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选择性必修第三册　Unit 1　Art
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·福建莆田联考)
“By removing needless details in pursuit of perfection，Van Den followed in the footsteps of many great artists，writers，composers，and painters.”
Juhani Murros made an unexpected discovery during his visits to art galleries when he worked for an organization in Ho Chi Minh City in 1990.A small still life in an unnoticeable gallery commanded the Finnish physician’s attention.“It was not an ①eye-catching oil painting，yet its dark，mysterious colors and the emotional tension of its disciplined composition set it apart.” Thus began a long journey of discovering the art and life of Van Den，an artist of mixed Chinese and Vietnamese ancestry who studied in Paris for less than two years.
Murros’ biography of Van Den is，②by necessity，brief because there is limited knowledge of the artist，mostly in oral way by family and friends.Many of his paintings did not survive the damp Southeast Asian climate nor the political chaos of his lifetime.However，the author’s research appears to be extensive，as much a years-long spiritual examination of Van Den as a historical one.The artist’s love for country life is apparent in his work，and it is said by those who knew him that he preferred to paint countryside scenes close to his heart and worked as an outsider.He was uninterested in the more elegant work of academically recognized painters.Despite these limitations，Van Den won Vietnam’s most honorable art award in 1960.
Murros gives an in-depth look into the life of this little-known ③unsung master.The book introduces the readers to Van Den’s art with photographs of his paintings，accompanied by short stories behind them.The book is as quiet as the artist’s work，but it is a satisfying read.Each stroke of words in the book connects to the readers；the narrative awakens the artistic spirit in each one of us，encouraging us to follow our heart.
1．What of Van Den first impressed Juhani Murros
A．His life story. B．His painting style.
C．His birth place. D．His emotional stale.
2．Why is Murros’ biography brief
A．Van Den’s art wasn’t well accepted.
B．Murros had limited knowledge of art.
C．Murros had gained little primary data.
D．Van Den’s family kept everything back.
3．What can we learn about Van Den
A．His works are rarely available today.
B．He showed great love for his country.
C．His works were of mysterious themes.
D．He ever traveled in China and Vietnam.
4．Which of the following can describe this biography
A．Amusing. B．Detailed.
C．Objective. D．Inspirational.
语境猜词 ①eye-catching(合＋派)＝eye＋catch＋ing ②by necessity ③unsung(派)＝un＋s(i→u)ng
B
Theophilus Tetteh is an African contemporary artist from Ghana.He buried himself in the study of graphic design and painting at school while experimenting with different media themes.
Now we hear about African painters stepping into the spotlight，but it might be challenging for Ghanaian artists to bring their careers to commercial success and critical recognition.The art market as such is not yet established in Ghana.The country doesn’t even have a national gallery to preserve and promote Ghanaian art.It can be problematic for young painters who cannot afford to move to Europe or the US to promote and ①market their art.Besides，many young artists can even have trouble getting painting materials.
Things changed for Tetteh when he got featured in BE OPEN Art，an online gallery of contemporary art.It was founded by philanthropist Elena Baturina with a desire to provide emerging artists worldwide with an opportunity to show their works to the world of art professionals.The platform especially welcomes artists who don’t have resources or promotional opportunities such as graduates and self-taught artists.
In December 2020，Tetteh was voted the Artist of the Month by the visitors of the BE OPEN Art.Later，he was chosen as the gallery’s first-ever Artist of the Year.The award brought him favorable ②publicity，so he was noticed by the art community，the media，collectors，etc.In 2021，he was interviewed frequently by the media and featured in a famous magazine.All these things let the prices of the artist’s work inch upwards.
Tetteh thinks the world can be a better place if young artists are guided on their way without any form of disregard，but with support of the senior.As his name has hit headlines of the arts world media，he hopes to help promote emerging talents in his native country.“The art makes the man and the man makes the art，” he says.
5．What can we learn about Ghanaian artists from paragraphs 1－2
A. They tend to combine designs with media themes.
B．They have established an art market to promote works.
C．They desire professional guidance on preserving national art.
D．They lack a supportive platform to realize commercial value of their works.
6．Why did Elena Baturina establish BE OPEN Art
A. To promote ancient African art treasures.
B．To broaden the artistic vision of self-taught artists.
C．To provide chances for young artists to display artistic talents.
D．To sponsor a project for the contemporary emerging artists from Ghana.
7．What kind of person is Tetteh according to the last paragraph
A．Socially responsible. B．Amazingly talented.
C．Commercially smart. D．Culturally conservative.
8．Which of the following best describes Tetteh’s change of fate
A．All that glitters is not gold.
B．Opportunity favors the prepared.
C．The strong is not without tears.
D．A good name is easier lost than won.
语境猜词 ①market(转)n.→v. ②publicity(派)＝public＋ity
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·1月八省联考)
Join the Friends and find the place that’s right for you
·Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum
Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond.They are families，students，scholars，and alumni(校友)． 1 .Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university，and by a desire to be part of a cultural community.Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum.Friends are art lovers—just like you.
· 2 ？
As a Friend，your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs.By joining the Friends，you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience，to enjoy，and to love.
·What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy
3 .When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum，you also become part of a great tradition.Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum，but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 4 ，and they get invitations to exhibition openings，lectures，travel opportunities，and lively social gatherings.
·How do I join the Friends
Becoming a Friend is easy. 5 ，return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope，and begin enjoying your benefits immediately.If you prefer，you may join online at artmuseum.edu/support/become-a-member，or when you visit the Museum Store.
A．Why does membership matter
B．How can I learn about the Friends
C．Simply complete the membership form
D．You can then see the full range of Friends benefits
E．Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
F．Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine
G．Friends are people of all ages，interests，abilities，and cultural backgrounds
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
The rangoli(印度传统地画) was a giant good-luck charm.Grandma used to make one for the start of the new year.First，she would draw on the floor with chalk.Then，she would fill the drawing with ①uncooked 1 rice.
This year，Manju was old enough to help.He 2 paper into a cone(圆锥体) and filled it with rice.Side by side，he placed rice across the drawing together with Grandma.Sometimes his rice skittered outside the drawing.Sometimes he used the 3 color.And sometimes he ②rubbed away the 4 ，so Grandma had to redraw it.But 5 ，the bright swirls of rice transformed into a beautiful peacock.When Manju admired the peacock，he 6 a small piece of tile(瓷砖) peeking through on Grandma’s side.
A 7 ？ But Grandma was away to answer the telephone.Should he fix it
“I’ll surprise Grandma！” he decided.He 8 across，trying to reach the gap.Almost.His left leg ③inched up.There! Suddenly，Manju began to 9 .His proud smile vanished.“No！” He crashed down onto the rangoli，scattering rice 10 .
Manju rose to his feet and pushed the rice back.But the colors were 11 .When Grandma came back，Manju 12 .He said，“I’m sorry.I should have waited for you.” Grandma shook her head，“You saw a 13 and tried to fix it.I’m proud of you.” They picked up the rice， 14 each grain by color.Just before nightfall，they finished fixing the rangoli.
Grandma lit candles around the rangoli.In the flickering light，the peacock seemed 15 with mystical powers.Manju smiled.The new year felt full of good luck，thanks to Grandma—and him.
1．A.burst B．marked
C．colored D．carried
2．A.rolled B．brought
C．slid D．sank
3．A.pale B．wrong
C．fresh D．bright
4．A.viewpoint B．outline
C．proposal D．case
5．A.slowly B．fluently
C．passively D．instantly
6．A.imagined B．spotted
C．witnessed D．missed
7．A.cone B．rice
C．chalk D．gap
8．A.extended B．expanded
C．stretched D．spread
9．A.swell B．lift
C．shake D．rest
10．A.somewhere B．everywhere
C．anywhere D．nowhere
11．A.mixed B．removed
C．classified D．displayed
12．A.looked into B．looked through
C．looked out D．looked down
13．A.problem B．puzzle
C．selection D．collection
14．A.analyzing B．searching
C．sorting D．checking
15．A.lovely B．living
C．live D．alive
语境猜词 ①uncooked(派)＝un＋cook＋ed ②rub away ③inch(转)n.→v.
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The southern ①mountainous area of Anhui Province is home to old villages that seek to burst with new vitality.Among them，Xidi and Hongcun villages，1. (declare) by UNESCO to be World Heritage sites in 2000 for their outstanding preservation of ancient rural architecture，welcome visitors who come to appreciate 2. (they) distinctive Huizhou-style houses and a full display of the Hui culture.They feel as if immersed in a traditional Chinese ink painting.
This level of preservation could not be achieved 3. the participation of generations of local residents.In the old days，street dealers 4. (forbid) from letting their shoulder poles(肩担)touch the ground in order to protect the bluestone laid on all the streets and alleys here.
5． a local folk rhyme(民谣)says，“One is not lucky to be born in Huizhou.At 13 or 14 he ②is kicked out of his hometown to make 6. living.” It indicates 7. hard the people of Huizhou once struggled.So far，some customs have remained and newly integrated with tourism，8. (offer) glimpses into the lives of the ancient Huizhou people.“This symbolizes the 9. (combine) of intangible with tangible cultural heritage.” A local official says.He also suggests that the old villages explore and find their own unique and ③marketable themes to fully showcase their 10.___________(culture) charm.
