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从近三年的高考作文题分析命题趋势
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 主题语境内容
2025 新高考Ⅰ卷 建议信 学校生活 从给出的两个栏目做出选择并说明理由
2024 新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷 告知信 学校生活 介绍美术课的个人作品和感想
2023 新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷 建议信 学校生活 给外教提建议
一、主题内容：聚焦校园生活，拓展多元视角
2023 - 2025 年高考英语作文主题紧密围绕校园生活，但展现多元视角。2023 年建议信要求学生给外教提建议，涉及教学活动优化等内容，侧重学生对校园教学的主动思考与反馈。2024 年告知信聚焦美术课个人作品及感想，关注学生艺术素养、个性发展，引导学生表达对校园文化活动的体验。2025 年建议信以班级英语报增设栏目为情境，要求从两个选项中抉择并说明理由，既考查学生对校园媒体建设的思考，又引导其权衡不同活动板块的价值，三者均以校园生活为核心，从教学优化、个人成长到文化活动建设，逐步拓展校园生活内涵。
《新课标》中对应用文写作的六个考核点全部覆盖，但是侧重于描述人或事、阐述观点和表达情感态度，这是与着重培养学生思维品质分不开的。其次，热点话题非考查重点。近三年不同类型的试题考查内容并非当年的热点话题，而是着重于学生德智体美劳的培养，着重于培养学生“用英语做事”的能力。此外，体裁考查较为稳定。近三年的体裁基本稳定在投稿、报道、邀请信和电子邮件，尤其是投稿和报道居多，考生的写作对象就更为宽泛。最后，凸显情境化、实用化。所有考题都设置了真实的情境，考查学生在不同情境下使用语言的得体性。近三年的全国Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷尤其注重考查学生解决在校的实际问题。
二、命题导向：素养培育为核，提升综合能力
2023 - 2025 年高考英语作文命题坚持立德树人根本任务，以培育学生核心素养为导向。2023 年建议信考查学生对教学活动的思考与反馈能力，引导其积极参与校园教学优化。2024 年告知信关注学生艺术素养和创造力，鼓励其分享个人艺术体验，提升审美与表达能力。2025 年建议信则要求学生权衡栏目价值，锻炼批判性思维与决策能力，同时激发学生对校园文化建设的思考。这种命题导向强调学生素养的全面培育，使其在掌握英语知识与技能的基础上，具备批判性思维、创造力和文化意识等综合素养，以适应未来社会需求。
高考英语应用文写作是考查学生综合语言运用能力的重要部分，尤其是全国卷1的命题趋势，越来越注重对学生核心素养的考查。以下是针对历年高考英语全国卷1应用文写作的备考建议，从作文话题选材和不同体裁的高效训练两个方面展开。
一、应用文写作的话题选材
（一）紧扣高考评价体系的核心目标
高考评价体系强调“立德树人”的根本任务，要求作文话题选材体现德育、智育、体育、美育和劳动教育的主题。例如，2024年1月浙江卷的应用文写作要求学生向校报推荐一项课间运动，这不仅考查了学生对体育运动的了解，还引导他们关注健康生活，体现了体育教育的主题。在备考中，教师应引导学生关注这些主题，通过写作任务让学生在语言表达中体现正确的价值观。
（二）贴合学生学习生活的真实情境
历年高考英语全国卷1的写作题目常常结合学生的真实生活情境，要求学生在中西方文化交际背景下完成写作。比如2019年全国卷III要求学生写一封邮件邀请英国朋友参加学校音乐节，这不仅考查了学生撰写邀请信的能力，还要求他们考虑到跨文化交流的因素，体现出对不同文化的理解和尊重。教师在备考时可以设计类似的情境写作任务，让学生在真实情境中锻炼写作能力。
二)不同体裁的高效训练
一）全方位多体裁的应用文写作教学
全国卷1的写作题型多样，包括书信、通知、报道、发言稿等。教师在日常教学中不能只局限于书信体的训练，而应设计同一话题不同体裁的写作任务，优化作文课堂教学。例如，可以围绕“环境保护”这一主题，分别设计书信、倡议书、演讲稿等不同体裁的写作练习，让学生在不同体裁中灵活运用语言，提升写作能力。
二）注重写作技巧的指导
在备考过程中，教师需要对学生进行写作技巧的指导。例如，指导学生如何使用高级词汇和复杂句型来提升文章质量，如何通过信号词使文章逻辑清晰。同时，教师还应引导学生关注写作格式的规范性，如书信的格式、通知的结构等。通过这些技巧的训练，学生可以在有限的时间内写出高质量的作文。
三）强化思维训练
高考应用文写作的开放性越来越强，要求学生具备较强的思维能力。教师可以通过设计开放性写作任务，如让学生写一篇关于“失败的教训”的短文，来培养学生的思维品质和价值观念。这种训练不仅有助于学生应对高考写作，还能提升他们的综合素质。
1.邀请信
邀请信多为宴会，比赛，展览等活动的邀请信件，要求叙事清楚明白。其主要包含三个方面的内容：1. 表明意图，即邀请对方参加活动以及邀请对方的原因；2. 介绍活动的相关具体内容；3. 期待对方接受邀请
1. 开篇表明写信目的及原因
1)As a student who admires you, I am writing this letter to invite you to go to … on ….
2)Hearing that my school is scheduled to hold a …, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in this event.
