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译林版（2024）八年级上册英语 Unit2单元语法知识点 讲义
数量的比较
我们常用more ... than和fewer/less ... than对人或事物的数量进行比较,表示“比……多”和“比……少”。注意：被比较的双方必须是同类事物或人。如:
He has more books than me. 他的书比我多。
Tom is in fewer clubs than Jack.汤姆参加的俱乐部比杰克少。
The tea culture in China has a long history. We drink less coffee than tea.中国的茶文化历史悠久,我们喝咖啡不如喝茶多。
注意:表示“比……多"时,无论可数或不可数名词都用more修饰;而表示“比……少”时,可数名词用fewer修饰,不可数名词用 less修饰。
我们常用 the most 和the fewest/least对人或事物的数量进行比较,表示“最多”和“最少"。注意：被比较的双方必须是同类事物或人。如:
Simon drinks the most milk.西蒙喝的牛奶最多。
She can sing the fewest songs in our class. 我们班里她会唱的歌最少。
He finishes the least work of us three. 我们三个人里,他完成的工作最少。
注意:表示“最多”时,无论可数或不可数名词都用most修饰,而表示“最少”时,可数名词用fewest修饰,不可数名词用least修饰。
as ... as的用法
当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同吋,常用as ... as 或not as ... as 结构,表示"和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如:
Mary is as careful as Linda.玛丽和琳达一样仔细。
He does not run as fast as Tom.他跑步没有汤姆快。
注意: 1. as ... as 或 not as ... as 属同级比较, 在此结构中, 要使用形容词或副词原级。
2.在否定结构中,"A is not as ... as B"意思是“A不如B……”。如:
This book is not as interesting as that one. 这本书不如那本有趣。
= This book is less interesting than that one.
= That book is more interesting than this one.
在同级比较的否定句中,我们也可以使用not so ... as结构。如:
This desk is not so heavy as that one.这张桌子不如那张重。
= This desk is not as heavy as that one.
= This desk is lighter than that one.
当我们对事物进行比较时,要注意被比较的双方必须是同类事物。如:
Her book is as thick as me.(x)
Her book is as thick as mine. (√)
拓展：
1.修饰原级常用词：very, quite, so, much too, too, as…as；如：
quite a + 形容词+ 名词= a + very / rather +形容词+名词
一个相当不错的女孩quite a good girl=a very / rather good girl
2.形容词原级常用句型:
so+ 形容词原级+that从句：
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
too+形容词原级+ to do sth.： He is too young to join the army.
形容词原级+ enough to do sth.： He is not old enough to go to school.
It’s adj. to do sth.// It’s adj. for sb. (not) to do sth. //It’s adj. of sb. (not) to do sth.；如：
It’s exciting to watch the games.//It is boring for Amy to go fishing. //It’s rude of him to shout at the elderly.
3.倍数/半数/… + as…as…; 如：
Her bedroom is twice as big as mine.
Her bedroom is half as big as mine.
巩固练习：
根据句意，用所括号内所给词的正确形式填空：
1.During the rainy season, there's much __________(much) rain in Bangladesh than in many other parts of the world.
2.Our school is small, so we have __________(few) students and __________(small) classes than most schools.
3.It is __________(great) to be creative and it helps us study __________(well) in other subjects.
4.Japan is one of the countries with __________(many) earthquakes in the world.
5.Our science teacher is as __________ (excited) as us.
6.Linlin's school has __________ students in each class than Tomoya's school. Nancy's school has __________ students. (few)
7.Linlin's school has __________ break time than Tomoya's school. Nancy's school has __________ break time. (little)
8.Linlin's school has __________ break time than Nancy's school. Tomoya's school has __________ break time. (much)
9.Our classes are not as __________(big) as the ones here, and we have __________(few) students in each class.
10.Moreover, we need __________(many) computers in the library so that it is __________(easy) for us to search online.
11.Jerry’s cough was so__________(bad) that he couldn’t speak.
12.Alice was too _________(afraid) to tell him she was not Mary Ann, a servant.
13.The fish held out a letter as _______(big) as itself and gave it to the Frog.
14.“It was not_________(polite) of you to sit down without being invited.” the Hare said.
15.Soon, she was __________(small) enough to go through the door into the garden.
二、同义句转换：
1.Nancy's school is not as big as Tomoya's.
=Nancy's school is __________ ____________ Tomoya's.
= Tomoya's school is __________ ___________ Nancy's.
2.Tomoya's summer holiday is not as long as Nancy's.
= Tomoya's summer holiday is __________ ___________ Nancy's.
= Nancy's summer holiday is __________ ___________ Tomoya's.
3. My school is not as old as her school.
= My school is __________ ___________ her school.
= Her school is __________ ___________ my school.
4.Nancy's school has more weeks off for the summer holiday than Tomoya's school.
=Tomoya's school has __________ weeks off for the summer holiday than Nancy's school.
5. Linlin's school has more break time than Nancy's school.
= Nancy's school has __________ break time than Linlin's school.
答案：
根据句意，用所括号内所给词的正确形式填空：
1.more; 2.fewer; smaller; 3.great; better; 4.the most; 5.excited; 6.fewer; the fewest;
7.less; the least; 8.more; the most; 9.big; fewer; 10.more; easier; 11.bad; 12.afraid;
13.big; 14.polite; 15.small;
二、同义句转换：
1. =Nancy's school is smaller than Tomoya's.
= Tomoya's school is bigger than Nancy's.
2. = Tomoya's summer holiday is shorter than Nancy's.
= Nancy's summer holiday is longer than Tomoya's.
3. = My school is newer than her school.
= Her school is older than my school.
4. =Tomoya's school has fewer weeks off for the summer holiday than Nancy's school.
5. = Nancy's school has less break time than Linlin's school.

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