语境猜词 ①mountainous(派)＝mountain＋ous ②be kicked out of one’s hometown ③marketable(派)＝market＋able
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.引人注目的　②必然地；不可避免地　③adj.被埋没的；未被赞扬的
B．①推销；营销　②n.(媒体的)报道，关注
Ⅲ.①adj.未煮过的　②擦掉；消除　③缓慢移动
Ⅳ.①adj.多山的　②被赶出家乡　③adj.可销售的；有销路的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was not an eye-catching oil painting，yet its dark，mysterious colors and the emotional tension of its disciplined composition set it apart.”可知，最初给Murros留下深刻印象的是Van Den的绘画风格，故选B。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Murros’ biography of Van Den is，by necessity，brief because there is limited knowledge of the artist，mostly in oral way by family and friends.”可知，Murros写的传记简短是因为关于这位艺术家的信息非常有限，他没有获得很多原始资料，故选C。]
3．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many of his paintings did not survive the damp Southeast Asian climate nor the political chaos of his lifetime.”可知，他的很多作品没能被保留下来，所以今天很难见到他的作品，故选A。]
4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The book is as quiet as the artist’s work...the narrative awakens the artistic spirit in each one of us，encouraging us to follow our heart.”可知，这本书能够激发读者的艺术精神，鼓励人们追随自己的心，由此推出这本书具有鼓励和启发的性质，故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在线画廊BE OPEN Art为没有机会推广自己艺术作品的艺术家提供一个向世界展示作品的机会。
5．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it might be challenging for Ghanaian artists to bring their careers to commercial success and critical recognition.The art market as such is not yet established in Ghana”可知，加纳艺术家缺乏一个支撑其作品实现商业价值的平台。故选D。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...BE OPEN Art，an online gallery of...It was founded by philanthropist Elena Baturina with a desire to provide emerging artists worldwide with an opportunity to show their works to the world of art professionals.”可知，Elena Baturina创立BE OPEN Art是为了给年轻艺术家提供展示艺术才华的机会。故选C。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Tetteh thinks the world can be a better place if...he hopes to help promote emerging talents in his native country.”可知，Tetteh希望能帮助自己的祖国培养新兴人才，可推知他是有社会责任感的。故选A。]
8．B　[推理判断题。根据全文可知，在线画廊BE OPEN Art为年轻艺术家提供向世界艺术专业人士展示作品的机会，而在学校时就专注学习并尝试不同主题的Tetteh抓住了机会，使自己的才能被注意到，所以他的命运改变说明机会青睐有准备的人。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的成员身份、会员意义、福利待遇及加入方式，鼓励公众参与。
1．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond.They are families，students，scholars，and alumni(校友)．”可知，上文介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的身份，强调其成员身份的多样性。这里需要一个句子来补充说明该群体的多样性。选项G“Friends是所有年龄、兴趣、能力和文化背景的人”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
2．答案　A
解析　空处为本段小标题，应是一个问句。根据下文“As a Friend，your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and diversity of the Museum's educational programs.By joining the Friends，you help to guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience，to enjoy，and to love.”可知，本段解释了会员资格很重要的原因。选项A“为什么会员资格很重要”恰当地概括了本段的主题。故选A。
3．答案　E
解析　根据上文“What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy？”及下文“When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum，you also become part of a great tradition.”可知，这里需要一个句子来概括会员可以享受的各种福利。选项E“Friends会员资格是你获得许多机会的入口”概述了会员资格能带来多种机会，为下文的具体福利做了铺垫，符合题意。故选E。
4．答案　F
解析　根据上文“Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum，but you also will receive special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals.”及下文“and they get invitations to exhibition openings，lectures，travel opportunities，and lively social gatherings”可知，这里是在介绍具体的会员福利。选项F“会员们可以订阅博物馆的季刊”能承上启下，符合题意，其中的Friends与下文的they相对应。故选F。
5．答案　C
解析　根据下文“return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope，and begin enjoying your benefits immediately(请将它与你的年度会员费一同放入随附的信封中寄回，然后立即开始享受你的会员福利)”可知，这里是在介绍加入Friends的流程。选项C“只需填写会员表格”是流程的第一步，且C选项中的the membership form与下文的it相对应，符合题意。故选C。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了祖母和孙子共同制作地画孔雀的经历，故事中的孩子Manju展现了勇于尝试、解决问题的精神，而祖母则代表着包容与鼓励。最终，他们共同面对困难，克服挑战，展现了家庭团结的力量。
1．C　[burst使爆裂；mark做标记；color染色；carry携带。根据下文的“each grain by color”可知，用来做传统地画的米粒是有着不同颜色的，即被染了色。故选C。]
2．A　[roll把……卷起来；bring带来；slide滑动；sink使沉没。根据本句中的“paper into a cone(圆锥体) and filled it with rice”可知，要将纸卷成圆锥体后再装满米粒。故选A。]
3．B　[pale苍白的；wrong错误的；fresh新鲜的；bright明亮的。根据上文的“Sometimes his rice skittered outside the drawing.”可知，有时他的米粒跑到了画作的外面，看得出Manju还不熟练，因此他还会用错米粒的颜色。故选B。]
4．B　[viewpoint观点；outline轮廓；proposal建议；case案例。根据上文的“First，she would draw on the floor with chalk.”可知，奶奶要先在地上画出轮廓，再由空后的“so Grandma had to redraw it”可知，Manju会将轮廓弄掉一些，所以奶奶需要重新画。故选B。]
5．A　[slowly 缓慢地；fluently流利地；passively被动地；instantly瞬间地。根据上文的“Grandma had to redraw it”和本句中的“the bright swirls of rice transformed into a beautiful peacock”可知，制作地画的过程中出了一些差错，所以这些染色的米粒是慢慢变成了孔雀的图案。故选A。]
6．B　[imagine想象；spot发现；witness目击；miss错过。根据本句中的“a small piece of tile(瓷砖) peeking through on Grandma’s side”和下文的“But Grandma was away to answer the telephone.Should he fix it？”可知，Manju发现瓷砖露出来影响了画作的美感，他要去修补。故选B。]
7．D　[cone圆锥；rice大米；chalk粉笔；gap缺口。根据下文的“trying to reach the gap”可知，Manju发现有一小片瓷砖露出来了，孔雀有了缺口。故选D。]
8．C　[extend延伸；expand扩大；stretch拉伸；spread传播。根据上文的“on Grandma’s side”并结合本句中的“trying to reach the gap”可知，缺口在奶奶那一边，Manju要探出身子去修复那个缺口。故选C。]
9．C　[swell膨胀；lift举起；shake摇晃；rest休息。根据上文的“His left leg inched up.”和下文的“He crashed down onto the rangoli”可知，Manju倒向了画作，因此他应该是摇晃了。故选C。]
10．B　[somewhere某处；everywhere到处；anywhere任何地方；nowhere无处。根据本句中的“He crashed down onto the rangoli”和下文的“pushed the rice back”可知，他倒向画作，米粒自然会被弄得到处都是。故选B。]
11．A　[mix混合；remove移除；classify分类；display展示。根据上文的“He crashed down onto the rangoli，scattering rice”可知，他摔倒在了画作上，米粒被弄得到处都是，各种颜色的米粒混合在了一起。故选A。]
12．D　[look into调查；look through浏览；look out留神；look down低头看。根据上文的“But the colors were .”和下文的“I’m sorry.I should have waited for you.”可知，Manju因好心办坏事而内疚地低下头。故选D。]
13．A　[problem问题；puzzle难题；selection选择；collection收集。根据上文的“When Manju admired the peacock，he a small piece of tile(瓷砖) peeking through on Grandma’s side.”可知，Manju发现瓷砖露出来了，孔雀图案有了缺口，即Manju发现了问题并试图解决它。故选A。]
14．C　[analyze分析；search搜索；sort分类；check检查。根据上文的“But the colors were .”和下文的“Just before nightfall，they finished fixing the rangoli.”可知，祖孙二人要将混在一起的不同颜色的米粒分开。故选C。]
15．D　[lovely可爱的；living活着的；live活的；alive有生机的。根据上文的“In the flickering light，the peacock seemed”和下文的“with mystical powers”可知，在灯光的照射下，孔雀似乎有了生命力(指原本没有生命的东西有了生命力应用alive)。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.declared　2.their　3.without　4.were forbidden　5.As
6．a　7.how　8.offering　9.combination　10.cultural选择性必修第三册　Unit 2　Healthy Lifestyle
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济南期末)
From the day we’re born，curiosity becomes a primary driving force that motivates us to explore unknown ideas and territories in search of answers and stimulations.Human beings have an inborn desire to close the “curiosity gap” every day.
A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.Evan Polman，assistant professor of marketing at the University of Wisconsin-Madison，said，“Our research shows that ①fueling people’s curiosity can influence their choices by turning them away from ②inviting desires，like unhealthy foods or taking the elevator，and toward less inviting but healthier options，such as buying more fresh produce or taking the stairs.”
To prove the positive potential of the curiosity gap，Polman and his team conducted a series of experiments designed to test how curiosity affected the choices people made positively.In each study，arousing curiosity resulted in ③noticeable behavior change.For example，in one of the experiments，Polman increased the number of participants who chose to watch a video of academic nature by promising that they would reveal the secret behind a magic trick at the end of the video.
The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.In one field study，the researchers created a 10 percent increase in the use of stairs in a university building by posting trivial(琐事) questions near the elevators and posting the answers in the stairwell.In another，they increased the purchase of fresh produce by placing a joke on the posters describing the fruit or vegetable.
Polman was surprised by the degree that taking advantage of the curiosity gap could motivate people to automatically make healthier lifestyle choices.He concluded，“Our results suggest that using interventions based on curiosity gaps has the potential to increase participation in desired behaviors for which people often lack motivation.It also provides new evidence that curiosity-based interventions come at an incredibly small cost and could help push people toward a variety of positive actions.”
1．What did a recent study find about curiosity
A．It fuels people’s desires.
B．It lowers people’s purchasing power.
C．It benefits people’s health.
D．It determines people’s lives.
2．What were those experiments by Polman’s team aimed at
A．Supporting a theory.
B．Raising a research topic.
C．Arousing scientists’ interest.
D．Displaying negative evidence.
3．What is Polman’s attitude to the results of field studies
A．Doubtful. B．Unclear.
C．Approving. D．Dismissive.
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．How to Stay Curious
B．The Magic of Curiosity
C．How to Make Health Choices
D．The Two Sides of Curiosity Gap
语境猜词 ①fuel(转)n.→v. ②inviting(派)＝invit(e)＋ing ③noticeable(派)＝notice＋able
B
About one in four Americans are physically inactive，according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.But for many of us，physical inactivity is not an intentional choice.It stems from sitting all day at a desk job，driving to work because there are no suitable walking or cycling routes，and having little time for exercise.But what if the infrastructure(基础设施) around you gave you the opportunity to move your body without taking extra time out of your day
“An active city would offer you loads of ways to get from A to B，” said Anna Boldina，an architectural researcher and designer who studies active cities at the University of Cambridge in the U．K.“Not only would these active cities be full of variety，but the various elements of an active city also have their own specific benefits：for example，stepping stones improve balanced ①co-activation of a variety of upper and lower body muscles as well as mindfulness and concentration on ‘here and now’，known as a stress relief.”
This all sounds great for future city design and planning，but how can we integrate these features into existing city infrastructure “The best way to transform a place into an active city is through small interventions here and there：an extra stepping stone ②shortcut across the grass or extra log across the rain garden，” Boldina said.“Sometimes it is not about adding；it is about removing.It is also important that these routes are accessible to people of all ages and abilities.”
