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选择性必修第一册　Unit 1　Laugh out loud!
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济南期末)
From the day we’re born，curiosity becomes a primary driving force that motivates us to explore unknown ideas and territories in search of answers and stimulations.Human beings have an inborn desire to close the “curiosity gap” every day.
A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.Evan Polman，assistant professor of marketing at the University of Wisconsin-Madison，said，“Our research shows that ①fueling people’s curiosity can influence their choices by turning them away from inviting desires，like unhealthy foods or taking the elevator，and toward less inviting but healthier options，such as buying more fresh produce or taking the stairs.”
To prove the positive potential of the curiosity gap，Polman and his team conducted a series of experiments designed to test how curiosity affected the choices people made positively.In each study，arousing curiosity resulted in ②noticeable behavior change.For example，in one of the experiments，Polman increased the number of participants who chose to watch a video of academic nature by promising that they would reveal the secret behind a magic trick at the end of the video.
The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.In one field study，the researchers created a 10 percent increase in the use of stairs in a university building by posting trivial(琐事) questions near the elevators and posting the answers in the stairwell.In another，they increased the purchase of fresh produce by placing a joke on the posters describing the fruit or vegetable.
Polman was surprised by the degree that taking advantage of the curiosity gap could motivate people to automatically make healthier lifestyle choices.He concluded，“Our results suggest that using interventions based on curiosity gaps has the potential to increase participation in desired behaviors for which people often lack motivation.It also provides new evidence that curiosity-based interventions come at an incredibly small cost and could help push people toward a variety of positive actions.”
1．What did a recent study find about curiosity
A．It fuels people’s desires.
B．It lowers people’s purchasing power.
C．It benefits people’s health.
D．It determines people’s lives.
2．What were those experiments by Polman’s team aimed at
A．Supporting a theory.
B．Raising a research topic.
C．Arousing scientists’ interest.
D．Displaying negative evidence.
3．What is Polman’s attitude to the results of field studies
A．Doubtful. B．Unclear.
C．Approving. D．Dismissive.
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．How to Stay Curious
B．The Magic of Curiosity
C．How to Make Health Choices
D．The Two Sides of Curiosity Gap
语境猜词 ①fuel(转)n.→v. ②noticeable(派)＝notice＋able
B
(2025·河南模拟预测)
Can happiness be obtained—by learning about it in school The University of Bristol’s Science of Happiness course，which launched in 2018，is helping answer that question.Not your typical college class，the innovative course features absolutely no tests or work.Instead it focuses on teaching students what the latest studies in psychology suggest really makes people happy.Now，the research team behind that class has released a new study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.
Thanks to their course，researchers had already established that teaching students about the latest scientific studies focusing on happiness results in a ①notable improvement in well-being.During this latest project，they took things a step further.Their work shows that increases in well-being among students are ultimately short-lived—unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.
“It’s like going to the gym—we can’t expect to do one class and be fit forever.Just as with physical health，we have to continuously work on our mental health，otherwise the improvements are temporary，” explains senior study author Professor Bruce Hood.Students who took the happiness course reported a 10 to 15 percent improvement in well-being.However，only those who continued practicing what they learned during the course reported sustained improved well-being upon being surveyed again two years later.This project is the first ever to track the well-being of students who had taken a happiness course long after the class ended.
“To gain more information about happiness，we’ll continue studying.What we teach is related to positive psychology interventions(干预) that take your attention away from yourself，by helping others，being with friends，or ②thankfulness，” Prof.Hood said.“This is the opposite of the current principle，but countless studies have shown that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from negative thinking.”
Prof.Hood turned the course into a new book titled The Science of Happiness：Seven Lessons for Living Well.The book details an evidence-informed roadmap to better well-being.
5．What do we know about Science of Happiness course
A. It’s an analysis of students’ exams.
B．It’s a research platform for the team.
C．It’s the team’s theoretical foundation.
D．It’s the collection of research processes.
6．Why does Prof.Hood mention “the gym” in paragraph 3
A．To offer a solution. B．To make a prediction.
C．To illustrate an idea. D．To raise a question.
7．Which of the following belongs to the current principle
A. Talking to strangers.
B．Giving gifts to others.
C．Spending money on oneself.
D．Walking in nature with friends.
8．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To assess a new way to study happiness.
B．To show a new study result on happiness.
C．To comment on a book about happiness.
D．To stress the need of gaining happiness.
语境猜词 ①notable(合)＝not(e)＋able ②thankfulness(派)＝thank＋ful＋ness
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Have more fun.Learn new things.These aren’t bad New Year’s resolutions.But where do you start？ 1
Ask yourself how you want to feel.
Hobbies present an ①escape—they can help you get out of your head and calm down，says Matthew J．Zawadzke，an ②associate professor of health psychology at the University of California. 2 Mentally engaged Distracted Relaxed Socially connected It’s also helpful to consider what your life is missing，like creativity or physical activity.
Start small.
3 ③Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you，advises Rebecca Weiler，a mental health advisor.“You can always do more later，” she says.If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit，join an outing or two with a local Meetup group.Or sign up for a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight.
4
When you were a kid，what did you want to be when you grew up The answer could point you toward an appealing hobby，Weiler says.“If you wanted to be a major league player，what can you do now that fulfills that urge for you？” she asks.Joining a softball team or coaching some neighborhood kids could awaken a passion.
Go back to school.
Consider signing up for a lesson to learn more about a potential hobby，Weiler advises.Always dreamed of producing a novel 5 Interested in family history Take a genealogy(宗谱学) class.Plenty of e-courses are available free or at a low price.
A．Take a trip back in time.
B．Join a fiction writers group.
C．There’s no such thing as one perfect enthusiasm.
D．Don’t invest a ton of time and money in a new hobby immediately.
E．He suggests asking yourself how you want an activity to make you feel.
F．His research indicates that people feel guilty about spending time on leisure.
G．Experts can help you to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love.
语境猜词 ①escape(熟义：v.逃跑；逃脱) 生义(文义)： ②associate(熟义：v.联想；联系) 生义(文义)： ③ease in
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·河南新乡二模)
I’m a teacher at a local high school.One day，I found myself 1 a brilliant moment in the cafeteria.During lunch，I noticed one of my 2 Jason holding up his tray(托盘) with a confused expression. 3 ，he was having trouble deciding where to sit in the 4 cafeteria.After some ①hesitation，he approached a table where a few students were absorbed in their own 5 and asked if he could join them.They welcomed him，and he 6 ，looking content.
Moments later，another student approached the table and asked if he could join them.Jason seized the 7 to introduce an element of fun and challenge.He asked the boy if he could answer a riddle before joining them.Interested，the boy 8 ，and Jason presented him with the riddle：“What has 9 but can’t open locks？” After a moment of thought，the boy admitted he didn’t know the answer.With a mischievous grin，Jason pointed to the piano in the corner of the cafeteria and 10 that the answer was “a piano”．The other students 11 .The table soon became known as the “riddle table”，attracting students who were 12 to solve riddles.
As a teacher，I couldn’t help but appreciate the 13 and friendship ②unfolded during the lunch period.It turns out that sometimes，a little intellectual challenge can 14 a random cafeteria table into the hottest spot in school.Definitely a 15 move by Jason.
1．A.witnessing B．bringing
C．providing D．exploring
2．A.teachers B．customers
C．students D．colleagues
3．A.Ideally B．Obviously
C．Modestly D．Literally
4．A.fashionable B．splendid
C．beautiful D．crowded
5．A.professions B．territories
C．conversations D．situations
6．A.ran away B．settled in
C．stepped out D．looked up
7．A.opportunity B．emphasis
C．advocate D．absence
8．A.resisted B．calmed
C．hesitated D．agreed
9．A.doors B．arms
C．keys D．legs
10．A.insisted B．revealed
C．suggested D．thought
11．A.laughed B．exploded
C．shouted D．apologized
12．A.clever B．tired
C．eager D．afraid
13．A.creativity B．kindness
C．mission D．relation
14．A.load B．inject
C．feed D．turn
15．A.curious B．genius
C．suitable D．heroic
语境猜词 ①hesitation(派)＝hesitat(e)＋ion ②unfold(派)＝un＋fold
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Jili silk is a type of silk produced in Jili Village，Huzhou City，Zhejiang Province.Jili Village has produced silk 1. the village was established in the late Yuan Dynasty.Jili silk is soft and ①fine with 2. even thickness and shiny white color.With these features，Jili silk is widely recognized in China and across the world.
In the mid-Ming Dynasty this silk became well-known for 3. (be) one of the materials used to make the emperor’s robes.In the Qing Dynasty，the government used to purchase a large amount of Jili silk each year.In 1851，Shanghai merchant Xu Rongcun took Jili silk to the first World Expo held in London，4. the fabric won two top awards.In 2011，Jili silk 5. (include) in the list of China’s national ②intangible cultural heritage items.
The silkworm(蚕) 6. (raise) for Jili silk is called the Lianxin，literally meaning lotus seed.In Jili Village，wooden reeling tools were designed 7.________ (specific) for Jili silk.The silk making technique was traditionally passed down by female members of a family.In addition to being used for clothes，③quality Jili silk can also be made into strings for Chinese guqin，or used as materials 8. (restore) ancient silk scrolls(卷轴)．
Today，through genetic screening technology，inheritors of Jili silk making can make silk with natural colors.The step of dyeing(染色) thus becomes 9. (necessary) in some cases.The efforts of combining the 10. (wise) of Jili silk making with modern technology are giving a new life to the ancient Chinese handicraft in the modern era.
语境猜词 ①fine(熟义：adj.身体好的) 生义(文义)： ②intangible(派)＝in＋tangible ③quality(转)n.→adj.
