资源简介

2025 秋译林英语八上
Unit 1 Friendship 讲义
一、知识梳理
（一）词汇
1. 重点单词
helpful：adj. 乐于助人的，如：She is a helpful girl.（她是个乐于助人的女孩。）
honest：adj. 诚实的，be honest with sb.（对某人诚实） 。例如：An honest person always tells the truth.（诚实的人总是说实话。）
cheerful：adj. 快乐的，a cheerful smile（灿烂的笑容） 。
humorous：adj. 幽默的，a humorous story（幽默的故事） 。
caring：adj. 体贴人的，a caring friend（体贴的朋友） 。
trustworthy：adj. 值得信赖的，trustworthy friends（值得信赖的朋友） 。
patient：adj. 有耐心的，be patient with sb.（对某人有耐心） 。
energetic：adj. 精力充沛的，an energetic boy（精力充沛的男孩） 。
2. 后缀构词
-ful：表示 “充满… … 的” ，如 care - careful（小心的） ，help - helpful（有帮助 的） ，use - useful（有用的） 。
-less：表示 “ 没有… … 的” ，如 care - careless（粗心的） ，help - helpless（无 助的） ，use - useless（无用的） 。
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第 1 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
（二）句型
1. 比较级和最高级
1. 比较级：用于两者比较，结构为 “形容词比较级 + than” 。例如：Betty's hair is longer than mine.（贝蒂的头发比我的长。）
2. 最高级：用于三者或三者以上比较，结构为 “the + 形容词最高级” 。例 如：Max is the tallest boy in our class.（马克斯是我们班最高的男孩。）
3. 变化规则
一般情况：单音节词和部分双音节词，在词尾加 -er 构成比较级，加 -est 构成最 高级 。如：long - longer - longest ，small - smaller - smallest 。
以 -e 结尾的词：加 -r 构成比较级，加 -st 构成最高级 。如：nice - nicer - nicest ，
fine - finer - finest 。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的词：变 y 为 i ，再加 -er 和 -est 。如：tidy - tidier - tidiest ，pretty - prettier - prettiest 。
重读闭音节词：双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er 和 -est 。如：big - bigger - biggest ，
slim - slimmer - slimmest 。
多音节词和部分双音节词：在词前加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级 。 如：beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful ，wonderful - more wonderful -
most wonderful 。
不规则变化：good - better - best ，bad - worse - worst 。
第 2 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
2. What do you think... ：用于询问对方对某事的看法 。例如：What do you think makes good friends （你认为什么造就了好朋友？）
（三）课文内容
1. Welcome to the unit：讨论好朋友应具备的品质，如善良、诚实、幽默等 。
2. Reading：介绍了贝蒂和马克斯两位好朋友，贝蒂善良、乐于助人、值得信赖且 有耐心；马克斯幽默、精力充沛、乐观，还能鼓励他人 。
3. Integration：通过故事和讨论，学习交友和与朋友相处的方法，如加入俱乐部、 主动与人交谈、做一个好的倾听者等 。
二、考点聚焦
（一）词汇运用
1. 根据语境填单词：给出描述朋友品质或外貌的句子，让学生填写相应单词 。例 如：My friend is very h____. He always tells the truth.（答案：honest）
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空：考查后缀构词和形容词比较级、最高级的变化 。例 如：This book is ____ (interesting) than that one.（答案：more interesting）
（二）句型转换
1. 比较级和最高级转换：如：Betty is the most helpful person in our class.（改为 同义句） → Betty is more helpful than any other person in our class.
2. 对观点提问：针对 “What do you think... ” 句型进行提问和回答的考查 。
（三）阅读理解
1. 细节理解：根据介绍贝蒂和马克斯的文章，考查学生对他们品质、外貌等细节 的理解 。
第 3 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
2. 推理判断：通过文章内容，让学生推断作者对友谊的看法或从故事中能学到什 么 。
（四）写作
以 “ My Best Friend” 为题，要求学生运用所学词汇和句型，描述朋友的外貌、性 格和品质，以及与朋友相处的经历 。
三、解题技巧
（一）词汇题
1. 理解语境：认真阅读句子，理解句子含义和所缺单词的词性、词义 。
2. 注意词形变化：填写后缀构词时，注意单词拼写；填写比较级和最高级时，遵 循变化规则 。
（二）句型转换题
1. 比较级和最高级转换技巧：比较级变最高级时，注意 “any other + 单数名词” 结 构的运用；最高级变比较级时，去掉 the，加上 than 和相应的比较对象 。
2. 观点提问回答技巧：明确问题是询问看法，回答时要清晰表达自己的观点，可 参考课文中的描述 。
（三）阅读理解题
1. 细节题：在文章中找到与题目相关的句子，仔细对比信息，注意关键词的替换 。
2. 推理题：结合文章主旨和具体内容进行推理，不能主观臆断 。
（四）写作题
1. 构思框架：按照 “介绍朋友 - 描述外貌 - 阐述性格和品质 - 讲述相处经历 - 总结感受” 的结构进行写作 。
2. 运用词汇和句型：使用课文中学到的描述朋友的词汇和比较级、最高级句型， 增加文章亮点 。
第 4 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
四、课后练习
（一）词汇拼写
1. A good friend should be h_____. We can trust what they say.
2. My deskmate is very c_____. She always comes up with good ideas.
3. It's important to be p_____ when others are speaking.
4. Max is so e_____ that he can play basketball for hours without getting tired.
5. Betty is a t_____ friend. You can share your secrets with her.
6. A h_____ person is always ready to give a hand.
7. My friend has a great s_____ of humour and can make me laugh all the time.
8. My best friend is very c_____. She often remembers my birthday and gives me surprises.
9. It's not right to be r_____ to others. We should be polite.
10. A good friend will always s_____ by your side in times of trouble.
答案：1. honest 2. clever 3. patient 4. energetic 5. trustworthy 6. helpful 7. sense 8. caring 9.
rude 10. stand
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
1. This book is _____ (interesting) than that one.
2. He is the _____ (tall) boy in our school.
第 5 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
3. My mother is _____ (patient) than my father.
4. Among all the students, Lucy is the _____ (good) at math.
5. The weather today is much _____ (hot) than yesterday.