3)Knowing that you have a fancy for / you are keen on …, I would like to invite you to come to … (活动), (which … / whose theme is …) (如有需要，后面可用定语从句对活动进行补充说明)
4)On behalf of …, I ‘m writing to invite you to be a judge at our …
5)I’m more than delighted to write to sincerely invite you to …
…
2. 说明活动的时间，地点以及内容等信息
1)This … will take place /will be held / started + 时间 + 地点, (which will last about …)
2)The … will celebrate + 活动 + 地点 + 日期 (and it is expected to last from … to …)
3)… will fall on January 8th, and that day is next Wednesday when you can come to …
4)During the visit, we will learn abundant information about …
5)We’ll be having a … after which we are to …
6)What’s more, we will have a chance to appreciate …, which is a very good chance to … (获得的好处或能学习到的内容).
7)This activity is greatly important /of great importance, through which you can know more about … (与活动相关的内容)
8)Various activities are available in adding flavor to the … Everything will overflow with happiness then.
9)I believe it will be an enjoyable experience for you to learn … And I bet you will be impressed by …
10)it would be a great pleasure for me to keep you company.
…
3. 最后表达期待
1)I will be grateful if you take my invitation seriously.
2)I know you’re interested in … , so why not join us and have a good time
3)I strongly hope you can have a try and the … will never disappoint you.
4)(I sincerely hope you can spare some time and) I would appreciate it if you could accept my invitation. (Thank you in advance and wish you all the best.)
5)I would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.
6)I hope you will accept my invitation if it is convenient for you.
7)Should you go (如果你去的话), I will book a ticket for you in advance / I will pick you up at …
8)Will you be available during that time Please contact me at … at your earliest convenience.
…
2.申请信
申请信用于向单位或组织提出请求或申请。申请信语气要诚挚友好，其写作步骤为：1. 介绍自己，简要说明信息来源并提出申请；2. 突出自己的特点，具体说明胜任的理由；3. 请求给予机会，期望尽快回复。
1.首段介绍及提出申请
1)Hearing you are looking for volunteers for the coming …, I can’t wait to write to apply to be a volunteer.
2)I’m more than happy to learn from … (信息来源) that … And I’m anxious for the chance.
3)I’m glad to see your advertisement on the internet. Willing to be …, I’m writing to apply for the position.
4)Knowing from … that you are recruiting …, I’m writing to apply for the very position.
5)I am writing to apply to join in your …, as the idea is appealing to me.