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①增加；加强；刺激　②adj.显而易见的
B．①adj.显著的，值得注意的　②n.感激
Ⅱ.①n.消遣；解脱　②adj.副的　③使逐步适应
Ⅲ.①n.犹豫　②v.打开，展开
Ⅳ.①adj.高质量的　②adj.无形的　③高质量的，优质的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了好奇心对人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择具有积极影响。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“A recent study found that curiosity can be a highly effective way to lead people to make smarter and healthier lifestyle choices.”可知，研究发现好奇心能够被用来引导人们做出更健康的生活选择，即有益于人们的健康。故选C。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，为了证明好奇心差距的积极潜力，Polman和他的团队进行了一系列实验证明好奇心如何积极影响人们的选择，即这些实验是为了支持一个理论。故选A。]
3．C　[观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“The results of the field studies on curiosity were particularly convincing to Polman.”可知，Polman对实地研究的结果是极其信服的，即他对实地研究的结果是赞同的。故选C。]
4．B　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段可知，这篇文章主要讲述了利用好奇心让人们做出更聪明和更健康的生活选择的研究及其结果。B选项“好奇心的魔力”能够概括文章主要内容，适合作标题。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。布里斯托大学于2018年推出了幸福科学课程。这门课程背后的研究小组最近发布了一项新的研究报告：我们可以学习如何变得快乐，同时，持续实践课程所教的方法可以使快乐更长久。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now，the research team behind that class has released a new study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.”以及第三段中的“This project is the first ever to track the well-being of students who had taken a happiness course long after the class ended.”可知，这门课程为这个研究小组提供了研究平台。故选B。]
6．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段“Thanks to their course...unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.”可知，他们的研究表明，学生幸福感的提高最终是短暂的，除非个人长期使用课程中所教授的内容；再根据第三段中的“It’s like going to the gym—we can’t expect to do one class and be fit forever.”可推知，Hood提到the gym(健身房)是在举例说明：要学习如何变得快乐，必须要坚持长期实践该课程所学的内容，这就像去健身房一样，不能指望上一堂课就能永远保持健康。故选C。]
7．C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“What we teach is related to positive psychology interventions(干预) that take your attention away from yourself，by helping others，being with friends，or thankfulness”以及“This is the opposite of the current principle，but countless studies have shown that getting out of our own heads helps get us away from negative thinking.”可知，“the current principle”关注的是“自我”，而幸福科学课程关注的是“与他人交往”，因此推断C项“给自己花钱”属于“the current principle”。故选C。]
8．B　[写作意图题。通读全文，尤其第一段中的“Now，the research team behind that class has released a new study reporting it really is possible to learn how to be happy.”和第二段中的“Their work shows that increases in well-being among students are ultimately short-lived—unless individuals practice what’s been taught during the course for ages.”可知，本文主要介绍了幸福科学课程背后的研究团队对幸福快乐进行研究所得到的成果：我们可以学会快乐，同时，我们要持续实践课程所教的方法，比如帮助他人、感恩他人等，这种快乐才能长久。因此推断作者的写作目的是展示一项关于幸福的新研究结果。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.G　2.E　3.D　4.A　5.B
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在学校食堂看到学生们自发进行一个有趣的猜谜游戏。
1．A　[witness目击，见证；bring带来；provide提供；explore探索。根据“a brilliant moment in the cafeteria”以及下文叙述可知，作者见证了一个精彩的时刻。故选A。]
2．C　[teacher老师；customer顾客；student学生；colleague同事。根据“I’m a teacher at a local high school.”和“he approached a table where a few students...”可知，Jason是作者的学生。故选C。]
3．B　[ideally理想地；obviously明显地；modestly谦虚地；literally字面上。根据“he was having trouble deciding where to sit”和“After some hesitation”可知，显然，他找不到座位。故选B。]
4．D　[fashionable时尚的；splendid壮观的；beautiful美丽的；crowded拥挤的。根据“Moments later，another student approached the table and asked if he could join them.”可知，食堂很拥挤，没有很多空余的座位。故选D。]
5．C　[profession职业；territory领土；conversation谈话；situation情况。根据“asked if he could join them”可知，那几个学生正在交谈。故选C。]
6．B　[run away逃跑；settle in定居，安顿下来；step out离开，退出；look up查阅，向上看。根据“They welcomed him”可知，他找到座位安顿下来。故选B。]
7．A　[opportunity机会；emphasis强调，重点；advocate拥护者，支持者；absence缺席。根据“He asked the boy if he could answer a riddle before joining them.”可知，Jason让那个男孩猜谜语，因此是抓住机会引入有趣和有挑战性的猜谜游戏。故选A。]
8．D　[resist抵制；calm使平静；hesitate犹豫；agree同意。根据“Jason presented him with the riddle”可知，男孩同意了Jason的提议。故选D。]
9．C　[door门；arm手臂；key琴键，钥匙；leg腿。根据下文“the answer was ‘a piano’”可知，此处的谜语是“什么东西有钥匙却打不开锁？”key也有琴键的意思。故选C。]
10．B　[insist坚持；reveal揭露；suggest建议；think认为。根据“After a moment of thought，the boy admitted he didn’t know the answer.”可知，Jason揭开谜底。故选B。]
11．A　[laugh笑；explode爆炸；shout喊叫；apologize道歉。根据“The table soon became known as the ‘riddle table’，attracting students”可知，猜谜语的游戏吸引了很多学生，因此其他学生觉得有趣，笑了。故选A。]
12．C　[clever聪明的；tired劳累的；eager渴望的；afraid害怕的。根据“to solve riddles”可知，此处表示猜谜语游戏吸引了很多热爱解谜的学生。故选C。]
13．A　[creativity创造力；kindness善良；mission使命，任务；relation关系。根据“It turns out that sometimes，a little intellectual challenge can __________ a random cafeteria table into the hottest spot in school.”可知，一个小小的猜谜挑战可以把一张随机的食堂桌子变成学校里最热门的地方，这是富有创造力的事。故选A。]
14．D　[load承载，装载；inject给……注射；feed喂养；turn转变，转向。根据“a random cafeteria table into the hottest spot in school”可知，此处表示把一张随机的食堂桌子变成学校里最热门的地方，turn...into...为固定搭配，意为“把……转变成……”。故选D。]
15．B　[curious好奇的；genius天才般的；suitable合适的；heroic英勇的。根据“a little intellectual challenge can ______ a random cafeteria table into the hottest spot in school”可知，作者认为这一切都是Jason的天才之举。故选B。]
Ⅳ.1.since　2.an　3.being　4.where　5.was included
6．raised　7.specifically　8.to restore　9.unnecessary　10.wisdom选择性必修第一册　Unit 2　Onwards and upwards
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972，he referred to his subjects—a Ugandan group called the Ik—as “the loveless people”. After two years of observations，he decided that they reflected humanity’s basest(最卑劣的) instincts(本能)：cheat，thievery，and pitilessness.But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look，they identified a community that shared everything.“Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine(饥荒)．All he saw is what happens when people are starving，” says Aktipis.But her team revealed that despite living under pressure，the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought.“It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives，” she says.By studying the unique，selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist，the experts from the project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points.They rely on ①two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need，without expecting any repayment.Also，a world away，in New Mexico，while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return，they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties，such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any ②interdependent systems.Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone.Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live，which means millions of Americans can’t afford it.But in a system built on neighboring，pooled costs(合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters.
1．What did Turnbull think of the Ik people
A．Heartless. B．Helpful.
C．Restless. D．Generous.
2．What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B．Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C．Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D．Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
3．What does paragraph 3 intend to convey
A．Friendships guarantee a happy life.
B．Folks assist each other to get support.
C．Cooperation is a good and natural instinct.
D．People tend to provide resources for free.
4．How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings
A. By designing a policy for public health.
B．By monitoring individual health histories.
C．By creating a system against collective hardship.
D．By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
语境猜词 ①two-way(合)＝two＋way ②interdependent(派)＝inter＋dependent
B
“I spilled soup all over the table，but it wasn’t my fault.”“I got into trouble at school，but it wasn’t my fault.” Such statements are often heard.“It’s not my fault” is actually a common response for so many people and especially teenagers.Parents complain that they’re tired of the “excuses”．
The reason why ①variations of “it’s not my fault” are so popular is that they get us out of guilt，blame and anger.Those emotions may come from others’ reactions or our own self-talks.In the case of adolescents，they are often trying to escape responsibility and punishment for mistakes.
Some teens would benefit from decreasing their self-blame.Those who blame themselves for things that they can’t control tend to be highly self-critical and are more likely to be anxious.
Many teens overly rely on “it’s not my fault”．However，overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of helplessness to control their own lives.Besides，“it’s not my fault” focuses a teen’s attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done.In trying to get them to assume responsibility，many parents attempt to convince their children that something is their fault，but the approach tends to be ②ineffective.A more effective approach is to face up to drawbacks to find solutions to the drawbacks actively.
People may not have caused all their problems，but they have to solve them anyway.Getting stuck in sharing blame often keeps people from moving forward effectively.What does one do if he is pushed into a deep lake One could certainly stay in water，yelling，“It’s not my fault.” However，that is not going to get him out of water.At some point，he needs to swim to shore，regardless of the fault.
Like most things in life，freeing ourselves from blame has its advantages and disadvantages.The question isn’t what is “right”，but what is most effective in moving forward.
5．Who is likely to rely on “it’s not my fault”？
A. A highly self-critical teenager.
B．A teenager unwilling to admit a fault.
C．A teenager facing up to his responsibilities.
D．A teenager anxious about uncontrollable things.
6．What is the author’s advice on getting teens to assume responsibility
A. Letting them focus on what is done.
B．Persuading them to admit their fault.
C．Making them correct the mistake actively.
D．Helping them analyze the reason for the mistake.
7．Why does the author raise such a question in paragraph 5
A. To put forward a new solution to drawbacks.
B．To show handling problems should come first.
C．To explain why teenagers get stuck in sharing blame.
D．To analyze what kind of problem is caused by others.
8．What is the author’s purpose in writing this text
A. To help teenagers out of self-blame.
B．To tell parents how to educate children.
C．To help teenagers face mistakes properly.
D．To tell children to do self-talks consciously.
语境猜词 ①variation(派)＝var(y)＋i＋ation ②ineffective(派)＝in＋effect＋ive
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏南通等六市模拟预测)
Pursue Your Dreams Today，Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams，trapped in a cycle of delay.But why wait 1 You don’t have to take a huge，life-changing step.You can take minute steps toward a brighter future.And start right now.
2 If you never try，you’re going to be ①weighed down by your regrets.You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself.Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed.Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. 3 Embrace a ②mindset of determination，knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day，you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction.If you allow your fear to get the best of you，you’re never going to forgive yourself. 4 It’s what you would encourage your friends to do，so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push
Sometimes，following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day.It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule，but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts.Try to ③strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. 5
Pursue your dreams now，even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone，and even though it means entering the unknown.
A．Ask yourself what would be worse.
B．Starting small is completely acceptable.
C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E．If things go well，you can gradually make further shifts.
F．You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G．Hard as it is，it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
语境猜词 ①weigh down ②mindset(合)＝mind＋set ③strike a balance
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Roger Bannister，born in Harrow，London，early showed a talent for running.University education was beyond the 1 of his working-class parents，but he was 2 to secure a place at one of England’s top universities and pursue a career in 3 .
Luckily，owing to his academic efforts，Bannister was awarded a scholarship by Oxford University，where his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and 4 from the sports media.Surprisingly，he 5 to compete in the 1948 Olympics in London，preferring to focus on his 6 and his medical studies.By 1951，Bannister had won the British ①championship in the mile and felt 7 for Olympic competition. 8 ，a last-minute change in the schedule 9 him to compete without resting between ②events and he finished just fourth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics.To break the four-minute mile barrier，Bannister 10 45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training.On May 6,1954，at Oxford，his 11 eventually paid off.At age 25，Bannister made history，crossing the finish line at 3：59.4.When the announcer read out the time：“3...”，the rest was 12 by the cheering crowd.In the following famous “Mile of the Century” race，Bannister 13 Australian runner John Landy with a time of 3：58.8 to Landy’s 3：59.6，both under four minutes.In 1955，Bannister’s ③autobiography，First Four Minutes，was published.
Bannister’s 14 to academic medicine is equally remarkable，but his spirit of the four-minute mile is 15 to not only people of our era，but to before and after.
1．A.hope B．reach
C．sight D．control
2．A.excited B．surprised
C．satisfied D．determined
3．A.medicine B．biology
C．history D．literature
4．A.support B．guidance
C．permission D．recognition
5．A.decided B．planned
C．declined D．promised
6．A.family B．training
C．profession D．competition
7．A.cool B．proud
C．ready D．afraid
8．A.Naturally B．Actually
C．Obviously D．Unfortunately
9．A.forced B．allowed
C．expected D．encouraged
10．A.take in B．set aside
C．carry away D．get through
11．A.interest B．effort
C．courage D．attention
12．A.favored B．attracted
C．drowned D．confirmed
13．A.defeated B．inspected
C．overlooked D．approached
14．A.promise B．attitude
C．contribution D．viewpoint
15．A.inspirational B．considerate
C．aggressive D．controversial
语境猜词 ①championship(派)＝champion＋ship ②event(熟义：n.事件) 生义(文义)： ③autobiography(派)＝auto＋biography
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A skywell，or “tian jing” in Chinese，is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.They are commonly seen in homes 1. (date) to the Ming and Qing dynasties，which 2. (design) to ①house different generations of relatives.Despite their varied sizes and designs，these skywells are typically square and located in 3._____________ heart of the house.They serve to allow in light，enhance airflow，and harvest rainwater.
Since decades ago，the government 4. (advocate) green buildings，promoting environmentally-friendly practice.The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells 5._______________ modern use.Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings 6. (save) energy.The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province，for example，brings natural airflows into every floor with internal “②windpipes” 7._____________ function in a similar way to skywells.The aim is to keep the building’s temperature 8. (comfort) in all seasons，using only natural airflow.
The fact that skywells still exist today shows 9. clever ancient builders were in using nature’s elements to create ③energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces.These timeless architectural 10. (wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings.