Of course，if there are always less challenging alternatives available，how can we encourage those who are able to take the more physically active routes “One of our studies was aimed specifically at encouragement，” Boldina said.The study found that the most effective means of encouragement was providing a shortcut.“Other factors included ③playfulness，crossing water，using natural materials and adding handrails for confidence，” added Boldina，whose group is currently working with architects in Cambridge to create such active landscapes.
5．What does the phrase “stems from” underlined in paragraph 1 mean
A．Relies on. B．Is caused by.
C．Mixes with. D．Is changed into.
6．What can we learn about active cities
A．They contribute to better health.
B．They offer personalized activities.
C．They rely on governmental support.
D．They generally look like each other.
7．What does Boldina think matters when we transform a place into an active city
A．Protecting the local environment.
B．Adding a variety of safety equipment.
C．Making it easy for people to use.
D．Designing as many routes as possible.
8．What does Boldina’s study try to find
A. How to motivate citizens to use active routes.
B．How to make active routes functional and fun.
C．Why citizens have little interest in active routes.
D．Why Cambridge can succeed in adopting active routes.
语境猜词 ①co-activation(派)＝co＋activa(te)＋tion ②shortcut(合)＝short＋cut ③playfulness(派)＝play＋ful＋ness
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
①Minimalism isn’t about being boring or getting rid of most of your things and living in empty rooms.It’s more about identifying what adds value to your life and brings you joy and ②parting with things that don’t. 1 Here are some tips to help you live a more minimalist lifestyle.
·Be Clear on Why You Want to Live a Minimalist Lifestyle
Getting rid of useless things in your home，workspace and life，in general，can be challenging. 2 Yet，chances are，if you’ve barely used these items，you won’t need them in the future.
Being clear as to why you’re doing it can be critical as it’ll help remind you of your goal，fuel your motivation and keep you going even when you’re feeling overwhelmed. 3 No matter the reason，knowing why you’re doing it is the best way to ensure you successfully move towards a more minimalist lifestyle.
·Clear Out Responsibly
Opening a garbage bag and clearing out everything you don’t want to keep is quick and easy.Yet，someone else could use your items or recycle them.One of the best things you can do is donate your clothes to someone you know or a charity. 4 Lastly，as mentioned before，certain items can be recycled.You should only throw away things you can’t sell，donate or recycle.
· Get in the Right Mindset
5 It’s about finding joy and gratitude.It’s about being satisfied when you need to throw out something old and promoting self-care and loving yourself.The minimalist seeks simplicity，usefulness and clarity with less focus on material possessions and more focus on value in life.Clear the useless things so you can focus on your priorities and goals.
A．You can also organize a big garage sale.
B．The best way to tidy up is to take it one step at a time.
C．Mindset is key to a “less is more” attitude and lifestyle.
D．That’s because it might be hard to part with some of your things.
E．Living a minimalist lifestyle can allow you to create a life of more.
F．This way，you can get rid of the unnecessary things that burden you.
G．Perhaps you want to create more space in your home or limit your carbon footprint.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①minimalism(派)＝minimal＋ism ②part with
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·江苏南通模拟预测)
I recently retired from twenty-three ①fulfilling years as a classroom teacher.I always 1 my success in hugs and smiles from my students，not by data and test scores.I always 2 that I would have a positive influence on each of the young lives.
One day，I was standing in the checkout line of a local grocery store when I heard a 3 voice behind me，“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.” I turned and had to 4 the speaker，a young man well over six feet tall.
He told me his name，and I 5 remembered which class he had been in，and even how he had 6 reading.We 7 briefly，and I asked what he was doing these days.“I am going to college，” he answered.“I want to be a 8 teacher.” “Wait a minute，” I said.“The Eddie I remember 9 to read.”
“Yes，ma’am.That was me.Because of how you never gave up on me，I now 10 I can make a difference，” he continued.“If you had not made me realize I had some 11 ，if you had not believed in me and if you had not 12 me，I would never have gone to college.”
I know how 13 one teacher can impact the life of a person who does not believe in himself.We may never know how much influence we have had on them，but when a 14 student reaches out and says，“Thank you，” I feel a sense of 15 that will ②accompany me for the rest of my life.
1．A.celebrated B．shared
C．measured D．achieved
2．A.predicted B．explained
C．confirmed D．prayed
3．A.curious B．hesitant
C．plain D．sweet
4．A.look up at B．hold on to
C．catch up with D．get away from
5．A.instantly B．temporarily
C．secretly D．doubtfully
6．A.anticipated B．fancied
C．practised D．hated
7．A.looked B．joked
C．chatted D．debated
8．A.music B．reading
C．business D．sports
9．A.refused B．intended
C．preferred D．promised
10．A.deny B．believe
C．complain D．declare
11．A.privilege B．weaknesses
C．potential D．questions
12．A.entertained B．stopped
C．attracted D．encouraged
13．A.precisely B．powerfully
C．thoroughly D．fearfully
14．A.former B．courageous
C．naughty D．troublesome
15．A.growth B．desire
C．warmth D．signal
语境猜词 ①fulfilling(派)＝fulfill＋ing ②accompany(派)＝ac＋company
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony.Harmony is，in fact，a complete cultural system that consists of not only 1. (value) but also a philosophy with its own world ①outlook.Harmony means “proper and balanced cooperation between things”．
2．___________ harmony at the heart，traditional Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns ②imbalance into balance.This concept，deeply 3.________(mix) into the history of Chinese society，advocates for a balanced and 4. (peace) ③coexistence within the individual，between people，and between humanity and nature.
At the centre of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things.It 5. (reflect) in various aspects of Chinese life，from the emphasis on family unity 6. social bond to the practice of traditional arts and the governance of the state.
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be ④overstated.It has shaped China’s approach to international relations，7. (highlight) harmonious coexistence and shared benefit.In taking care of the environment,8. inspires efforts to live according to natural cycles and to respect all forms of life.Moreover，the concept of harmony,9. has enabled China to maintain social stability and cultural consistency despite the challenges of history，offers a model for settling conflicts and promoting a sense of community and belonging.As the world becomes 10. (steady) interconnected，the principles of Chinese cultural harmony offer valuable insights for creating a more balanced and sustainable global society.
语境猜词 ①outlook(合)＝out＋look ②imbalance(派)＝im＋balance ③coexistence(派)＝co＋existence ④overstate(派)＝over＋state
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①增加；加强；刺激　②adj.诱人的　③adj.显而易见的
B．①n.共同激活　②n.捷径；近路　③n.玩耍；嬉闹
Ⅱ.①n.极简主义　②放弃；割舍
Ⅲ.①adj.使人满足的，令人愉快的　②v.陪同；伴随
Ⅳ.①n.观点，见解　②n.不平衡；失调　③n.共处；共存　④v.夸大
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了好奇心对人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.”可知，研究发现好奇心能够被用来引导人们做出更健康的生活选择，即有益于人们的健康。故选C。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，为了证明好奇心差距的积极潜力，Polman和他的团队进行了一系列实验证明好奇心如何积极影响人们的选择，即这些实验是为了支持一个理论。故选A。]
3．C　[观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.”可知，Polman对实地研究的结果是极其信服的，即他对实地研究的结果是赞同的。故选C。]
4．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段可知，这篇文章主要讲述了利用好奇心让人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择的研究及其结果。B选项“好奇心的魔力”能够概括文章主要内容，适合作标题。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于如何在城市中通过设计基础设施来促进人们的身体活动的研究和建议。
5．B　[词义猜测题。前文“But for many of us，physical inactivity is not an intentional choice.”指出缺乏运动并不是一个有意的选择，根据画线部分后文“sitting all day at a desk job，driving to work because there are no suitable walking or cycling routes，and having little time for exercise”可推知，后文是不活跃的原因，所以画线短语应是“源于”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B。]
6．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Not only would these active cities...improve balanced co-activation of a variety of upper and lower body muscles as well as mindfulness and concentration on...”可知，充满活力的城市有助于锻炼身体，增进健康。故选A。]
7．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The best way to transform a place into an active city is through small interventions here and there...It is also important that these routes are accessible to people of all ages and abilities.”可知，Boldina认为在改造活力城市时重要的是使设施方便各地区、所有年龄段和能力的人使用。故选C。]
8．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The study found that the most effective means of encouragement was providing a shortcut.”可知，Boldina的研究试图找到如何激励市民使用活跃的路线。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了极简主义的概念，并就如何践行极简主义生活方式提供了一些建议。
1．F　[根据前文“It’s more about identifying what adds value to your life and brings you joy and parting with things that don’t.”可知，极简主义是关于确定什么能给你的生活带来价值和快乐，放弃那些没有价值的东西。F选项“这样，你就可以摆脱给你造成负担的无用的东西”承接上文，切题。故选F。]
2．D　[上一句提到扔掉无用的东西可能有挑战性，D选项“That’s because it might be hard to part with some of your things.”承接上文，阐明有挑战性的原因。故选D。]
3．G　[根据下一句的“No matter the reason”可推知，空处应提到一些原因，G选项“Perhaps you want to create more space in your home or limit your carbon footprint.”符合语境。故选G。]
4．A　[上一句提到把衣服捐给他人或慈善机构，A选项“You can also organize a big garage sale.”切题，与上文紧密衔接，都是循环利用自己不想要的东西的一些方法。故选A。]
5．C　[本段小标题强调正确的思想观念，再由下文中的“The minimalist seeks simplicity，usefulness and clarity with less focus on material possessions and more focus on value in life.”可知，极简主义者追求简单。C选项“Mindset is key to a ‘less is more’ attitude and lifestyle.”切题。故选C。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文叙述了作者最近从23年充实的教师生涯退休了，一天一个以前教过的学生向作者表达了感激，作者感到一种温暖，这种温暖将伴随作者的余生。
1．C　[celebrate庆祝；share分享；measure测量，衡量；achieve完成。根据下文“my success in hugs and smiles from my students，not by data and test scores”可知，作者用学生的拥抱和微笑而非数据和成绩来衡量自己的成功。故选C。]
2．D　[predict预测；explain解释；confirm确认；pray祈祷。根据下文“I would have a positive influence on each of the young lives”可知，这是作者祈祷的内容。故选D。]
3．B　[curious好奇的；hesitant犹豫的；plain简单的，朴素的；sweet甜蜜的。根据下文“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.”可知，多年不见老师，年轻人也不确定，所以是犹豫的。故选B。]
4．A　[look up at向上看；hold on to抓紧；catch up with赶上；get away from逃离。根据下文“a young man well over six feet tall”可知，年轻人较高，所以作者要抬头看他。故选A。]
5．A　[instantly立即；temporarily暂时地；secretly秘密地；doubtfully怀疑地。根据上文“He told me his name”和下文“and even”可知，作者的记忆力很好，他一说名字，作者立刻记起了他。故选A。]
6．D　[anticipate期望；fancy想要，认为；practise实践；hate讨厌。根据下文“The Eddie I remember to read.”和“Because of how you never gave up on me”可知，这个学生原本讨厌阅读，但作者一直没有放弃他。故选D。]
7．C　[look看；joke开玩笑；chat聊天；debate辩论。根据下文“I asked what he was doing these days”可知，他们聊了一会儿。故选C。]
8．B　[music音乐；reading阅读；business商业；sports运动。根据下文“Wait a minute”和“The Eddie I remember to read.”可知，他原本讨厌阅读，现在却想成为一名阅读老师，这让作者震惊。故选B。]
9．A　[refuse拒绝；intend打算；prefer更喜欢；promise承诺。根据上文“even how he had reading”可知，艾迪拒绝阅读。故选A。]
10．B　[deny否认；believe相信；complain抱怨；declare宣称。根据上文“Because of how you never gave up on me”可知，老师没有放弃他，所以他相信自己可以有所作为。故选B。]
11．C　[privilege特权；weakness弱点；potential 潜力；question问题。根据下文“if you had not believed in me”可知，作者一直相信他，这使他意识到自己有潜力。故选C。]
12．D　[entertain娱乐；stop阻止；attract吸引；encourage鼓励。根据上文“believed in”可知，此处指鼓励。故选D。]
13．B　[precisely精确地；powerfully强有力地；thoroughly全面地；fearfully吓人地。根据上文“If you had not made me realize I had some ，if you had not believed in me and if you had not me，I would never have gone to college.”可知，老师对学生的影响力是巨大的。故选B。]
14．A　[former以前的；courageous有勇气的；naughty淘气的；troublesome讨厌的。根据上文“Excuse me，miss，but I think you were my seventh grade teacher.”可知，此处指以前的学生。故选A。]
15．C　[growth生长；desire愿望；warmth 温暖；signal信号。根据上文“Thank you”可知，作者收到学生的感谢时应是感到温暖。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.values　2.With　3.mixed　4.peaceful　5.is reflected　6.and　7.highlighting　8.it　9.which　10.steadily选择性必修第三册　Unit 3　Environmental Protection
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·湖南长沙一模)
We are ①unavoidably linked to the ocean.Collectively，it covers about 71% of our world and is instrumental in the processes that keep us alive.While the rainforests may be referred to as “the lungs of the planet”，scientists say it’s actually the ocean that provides 50%－80% of the oxygen we breathe.Besides，through a “conveyor belt” action，it helps regulate Earth’s climate by transporting heat away from the equator，towards the poles to cool.The ocean also proves itself essential in the fight against climate change too.It absorbs 50 times more carbon dioxide than our atmosphere—or rather，it’s not the ocean itself but what lives in it.And perhaps one of the most incredible forms is the humble seagrass.