6. Which city is _____ (beautiful), Beijing or Shanghai
7. This story is _____ (funny) than the one I read last week.
8. My sister is _____ (outgoing) than me.
9. Who is the _____ (thin) girl in your class
10. The movie is _____ (boring) than I thought.
答案 ：1. more interesting 2. tallest 3. more patient 4. best 5. hotter 6. more beautiful 7. funnier 8. more outgoing 9. thinnest 10. more boring
（三）句型转换
1. Simon is the tallest boy in his class.（改为同义句） Simon is ____ ____ any other boy in his class.
2. What do you think of the film （改为同义句） ____ do you ____ the film
3. Lily is taller than Lucy.（改为一般疑问句） ____ Lily ____ than Lucy
4. This book is more interesting than that one.（改为否定句） This book ____ ____ more interesting than that one.
第 6 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
5. The red dress is the most expensive in the shop.（对划线部分提问） ____ ____ is the most expensive in the shop
6. My mother is busier than my father.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —____ your mother ____ than your father
—Yes, ____ ____.
7. He runs faster than his brother.（改为同义句）
His brother runs ____ ____ than him.
8. She is the best singer in our school.（改为同义句） She sings ____ ____ any other singer in our school.
9. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（对划线部分提问） ____ the weather ____ in Beijing
10. My bag is heavier than yours.（改为一般疑问句） ____ ____ bag heavier than ____
答案：1. taller than 2. How; like 3. Is; taller 4. is not 5. Which dress 6. Is; busier; she is 7. more slowly 8. better than 9. What's; like 10. Is your; mine
（四）阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B 、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
My name is Sam. I have a best friend called Tom. We met each other five years ago when we were in the same primary school.
Tom is a tall and thin boy with short black hair. He has a round face and big eyes. He
第 7 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
always wears a pair of glasses, which makes him look very clever.
One of the best things about Tom is that he is extremely helpful. Last month, I lost my schoolbag on the way home. I was very worried because there were many important things in it, like my textbooks and my wallet. When Tom knew about it, he spent two hours helping me look for it. Finally, we found it under a bench in the park.
Tom is also very humorous. He often tells funny jokes to make me laugh. Whenever I'm sad or bored, he can always come up with something interesting to say. For example, he once told me a joke about a talking dog. It was so funny that I couldn't stop laughing.
In addition, Tom is very hard - working. He always does well in his studies and often helps me with my homework. He likes reading books and he knows a lot about different subjects. I really admire his knowledge.
I'm so lucky to have a friend like Tom. He is not only my best friend but also a role model for me. I hope our friendship will last forever.
1. When did Sam and Tom become friends
A. Two years ago. B. Three years ago.
C. Five years ago. D. Six years ago.
2. What does Tom look like
A. He is short and fat with long hair.
B. He is tall and thin with short black hair.
第 8 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
C. He has a square face and small eyes.
D. He doesn't wear glasses.
3. Why was Sam worried last month
A. He lost his schoolbag. B. He failed in an exam.
C. He had a fight with Tom. D. He couldn't find his textbook.
4. Which of the following is TRUE about Tom
A. He never helps others.
B. He doesn't like reading books.
C. He is humorous and hard - working.
D. He is not good at his studies.
5. What's the best title for this passage
A. My School Life B. A Lost Schoolbag
C. My Best Friend - Tom D. How to Make Friends
答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C
（五）写作
以 “ My Best Friend” 为题，写一篇短文，不少于 80 词 。
参考范文：
My Best Friend
My best friend is Tom. I first met him three years ago at school.
Tom is taller than me. He has short brown hair and a big nose. He looks very handsome.
第 9 页 共 10 页
2025 秋译林英语八上
Tom is very friendly and helpful. He always helps his classmates with their problems.
He is also hard - working. He studies well and often gets good grades. Besides, he is humorous. He can always tell funny stories and make us laugh.
I like Tom very much. I'm glad to have such a good friend. I hope our friendship will last forever.
第 10 页 共 10 页

展开更多......

收起↑