语境猜词 ①house(转)n.→v. ②windpipe(合)＝wind＋pipe ③energy-sufficient(合)＝energy＋sufficient
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adj.双向的　②adj.(各部分)相互依存的
B．①n.变化，变动　②adj.无效果的，不起作用的
Ⅱ.①压垮　②n.观念模式，思维倾向　③找到折中办法，达成平衡
Ⅲ.①n.锦标赛　②n.比赛项目；体育赛事　③n.自传
Ⅳ.①安置；容纳　②n.通风管　③adj.能源充足的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Athena Aktipis通过研究发现，利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益，可以通过合作建立一个对抗集体困难的制度。
1．A　[观点态度题。根据第一段第一句“美国人类学家Colin Turnbull在1972年出版了《山民》，他把他的研究对象——一个叫作Ik的乌干达群体——称为‘无爱的人’”可知，Turnbull认为Ik人很无情，故选A。]
2．D　[词义猜测题。根据第一段末句“但她的团队透露，尽管生活在压力之下，但Ik人非常重视在可能的情况下帮助他人”及画线词下文“人们被认为只会做有利于自己或亲人的事情”可知，人们实际上比以往的学术观点更倾向于帮助他人，故推测画线词应表示关心和帮助他人，与D项意义相近，故选D。]
3．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中“……我们其实有能力进行广泛合作”和第三段提到肯尼亚的马赛人依靠双向友谊互相帮助而不期望任何回报以及新墨西哥州的人们会为遇到困难的人无偿提供帮助可知，本段旨在通过两个例子表明合作是一种良好而自然的本能，故选C。]
4．C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Aktipis认为，她通过研究这些群体而完善的理论框架可以广泛应用于任何相互依存的系统”以及最后一句“但在一个建立在友邻基础上的体系中，在自然灾害等集体困难时期，合并成本将减轻负担”可知，Aktipis打算通过建立一个对抗集体困难的制度来应用她的发现，故选C。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍的是许多家长对孩子“这不是我的过失”的陈述感到无奈，作者认为这种陈述有坏的一面也有好的一面，但重要的是让孩子正确面对错误，不断进步。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reason why variations of ‘it’s not my fault’ are so popular is that they get us out of guilt，blame and anger.”可知，“这不是我的错”能使我们摆脱内疚、责备和愤怒，所以才会如此流行，结合下文中的“In the case of adolescents，they are often trying to escape responsibility and punishment for mistakes.”可知，青少年这样做就是为了逃避责任和对错误的惩罚，由此可知，那些不愿意承认错误的人很可能依赖于说“这不是我的错”。故选B。]
6．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In trying to get them to assume responsibility，many parents attempt to convince their children that something is their fault，but the approach tends to be ineffective.A more effective approach is to face up to drawbacks to find solutions to the drawbacks actively.”可知，很多家长用各种方法让孩子相信有些事情是他们的错，但这些经常是无效的，更有效的方法是让孩子正视缺点，主动寻找解决的方法，由此可知，作者建议让他们主动改正错误。故选C。]
7．B　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“People may not have caused all their problems，but they have to solve them anyway.Getting stuck in sharing blame often keeps people from moving forward effectively.”可知，作者认为不论错误是谁的，都必须先要解决问题，否则会阻碍人们向前发展，进而在下文提出问题“What does one do if he is pushed into a deep lake？”并进行分析，结合下文中的“At some point，he needs to swim to shore，regardless of the fault.”可知，不管是谁的错都应先游到岸边，综合以上信息可知，作者提及这个问题是为了表明首先要解决问题，而不是追究谁的责任。故选B。]
8．C　[写作意图题。根据尾段“Like most things in life，freeing ourselves from blame has its advantages and disadvantages.The question isn’t what is ‘right’，but what is most effective in moving forward.”可知，把自己从责备中解脱出来有好处也有坏处，但问题不在于什么是正确的，而是什么才是最有效的解决方式，结合上文中对“这不是我的错”这一陈述的好处和坏处的分析，并用提问的方式表明无论谁的错，都应该先要解决问题，可知本文的写作目的是帮助青少年正确地面对错误。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.B　2.C　3.G　4.F　5.E
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了罗杰·班尼斯特凭借自身的努力，从事了医学事业，并且在赛跑领域也取得了非凡的成就。
1．B　[hope希望；reach影响范围；sight视力；control控制。根据后文“of his working-class parents”可知，他的父母是工人阶级，因此没有能力供他上大学，beyond the reach of表示“超出……的控制范围”。故选B。]
2．D　[excited激动的；surprised惊讶的；satisfied满足的；determined坚定的。根据后文“to secure a place at one of England’s top universities”以及上文but表示转折可知，他决心在一所英国的顶尖大学获得一席之地，故选D。]
3．A　[medicine医学；biology生物学；history历史；literature文学。根据后文“preferring to focus on...and his medical studies”可知，他想从事医学事业。故选A。]
4．D　[support支持；guidance指导；permission允许；recognition认可。根据前文“his exceptional speed on the track soon earned him the attention and”可知，班尼斯特的出色表现赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。故选D。]
5．C　[decide决定；plan计划；decline谢绝；promise承诺。根据后文“preferring to focus on...”可知，他谢绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，故选C。]
6．B　[family家庭；training训练；profession专业；competition比赛。根据前文“________ to compete in the 1948 Olympics”可知，他谢绝了参加比赛，说明他更想专注于训练。故选B。]
7．C　[cool凉爽的；proud骄傲的；ready准备好的；afraid害怕的。根据上文“Bannister had won the British championship in the mile”可知，班尼斯特赢得了英国冠军，感觉为参加奥运会做好了准备。故选C。]
8．D　[naturally自然地；actually实际上；obviously显然；unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“a last-minute change”和“him to compete without resting between events”可知，赛程的改变使他在比赛间隙无法休息，这是不幸的事情。故选D。]
9．A　[force迫使；allow允许；expect期待；encourage鼓励。根据前文“a last-minute change in the schedule”可知，赛程的改变迫使他没有时间休息。故选A。]
10．B　[take in理解；set aside留出；carry away夺走；get through完成。根据后文“45 minutes every day from his full-time medical studies for training”可知，他每天留出45分钟进行训练。故选B。]
11．B　[interest兴趣；effort努力；courage勇气；attention注意力。根据后文“At age 25，Bannister made history，crossing the finish line at 3：59.4”可知，班尼斯特创造了历史，即他的努力终于得到了回报。故选B。]
12．C　[favor帮助；attract吸引；drown淹没；confirm确认。根据后文“by the cheering crowd”可知，报幕员的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。故选C。]
13．A　[defeat击败；inspect检查；overlook忽视；approach靠近。根据后文“with a time of 3：58.8 to Landy’s 3：59.6”可知，班尼斯特以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手约翰·兰迪，故选A。]
14．C　[promise承诺；attitude态度；contribution贡献；viewpoint观点。根据后文“to academic medicine is equally remarkable”可知，班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，故选C。]
15．A　[inspirational启发灵感的，鼓舞人心的；considerate体贴的；aggressive好斗的；controversial有争议的。根据后文“to not only people of our era，but to before and after”可知，班尼斯特的短跑精神具有鼓舞人心的作用。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.dating　2.were designed　3.the　4.has been advocating/has advocated　5.for/in　6.to save　7.which/that　8.comfortable　9.how　10.wonders选择性必修第一册　Unit 3　Faster, higher, stronger
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Defeating Daniil Medvedev in New York on Sunday，Djokovic，one of the greatest tennis players，①bagging 24 Grand Slam(大满贯) singles titles，equalized the record held by Australian Margaret Court，the same number of singles titles in the all-time count.
With the victory，Djokovic became the oldest US Open men’s singles champion in the Open Era.In total，he has 10 Australian Opens，seven Wimbledons，four US Opens and three Roland Garros titles，making him the only man to win all four majors at least three times.“When I realized that，I started to dream new dreams and set new goals.I never imagined that I would be here talking about 24 Slams，” he said afterwards.
Djokovic reached all finals in the Grand Slams in 2023，and the only loss was at Wimbledon，when Carlos Alcaraz of Spain,20，brought home the champion after an intense battle lasting four hours and 43 minutes.Djokovic，at 36，shows few signs of losing physical edge.He stays healthy，keeps ②exceptional skills and always desires to win more.Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008，Djokovic bagged half of his 24 major titles after he turned 30.
“One of the biggest lessons I have learned probably mentally throughout my career is that even if you find a formula(方案) that works，it’s not a guarantee，and actually most likely it’s not going to work the next year，so I keep reinventing myself and always trying to find better ways to win，” said Djokovic.
For Djokovic，who always gets tough when the going gets tough,24 is just a number that he can go beyond.“I’ll continue to prioritize Grand Slams as my most important tournaments and where I want to play the best tennis.That will stay the same in the next season，or I don’t know how many more seasons I have in my legs，” he added.“So，let’s see.”
1．What does the underlined word “equalized” in the first paragraph probably mean
A．Set. B．Broke.
C．Levelled. D．Approached.
2．What can we know about Djokovic according to the passage
A. He won 12 Grand Slams in his thirties.
B．He won all the finals in the Grand Slams in 2023.
C．He attached the same importance to all the matches.
D．He is the oldest men’s singles champion in the Open Era.
3．What seems the “secret” of Djokovic’s great achievement
A．Losing physical edge.
B．Attending more Grand Slams.
C．Following a good formula.
D．Finding flexible and proper strategies.
4．Which of the following can best describe Djokovic
A．Confident and emotional.
B．Ambitious and devoted.
C．Aggressive and stubborn.
D．Enthusiastic and generous.
语境猜词 ①bag(熟义：n.书包 ) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②exceptional(派)＝exception＋al ____________________
B
(2025·重庆模拟预测)
If you have kids，you know how hard it can be to get them to put away their phones and do something active.BlazePod is a revolutionary，smart reaction training platform，uses flashing lights to create a fun and interactive workout experience that kids love.Whether you’re a parent，teacher，or coach，BlazePod is the perfect tool to get kids moving and improve their coordination(协调性)，speed，and overall fitness levels.
One of the key benefits of BlazePod is its versatility.The platform can be used in a variety of settings，from the gym to the comfort of your own home，making it easy to incorporate into your existing fitness routine.Whether you’re a fitness trainer that is looking to boost your training session in the most engaging way for your clients，a professional athlete looking to improve your performance，or a recreational exerciser looking for a new way to mix things up，BlazePod is the solution for you.
But the benefits of BlazePod go beyond just the convenience and variety it offers.By incorporating element of gamification into your workouts，BlazePod helps to keep you engaged and motivated，making it easier to stick with your fitness goals.The platform’s smart pods also provide ①real-time feedback and tracking，allowing you to monitor your and your clients’ progress and adjust your workouts as needed to continue seeing results.
In addition to the benefits for individuals，BlazePod also has the potential to ②revolutionize the way fitness professionals build and deliver workouts.The platform’s ③customizable features allow trainers to create unique interactive routines that are tailored(定制) to their client’s needs and goals.This can lead to more effective works and greater satisfaction for both trainers and clients.
BlazePod has been a game-changer for a kid’s workout routine.The interactive nature of the pods and the gamified(游戏化的) workouts have made exercising a fun and exciting experience for them.
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A．To supply the background.
B．To highlight the features.
C．To warn of potential risks.
D．To prove a vivid example.
6．What does the underlined word “versatility” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Personality. B．Efficiency.
C．Professionality. D．Adaptability.
7．What is BlazePod like
A．Interactive and motivating.
B．Inexpensive and addictive.
C．Environmental and personal.
D．Traditional and entertaining.
8．What is the topic of the text
A. A revolutionary way to replace kids’ phones.
B．An interactive class to improve kids’ grades.
C．The game-changing workout for your kids.
D．The most creative exercise App for your kids.
语境猜词 ①real-time(合)＝real＋time ____________________ ②revolutionize(派)＝revolution＋ize ____________________ ③customizable(派)＝custom＋iz(e)＋able ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·湖北襄阳联考)
Hop on the Silent Walking Trend
Silent walking involves walking outdoors without ①distractions like music or conversations，focusing on the mind-body-nature connection. 1 That’s a slower，lower-impact way to relax and is great for fitness.Here’s everything you need to know about the trend.