Across the globe，there are more than 70 species of seagrass，growing in shallow and ②sheltered coastal areas and covering 300,000 square kilometres，which absorbs 10% of the ocean’s carbon each year and captures carbon up to 35 times faster than tropical rainforests.Seagrass builds its leaves and roots using carbon，which it extracts from water through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用)—and it holds on to it，even after death.Dead plant material decomposes(分解) slowly on the ocean floor，and this means that the carbon stored within is eventually buried under the seabed.
Significant as it is，seagrass is critically endangered.According to the U．N.Environment Programme，a seagrass area the size of a football pitch is destroyed every 30 minutes around the world.Fortunately，restoration missions are already ③underway，in places as far afield as Kenya，Mozambique，and the UK.But rising temperatures remain a ④twofold threat：an increase in storms that tear the shallow-rooted seagrass from its beds，and rising sea-levels that block out the sunlight.
However，seagrass is known to adapt to survive—and gene sequencing of the Zostera marina seagrass has shown it has done so on three separate occasions already.Could it be one of Earth’s great survivors that will save us all Only time will tell.
1．How does the seagrass help regulate Earth’s climate
A. It blocks out the sunlight.
B．It absorbs carbon dioxide.
C．It provides most of the oxygen.
D．It transports heat towards the poles.
2．What does the underlined word “extracts” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Obtains. B．Replaces. C．Consumes. D．Delivers.
3．What can be inferred about the seagrass from the last two paragraphs
A. It is no longer endangered after restoration.
B．It has saved the planet from climate change.
C．It hasn’t been affected by rising temperatures.
D．It is able to adapt to changes in its environment.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. The Fantastic World of Seagrass
B．The Uncertain Future of the Ocean
C．Seagrass：the Ocean’s Unsung Hero
D．The Battle to Save Seagrass from Extinction
语境猜词 ①unavoidably(派)＝un＋avoid＋abl(e)＋y ②sheltered(派)＝shelter＋ed ③underway(合)＝under＋way ④twofold(合)＝two＋fold
B
(2024·广东深圳一模)
Each year，the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees.At that rate，some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years.To handle it，now researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have ①pioneered a technique to generate wood-like plant materials in a lab.This makes it possible to “grow” a wooden product without cutting down trees.
In the lab，the researchers first take cells from the leaves of a young plant.These cells are ②cultured in liquid medium for two days，then moved to another medium which contains nutrients and two different hormones(激素)．By adjusting the hormone levels，the researchers can ③tune the physical and mechanical qualities of the cells.Next，the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material，and let the shaped material grow in the dark for three months.Finally，the researchers dehydrate(使脱水) the material，and then evaluate its qualities.
They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded，open cells of lower density(密度)，while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures.Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid，helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.What’s more，it’s to be noted that the research process is about 100 times faster than the time it takes for a tree to grow to maturity!
Research of this kind is groundbreaking.“This work demonstrates the great power of a technology，” says lead researcher，Jeffrey Berenstain.“The real opportunity here is to be at its best with what you use and how you use it.This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes，sizes，rigidity，and forms.It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”
5．Why do researchers at MIT perform the research
A. To grow more trees. B．To reduce tree losses.
C．To protect plant diversity. D．To predict forest disappearance.
6．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the lab research
A．Its scientific origins. B．Its theoretical basis.
C．Its usual difficulties. D．Its main processes.
7．What does the finding suggest about the plant materials
A. They are better than naturally grown plants.
B．Their growth speed determines their characteristics.
C．The hormone levels affect their rigidity.
D．Their cells’ shapes mainly rely on their density.
8．Why is the research path-breaking according to Berenstain
A. It uses new biological materials in lab experiments.
B．It has a significant impact on worldwide plant growth.
C．It revolutionizes the way to make wooden products.
D．It challenges traditional scientific theories in forestry.
语境猜词 ①pioneer(转)n.→v. ②culture(转)n.→v. ③tune(熟义：n.曲调；曲子) 生义(文义)：
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed Silent，slimy and wriggling(扭动)，you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait(诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole. 1
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”．They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. 2
Earthworms literally move the earth，and this is why farmers love them.As they travel，they aerate(使透气) the soil by loosening，mixing and oxygenating it. 3 They are effectively a small but very efficient plough(犁)．But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise.
In 2022，a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes(酶) found in wax worm saliva(唾液) which are plastic-eating. 4 It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an ①industry-level scale，we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution.
5 Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor.Scientists at the University of California，Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws，which are made up of 10% copper proteins(铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year ②lifespan.Because of this research，engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete.
So，next time you see a worm，show it a little respect.They really are changing the world!
A．So，what do worms do that is so great
B．Worms have a lifespan of a few months.
C．And worms are even inspiring the building industry.
D．It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water.
E．However，there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye.
F．Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year.
G．These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①industry-level(合)＝industry＋level ②lifespan(合)＝life＋span
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Jeff Jens can clearly recall the first time when he realized solar power was the real deal.On a cold November morning in the 1980s，Jens 1 his hand over a vent(排气口) cover in his father-in-law’s home，where he and his wife Boisclair were visiting.Boisclair’s father had installed(安装) a solar panel system in the house，which 2 water in the bathroom.
“I was 3 ，” Jens said.“I remember feeling the 4 air come out with my hand over the vent.I realized solar power is for real.And it should be with us right now.”
Three decades later，climate change has become a lively 5 .“We’ve been 6 about it for a long time...We now have a strong sense of 　7　 and we have to do something，” Jens said.“It’s not an easy thing because there is no road map.”
The couple soon had the idea to 8 Jens’ alma mater(母校)，Denison University，and offer ①seed money for the solar development.Though the university 9 declined，they followed up months later with a 10 to install solar panels on a student housing building.
“We realized by 11 ②startup money to some groups that want to do something but are still not ③financially committed，we could 12 our desire，” Jens said.
The couple has now 13 18 projects across the country，the majority in Illinois.With four still 14 ，Jens estimates by the end of 2024，the developments will have 15 a total of 1,100,000 kW.
1．A.washed B．put
C．cooled D．hurt
2．A.cleaned up B．heated up
C．kept off D．turned off
3．A.amazed B．frightened
C．angry D．sleepy
4．A.cold B．sweet
C．same D．warm
5．A.debate B．policy
C．rule D．plan
6．A.happy B．disappointed
C．certain D．concerned
7．A.relief B．humor
C．duty D．loss
8．A.start B．change
C．contact D．miss
9．A.suddenly B．initially
C．hardly D．sadly
10．A.proposal B．refusal
C．mistake D．failure
11．A.showing B．lending
C．reporting D．giving
12．A.ruin B．express
C．satisfy D．design
13．A.surveyed B．supported
C．honored D．recorded
14．A.on sale B．on view
C．in progress D．in question
15．A.reserved B．wasted
C．consumed D．generated
语境猜词 ①seed money(习语) ②startup(合)＝start＋up ③financially(派)＝financ(e)＋i＋ally
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Researchers have been applying artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor biodiversity and enhance efforts to protect some species from 1. (threaten)．Unlike conventional methods，AI has the capacity 2. (analyze) massive amounts of data effectively.
Species are disappearing 3. a rate much faster than that millions of years ago，with up to one million species on the edge of 4. (extinct)．In response，the United Nations set a goal in 2020 to ①safeguard at least 30%of Earth’s land and oceans.“AI is imperfect 5. could promote important discoveries，” says Nicolas Miailhe，Paris-based founder of the Future Society，an international non-profit organization 6. aims to ②better govern AI.“We badly need human ③practitioners to design models and interpret data.”
