /t mɑ ro / (n./adv.) 明天3. soon /su n/ (adv.) 不久4. later / le t r/ (adv.) 稍后5. eventually / vent u li/ (adv.) 最终6. someday / s mde / (adv.) 某天7. decade / deke d/ (n.) 十年8. century / sent ri/ (n.) 世纪9. generation / d en re n/ (n.) 一代人10. timeline / ta mla n/ (n.) 时间线2. 预测与可能性11. predict /pr d kt/ (v.) 预测12. forecast / f rk st/ (n./v.) 预报13. possibility / pɑ s b l ti/ (n.) 可能性14. probability / prɑ b b l ti/ (n.) 概率15. certain / s rtn/ (adj.) 确定的16. uncertain / n s rtn/ (adj.) 不确定的17. likely / la kli/ (adj.) 可能的18. unlikely / n la kli/ (adj.) 不太可能的3. 科技与创新19. technology /tek nɑ l d i/ (n.) 技术20. innovation / n ve n/ (n.) 创新21. robot / ro bɑ t/ (n.) 机器人22. AI (Artificial Intelligence) 人工智能23. virtual / v rt u l/ (adj.) 虚拟的24. automation / t me n/ (n.) 自动化25. invent / n vent/ (v.) 发明26. discover /d sk v r/ (v.) 发现4. 环境与可持续发展27. environment / n va r nm nt/ (n.) 环境28. sustainable /s ste n bl/ (adj.) 可持续的29. renewable /r nu bl/ (adj.) 可再生的30. climate / kla m t/ (n.) 气候31. pollution /p lu n/ (n.) 污染32. recycle / ri sa kl/ (v.) 回收利用33. conserve /k n s rv/ (v.) 保护34. extinct / k st kt/ (adj.) 灭绝的5. 社会变化35. population / pɑ pju le n/ (n.) 人口36. urban / rb n/ (adj.) 城市的37. globalization / ɡlo b l ze n/ (n.) 全球化38. diversity /da v rs ti/ (n.) 多样性39. equality /i kwɑ l ti/ (n.) 平等40. poverty / pɑ v rti/ (n.) 贫困6. 个人与职业41. career /k r r/ (n.) 职业42. ambition / m b n/ (n.) 雄心43. retire /r ta r/ (v.) 退休44. salary / s l ri/ (n.) 薪水45. promotion /pr mo n/ (n.) 晋升46. freelance / fri l ns/ (adj.) 自由职业的7. 健康与生活方式47. longevity /lɑ n d ev ti/ (n.) 长寿48. wellness / weln s/ (n.) 健康49. vaccine / v ksi n/ (n.) 疫苗50. genetic /d net k/ (adj.) 基因的51. organic / r ɡ n k/ (adj.) 有机的52. meditation / med te n/ (n.) 冥想8. 教育与技能53. degree /d ɡri / (n.) 学位54. online / ɑ nla n/ (adj.) 在线的55. bilingual / ba l ɡw l/ (adj.) 双语的56. critical thinking 批判性思维9. 其他关键词57. colonize / kɑ l na z/ (v.) 殖民(火星等)58. cybersecurity / sa b rs kj r ti/ (n.) 网络安全59. nanotechnology / n no tek nɑ l d i/ (n.) 纳米技术60. utopia /ju to pi / (n.) 乌托邦61. dystopia /d s to pi / (n.) 反乌托邦62. adapt / d pt/ (v.) 适应63. thrive /θra v/ (v.) 蓬勃发展二、主要短语一)未来预测与可能性1. predict the future 预测未来2. make forecasts 做出预测3. in the near future 在不久的将来4. in the long run 长期来看5. there's a chance that... 有可能...6. it's likely/unlikely that... 很可能/不太可能...7. come true (梦想)实现8. shape the future 塑造未来二)科技与创新9. develop new technologies 研发新技术10. replace human labor 取代人力11. go viral (信息)病毒式传播12. breakthrough in science 科学突破13. digital transformation 数字化转型14. automate processes 流程自动化15. virtual reality 虚拟现实16. ethical concerns 伦理问题三)环境与可持续发展bat climate change 应对气候变化18. reduce carbon footprint 减少碳足迹19. switch to renewables 转向可再生能源20. go green 环保行动21. endangered species 濒危物种22. eco-friendly solutions 环保解决方案23. run out of resources 资源枯竭四 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览