Select a natural setting and fully engage your senses.For reaping the mental health benefits，it is recommended to find a quiet and peaceful natural location. 2 Meanwhile，consciously observing the sights，sounds，smells，and physical sensations during the walk can significantly impact cognitive and emotional well-being.
To stimulate the mind，consider exploring different routes than usual.Without your favourite podcast or playlist，you might slip into ②boredom on your walk. 3 And it might even be good for your brain.Scientists applaud the virtues of boredom for brain health，believing that it boosts creativity and improves social connections.And if you do get bored，rest assured that it shows you’ve disconnected from external distractions.Go with it，and make sure you take a different route each time—it’ll keep you motivated.
Start off with five-minute silent walks and eventually build up to thirty minutes.If you’re usually a headphone wearer，it will feel super weird to walk without your go-to tunes，but give yourself a second to adjust.Chances are once you’re a few minutes into your silent walk，you’ll feel the magic kick in. 4
Regular reflection and ongoing documentation are essential.After completing a silent walk，take time to reflect upon any emerging thoughts，feelings，or insights. 5 Journaling about the experience can also solidify connections between thoughts and ideas，providing a valuable tool for ③self-reflection and growth.
A．But being bored won’t hurt you.
B．Taking different paths can lead to exciting discoveries.
C．However，you’ll start noticing the urban landscape around you.
D．Adjusting the routine gradually can help ease into the experience.
E．They can deepen understanding and serve as a record of personal growth.
F．Unlike exercise-oriented walking，it isn’t about reaching certain speed or steps.
G．In such an environment，you can immerse yourself in the natural soundscape(音景)．
语境猜词 ①distraction(派)＝distract＋ion ____________________ ②boredom(派)＝bore＋dom ____________________ ③self-reflection(合)＝self＋reflection ____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·山东模拟预测)
Carli Lloyd is grateful for the opportunity to play professional volleyball again after leaving the ①court.
She 1 Athletes Unlimited (AU) with opening up the door to 2 her dreams that were put on pause.“I wasn’t sure what it would look like，” Lloyd said.“AU has given me the 3 to play again.It’s amazing to be a 4 of the organization.”
While Lloyd was pregnant and shortly after giving birth to her daughter，she had hopes of returning to the 5 .Lloyd spent months at home training and preparing for the 6 .“I worked really hard at home to get my body back in 7 .I wanted to see how it felt to 8 again.”
“My goal every week is to be 9 to my team.I want to do everything I can to help my team win the 10 .Each day I’m thinking about what my 11 is and how I can help this group succeed.”
She believes in teamwork. 12 ，when asked the way the league is ②structured，Lloyd said she felt great anxiety initially for fear that the 13 may be more on the individual and less on the 14 .“Volleyball is a team sport，all the pieces 15 and you need cooperation to be successful，” Lloyd said.
1．A.③credits B．provides
C．replaces D．equips
2．A.give away B．live out
C．bring about D．take off
3．A.confidence B．order
C．promise D．service
4．A.shelter B．part
C．host D．guide
5．A.hospital B．home
C．classroom D．court
6．A.election B．course
C．④season D．conflict
7．A.common B．case
C．advance D．shape
8．A.compete B．bear
C．defeat D．display
9．A.used B．connected
C．addicted D．adopted
10．A.argument B．scholarship
C．championship D．contract
11．A.dream B．trouble
C．lesson D．role
12．A.Therefore B．However
C．Instead D．Furthermore
13．A.dependence B．influence
C．focus D．base
14．A.coach B．audience
C．leader D．team
15．A.occur B．matter
C．contact D．break
语境猜词 ①court(熟义：n.法院，法庭) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②structure(熟义：n.结构) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③credit(熟义：n.信用，信贷) 生义(文义)：____________________ ④season(熟义：n.季；季节) 生义(文义)：____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
No one could have expected that slow-moving Qigong 1.______________(become) popular among Chinese young people in the past several years.Short videos of young Chinese doing traditional fitness Qigong have ①flooded video websites，among 2.____________________ a video of Baduanjin has been played for more than 10 million times and received over 6,000 comments on a video sharing platform 3.____________________(target) young people.
Baduanjin is one of the oldest fitness methods 4.__________________(stay) healthy in China，originally created over 800 years ago during the Song Dynasty.The name refers to how the eight individual movements provide a soft quality 5.____________________ the body.
Compared with more 6.____________________(physical) demanding sports such as the ball games or swimming，Baduanjin is slow and usually accompanied by ②restful music，so it used to be considered as the sport meant for the elders.However，not requiring much space，equipment or time，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from back and neck pain 7.____________________(cause) by sitting in front of computers for hours.
“I’ve been doing Baduanjin for a couple of 8.____________________(month)，which makes me sleep well and get strong，”9.________________ young netizen commented below the video.“I owe big thanks to Baduanjin as it offers a much 10.____________________(healthy) lifestyle.”
语境猜词 ①flood(转)n.→v.____________________ ②restful(派)＝rest＋ful ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①v.获(奖)；抢占　②adj.卓越的
B．①adj.实时的　②v.使发生革命性巨变，使彻底变革　③adj.可定制的
Ⅱ.①n.分散注意力的事　②n.无聊　③n.自我反省
Ⅲ.①n.球场　②v.构成，精心组织　③v.认为是……的功劳，把……归功于　④v.(一年中开展某项活动的)季节，(体育)赛季
Ⅳ.①大量涌入，挤满　②adj.舒缓的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是网球运动员德约科维奇所取得的成就、成功的原因以及他对未来的展望。
1．C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“the same number of singles titles in the all-time count”可知，德约科维奇与玛格丽特·考特所获的单打冠军数相同，即他追平了考特的纪录，由此可知，画线单词应与C项意义相近。故选C。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008，Djokovic bagged half of his 24 major titles after he turned 30.”可知，德约科维奇获得了24个大满贯冠军，其中30岁以后获得了其中的一半，由此可知，他在三十多岁获得了12个大满贯冠军。故选A。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“One of the biggest lessons I have learned...so I keep reinventing myself and always trying to find better ways to win”可知，德约科维奇成功的秘诀在于持续寻找灵活和适当的方案。故选D。]
4．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He stays healthy，keeps exceptional skills and always desires to win more.”和尾段中的“I’ll continue to prioritize Grand Slams as my most important tournaments and where I want to play the best tennis.”可知，德约科维奇是一个有雄心且热衷于网球的人。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个体育锻炼的平台，这个平台融入游戏的元素，创造有趣和互动的锻炼体验，提供实时反馈和跟踪，并根据需要调整锻炼计划，因此可以改变孩子们的锻炼习惯，使锻炼成为一种有趣和令人兴奋的体验。
5．B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“BlazePod is a revolutionary，smart reaction training platform...to get kids moving and improve their coordination (协调性)，speed，and overall fitness levels.”可知，本段主要介绍了BlazePod可以创造有趣且互动的锻炼体验，让孩子们坚持做锻炼，提高协调性，速度和整体健康水平。由此可知，其目的是突出该平台的特点。故选B。]
6．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“The platform can be used in a variety of settings，from the gym to the comfort of your own home，making it easy to incorporate into your existing fitness routine.”可知，该平台适用于使用者的各种环境，可以匹配其现有的健身计划。由此可知，它具有很强的“适应性”，故画线词的意思应该与Adaptability“适应性，可变性”一致。故选D。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By incorporating element of gamification into your workouts，BlazePod helps to keep you engaged and motivated，making it easier to stick with your fitness goals.”可知，BlazePod可以让使用者保持专注和动力。根据首段第二句和文章最后一句可知，该平台是互动性质的。故选A。]
8．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，文章围绕体育锻炼平台BlazePod展开，介绍了该平台融入游戏的元素，创造有趣和互动的锻炼体验，提供实时反馈和跟踪，并根据需要调整锻炼计划，因此可以改变孩子们的锻炼习惯，使锻炼成为一种有趣和令人兴奋的体验。故选C。]
Ⅱ.1.F　2.G　3.A　4.D　5.E
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡利·劳埃德 Carli Lloyd 离开排球场后再次有机会打职业排球，她对此非常感激。
1．A　[credit把……归功于，相信；provide提供；replace替换；equip装备。根据下文“Athletes Unlimited (AU) with opening up the door to ________ her dreams”可知，卡利·劳埃德认为AU给了她实现梦想的机会，故选A。]
2．B　[give away赠送；live out实践(以前想要做的事)；bring about带来；take off起飞。根据“opening up the door to ________ her dreams”可知，AU为卡利·劳埃德打开了实现梦想的大门，故选B。]
3．A　[confidence信心；order订单；promise承诺；service服务。根据“AU has given me the ________ to play again”可知，此处是指AU给了劳埃德再次参加比赛的信心，故选A。]
4．B　[shelter避难所；part部分；host主人；guide指导。根据下文“of the organization”可知，此处指成为组织的一部分是很棒的，故选B。]
5．D　[hospital医院；home家；classroom教室；court球场。根据上文“Carli Lloyd is grateful for the opportunity to play professional volleyball again after leaving the court.”可知，卡利·劳埃德很感激离开球场后有机会再次打职业排球，此处指她曾希望可以重返球场，故选D。]
6．C　[election选举；course课程；season赛季；conflict冲突。根据上文“spent months at home training and preparing for the”可知，可以重返球场的劳埃德是花了几个月时间训练和为赛季做准备，故选C。]
7．D　[common公共用地；case案例；advance进步；shape状况，情况。根据上文“I worked really hard at home to get my body back in”可知，劳埃德在家努力训练是为了恢复状态，故选D。]
8．A　[compete比赛；bear负担；defeat击败；display展示。呼应上文“play professional volleyball again after leaving the court”讲劳埃德是想恢复状态，然后去参加比赛，想看看再次参加比赛的感觉，故选A。]
9．B　[used用过的；connected有联系的；addicted成瘾的；adopted收养的。根据语境可知，劳埃德的目标是每周都与团队保持联系，故选B。]
10．C　[argument论点；scholarship奖学金；championship冠军地位；contract合同。根据语境可知，劳埃德是想帮助球队赢得冠军，故选C。]
11．D　[dream梦想；trouble麻烦；lesson教训；role角色。根据上文“I want to do everything I can to help my team win the ________.”可知，劳埃德想帮助团队赢得冠军，作为团队一员，她每天都在思考自己的角色是什么，故选D。]
12．A　[therefore因此；however然而；instead相反；furthermore此外。根据上文“She believes in teamwork.”及下文“she felt great anxiety initially for fear that the __________ may be more on the individual”可知，因为劳埃德相信团队合作，所以起初在被问到联赛结构时感到焦虑，害怕焦点被过多地集中在个人身上，而不是团队上，故选A。]
13．C　[dependence依赖性；influence影响性；focus焦点；base基础。根据本句中“she felt great anxiety initially for fear that the ________ may be more on the individual and less on the ________”可知，劳埃德焦虑的是担心焦点更多集中在个人身上，故选C。]
14．D　[coach教练；audience观众；leader领导；team团队。根据上文“She believes in teamwork.”及“be more on the individual and less on the”可知，劳埃德担心的是焦点可能更多地集中在个人而不是团队上，故选D。]
15．B　[occur发生；matter重要；contact接触；break打破。根据上文“Volleyball is a team sport，all the pieces”可知，排球是团队运动，所有部分都很重要，故选B。]
Ⅳ.1.has become　2.which　3.targeting　4.to stay　5.for　6.physically　7.caused　8.months　9.a　10.healthier选择性必修第一册　Unit 4　Meeting the muse
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Last summer at a bookstore，my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy(三部曲)．He then finished it in just two days.“Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？” He ①tearfully asked me.
The story is set on a remote island，where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures，and becomes part of the community.For my son，it was the first book he discovered on his own，the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy(悲剧) and joy.