Besides monitoring biodiversity in real time，AI can also be used to ④model the impacts of human activities on an ecosystem.Although it 7. (document) that human activities have resulted in biodiversity loss，little is known about which environmental factors have the 8. (large) impact.
“Long-term statistics will play 9. essential role in connecting changes in biodiversity with environmental changes，” says Luisa Orsini，who 10. (study) evolutionary bio-systems at the University of Birmingham，UK.
语境猜词 ①safeguard(合)＝safe＋guard ②better(熟义：adj.较好的，更好的) 生义(文义)： ③practitioner(派)＝pract＋ition＋er ④model(熟义：n.模型；模式) 生义(文义)：
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adv.不可避免地　②adj.有遮蔽物的　③adj.在进行中的　
④adj.双重的
B．①倡导；开辟　②培育　③v.调整
Ⅱ.①adj.工业层面的　②n.寿命；使用期，有效期
Ⅲ.①本金，本钱　②启动所需的　③财政上，金融上
Ⅳ.①保护，捍卫　②v.改善，改进　③从业人员，执业者　④v.使仿效，使模仿
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海草的重要性——能够通过吸收碳来帮助调节气候。
1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“The ocean also proves itself essential in the fight against climate change too.It absorbs 50 times more carbon dioxide than our atmosphere—or rather，it’s not the ocean itself but what lives in it.And perhaps one of the most incredible forms is the humble seagrass.”可知，海草能够通过吸收二氧化碳来帮助调节气候，故选B。]
2．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Seagrass builds its leaves and roots using carbon，which it extracts from water through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用)—and it holds on to it，even after death.”可知，海草通过光合作用从水中提取碳来使叶子和根生长，即使在死后也会保留碳。故“extract”意为“提取，获得”，故选A。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，seagrass is known to adapt to survive...it has done so on three separate occasions already.”可推测，海草具备适应周边环境的变化以求生存的能力，故选D。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。根据全文可知，本文的主体对象是海草，作为海洋生态系统的一部分，它能够吸收大量的碳，有助于减缓气候变化，结合文章结尾处“Could it be one of Earth’s great survivors that will save us all Only time will tell.”可知，C选项“海草：海洋的无名英雄”最适合作文章标题。故选C。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了避免砍伐树木，麻省理工学院的研究人员开创了一种技术，在实验室里生产类似木材的植物材料，并解释了其实验过程及其积极意义。
5．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year，the world loses about 10 million hectares of forest—an area about the size of Iceland—because of cutting down trees.At that rate，some scientists predict the world’s forests could disappear in 100 to 200 years.To handle it...”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员进行这项研究是为了减少树木损失。故选B。]
6．D　[段落大意题。根据第二段中的“first take cells from the leaves of a young plant” “then moved to another medium” “Next，the researchers use a 3D printer to shape the cell-based material” “Finally，the researchers dehydrate(使脱水) the material，and then evaluate its qualities.”可知，第二段主要告诉我们关于实验室研究的主要过程。故选D。]
7．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They found that lower hormone levels lead to plant materials with more rounded，open cells of lower density(密度)，while higher hormone levels contribute to the growth of plant materials with smaller but denser cell structures.Lower or higher density of cell structures makes the plant materials softer or more rigid，helping the materials grow with different wood-like characteristics.”可知，激素水平影响细胞的形状和密度，而细胞结构的密度影响植物材料硬度，由此可知，激素水平影响植物材料的硬度。故选C。]
8．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This technology can be tuned to meet the requirements you give about shapes，sizes，rigidity，and forms.It enables us to ‘grow’ any wooden product in a way that traditional agricultural methods can’t achieve.”可知，Berenstain认为这项研究具有开创性是因为它革新了制作木制品的方法。故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不起眼的蠕虫实际上是我们需要的英雄，它们可以疏松土壤，更快地分解难以降解的塑料，甚至为建筑行业提供灵感。
1．E　[前文“Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed Silent，slimy and wriggling (扭动)，you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait(诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole.”提到人们通常认为蠕虫没有特别的用处，后文段落具体介绍了蠕虫的大作用。因此E项“However，there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye.”符合语境，指出蠕虫其实并不简单，和前文构成转折，引出后文段落内容。故选E。]
2．A　[前文“The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has ‘played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures’．They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions.”引用达尔文的话，强调蠕虫的重要性，并提到蠕虫顽强的生存能力，后文段落介绍蠕虫的奇特之处。因此A项“So，what do worms do that is so great？”符合语境，承接前文，以问题的形式引出对蠕虫了不起之处的探究，引出后文的具体介绍。故选A。]
3．D　[前文“Earthworms literally move the earth，and this is why farmers love them.As they travel，they aerate (使透气) the soil by loosening，mixing and oxygenating it.”介绍蚯蚓帮助松动土壤，让土壤透气。因此D项“It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water.”符合语境，指出蚯蚓的行为对地面蓄水和排水方面的帮助，承接前文。故选D。]
4．G　[前文“In 2022，a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating.”提到科学家们分离出了能吃塑料的酶。因此G项“These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years.”符合语境，介绍这种酶的巨大作用，承接前文，其中These指代前文的enzymes。故选G。]
5．C　[空处位于段首，应该是段落中心句，和前面两个段落并列，继续介绍蠕虫的大作用。后文“Scientists at the University of California，Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws...as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete.”主要介绍通过研究这种下颚，工程师们得到一些建筑方面的灵感。因此C项“And worms are even inspiring the building industry.”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jeff Jens和妻子通过支持太阳能项目来保护环境，应对气候变化。
1．B　[根据下文“air come out with my hand over the vent”可知，他把手放在通风口盖上。故选B。]
2．B　[根据上文“a solar panel system”和下文“in the bathroom”并结合常识可知，安装太阳能电池板系统是为了加热浴室的水。故选B。]
3．A　[根据下文“I realized solar power is for real.And it should be with us right now.”可知，这是他第一次意识到太阳能是真的，他感到惊讶。故选A。]
4．D　[上文提到安装了太阳能电池板系统来加热浴室的水，结合下文“I realized solar power is for real.”可推知他感受到的是温暖的空气。故选D。]
5．A　[根据下文“about it for a long time”并结合常识可知，气候变化已经成为一场激烈的辩论。故选A。]
6．D　[根据上文“climate change”以及后文“we have to do something”可知，人们对气候变化是担忧的态度。故选D。]
7．C　[根据下文“and we have to do something”可知，此处指有强烈的责任感。故选C。]
8．C　[根据后文“Though the university declined”可知，此处指他们联系了延斯的母校。故选C。]
9．B　[Though表示转折，结合后文“followed up months later”可知，前后形成对比，说明他们一开始被拒绝了，故选B。]
10．A　[前文提到他们提供资金的提议被拒绝了，结合Though可推知，此处指他们后来又提议在学生宿舍楼安装太阳能电池板。故选A。]
11．D　[根据上文“offer seed money”可知，此处指给予启动资金，故选D。]
12．C　[根据上文“we have to do something”可知，此处指满足他们想要做些事情的愿望。故选C。]
13．B　[根据下文“18 projects across the country”以及上文提到提供启动资金可知，是在全国支持了18个项目，故选B。]
14．C　[根据下文“Jens estimates by the end of 2024，the developments will have...”可知，此处是预估将来的成果，说明现在有四个项目尚未完成，即仍在进行中。故选C。]
15．D　[根据下文“a total of 1,100,000 kW”并结合他投资的是太阳能项目可知，此处指项目产生的发电量达到110万千瓦。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.being threatened　2.to analyze　3.at　4.extinction
5．but　6.which/that　7.is documented　8.largest　9.an
10．studies选择性必修第三册　Unit 4　Adversity and Courage
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Early in my career，I was easily overwhelmed.My responsibilities，commitments and ambitions piled up into this mass that I felt ①immeasurably large—until，one day，when I worked in federal contracting，my manager gave me something that is still on the bulletin board over my desk 26 years later，even as I’ve now transformed my career：It’s a postcard picture of Earth.
He wanted me to look at Earth and think about the significance of what I was trying to accomplish，and the stress I was feeling，and to do so in the context of what others around the world faced.I started to do this during late nights in my office，when I hadn’t seen my family in days，as I lived on caffeine and cheese nabs.I imagined the good happening to people around the globe.I also imagined the bad—people starving，enduring war，or losing their homes—and then ②weighed my situation.I would say a prayer for them，and I would remember that my time on Earth was limited.
With this perspective and my manager’s encouragement，I went back to school，then took a job with a Fortune 500 firm as a contract manager and rose to become a director and VP.I have recently started my own consulting business to mentor small companies entering federal contracting.I’ve found that many folks feel they must make a good impression or prove themselves，and that to do so，they cannot admit when they need help.But I can see it in their eyes or hear it in their voices.I tell them what my manager told me：Step away for a few minutes，prioritize your actions，and focus on what your best can be in that moment.
That is how I hope to make a difference in their lives.And who knows，maybe beyond what I see，my presence ripples(传开) out to their circles of influence，which reaches others’—creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth.
1．What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To arouse readers’ interest.
B．To show the author’s strong emotion.
C．To introduce the author’s current status of work.
D．To illuminate the author’s ups and downs in his career.
2．Why does the author still keep the postcard picture of Earth
A. Because he needs its navigation when at a loss.
B．Because he has gained a favored job with its help.
C．Because he was required by his manager to value it.
D．Because he views it as a reminder of thinking overall.
3．What does the underlined word “mentor” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Instruct. B．Absorb.
C．Invest. D．Encourage.
4．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A. The Influence of My Manager
B．The Ripples of the Big Earth Picture
C．The Stress Coming from Responsibilities
D．The Good and the Bad Happenings in My Career
语境猜词 ①immeasurably(派)＝im＋measurable＋ly ②weigh(熟义：v.重；称重量) 生义(文义)：
B
The psychological term，valence weighting bias，describes people’s tendency to adapt in new circumstances by drawing more strongly from either their positive or negative attitudes，or rather，whether negative or positive internal “signals” carry the most weight in guiding people’s final behavior.
Studies led by Russell Fazio and Javier Granados from The Ohio State University found links between a ①negative-leaning attitude and procrastination(拖延) and that it’s possible to shift the weighting bias and reverse the tendency to delay a task.