…
2.说明自己的优势或能胜任的理由
1)I am sure I can be a qualified member.
2)Equipped with …, I have enough confidence in applying for the position.
3)I believe I am equal to the job. Not only can I …, but I also have ample faith in my competence in …, (which may be a satisfying advantage over others.)
4)I am familiar with computer operation and office software, which can help me do / enable me to do the office work very well.
5)I have been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English / I can speak English with great fluency / my oral English is good enough to communicate with foreigners fluently.
6)I have a good knowledge of … Apart from that, I am an expert at …
7)For one thing, I do well in … For another, I took part in many … in which I performed well and gained rich experience.
8)My interest and skill in …contributes to my application for a volunteer.
9)Having been learning for …, I have a good command of …
10)I have participated in several similar activities, which equipped me with relevant experience / skills.
11)Therefore, I think / an convinced I’m qualified to serve in the …
…
3.请求给予机会
1)I would greatly appreciate it if you could offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. / my application could meet with your approval.
2)I would be very grateful / obliged if you could send me more information about the post available.
3)Would you please send me the necessary application forms and any further details about …
4)I sincerely hope that my application could be considered.
5)I really want to obtain this precious opportunity.
6)Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
7)If you require more information, please feel free to contact me.
8)If I am accepted, I will act as a bridge between … and spare no efforts to …
9)With the experience I’ve accumulated, I am confident to live up to your expectations.
…
3.求助信
求助信是当个人遇到一些自己无法解决的问题或困难时向别人请求帮助的一种书信，内容通常包括：1. 表明写信目的，请求帮助；2. 清晰陈述请求帮助的内容；3. 希望得到帮助，并向收信人表示感谢。
1.简单自我介绍；表明写信目的
1)I’m writing this letter to ask you to do me a favor / give me a hand.
2)Sorry to bother you but I really get some trouble / problems recently.
3)Faced with / facing so much difficulty, I have to ask you for some help.
4)As I’ve gained an opportunity to … / Having acquired a precious chance to …, I’m writing to ask for your assistance / seek for your advice.
5)I hope you will not mind me writing to ask if you are available to offer me some guidance, as …
…
2.陈述请求帮助的内容
1)I face the choice between … and …
2)I’m facing three problems which trouble me a lot. To begin with, … What’s more / worse / Worse still, … What troubles me most is …
3)Ever since last month, my mother hasn’t allowed me to … In her opinion, … However, I don’t agree with her. …
4)Last …, I have an argument with my best friend and we haven’t talked to each other since then.
5)Recently, I … (最近在做的事儿). Finding it … (事情的特点，可好可坏；如果是好的特点，可以在句中加入 however), I am having problems with …, (which makes me feel anxious.)
6)… (陈述情况). So, I’m wondering whether you could … (提出具体需要的帮助)
7)I hope you could spare me some time to … And some guidance on … is badly needed as well.
8)This being my first time to … I am so excited and nervous that I can’t take all things into account. Thus, if you would give me some suggestions on …, I would appreciate it deeply.
9)Faced with this situation, what should I do
…
3.希望得到帮助
1)Faced with the above problems, I am anxious / longing / desperate for your help. Would you please offer me some advice on …
2)I wonder if you can help me with these difficulties. I really appreciate it if you could help me.
3)I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand.
4)No words are strong enough to convey my appreciation if you could offer me a hand.
5)Thanks for your kind consideration and I am looking forward to receiving your earliest reply.
6)Thanks for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me. I am looking forward to a favorable reply.
7)I would be grateful if you could help me solve my problem. Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
8)I will be more than happy if you can come to my aid. Your timely help will be highly appreciated.
…
4.建议信
建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出建议和忠告的一种应用文形式，有可能是写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。建议信要交代清楚写信的原因，建议的内容，提出建议的理由 (提出的理由要合情合理，用语礼貌)。建议信要写的简明扼要，目的明确，具有合理性和说服力。

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