When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.In our book club discussion，he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real.When talking about its final scenes，where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body，Henry cried again.His previous reading experiences had cheerful，“happily-ever-after” endings，but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments，but failed to fully convince him.
Once our discussion ended，Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it.He read the first two books repeatedly，so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.
We both agree it is worth the wait.Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat：“the poison tide”．Brown ②expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and ③unsettling ideas—not just happiness and sadness，but also，given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair.
And，here’s something special about Roz：her physical clumsiness and confusion about life，conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth.Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even better，they learn alongside her.Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.
1．What drove the author to read The Wild Robot
A．Its tragic ending.
B．Henry’s tearful recommendation.
C．Its attractive cover.
D．Henry’s emotional response to it.
2．What is one theme of The Wild Robot Protects
A．Family and community.
B．Concerns of global issues.
C．Exploration of the ocean.
D．Man-robot relationship.
3．What makes Roz in the trilogy special
A．Her childlike expressions.
B．Her robotic power.
C．Her struggling experiences.
D．Her adventurous spirit.
4．Which message does this text seem to communicate
A. Misfortune inspires great literary works.
B．Robot stories work like magic on children.
C．Book discussions help kids survive tragedies.
D．Reading literature facilitates personal growth.
语境猜词 ①tearfully(派)＝tear＋ful＋ly ____________________ ②expertly(派)＝expert＋ly ____________________ ③unsettling(派)＝un＋settl(e)＋ing ____________________
B
Leonardo da Vinci experimented with chemicals while painting some of his representative works—including the Mona Lisa—forming a poisonous layer hidden beneath the celebrated artwork.Researchers studying a tiny ①microsample from a corner of the painting found a substance known as plumbonacrite(水白铅矿)，a poisonous compound(化合物) formed when oil and lead(Ⅱ) oxide(氧化铅) are mixed together.
The Mona Lisa，and many other paintings from the Renaissance era in the early 1500s，were painted on wooden panels.These required a thick base layer to enable artists to create their works on top.The most common method was using a substance called gesso，which comes from plaster of Paris，but the presence of plumbonacrite suggests Da Vinci layered his painting with lead white paint，mixed with oil infused(泡) with lead(Ⅱ) oxide.
Writing in the Journal of the American Chemical Society，the authors said，“The most remarkable signature in the sample is the presence of plumbonacrite，a rare compound that is stable only in an alkaline(碱性的) environment.Leonardo probably attempted to prepare a thick paint suitable for covering the wooden panel of the Mona Lisa by treating the oil with a high load of lead(Ⅱ) oxide.”It is thought the lead(Ⅱ) oxide may have been used to help the paint applied on top of it to dry.
The team reviewed Da Vinci’s writing to find reference to his use of the chemicals，but found only “unclear references” to plumbonacrite.It seems once again the famous scholar was ahead of his time，with the technique only found in other paintings by Rembrandt in the 1600s.Use of plumbonacrite at the time seems to have been limited to skin and hair treatment.
In addition to the Mona Lisa analysis，the team used ②high-resolution analytic techniques on 17 samples from across the surface of the Last Supper and found it also contained the same poisonous base layer.
5．What can we learn from the first paragraph
A. A poisonous compound was found in the Mona Lisa.
B．Da Vinci created his painting through trial and error.
C．Researchers damaged the famous painting while studying it.
D．Da Vinci buried some poison under the painting to protect it.
6．What did Da Vinci possibly do while painting
A. He used lead to decorate the painting.
B．He applied oil to cover the wooden panel.
C．He treated skin and hair with plumbonacrite.
D．He mixed oil and lead together to create a thick paint.
7．Why did the author mention the Last Supper
A. To support the finding above.
B．To show how talented Da Vinci is.
C．To explain the process of artwork creation.
D．To stress the importance of analytical techniques.
8．What is the best title for the text
A. Mona Lisa，a Mysterious Woman
B．Poisonous Chemicals Help Create Artworks
C．Da Vinci，a Distinguished Painter as Well as a Chemist
D．The Mona Lisa Reveals a Poisonous Secret Hidden in the Painting
语境猜词 ①microsample(派)＝micro＋sample ____________________ ②high-resolution(合)＝high＋resolution ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
It’s happened to all of us：a song comes on the radio，and we are immediately ①transported back to a time in our past. 1
There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories.Music is often a necessary element of many important life events，and it is also very effective in ②arresting our attention. 2 Besides，the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable.
We often become familiar with a piece of music because we hear it as background music.The more familiar a piece of music is，the more effective it is in bringing back memories. 3 The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way.
Tiffany Jenkins，writing for a culture column，has a different opinion： 4 She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic.The rhythm(韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids.
5 This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump(怀旧性记忆)”，where older adults (over forty) have increased ③recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood.
It’s clear that our memories and music are closely linked—to the point that music is being used to help Alzheimer’s disease sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost.
A．Familiarity is important.
B．Music itself is easy to remember.
C．But what makes music so effective in doing this
D．Our musical preference usually forms during our teens.
E．This applies to music more than other cultural products.
F．Pop music especially can be connected with an important memory.
G．Music and these life events are likely to be linked together in our memories.
语境猜词 ①transport(熟义：v.运输，运送) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②arrest(熟义：v.逮捕) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③recollection(派)＝re＋collection ____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
As a writer，I miss rejection ①slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper，but at least when I got one，I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood 1 had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom， 2 the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall’s wrote，“I’m afraid I have to say no on this 3 piece，but try me again on another，would you？” It was almost as 4 to me as if she had said，“We’ll 5 it and here is an ②advance for you.”
Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online ③submissions.Most editors don’t feel it a must to 6 your work because they receive so many 7 each day.
For me，there are three 8 of rejection slip pain.The first is 9 brought on by finding a flat “no” on a(n) 10 piece of paper，then followed by anger (how could they 11 a piece that is obviously so much 12 than most of the stuff they print)，and，finally，rebirth：I will live to 13 a new piece another day.
Learning to 14 rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received，my ④folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far 15 than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”，which indicates to me the fact：I still have some growing up to do.
1．A.writer B．reader
C．mailman D．editor
2．A.demanding B．indicating
C．suspecting D．arguing
3．A.boring B．novel
C．lengthy D．particular
4．A.vivid B．complex
C．thrilling D．amusing
5．A.buy B．reject
C．check D．substitute
6．A.prove B．determine
C．explain D．acknowledge
7．A.proposals B．drafts
C．contributions D．instructions
8．A.meanings B．stages
C．wonders D．rewards
9．A.relief B．upset
C．anger D．hesitation
10．A.loose B．expensive
C．characterless D．shiny
11．A.make up B．put away
C．turn down D．insist on
12．A.easier B．better
C．shorter D．longer
13．A.print B．copy
C．download D．submit
14．A.accept B．criticize
C．judge D．evaluate
15．A.fatter B．fancier
C．older D．newer
语境猜词 ①slip(熟义：v.滑倒) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②advance(熟义：n.前进，进步) 生义(文义)：____________________ ③submission(派)＝submi(t)＋s＋sion ____________________ ④folder(派)＝fold＋er ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation in arts and technology.During this period，China was the 1.__________________(large) and most influential country in the world.The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry，when poetry 2.____________________(reach) its peak.
In this age，poetry had developed well as the most important literary form，the writing of 3.____________________ became the feature of everyday life in China.Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves.Tang poets are perhaps the best 4.____________________(know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures.①Furthermore，composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination，which was held 5.____________________(select) talents for the government.
During this long period of nearly 300 years，more than 50,000 poems 6._____________(create) by more than 2,200 poets ②from all walks of life.A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu，a 7.____________________(collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people.Sun’s book became the best-seller soon after its publication.The compiler said，“8.____________________(learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart，you can chant though you don’t know the art.”
Tang poems are ③characterized by 9.____________________ variety of forms，the beauty of imaginations and the ④broadness of themes.In general，Tang poetry has strict patterns，written in sentences of fixed length，usually with each line having five 10.____________________ seven characters long.
语境猜词
①furthermore(合)＝further＋more ____________________ ②from all walks of life____________________ ③characterize(派)＝character＋ize ____________________ ④broadness(派)＝broad＋ness ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①adv.泪汪汪地；流泪地　②adv.熟练地　③adj.令人不安的
B．①n.微量试样；微量取样　②adj.高清晰度的；高分辨率的
Ⅱ.①v.使产生身临其境的感觉　②v.吸引(注意)　③n.回忆
Ⅲ.①n.便条；纸条　②n.预付款　③n.提交；呈递　④n.文件夹
Ⅳ.①adv.此外，而且　②来自各行各业　③v.使具有特点；是……的特征
④n.广泛；宽阔；宽广
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读《荒岛机器人》三部曲的体验和感悟。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Dad，why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad？’ He tearfully asked me.”、第二段最后一句“For my son，it was the first...and joy.”以及第三段首句“When I finished the book，I knew why Henry loved it.”可知，亨利对这本书的情绪反应促使作者阅读《荒野机器人》。故选D。]
2．B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat...Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas...given the climate-change undercurrents，hope and despair.”可推知，《荒岛机器人3》的主题之一是对全球问题的关注。故选B。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place，much like a child’s journey.”和“Even better，they learn alongside her.”可知，罗兹在三部曲中的特别之处在于她在一个陌生之地面临的求生挑战。故选C。]
4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Readers love Roz.They learn from her.Even...Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts，getting him ready to appreciate that，sometimes，sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.”并结合全文可知，这篇文章想表达的是阅读文学作品有助于个人成长。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过分析达·芬奇的代表作品《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》中的微小样本，发现了隐藏在画作下的有毒层，这一发现揭示了达·芬奇在绘画过程中试用过化学物质。
5．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究人员从《蒙娜丽莎》中发现了一种有毒化合物。故选A。]
6．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Leonardo probably attempted to prepare a thick paint suitable for covering the wooden panel of the Mona Lisa by treating the oil with a high load of lead(Ⅱ) oxide.”可知，达·芬奇可能在油中添加了大量的氧化铅(Ⅱ)以制备一种适合覆盖《蒙娜丽莎》木板的厚涂层。故选D。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，该研究团队在《最后的晚餐》中发现了同一种有毒化合物的存在，这证实了水白铅矿在达·芬奇画作中的普遍使用。故选A。]
8．D　[标题归纳题。根据第一段和最后一段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员通过分析达·芬奇的代表作品《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》中的微小样本，发现了隐藏在画作下的有毒层，这一发现揭示了达·芬奇在绘画过程中试用过化学物质。因此，D选项“The Mona Lisa Reveals a Poisonous Secret Hidden in the Painting”最能概括文章的主要内容。故选D。]
Ⅱ.1.C　2.G　3.E　4.B　5.D
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名作家，对于自己的投稿被拒绝的一些感悟。
1．D　[根据下文“had put it in the envelope”可知，把退稿通知放进信封的是编辑。故选D。]
2．B　[根据上文“I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom”可知，编辑手写的句子表明这篇文章几乎快要成功了。故选B。]
3．D　[根据下文“but try me again on another”可知，这是编辑对于退稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别，但是不得不拒绝，并鼓励作者再接再厉。故选D。]
4．C　[根据上文“but try me again on another”可知，收到编辑的鼓励应该是一件令人兴奋的事情。故选C。]
5．A　[根据下文“here is an advance for you”可知，此处表示将要购买，先付了预付款。故选A。]
6．D　[根据上文“Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.”可知，如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿单似乎已经消失了，大多数编辑并不觉得必须告知他们已经收到你的作品。acknowledge此处为熟词生义，意为“告知收到”。故选D。]
7．C　[根据上文“Most editors don’t feel it a must to ________ your work”可知，此处指的是编辑每天收到很多投稿。故选C。]
8．B　[根据下文“The first”，“then”和“finally”可知，此处指对作者而言，被退稿后的痛苦有三个阶段。故选B。]
9．B　[根据下文“by finding a flat ‘no’”可知，发现被退稿后，作者首先有一种挫败感。故选B。]
10．C　[根据上文“because they receive so many ______ each day”可知，编辑每天要处理很多稿件，所以退稿的纸条应该是没有特点的，千篇一律的。故选C。]
11．C　[根据上文“rejection slip pain”可知，作者在讲述被退稿后的感受，所以是作品被拒绝。故选C。]
12．B　[根据上文“anger”和下文“than most of the stuff they print”可知，作者认为自己的投稿明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多。故选B。]
13．D　[根据下文“a new piece another day”可知，此处表示重新提交一份新的作品。故选D。]
14．A　[根据下文“seems like part of growing up as a writer”可知，作者认为学会接受被退稿是作为作家成长的一部分。故选A。]
15．A　[根据下文“I still have some growing up to do”可知，作者还有一些成长的空间，即作者的“值得注意的退稿通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录用通知书”文件夹要厚得多。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.largest　2.reached　3.which　4.known　5.to select　6.were created　7.collection　8.Learning/Having learned
9．the　10.or选择性必修第一册　Unit 5　Revealing nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The ①blanket of pollution resulting from carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels is already warming the planet and causing more extreme weather disasters.One way to keep climate change from getting worse is to take some of those historic emissions out of the atmosphere.More than 200 scientists have signed onto a letter pushing for “responsible” research into ways to trap planet-heating carbon dioxide in the world’s oceans.