In their first study,147 college students participated in a program allowing them to accumulate course credits for engaging in a research.Those who thought it was an awful thing to do procrastinated starting.The study also explored whether students’ measures of self-control influenced task-related behaviors：How students characterized their level of motivation about the research program，and if that affected whether students got an early start.Results showed the combination of negative weighting bias and self-reported low motivation for self-control was linked to students putting off research program participation by getting started later in the semester.
Then the students in the program who were self-reported procrastinators and who scored high for negative weighting bias were asked to join in another study.Researchers then inspired one group in a way that led participants to weigh positive and negative signals in a more balanced way.This shift caused the students to accumulate credit hours more quickly than the group whose negative weighting bias and low self-control reliably predicted their delay.“If somebody is more motivated and able to think more about it，that might bring other considerations that weaken the influence of the valence weighting bias，” researchers said.
Negative weighting bias can have a positive effect on behavior，though.These researchers have also found evidence that a negative weighting bias may help people be more realistic when they’re asking themselves，“Have I studied enough for this test？” “It’s better to be more objectively balanced than to be at either extreme，” Fazio said.“But the situation where a particular valence weighting bias is likely to be ②problematic is going to vary.”
5．What can we know about valence weighting bias
A．It is used in modern technology.
B．It influences people’s mental health.
C．It directs what people do variously.
D．It leads to delays in carrying out tasks.
6．Which students in the first study would start participating earlier
A. Those who suffered from valence weighting bias.
B．Those who drew more strongly from positivity.
C．Those who thought poorly of their self-discipline.
D．Those who considered themselves lack of motivation.
7．What does the experiment in paragraph 4 indicate
A. High scores lead to more consideration.
B．Negative weighting bias can be reversed.
C．Participants need professional knowledge.
D．Measuring properly is of vital importance.
8．What message is conveyed in the last paragraph
A. Negative weighting bias can be beneficial.
B．People need to strive to be positive at any time.
C．Positive people tend to make random decisions.
D．Valence weighting bias applies to different situations.
语境猜词 ①negative-leaning(合)＝negative＋leaning ②problematic(派)＝problem＋atic
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河南部分重点高中联考)
There’s a ①misconception that if you are kind to yourself，then you are not going to be successful.But in fact，being kind to yourself can help you reach your goals. 1 It can leave you burnt out，not thinking clearly，and lacking in energy.Here are some strategies to help you learn how to be kind to yourself.
2 Do an honest assessment of your strengths and weaknesses.Figure out what you need to do about the self-improvement work.Are you struggling with depression or anxiety Do you have trouble focusing on your work If ②addressing these things on your own is too difficult，you may need the help of a mental health professional.
Change the way you think about failure. 3 If you spend too much time fearing it，you will not live up to your potential.Every failure you have is an opportunity to learn.When you are faced with failure，you should ask yourself questions like，“What can I learn from this experience？” and “How can I use this to make me better？”
Be selective about who you allow in your circle.Get rid of people who make you feel bad about yourself，or are hurtful toward you.It is great to have friends around you who care about you and want to see you improve yourself.Get rid of the ones who just enjoy ③picking on you. 4
Practice gratitude.It’s impossible to feel grateful and depressed at the same time. 5 Practicing gratitude is an important part of being kind to yourself because the benefits occur in so many different categories.Studies show that people who practice gratitude develop physical benefits like fewer pains，lower blood pressure，and better sleep.
A．Manage your mind.
B．Accept your weakness.
C．The two emotions are ④at odds with each other.
D．Taking poor care of yourself is not the key to success.
E．You cannot succeed without having lots of experiences with failure.
F．When you are depressed，try to find things that you can be grateful for.
G．Actively work to surround yourself with people who are loving and trustworthy.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①misconception(派)＝mis＋conception ②address(熟义：n.地址，住址) 生义(文义)： ③pick on sb ④at odds with
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
In the community of Mudgeeraba，a remarkable story has occurred，displaying a more connected society.
Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left，Nina，a new mom，was feeling the weight of 1 in her motherhood journey.Nina found herself 2 not just for company，but for a unique form of ①cross-generational 3 .So she determined to take a 4 step.
Nina put out a ②heartfelt 5 in her community for an “adoptive grandma” for herself and her baby Millie.The outpouring of support was nothing short of 6 .Among the sea of 7 ，61-year-old Christine，a resident in the same suburb as Nina，emerged as the perfect 8 .Desperate for a grandchild of her own，Christine was seeking for a 9 for filling the emptiness left by the 10 of grandchildren in her life.
Since their initial meeting six months ago，Christine has lovingly 11 the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie，to whom she 12 she has an unlimited supply of love to give.The newfound relationship goes beyond just a 13 ，with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.
The unexpected 14 rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation，dramatically 15 her tension after giving birth，but offered Christine a sense of purpose and connection in her later years.
1．A.mistrust B．intervention
C．prejudice D．loneliness
2．A.answering B．longing
C．preparing D．arranging
3．A.assistance B．promise
C．respect D．recognition
4．A.debatable B．familiar
C．③courageous D．generous
5．A.statement B．option
C．proposal D．request
6．A.unappealing B．convincing
C．heart-warming D．confusing
7．A.documents B．responses
C．discussions D．investigations
8．A.professional B．relative
C．employer D．match
9．A.channel B．babysitter
C．witness D．standard
10．A.departure B．affection
C．absence D．objection
11．A.reflected upon B．taken on
C．set aside D．applied for
12．A.worries B．remembers
C．denies D．feels
13．A.limit B．title
C．message D．prize
14．A.discovery B．adventure
C．bond D．reunion
15．A.releasing B．exposing
C．encouraging D．illustrating
语境猜词 ①cross-generational(合＋派)＝cross＋generation＋al ②heartfelt(合)＝heart＋felt ③courageous(派)＝courage＋ous
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Volha Halpyarovich，from Belarus,1. (experience) the healing power of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a child.“When I caught a cold or had a cough，my mom used to make a cupping，a technique that involves placing cups on the skin 2. (create) suction(吸力)，” said Halpyarovich.
After she moved to China over 12 years ago，she became even more crazy about Chinese medicine.Living in a community with a ①drugstore 3. Chinese traditional herbs and medicine were sold，Halpyarovich met an experienced doctor.The wise old gentleman began with a thorough diagnosis，checking her pulse，examining her tongue，and observing her eyes.To her surprise，he accurately pointed out her health issues 4. talking too much.
TCM views the body as 5. universe connected with nature.It focuses on improving blood ②circulation and removing blocks,6. (lead) to enhanced well-being.After following the treatment，Halpyarovich felt 7. (good)．She believes that traditional Chinese medicine is not only a kind of treatment，but it’s a lifestyle.
As more people seek harmony with nature and within 8._________(they)，Halpyarovich recommends traditional Chinese medicine.“I find it to be a complex and 9. (benefit) method that is in agreement with the goal of living in harmony，” she said.From ③cupping to personalized herbal treatment，she encourages others to explore the diverse and useful 10._____________(approach) that Chinese traditional medicine has to offer.
语境猜词 ①drugstore(合)＝drug＋store ②circulation(派)＝circulat(e)＋ion ③cupping(派)＝cup＋p＋ing
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adv.无法计量地；无限地　②v.认真考虑；权衡
B．①adj.消极倾向的　②adj.产生问题的；造成困难的
Ⅱ.①n.误解；错误想法　②v.处理，设法解决　③刁难某人　④与……相矛盾
Ⅲ.①adj.跨代的　②adj.诚挚的；真诚的　③adj.勇敢的
Ⅳ.①n.药房　②n.循环；流通　③n.拔火罐
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在职业生涯中如何学会应对压力，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人。
1．A　[推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者描述了自己在早期职业生涯中常感到不堪重负，直到经理给他一张地球的明信片照片，这张照片至今还影响着作者，结合后文的描述可推知，第一段的作用是引发读者的兴趣，让读者想要了解这张照片如何影响作者的职业生涯。故选A。]
2．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He wanted me to look at Earth...in the context of what others around the world faced.”和“I imagined the good happening to people around the globe...and then weighed my situation.”以及第三段首句的“With this perspective”可推知，作者保留这张地球的照片是因为它提醒他要从全局思考。故选D。]
3．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的“I have recently started my own consulting business”和“entering federal contracting”可推知，作者开始了自己的咨询业务，应是指导进入联邦合同的小公司。mentor在这里的意思是“指导”。故选A。]
4．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段中“my presence ripples(传开) out to their circles of influence，which reaches others’—creating waves again to those that make up all that blue in my picture of Earth”可知，作者讲述了他如何通过一张地球的照片应对职业生涯中的压力，并通过自己的经验去帮助他人，产生了影响力的涟漪。因此，B选项(地球照片引起的涟漪)最能生动地概括文章的主题。故选B。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。俄亥俄州立大学的Russell Fazio和Javier Granados领导的研究发现了消极态度和拖延之间的联系，并指出我们有可能改变权重偏向，逆转拖延任务的趋势。
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“The psychological term，valence weighting bias，describes...whether negative or positive internal ‘signals’ carry the most weight in guiding people’s final behavior.”可知，效价权重偏向指导人们以不同方式做事。故选C。]
6．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Those who thought it was an awful thing to do procrastinated starting.”可知，认为这是一件糟糕的事情的学生是消极的，这些人参与得晚，因此可推知，如果学生们更加积极乐观，他们会更早开始参与。故选B。]
7．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This shift caused the students to accumulate credit hours more quickly than the group whose negative weighting bias and low self-control reliably predicted their delay.”可知，第四段中的实验说明消极权重偏向可以被逆转。故选B。]
8．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Negative weighting bias can have a positive effect on behavior，though...a negative weighting bias may help people be more realistic...”可知，消极权重偏向可能是有益的。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何善待自己以达到个人目标，包括正确认识自我、转变对失败的看法、精选社交圈和培养感恩心态等策略。
1．D　[上文说明善待自己就不会成功是一种误解，D项“对自己照顾不周并不是成功的关键”承接上文，并引出下文不善待自己的真正后果，下文的It指代D项中的Taking poor care of yourself。故选D。]
2．B　[本段下文说明要诚实地评估自己的长处和短处，并弄清楚需要提升的事项，必要时可以寻求专业帮助，B项“接受你的弱点”能够概括并引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选B。]
3．E　[本段主题句指出要改变对失败的看法，空后一句提出如果一直害怕它，你将难以发挥潜力，E项“没有很多失败的经验，你就无法成功”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。]
4．G　[上文说明要让身边围绕的都是能够关心自己的人和希望看到自己提升的人，G项“积极行动起来让自己周围都是充满爱心和值得信赖的人”承接上文内容，符合题意。故选G。]
5．F　[上文说明沮丧和感恩不会同时存在，下文建议练习感恩，并从中获得益处，F项“当你感到沮丧时，试着去寻找那些你可以感激的事情”具体说明练习感恩的做法，承上启下，符合题意。故选F。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位新妈妈妮娜通过社区求助找到了“领养奶奶”克里斯汀，建立起特殊跨代亲情的故事。
1．D　[mistrust不信任；intervention干预；prejudice偏见；loneliness孤独。根据上文“Living far from her own family and with her husband having no parents left”及下文“not just for company”可知，作为一名新妈妈，她在做母亲的旅程中感受到了孤独。故选D。]
2．B　[answer回答；long渴望；prepare准备；arrange安排。根据上文可知，妮娜没有亲人和长辈在身边，所以发现自己渴望陪伴。故选B。]
3．A　[assistance帮助；promise承诺；respect尊重；recognition认可。根据末段的“provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”可推知，此处指妮娜渴望一种跨代援助。故选A。]
4．C　[debatable有争议的；familiar熟悉的；courageous勇敢的；generous慷慨的。根据下文“Nina put out a heartfelt in her community for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie.”可知，妮娜决定迈出勇敢的一步，为孩子寻找一位“领养奶奶”。故选C。]
5．D　[statement声明；option选择；proposal提案；request请求。根据下文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”可知，妮娜在社区中发出了寻找一位“领养奶奶”的请求。故选D。]
6．C　[unappealing不吸引人的；convincing令人信服的；heart-warming暖心的；confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The outpouring of support”和“The unexpected rooted in a simple act of reaching out has not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”可知，这种支持的大量涌现是暖心的。故选C。]
7．B　[document文件；response回应；discussion讨论；investigation调查。根据上文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”并结合下文克里斯汀承担奶奶的角色可知，妮娜发出请求，很多人做出回应。故选B。]
8．D　[professional专业人员；relative亲戚；employer雇主；match相配的人或物。根据下文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，妮娜和孩子需要长辈，而克里斯汀需要孙辈，所以她成为完美的匹配对象。故选D。]
9．A　[channel途径，方法，渠道；babysitter保姆；witness目击者；standard标准。根据上文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，克里斯汀正在寻找一种途径来填补生活中没有孙辈带来的空虚。故选A。]
10．C　[departure离开；affection喜爱；absence缺席，缺乏；objection反对。根据上文“Desperate for a grandchild of her own”可知，克里斯汀想要自己的孙辈，所以此处指缺少孙辈带来的空虚。故选C。]
11．B　[reflect upon反思；take on承担；set aside留出；apply for申请。根据下文“the role of Grandma Christine to little Millie”可知，克里斯汀深情地承担起了奶奶的角色。故选B。]
12．D　[worry担心；remember记住；deny否认；feel感觉。根据上文“lovingly”和下文“she has an unlimited supply of love to give”可知，她感觉自己有无限的爱可以给予米勒。故选D。]
13．B　[limit限制；title称谓，头衔；message信息；prize奖品。根据上文“for an ‘adoptive grandma’ for herself and her baby Millie”和下文“with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine”可知，这种新的关系不仅仅是个称谓，它还给双方带来了珍贵的快乐时光。故选B。]
14．C　[discovery发现；adventure冒险；bond纽带，关系；reunion重聚。根据上文“The newfound relationship goes beyond just a ，with weekly park walks and play dates becoming precious moments for both Nina and Christine.”可知，妮娜和克里斯汀结成了一种令人意想不到的关系。故选C。]
15．A　[release释放；expose暴露；encourage鼓励；illustrate说明。根据句中“not only provided Nina with the care and wisdom of the older generation”以及空后“her tension after giving birth”可知，来自长辈的关心和智慧释放了妮娜产后紧张的情绪。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.experienced　2.to create　3.where　4.without　5.a　6.leading　7.better　8.themselves　9.beneficial　10.approaches选择性必修第三册　Unit 5　Poems
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
From Assyrian to Irish Gaelic，Britain’s National Poetry Library is launching a major project to collect the poetry of thousands of languages in danger of dying out，and preserve them for future generations.
According to UNESCO，of the 7,000 languages spoken in the world more than half are endangered，with one dying every two weeks.For the library，Chris McCabe said，“By the end of the century，UNESCO estimates that half of our languages will be lost，and when languages go，their poetry goes too.”
The library marked Thursday’s National Poetry Day with the launch of an international appeal for well-known poems in endangered languages.
It will collect the works sent in by members of the public for its archives，working with SOAS University of London to preserve at least one poem from each language，alongside an English translation.
The appeal ①coincides with a more local conservation effort from National Poetry Day，which has partnered with the local radio to find distinctive ②regional words from around the U．K.
From Berkshire’s “cheeselog”，or woodlouse，to the West Midlands’s “bobowler”，or large moth，the words have been used as inspiration for new commissions，which are being broadcast by the media.
“It’s such a beautiful word，” said Liz Berry，who took on bobowler.“I think of dialect words as pieces of treasure，which can carry history—they really can conjure up(使想起) the lives of those gone before us in one ③utterance.It’s a beautiful，magical thing.”
“If we lose these regional and national differences in languages，we will lose so much more than just the words，” said Hollie McNish，a Ted Hughes award winner，who wrote about cheeselog.“It would be like what happened with tomatoes once the supermarkets took over：They all started being forced to conform—the same color，shape，size—and all the diversity was lost.I hope，and think，the opposite is happening with regional languages now，and we’ve appreciated the diversity.”
1．Why does Britain’s National Poetry Library start the project
A. To make the celebration more meaningful.
B．To collect the works of some famous poets.
C．To preserve poems in endangered languages.
D．To ease UNESCO’s worry over endangered languages.
2．What is the function of dialect words according to Liz Berry
A. It can bring our ancestors back to life.
B．It can connect people in different areas.
C．It can make people learn about the past.
D．It can add beauty to lives of ancient people.
3．Why does Hollie McNish mention tomatoes in the last paragraph
A. To show diversity of languages should be maintained.
B．To complain about the supermarkets’ strict sale rules.
C．To praise the efforts made to protect regional languages.
D．To stress the differences between regional and national languages.
4．What is the best title for the passage
A. The Severe Situation—Thousands of Languages Are Dying Out
B．Poetry Collection—The Best Way to Preserve Endangered Languages
C．Dialect—One of the Treasures in Human Civilization
D．National Poetry Day—to Save Endangered Languages
语境猜词 ①coincide with ②regional(派)＝region＋al ③utterance(派)＝utter＋ance
B
Today，poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths.But that wasn’t always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics，haiku，and other poetic forms is resurging(再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.
“Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world，” says Sam Illingworth，a poet and a ①geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia.Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.
Stephany Mazon，a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland，joined one of Illingworth’s workshops.In the workshop，she was ②grouped with other scientists and ③tasked with writing a haiku，a 17-syllable-long poem，which spotlighted water，a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects.“It was a lot of fun，and surprisingly easy to write the poem，” Mazon says.She plans to continue writing.“We do a disservice(伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas，” Mazon says.
That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.“Actually，when science communication involves writing and sharing poems，it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts，” he says.Scientist-poet Manjula Silva，an educator at Imperial College London，agrees.Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand，Silva says.
Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others.The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think.We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share.
5．What does the underlined word “exclusive” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Unable to contrast at the same time.
B．Unable to detect each other.
C．Unable to distinct from each other.
D．Unable to exist at the same time.
6．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do
A. Promote a new science-poetry journal.
B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science.
C．Encourage science communication through poems.
D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research.
7．What does Illingworth think of the dominant ways of science communication
A．Conventional. B．Effective.
C．Innovative. D．Complex.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Poetry：A Great Tool to Question the World
B．Scientists Take on Poetry
C．Science Communication：A Two-way Dialogue
D．Scientists and Poets Think Alike
语境猜词 ①geoscientist(派)＝geo＋scientist ②group(转)n.→v. ③task(转)n.→v.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·江苏南京、盐城一模)
Once a year in a small mountain village，the Mande people gather to hear the folk stories of their traditions.The man playing an instrument called Sosso-Bala while singing is the ①storyteller.He holds all the folk knowledge of the Mande people.
Most of us don’t have a musical instrument that ties us together，but we have someone in our lives who’s the keeper of our folk knowledge.Often it’s a grandmother，who keeps all our stories of wisdom ready to tell upon request. 1 What’s the best way to get a baby to sleep Where do I come from What’s my ②moral compass The stories provide an answer，and it’s useful to speak with someone who knows how things are done.
2 Researchers have documented folk knowledge in other species—whales returning to parts of the sea that they’d abandoned a generation before；monkeys that communicate hunting skills to their offspring(后代)．Folk knowledge is not only culture，it’s also survival. 3
Traditionally，we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table. 4 Look at any social media，and you’ll see folk knowledge at work and at play.It’s exploded as we’re trained to look for information online，rather than from within.In this case，③chances are that our questions can be answered with ④misinformation.
But we don’t gather once a year to reality check our “folk stories” as the Mande people do；nor do we center our folk traditions around a musical instrument.The Internet has no reality except its own and，left unchecked，its wisdom has no rhythm(节奏)． 5
A．It’s just chaos.
B．This is why we do it.
C．Human wisdom has been passed down through generations.
D．The stories can be useful for dealing with all sorts of doubts.
E．Nowadays，folk knowledge has expanded to digital networks.
F．Now the Internet has made valuable folk wisdom at your fingertips.
G．Recently，we discovered that this very human practice isn’t limited to humans.
1．A B C D E F G
2．A B C D E F G
3．A B C D E F G
4．A B C D E F G
5．A B C D E F G
语境猜词 ①storyteller(合)＝story＋teller ②moral compass ③chances are that ④misinformation(派)＝mis＋information
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·河南周口模拟预测)
On a recent Sunday morning jog through Prospect Park，Martinus Evans was received like a conquering champion.Every few minutes，a passing 1 would smile and nod，congratulating him as they 2 .
Mr Evans is the 3 of Slow AF Run Club.At 300 pounds，he is a 4 figure among runners who have felt left out of the sport.He’s ①graced the cover of Runner’s World and 5 in the ads of sports brands.And this month，he’s releasing his first book.
The idea for the club was born at about mile 16 of the 2018 New York City Marathon，just after the tiring Queensboro Bridge into Manhattan.Mr Evans was running along when he 6 a man gesturing from the sidelines.