Oceans already do that for us，absorbing and holding around 50 times more carbon than the atmosphere.What if humans could ②supercharge that ability That’s what scientists want to better understand，along with any side effects that might come with messing with the chemistry of our oceans.Startups are already developing new technologies to sequester(隔绝) more CO2 in the sea.But there’s still a lot we don’t know about what impact that might have or what strategies might be most successful，the letter says.
These are all pretty early efforts，and hacking the high seas is no replacement for preventing greenhouse gas emissions from accumulating in the atmosphere by getting rid of fossil fuels.Some environmental advocates are also worried about new CO2-filtering technologies harming marine life.
The letter today calls for controlled field trials to evaluate carbon removal strategies，along with a third-party review of the results.There also need to be safety measures in place to address any “unintended or harmful consequences” and inclusive policies to engage different stakeholders(利益相关者)．Some big names in climate and environmental sciences have signed on.
“I have seen these massive declines in ocean health...Doing nothing is unethical(不道德的) essentially，” says Débora，Ecology，Evolution，and Marine Biology department chair at the University of California，Santa Barbara，who signed the letter released today.When it comes to studying new ways to use oceans to tackle climate change，she says，“ We need to at least figure out the risks and the benefits，see whether we can help resolve the problem we have created.”
1．What is the letter aimed at
A. Preventing carbon dioxide emissions.
B．Advocating a fossil-fuel-free lifestyle.
C．Promoting the heating of carbon dioxide.
D．Pushing for carbon removal technologies.
2．What can be inferred from the previous efforts
A. The most effective way to trap CO2 has been found.
B．Hacking the high seas can replace getting rid of fossil fuels.
C．The technology has caused severe side effects messing the oceans.
D．New technologies for trapping CO2 in the sea are already available.
3．What does the letter demand according to paragraph 4
A. Make polices for target groups.
B．Prepare safety measures in advance.
C．Review the results from three aspects.
D．Evaluate side effects with uncontrolled trials.
4．What is Débora’s attitude toward the studies of new ways
A．Unclear. B．Approving.
C．Dismissive. D．Doubtful.
语境猜词 ①blanket(熟义：n.毯子，毛毯) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②supercharge(合)＝super＋charge ____________________
B
While growing up in California in the 1980s，Winifred Frick never saw a condor(秃鹰) in the wild.The population of North America’s largest bird，Gymnogyps californianus，had declined to nearly zero by 1987 because so many were shot，①poisoned or captured.
The few remaining wild condors were brought into zoos in the early 1980s as part of a captive breeding(圈养) program.Gradually，a small group of the birds reproduced，and eventually many of the condors were released back into the wild.
Today，Frick，a conservation biologist，and her 14-year-old son can admire condors flying in the sky while hiking along the Pacific coast.Nearly 350 of the species，whose wings can span nearly 3 meters，once again fly over parts of California and Arizona.
The condors’ happy ending is thanks in large part to the U．S.Endangered Species Act，or ESA，②enacted on December 28,1973.The act currently protects more than 2,300 species.These include more than 900 plants and at least 160 marine species.
“When it comes to preventing plants and animals from going extinct，the ESA is one of the most powerful laws we have，” says Frick.“The ESA is about protecting wildlife for our future generations.”
If a species is thought to be threatened or endangered with going extinct，it goes through a strict process to determine whether it should be added to the endangered species list.Once a species makes the list，government agencies create a plan to help it recover.This might mean describing ways to restore its habitat or identifying ways to halt threats to a species.For instance，being listed under the act makes it illegal to use，kill or catch any of these organisms.It also bans the import of any endangered foreign animals，as well as any meat or products made from them.
The ESA has written plenty of success stories over the past half-century.So far，the act has helped keep 99 percent of species under its protection from extinction.
5．Why did the zoos keep wild condors captive in the 1980s
A．To ③relocate their natural habitat.
B．To restore the condor population.
C．To make way for hiking activities.
D．To honor a conservation biologist.
6．What are the figures in paragraph 4 intended to tell us
A. The survival rate of the condors is high.
B．Many species are faced with extinction.
C．The ESA has been recognized by the public.
D．The ESA contributes a lot to species protection.
7．What does the underlined word “halt” in paragraph 6 probably mean
A．Stop. B．Track.
C．Transform. D．Replace.
8．What’s the best title for the text
A．The ESA Has Saved Many Species
B．Quantities of Species Are Dying Out
C．The ESA Shares the Story of Condors
D．Wild Animals Are in Need of Protection
语境猜词 ①poison(转)n.→v.____________________ ②enact(派)＝en＋act ____________________ ③relocate(派)＝re＋locate ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The harsh winters and modern cities can make life tough for a wild animal，especially when they get lost and are outside their natural habitat for too long.Animal shelters are crowded with animals in ①desperate need of help，especially during the winter season. 1
One day，a man found a small owl(猫头鹰) that was soaking wet and appeared to be struggling.He brought it into a local shelter. 2 The little owl was unable to fly，not because of an injury，but because it was too fat.
The owl weighed 245 grams，which was 33% more than the upper limit of what an owl that size should weigh.The reason for the weight gain was quite natural.The owl was eating too much.The winter had been unusually warm，and as a result，the area had a higher than normal population of mice. 3 So it got carried away.
The shelter staff put the owl on a ②systematic plan of diet and exercise，and it started to lose weight quickly.After some time，the owl was back to its normal health and was released back into the wild.
The question of whether this obesity issue is a strange result of climate change or just a coincidence(巧合) is difficult to say. 4 Wild animals are not used to living in modern cities，and they often struggle to survive.Luckily，there are many animal shelters that offer refuge for these animals.These shelters help restore them to their natural condition and put them back into the wild.
5 Some focus on specific animals，such as owls，while others focus on a particular region.However，they all have the same goal—to provide a safe haven for wild animals.
A．Different types of animal shelters have different purposes.
B．Animal shelters are not just a place for injured or sick animals.
C．This meant that it was like an all-you-can-eat buffet for the little owl.
D．They are really important when animals struggle to survive in cold weather.　
E．After a thorough check-up，the shelter staff found out that it was not injured at all.
F．However，it is clear that it is vital to care for wild animals and to ensure their safety.
G．However，recently，a wild animal was brought to a shelter for a very different reason.
语境猜词 ①desperate(熟义：adj.绝望的) 生义(文义)：____________________ ②systematic(派)＝system＋atic ____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏南京二模)
On February 17th，the Clermont County Animal Shelter，Ohio，shared a story.A woman met with her missing dog Will again.
While 1 the shelter’s post forwarded by friends in her community，Hannah saw a dog named Rome that was to be available at the shelter’s weekend 2 event and that dog looked quite 3 .
Hannah explained in her post that Will，a six-year-old，went missing from her home in 2019.Although her family looked everywhere，they couldn’t 4 their missing baby.
A shelter volunteer said，“Just yesterday we 5 a message accompanied by photos with a detailed description of Will’s 6 in the hope that the dog brought to our shelter and ①renamed Rome was 7 Will！” But Rome was scheduled to be at the Take Me Home event today! Learning this，the volunteer，in a bit of 8 quickly sent a message back that Rome would be at the event! “We would love this family to be 9 and we just had to 10 whether this was Will after all these years！” It turned out a big yes.The volunteer continued，“The 11 story serves as a reminder of the ②incredible impact that the Internet can have in bringing communities together，especially in times of 12 .Thank you all for 13 Will’s post.”
It was ③nothing short of a 14 and we are sure Hannah and her family are 15 to have their dog back!
1．A.commenting on B．checking out
C．speaking of D．looking for
2．A.celebration B．adoption
C．demonstration D．recommendation
3．A.dynamic B．lovely
C．familiar D．friendly
4．A.shelter B．describe
C．forget D．locate
5．A.received B．forwarded
C．left D．delivered
6．A.duties B．achievements
C．owner D．appearance
7．A.possibly B．obviously
C．actually D．typically
8．A.hesitation B．guilt
C．anger D．panic
9．A.popular B．thankful
C．supportive D．reunited
10．A.guess B．know
C．discuss D．doubt
11．A.heart-warming B．mind-bending
C．convincing D．entertaining
12．A.danger B．need
C．happiness D．uncertainty
13．A.sharing B．reading
C．revising D．saving
14．A.connection B．treasure
C．wonder D．success
15．A.excited B．motivated
C．amused D．flushed
语境猜词 ①rename(派)＝re＋name ____________________ ②incredible(派)＝in＋credible ____________________ ③nothing short of ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·湖南二模)
Butter arguably makes everything better—even tea.Yak(牦牛) butter tea，a traditional drink of China’s Tibetan ethnic group，is catching on with its 1.____________________(salt) and unexpected flavor.
For Jason，who works at Café Himalaya in New York City，2.____________________ butter in the cup of tea before him ideally comes from a yak.3.____________________，in New York yak butter is pretty hard to come by，so Jason，as well as anyone who orders it at Café Himalaya，has to make do with butter 4.__________________ a cow.Back in Xizang，yak butter is ①plentiful，yet no one knows exactly when yak butter 5.____________________(add) to hot tea for the first time.
The 6.____________________(introduce) of this hot butter tea to Xizang provided Tibetans with warmth and supplemented their meager(贫乏的) diet.Also known as Tibetan medicine，it is believed to be able to 7.____________________(sharp) one’s mind and body.Today it is part of Tibetan hospitality to offer guests butter tea and ②refill the bowl again and again until it’s time for goodbyes—at which point a polite guest will drink up 8.____________________ is left.
To non-Tibetans，yak butter may taste strange at first as it makes for a very different taste than the sweet butter 9.____________________(produce) by corn-fed cows.Some of them find it helpful 10.____________(think) of it as a sort of light soup rather than as tea.