“You’re 7 ，buddy，” the man shouted，adding an ②impolite word to indicate just how slow.Mr Evans tried to 8 him，and turned his attention back to the 9 .Six hours behind the winner，he 10 finished it in over eight hours.But as the ③bystander repeated his 11 word，Mr Evans got angrier—then 12 .The next time he raced，he wore a shirt with that man’s phrase，and a cartoon of a smiling turtle.When he 13 photos of his new uniform on social media， 14 asked for shirts of their own.By early 2019，his running club was born.
He said his driving message is simple：“I want everyone to know that they can run in the 15 they have right now.”
1．A.driver B．runner
C．volunteer D．cleaner
2．A.cheered up B．showed up
C．sped by D．stood by
3．A.founder B．coach
C．member D．counselor
4．A.clever B．dishonest
C．terrible D．beloved
5．A.registered B．appeared
C．competed D．believed
6．A.missed B．hit
C．defeated D．noticed
7．A.lazy B．injured
C．slow D．ambitious
8．A.ignore B．persuade
C．overtake D．defend
9．A.man B．bridge
C．course D．river
10．A.barely B．literally
C．unwillingly D．eventually
11．A.humorous B．rude
C．confusing D．frank
12．A.inspired B．shocked
C．depressed D．disappointed
13．A.promoted B．shared
C．took D．identified
14．A.operators B．sponsors
C．followers D．assistants
15．A.company B．status
C．issue D．body
语境猜词 ①grace(转)n.→v. ②impolite(派)＝im＋polite ③bystander(合)＝by＋stander
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation in arts and technology.During this period，China was the 1. (large) and most influential country in the world.The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry，when poetry 2. (reach) its peak.
In this age，poetry had developed well as the most important literary form，the writing of 3._________ became the feature of everyday life in China.Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves.Tang poets are perhaps the best 4. (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures.①Furthermore，composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination，which was held 5. (select) talents for the government.
During this long period of nearly 300 years，more than 50,000 poems 6. (create) by more than 2,200 poets ②from all walks of life.A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu，a 7. (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people.Sun’s book became the best-seller soon after its publication.The compiler said，“8._________(learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart，you can chant though you don’t know the art.”
Tang poems are ③characterized by 9. variety of forms，the beauty of imaginations and the ④broadness of themes.In general，Tang poetry has strict patterns，written in sentences of fixed length，usually with each line having five 10. seven characters long.
语境猜词 ①furthermore(合)＝further＋more ②from all walks of life ③characterize(派)＝character＋ize ④broadness(派)＝broad＋ness
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①与……相符，与……一致　②adj.地区的，区域的　③n.话语；言论
B．①n.地球学家　②把……分组　③派给……任务
Ⅱ.①讲故事的人　②道德准则　③很有可能　④虚假消息
Ⅲ.①使增光，使荣耀　②adj.不礼貌的，粗鲁的　③n.旁观者
Ⅳ.①adv.此外，而且　②来自各行各业　③v.使具有特点；是……的特征
④n.广泛；宽阔；宽广
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英国国家诗歌图书馆正在启动一个重大项目，旨在收集数千种濒危语言的诗歌，并为子孙后代保存它们。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，英国国家诗歌图书馆启动这个项目是为了保存濒危语言的诗歌。故选C。]
2．C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I think of dialect words as pieces of treasure，which can carry history—they really can conjure up(使想起) the lives of those gone before us in one utterance.”可知，利兹·贝里认为方言词汇是宝藏，可以承载历史，可以用一句话让我们想象出前人的生活。由此推知，利兹·贝里认为方言词汇能让我们了解历史。故选C。]
3．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If we lose these regional and national differences in languages，we will lose so much more than just the words”和“It would be like what happened with tomatoes once the supermarkets took over：They all started being forced to conform—the same color，shape，size—and all the diversity was lost.”可知，霍利·麦克尼什认为如果我们失去了这些地区和国家的语言差异，我们将失去的就不仅仅是文字，就像番茄被迫变成同一模样，所有的多样性都消失了。由此推知，提及番茄是为了表明应保留语言的多样性。故选A。]
4．D　[标题归纳题。根据第一段的“Britain’s National Poetry Library is launching a major project to collect the poetry of thousands of languages in danger of dying out，and preserve them for future generations”和第三段“The library marked Thursday’s National Poetry Day with the launch of an international appeal for well-known poems in endangered languages.”可知，英国国家诗歌图书馆发起诗歌征集活动是为了拯救数千种濒临灭绝的语言，并且纪念国家诗歌日。D项(国家诗歌日——拯救濒危语言)能概括文章内容，是本文的最佳标题。故选D。]
5．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“But that wasn’t always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.”可知，后文举例说明诗歌和科学可以同时存在，结合but表示转折，可知画线词所在句意思是：如今，诗歌和科学通常被认为是不能同时存在的职业道路。故画线词意思是“不能同时存在”。故选D。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.”可知，伊林沃思的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。故选C。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.”可知，伊林沃思认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。故选A。]
8．B　[标题归纳题。文中提到一些历史人物，如数学家 Ada Lovelace 和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell 都是杰出的诗人，说明诗歌和科学在过去并不是相互排斥的领域。文章介绍了Sam Illingworth的学者和诗人的身份交替以及他如何鼓励科学家们将自己的成果转化为诗歌，从而向更广泛的受众灌输他们的最新研究成果。此外，文章也引用了科学家Manjula Silva的观点，认为诗歌为将复杂的科学概念转化为大家都可以理解的语言提供了方便。综上，文章主要强调科学家开始研究诗歌。B选项“科学家研究诗歌”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。]
Ⅱ.
1．D　[上文“Often it’s a grandmother，who keeps all our stories of wisdom ready to tell upon request.”提到祖母保有所有的智慧故事，空后列举了三个问题，并指出这些故事能提供答案，选项D“这些故事可以用来解决各种各样的疑问”承接上文，说明这些故事的作用。故选D。]
2．G　[下文“Researchers have documented folk knowledge in other species...communicate hunting skills to their offspring(后代)．”说明其他物种也有把知识技能传给下一代的行为，选项G“最近，我们发现这种人类特有的行为并不局限于人类”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。]
3．B　[上文“Folk knowledge is not only culture，it’s also survival.”说明知识传承是非常重要的，选项B“这就是我们这么做的原因”总结上文。故选B。]
4．E　[上文“Traditionally，we share it in small units—families sharing around a dinner table.”介绍了民间知识传播的传统形式，选项E“如今，民间知识已经扩展到数字网络”承接上文，介绍现在知识传承的新形式，folk knowledge在上一段和空后一句均有复现。故选E。]
5．A　[上文“The Internet has no reality except its own and，left unchecked，its wisdom has no rhythm(节奏)．”说明如果互联网不受到限制，它的智慧就没有节奏，选项A“就是一片混乱”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，是对“没有节奏”的进一步阐明。故选A。]
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Martinus Evans创办了Slow AF Run Club，并以自己的行动激励了更多想跑步的人。
1．B　[driver司机；runner跑步者；volunteer志愿者；cleaner保洁员。根据第二段中“At 300 pounds，he is a figure among runners who have felt left out of the sport.”可知，路过的跑步者微笑着向Martinus Evans点头。故选B。]
2．C　[cheer up欢呼；show up出现；speed by飞驰而过；stand by袖手旁观。根据前文“a passing would smile and nod，congratulating him”可知，每一位跑步者都从Martinus Evans身边飞驰而过。故选C。]
3．A　[founder创始人；coach教练；member成员；counselor顾问。根据第三段中“The idea for the club was born at...”以及倒数第二段最后一句“By early 2019，his running club was born.”可知，Evans是Slow AF Run Club的创始人。故选A。]
4．D　[clever聪明的；dishonest不诚实的；terrible糟糕的；beloved深受喜爱的。根据前文“Mr Evans is the of Slow AF Run Club.”和后文“He’s graced the cover of Runner’s World and in the ads of sports brands.And this month，he’s releasing his first book.”可知，Evans深受跑步者的喜爱。故选D。]
5．B　[register登记；appear出现；compete竞争；believe相信。根据后文“in the ads of sports brands”可知，Evans出现在运动品牌的广告中。故选B。]
6．D　[miss失去；hit击打；defeat打败；notice注意到。根据前文“Mr Evans was running along when he”和后文“a man gesturing from the sidelines”可知，Evans正跑着，这时他注意到一个人在打手势。故选D。]
7．C　[lazy懒惰的；injured受伤的；slow慢的；ambitious雄心壮志的。根据后文“indicate just how slow”可知，那人说Evans太慢了。故选C。]
8．A　[ignore忽视，不理睬；persuade劝说；overtake超过；defend防御。根据后文“turned his attention back to the ”可知，Evans不理睬那个男人，转移了自己的注意力。故选A。]
9．C　[man男人；bridge桥；course赛道；river河。根据前文“Mr Evans tried to him，and turned his attention back to”并结合语境可知，Evans把注意力转回赛道。故选C。]
10．D　[barely仅仅；literally按字面意思地；unwillingly不情愿地；eventually最后。根据后文“finished it in over eight hours”可知，最终Evans跑完了全程，故选D。]
11．B　[humorous幽默的；rude粗鲁的，无理的；confusing令人困惑的；frank坦率的。根据前文“‘You’re ，buddy，’ the man shouted，adding an impolite word to indicate just how slow.”可知，旁观者重复着粗鲁无理的话。故选B。]
12．A　[inspired受到鼓舞的，受到启发的；shocked震惊的；depressed沮丧的；disappointed失望的。根据后文“The next time he raced，he wore a shirt with that man’s phrase，and a cartoon of a smiling turtle.”可知，Evans受到启发。故选A。]
13．B　[promote提升；share分享；take拿走；identify确认 。根据后文“photos of his new uniform on social media”可知，Evans在社交媒体上分享他的新衬衫的照片。故选B。]
14．C　[operator操作员；sponsor赞助商；follower关注者，粉丝；assistant助理。根据第二段中“At 300 pounds，he is a figure among runners who have felt left out of the sport.”和后文“asked for shirts of their own”可知，Evans的粉丝想要相同的衬衫。故选C。]
15．D　[company公司；status状态；issue问题；body身体。根据常识和第二段中“At 300 pounds，he is a figure among runners who have felt left out of the sport.”和全文可知，Evans想让每个人都知道，他们现在的身体可以跑步。故选D。]
Ⅳ.1.largest　2.reached　3.which　4.known　5.to select　6.were created　7.collection　8.Learning/Having learned
9．the　10.or

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