语境猜词 ①plentiful(派)＝plent(y→i)＋ful ____________________ ②refill(派)＝re＋fill ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.厚层，厚的覆盖层　②v.对……增压
B．①毒死　②v.通过(法律)　③v.重新安置
Ⅱ.①adj.极严重的；很危急的　②adj.系统的；有计划的
Ⅲ.①v.重新命名　②adj.令人难以置信的　③简直是；无异于
Ⅳ.①adj.丰富的，众多的　②v.再装满
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球气候变暖和极端天气灾害的原因，提出了通过将二氧化碳封存到海洋中来减缓气候变化的想法。然而，这种做法还存在许多未知的风险和可能对海洋生物造成伤害的问题。因此，作者呼吁进行受控的实地试验，评估二氧化碳封存策略的效果，并采取安全措施来防止任何意外或有害的后果。同时，也需要制定包容性政策来吸引各利益相关者的参与。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“More than 200 scientists have signed onto a letter pushing for ‘responsible’ research into ways to trap planet-heating carbon dioxide in the world’s oceans.”可知，200多名科学家签署一份公开信的目的是敦促进行“负责任”的研究，寻找在全球海洋中捕获导致地球升温的二氧化碳的方法，即推动去除二氧化碳技术。故选D。]
2．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Startups are already developing new technologies to sequester(隔绝) more CO2 in the sea.”可知，对于在全球海洋中捕获导致地球升温的二氧化碳的方法，一些初创公司已经研发了该技术，即前期努力的结果是在海洋中捕获二氧化碳的新技术已经出现。故选D。]
3．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“There also need to be safety measures in place to address any ‘unintended or harmful consequences’ and inclusive policies to engage different stakeholders(利益相关者)．”可知，科学家们签署的公开信件要求在实施的过程中安全措施要到位，以解决任何“意外或有害的后果”，即提前准备好安全措施。故选B。]
4．B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“‘I have seen these massive declines in ocean health...Doing nothing is unethical(不道德的) essentially，’ says Débora，Ecology，Evolution，and Marine Biology department chair at the University of California，Santa Barbara，who signed the letter released today.”可知，Débora同样也签署了这封信件，由此可知，她对该信件中提出的寻找在全球海洋中捕获导致地球升温的二氧化碳的方法是表示支持的。故选B。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的《濒危物种法》拯救了很多物种。
5．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段“The few remaining wild condors were brought into zoos in the early 1980s as part of a captive breeding(圈养) program.Gradually，a small group of the birds reproduced...”可知，动物园当时圈养秃鹰是为了恢复其数量。故选B。]
6．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“The act currently protects more than 2,300 species.These include more than 900 plants and at least 160 marine species.”可知，《濒危物种法》目前保护的物种超过了2 300种，这其中包括900多种植物和至少160种海洋物种，即该法案在物种保护方面贡献很大。故选D。]
7．A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后“For instance，being listed under the act makes it illegal to use，kill or catch any of these organisms.It also bans the import of any endangered foreign animals，as well as any meat or products made from them.”可推断，画线词所在句的句意为“这可能意味着描述恢复其栖息地的方法，或确定阻止对一个物种的威胁的方法”。因此推测画线词的意思与stop的意思最接近。故选A。]
8．A　[标题归纳题。根据最后一段“The ESA has written plenty of success stories over the past half-century.So far，the act has helped keep 99 percent of species under its protection from extinction.”及全文可知，本文的主要内容是：由于《濒危物种法》的颁布，很多濒临灭绝的物种得到了保护，它们的数量也在不断恢复。故A项“《濒危物种法》拯救了很多物种”是本文的最佳标题。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.G　2.E　3.C　4.F　5.A
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个感人的故事，一位妇女在多年后重新找回了她失踪的狗威尔。这个故事展示了互联网在帮助人们团聚方面的巨大力量，尤其是在需要帮助的时候。
1．B　[comment on对……进行评论；check out查看；speak of说起；look for寻找。根据下文“the shelter’s post forwarded by friends in her community，Hannah saw a dog”可知，Hannah在查看社区朋友转发的收容所的帖子。故选B。]
2．B　[celebration庆祝；adoption收养；demonstration展示；recommendation推荐。根据第四段中“But Rome was scheduled to be at the Take Me Home event today！”可知，这只狗要出现在收养活动中。故选B。]
3．C　[dynamic动态的；lovely可爱的；familiar熟悉的；friendly友好的。根据第四段中的“whether this was Will after all these years”和“It turned out a big yes.”可知，Rome就是Will，所以Hannah看到Rome的照片觉得很熟悉。故选C。]
4．D　[shelter躲避；describe描述；forget忘记；locate确定……的位置。根据上文“went missing from her home in 2019.Although her family looked everywhere，they couldn’t”可知，虽然Hannah的家人到处找，但是没找到他们的狗。故选D。]
5．A　[receive收到；forward促进，推进；leave离开；deliver递送。根据下文“a message accompanied by photos with a detailed description”和“sent a message back”可知，收容所是收到了一条消息。故选A。]
6．D　[duty职责；achievement成就；owner主人；appearance外表。根据上文“photos with a detailed description of Will’s”可知，照片上详细描述了Will的外表，这样收容所的人才能判断Rome是不是Will。故选D。]
7．C　[possibly可能；obviously显然；actually实际上，事实上；typically一般，通常。根据上文“the dog brought to our shelter and renamed Rome”和下文“Will”可知，此处表示“希望这只被带到我们收容所并更名为Rome的狗真的是Will”。故选C。]
8．D　[hesitation犹豫；guilt愧疚；anger愤怒；panic恐慌。根据上文“Rome was scheduled to be at the Take Me Home event today”可知，Rome要参加收养活动了，可能会被人收养，所以志愿者有点恐慌。故选D。]
9．D　[popular流行的；thankful感激的；supportive支持的；reunited团聚的。根据第三段中“Will，a six-year-old，went missing from her home”可知，Will从它的家里走失了，所以志愿者是希望这个家庭能够团聚。故选D。]
10．B　[guess猜测；know知道；discuss讨论；doubt怀疑。根据下文“whether this was Will after all these years”可知，志愿者想要知道这么多年后这条狗是不是Will。故选B。]
11．A　[heart-warming感人的；mind-bending使人极度兴奋的；convincing令人信服的；entertaining娱乐的。根据上文“It turned out a big yes.”可知，Rome真的就是走失很久的Will，这是一个感人的故事。故选A。]
12．B　[danger危险；need需要；happiness快乐；uncertainty不确定。根据上文“the incredible impact that the Internet can have in bringing communities together”可知，互联网在将社区团结在一起方面具有不可思议的影响，尤其是在需要帮助的时候。故选B。]
13．A　[share分享；read读；revise修改；save救。根据第二段中“the shelter’s post forwarded by friends in her community”可知，Hannah刚开始是看到了社区里的朋友们发的帖子，朋友们发帖也就是分享帖子。故选A。]
14．C　[connection连接；treasure财宝；wonder奇迹；success成功。根据上一段中“It turned out a big yes.”可知，Rome真的就是走失很久的Will，这简直是一个奇迹。故选C。]
15．A　[excited激动的；motivated有……动机的；amused被逗乐的；flushed脸红的。根据下文“have their dog back”可知，走失多年的狗又回来了，这家人当然会感到激动。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.salty　2.the　3.However/Nevertheless　4.from
5．was added　6.introduction　7.sharpen　8.what
9．produced　10.to think选择性必修第一册　Unit 6　Nurturing nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
The Palace Museum，covering a vast 720,000-square-meter structure，has embarked on a remarkable journey towards achieving zero waste.Since the launch of its “Zero Waste” campaign in January 2020，significant strides have been made in reducing waste generation and promoting sustainable practices.
At the forefront of this initiative is the reduction in the number of trash bins across public areas，now totaling only 110 sets compared to the 310 sets in January 2020.This strategic decrease highlights the museum’s commitment to minimizing waste production while preserving the historical integrity of its six-century-old relic.
Moreover，the museum’s dedication to sustainability extends beyond waste reduction to creative recycling endeavors.For example，the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures displayed in the Cining Palace area，made up of 92% recycled waste from the museum，exemplify the transformation of waste into beauty through careful processes such as ①disinfection，pruning，grinding，and splicing.Notably，over 32,000 plastic bottles have been recycled between June 2021 and October 2023 to craft cultural and creative products.This innovative approach not only reuses waste but also contributes to a reduction in carbon emissions by 931 kilograms，②showcasing the environmental impact of such projects.
The Palace Museum’s “Zero Waste” project is characterized by a science-based and meticulous approach to waste management.Through comprehensive training programs for staff，the promotion of “zero waste offices”，and the establishment of a composting (堆肥) pilot，the museum has achieved a remarkable recovery rate within the Palace Museum，reaching 45%.
Proof of the success of this campaign is the participation of approximately 3,000 museum staff members,40,000 tourist guides，and an amazing 21 million visitors.By promoting waste reduction and eco-friendly practices，the Palace Museum is not only leading by example but also inspiring others to follow suit.
In summary，the Palace Museum’s journey towards zero waste exemplifies a harmonious blend of heritage preservation，environmental protection，and innovative solutions.With its firm dedication and pioneering efforts，the museum sets a model for other cultural sites across the globe，proving that sustainability and cultural preservation can go hand in hand.
1．What is the main reason behind the reduction in the number of trash bins at the Palace Museum
A. To increase the historical integrity of the museum.
B．To encourage visitors to take their waste with them.
C．To reduce the workload of the museum staff.
D．To minimize waste production and promote sustainability.
2．According to the passage，what is the primary material used to create the “Funiu ci jiu” waste recycling sculptures
A. Recycled plastic bottles.
B．Ceramic artifacts from the museum.
C．Wooden scraps from renovation projects.
D．Discarded metal parts from old machinery.
3．What can be inferred about the environmental impact of the Palace Museum’s recycling efforts
A. It has led to a significant increase in carbon emissions.
B．It has resulted in a decrease in overall waste generation.
C．It has primarily focused on recycling paper products.
D．It has had no obvious effect on sustainability practices.
4．What is the main theme of the passage
A. The history and architecture of the Palace Museum.
B．The environmental impact of tourism in cultural sites.
C．The implementation of sustainable practices at the Palace Museum.
D．The economic benefits of promoting cultural heritage.
语境猜词 ①disinfection(派)＝dis＋infection ____________________ ②showcase(合)＝show＋case ____________________
B
Mayan civilization was a Central American (Mesoamerican) civilization that covered one third of Central America.Mayan civilization is famous for its fully developed written language，striking art，huge architecture，and advanced mathematical and astronomical knowledge.These features came out of the Preclassic Period but reached their highest development in the Classic Period (250 to 900 AD)．When it prospered(繁荣)，it was one of the most densely populated and culturally active societies in the world.
Mayan civilization was not one single empire，but rather many separate city-states which had a common cultural background.Strangely，after the Classic Period，these cities stopped to be centers of importance.Mayan culture continued and still exists today but in a rural setting.One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.They were swallowed up by the tropical jungles.Travelers and scholars ①rediscovered them and have studied them only in the last two hundred years or so.In fact，scholars have debates about what happened，but some factors seem to be part of the explanation of why they disappeared.
Toward the end there was large-scale，②continuous warfare among the city-states.The rulers were highly competitive and made fierce wars on one another.Another factor considered is ③overpopulation.Scholars indicate that the Mayan population reached up to 200 people per square kilometer，among the highest in the ④pre-industrial world.Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest，the source of their food.
Research from pollen(花粉) indicates that there was almost no tropical forest left.This led to damage to the environment of the area，further resulting in a lack of water and then drought.Thus warfare，overpopulation，overuse of resources，and destruction of the environment appear to be active factors involved in the disappearance of Mayan cities.
5．What is the function of the first paragraph
A．To present a different view.
B．To provide the main topic.
C．To lead to the main topic.
D．To provide the text’s road-map.
6．Which of the following has puzzled scholars
A．The disappearance of Mayan cities.
B．The continuation of Mayan culture.
C．The city-states’ cultural background.
D．The creation of Mayan civilization.
7．What was the consequence of overuse of the tropical forest
A．Serious flood. B．Overpopulation.
C．Continuous wars. D．Food shortage.
8．What is the best title for this passage
A．The Fall of Mayan Cities
B．The Golden Age of Mayan Cities
C．Tropical Jungles and Mayan Civilization
D．Mayan Civilization in the Classic Period
语境猜词 ①rediscover(派)＝re＋discover ____________________ ②continuous(派)＝continu(e)＋ous ____________________ ③overpopulation(派)＝over＋population ____________________ ④pre-industrial(派)＝pre＋industrial ____________________
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·安徽三模)
In today’s world of digital distractions(分心物)，the thought of taking your kids to an art gallery might seem a ①thankless and impossible challenge.Surely a child won’t have the patience to stare at something for long. 1
Being exposed to art，however，holds profound significance for the development of young minds，both ②intellectually and emotionally. 2 Each painting，sculpture，or photograph in art galleries tells a story，inviting young viewers to interpret and connect with it on a personal level.
But with many kids being extremely picky eaters，and galleries seeming as appetizing as yesterday’s porridge，how can we get them to tuck(狂吃) in 3 I firmly believe art galleries can be great fun if we set out with the intention of making them so.
First，why not let your children enjoy art on their own terms Who said that walking around a gallery had to be slow，stopping to look at every picture？ 4 If they want to head straight for a certain display，let them.If something catches their eye on the other side of the room，that’s absolutely fine.
5 What really matters in a gallery is that children build a connection with art，for whatever reason.To encourage this，you can make it into a game，either with or without a reward，with simple questions like，“Who can guess the artist？” I did this many times with my children and always found it to enhance their interest.
A．Let them determine the pace.
B．Turning art into a game is another trick.
C．Make the art gallery fit in with your kids.
D．The answer is to approach them with fresh eyes.
E．It is a crying shame that they are least-visited attractions.
F．It allows children opportunities to engage in diverse perspectives and cultures.
G．It’s understandable to think of art galleries as anything but child-friendly places.
语境猜词 ①thankless(派)＝thank＋less ____________________ ②intellectually(派)＝intellectual＋ly ____________________
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
When Karl Goldstein was a kid，he took piano lessons every Saturday morning with a family friend.But when Goldstein was 12，his teacher told his 1 that he needed better ①instruction.So his mother took him to a music school，and 2 for classes taught by Alice Shapiro who was known for being 3 .On the first day，she told Goldstein that he had to memorize the 4 of the Beethoven Sonata within a week.
“Well，I don’t think I can do that，” Goldstein hesitated.
“But you must do it，” the teacher said 5 .
This was nothing like his 6 Saturday mornings with his former teacher，and it wasn’t 7 before Goldstein decided that he didn’t want to take piano lessons anymore.He 8 he’d pick up another instrument，or maybe just 9 himself the piano after the semester.
But a few words of encouragement from the music teacher changed Goldstein’s 10 .One day，Shapiro turned to him and said something 11 ，“I am really happy that you have made ②remarkable progress within such a short time! I am sure you’re not going to 12 .”
The encouragement transformed their relationship 13 and it was the beginning of a long and 14 relationship.
“Years later，I became a piano teacher and that’s what I’ve been doing for the past 50 years.I 15 it all to the precious moment with my seemingly tough teacher，Alice Shapiro.”
1．A.students B．colleagues
C．children D．parents
2．A.dropped in B．signed up
C．rushed out D．packed up
3．A.tough B．kind
C．generous D．selfish
4．A.vocabulary B．brochure
C．music D．address
5．A.sharply B．carelessly
C．gently D．patiently
6．A.cold B．light-hearted
C．short D．unpleasant
7．A.easy B．acceptable
C．long D．affordable
8．A.realized B．acknowledged
C．pretended D．figured
9．A.buy B．teach
C．give D．tell
10．A.mind B．habit
C．tune D．goal
11．A.amusing B．alarming
C．surprising D．annoying
12．A.argue B．cry
C．run D．stop
13．A.occasionally B．magically
C．unwillingly D．eagerly
14．A.fruitful B．difficult
C．romantic D．distant
15．A.refer B．prefer
C．owe D．bring
语境猜词 ①instruction(派)＝instruct＋ion ____________________ ②remarkable(派)＝remark＋able ____________________
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A zipper runs along a 40-centimeter-tall porcelain vase，with its top slightly open.The art piece，not 1.____________________(original) designed that way，has been repaired by Nie Chao.2.____________________ repaired vase won Nie the new talent award at the Baihe Cup，an art and craft design and innovation competition，where more than 3,000 pieces or sets of work were shown.The competition 3.____________________(hold) during the second edition of the China Arts and Crafts Expo in Nanjing，Jiangsu Province，in September 2021.
As the 4.____________________(five) generation inheritor of his family’s ceramic-repair skills，Nie has devoted himself to better preserving them，as well as 5.____________________(bring) traditional Chinese engraving skills and modern art designs to the mix.Nie’s father and grandfather were focused on fixing porcelain items to restore their ①functionality.Nie has taken it a step further as he tries to make the repaired items look even 6.____________________(good)．For example，when mending the 7.____________________(break) cover of a teacup，Nie could have just added a couple of metal staples(钉) to ②reconnect the damaged parts,8.____________________ he decided to create a bamboo pattern on it.
Nie says handmade things have one advantage 9.__________________ ③mass-produced items，in that each is unique.Mending ceramics not only restores the 10.____________________(appear) and functionality of a ware but also preserves its historical and cultural value.
语境猜词 ①functionality(派)＝function＋al＋ity ____________________ ②reconnect(派)＝re＋connect ____________________ ③mass-produced(合＋派)＝mass＋produce＋d ____________________
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.消毒，杀菌　②v.展示，展现
B．①v.重新发现　②adj.连续的　③n.人口过多　④adj.工业化前的
Ⅱ.①adj.徒劳无益的；吃力不讨好的　②adv.智力上
Ⅲ.①n.指导　②adj.引人注目的，非凡的
Ⅳ.①n.功能性；实用性　②v.再连接　③adj.批量生产的
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院发起的“零废弃”项目和该项目取得的成就，展示了其在遗产保护、环境管理和创新解决方案方面的和谐融合，为全球文化机构树立了榜样。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This strategic decrease highlights the museum’s commitment to minimizing waste production while preserving the historical integrity of its six-century-old relic.”和第三段首句“Moreover，the museum’s dedication to sustainability extends beyond waste reduction to”可知，减少垃圾桶的数量是为了减少废物的产生并促进可持续发展，故选D。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For example，the ‘Funiu ci jiu’ waste recycling sculptures...made up of 92% recycled waste from the museum，exemplify the transformation of waste into beauty through careful processes...Notably，over 32,000 plastic bottles have been recycled...to craft cultural and creative products.”可知，“福牛辞旧”废品回收雕塑的主要材料是回收的塑料瓶。故选A。]
3．B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Notably，over 32,000 plastic bottles have been recycled between June 2021 and October 2023 to craft cultural and creative products.This innovative approach not only reuses waste but also contributes to a reduction in carbon emissions by 931 kilograms，showcasing the environmental impact of such projects.”可知，博物馆的回收工作使得废弃物总量减少了。故选B。]
4．C　[主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并结合整篇文章都在介绍故宫博物院的“零废弃”项目推动可持续发展及其取得的成就和产生的重要影响可知，C项能够高度概括文章主题。故选C。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍对玛雅城市消失原因的研究。
5．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段“Mayan civilization was a Central American...When it prospered(繁荣)，it was one of the most densely populated and culturally active societies in the world.”可知，本段主要介绍玛雅城市的繁荣，而下文讨论玛雅城市消失的原因，所以第一段起引出主题的作用。故选C。]
6．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.”可知，玛雅城市的消失让学者感到困惑。故选A。]
7．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段末句“Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest，the source of their food.”可知，热带森林是玛雅人的食物来源，由此可推知，对热带森林的过度使用会导致食物短缺。故选D。]
8．A　[标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段中“Thus warfare，overpopulation，overuse of resources，and destruction of the environment appear to be active factors involved in the disappearance of Mayan cities.”可知，文章主要介绍对玛雅城市消失原因的研究，所以A项“The Fall of Mayan Cities”符合题意。故选A。]
Ⅱ.1.G　2.F　3.D　4.A　5.B
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Karl Goldstein来到Alice Shapiro门下学习钢琴，Shapiro以严格著称，这让Goldstein产生放弃学琴的念头。然而，Shapiro的鼓励改变了他的想法，最终Goldstein成为一名钢琴老师，并将这归功于Shapiro老师的影响。
1．D　[student学生；colleague同事；children孩子们；parents父母。根据下文的“So his mother took him to a music school”可知，老师告诉Karl Goldstein的父母，他需要更好的指导。故选D。]
2．B　[drop in顺便拜访；sign up报名；rush out冲出去；pack up打包。根据上文的“So his mother took him to a music school”可知，Karl Goldstein的母亲带他去音乐学校报名上音乐课以得到更好的指导。故选B。]
3．A　[tough严格的；kind善良的；generous慷慨的；selfish自私的。根据下文的“But you must do it”可知，Alice Shapiro老师很严格。故选A。]
4．C　[vocabulary词汇；brochure小册子；music乐谱；address地址。根据下文的“Well，I don’t think I can do that”和语境可知，钢琴课上老师要求Goldstein记住贝多芬奏鸣曲的乐谱。故选C。]
5．A　[sharply严厉地；carelessly粗心地；gently温柔地； patiently耐心地。根据“But you must do it”可知，老师严厉地对Karl Goldstein说他要完成记忆任务。故选A。]
6．B　[cold寒冷的；light-hearted轻松愉快的；short短的；unpleasant不愉快的。根据上文的“But you must do it”和下文的“Goldstein decided that he didn’t want to take piano lessons anymore”可知，自从换了老师，Karl Goldstein的周六不再像以前那样轻松愉快了，这使他不想上钢琴课了。故选B。]
7．C　[easy容易的；acceptable可接受的；long长久的；affordable负担得起的。根据上文的“On the first day...of the Beethoven Sonata within a week.”和本句中的“This was nothing like his...Saturday mornings with his former teacher”可知，Karl Goldstein因为老师的严格要求，周六不再像以前那样轻松愉快了，因此没过多久，他决定不想上钢琴课了。故选C。]
8．D　[realize意识到；acknowledge 承认；pretend假装； figure认为，认定。根据本句中的“he’d pick up another instrument”可知，Karl Goldstein不想再上钢琴课了，因此认为自己应该选择另一种乐器。故选D。]
9．B　[buy买；teach教；give给；tell告诉。根据上文的“He...he’d pick up another instrument”和or可知，Karl Goldstein不想上钢琴课了，需要做出选择：要么换一种乐器，要么这学期之后自学。故选B。]
10．A　[mind想法；habit习惯；tune曲调；goal目标。根据上文的“he didn’t want to take piano lessons anymore”可知，Karl Goldstein不想上钢琴课了，再由本句中的“But a few words of encouragement from the music teacher changed”可知，在老师的鼓励下，他改变了想法。故选A。]
11．C　[amusing有趣的；alarming令人惊恐的；surprising令人惊讶的；annoying令人恼火的。根据上文的“he didn’t want to take piano lessons anymore”可知，Karl Goldstein不想上钢琴课了，再由本句中的“I am really happy that you have made remarkable progress within such a short time！”可知，老师的鼓励是Karl Goldstein没有想到的，让他很惊讶。故选C。]
12．D　[argue争论；cry哭；run跑；stop停止。根据上文的“I am really happy that you have made remarkable progress within such a short time！”可知，老师确信Karl Goldstein不会停止学习钢琴。故选D。]
13．B　[occasionally偶尔；magically神奇地；unwillingly不情愿地；eagerly急切地。根据本句中的“it was the beginning of a long and...relationship”可知，老师和Karl Goldstein开始建立长期的关系，这说明老师的鼓励有着神奇的力量。故选B。]
14．A　[fruitful富有成果的；difficult困难的；romantic浪漫的；distant遥远的。根据本句中的“The encouragement transformed their relationship...”及下文Karl Goldstein说的话可知，老师的鼓励有着神奇的力量，使他们的关系能够长久并结出硕果。故选A。]
15．C　[refer参考；prefer更喜欢；owe归功于；bring带来。根据上文的“Years later，I became a piano teacher and that’s what I’ve been doing for the past 50 years.”可知，多年后，Karl Goldstein成为一名钢琴老师，这是他过去50年来一直在做的事。由此可知老师对Karl Goldstein的影响之深，Karl Goldstein将这一切归功于老师。owe...to...将……归功于……。故选C。]
Ⅳ.1.originally　2.The　3.was held　4.fifth　5.bringing　6.better　7.broken　8.but/yet　9.over　10.appearance

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