资源简介 Unit 4 My favourite subject 知识梳理2025-2026学年七年级英语上册新课标(核心素养)同步大师课堂(重点单词与词语) (知识点一)一、重点单词1. biology n.生物学2. IT (= information technology)信息技术3. geography n.地理(学)4. history n.历史;历史课5. boring adj.乏味的;令人生厌的6. useful adj.有用的;有益的7. exciting adj.令人激动的;使人兴奋的8. past n.过去;过去的事情 adj.过去的prep.在……之后9. number n.数字;号码10. reason n.原因;理由11. remember v.记住;记起12. as prep.如同;作为conj.当……时;由于13. subject n.学科;科目14. learn v.学习;得知15. maths(= mathematics, math) n.数学16. PE(= physical educational) n.体育17. hard adj.困难的 adv.努力地18. difficult adj.困难的19. sure adv.当然;一定20. easy adj.容易的21. use v.使用;利用n.使用;用途22. give v.给;送给;供给23. idea n.想法;主意24. listen v.听25. draw v.画画26. travel v. &n.旅行;游历27. walk v.& n.行走;步行28. afternoon n.下午29. then adv.那时;然后;那么30. Miss(对未婚女子的礼貌称呼)小姐;女士31. work v.& n.工作32. sometimes adv.有时33. feel v.感觉;觉得二、重点短语1.the importance of.··的重要性2.favourite subject 最喜欢的学科3.wake up 醒来 ·····4.be late for 迟到5.come on 快点6.next class 下一节课7.learn about了解;学习;知道8.good with 灵巧的;善于应付····的9.help sb with 帮助某人做(某事)10.look at sth 看某物11.let sb do sth 让某人做某事12.listen to 听;倾听13.good at 擅长14.walk to school 步行去上学15.work hard 努力工作16.make sb/sth+adj.让某人/物17.make sb do sth 让某人做某事18.on that day 在那天19.the same as和······一样20.all kinds of 各种各样的21.want to be 想要成为22.in the future 将来;未来23.work out 计算出;解决24.in class 课堂上25.feel like 感觉像(重点句型) (知识点二)26.in one's life 在某人的生活中Ella doesn’t like history because it’s hard. 埃拉不喜欢历史,因为它很难。2. Peter’s favourite subject is PE because it’s exciting.彼得最喜欢的学科是体育,因为它令人激动。3.- -Why do you like it --It’s interesting to learn about the past.--你为什么喜欢它?--了解过去很有趣。4. My favourite is maths because I am good with numbers.我最喜欢的是数学,因为我能灵活应对数字。5. It’s difficult for me.那对我来说很难。6. English is important,and my English teacher is really nice.英语是重要的,并且我的英语老师真的很不错。7. He is good at English,and he often helps me with my English.他擅长英语,并且经常帮我学英语。8. My favourite subject is geography because I like travelling我最喜欢的学科是地理因为我喜欢旅行。9. Sometimes it’s difficult to remember all the information,but Miss Baker helps me.有时候很难记住所有的信息,但贝克老师帮了我。My favourite subject is music because the class is fun and we learn a lot of new songs.我最喜欢的学科是音乐,因为课程是有趣的并且我们学习很多新歌。Music always makes me happy.音乐总是让我开心。My music teacher is excellent. He lets us play all kinds of interesting instruments.我的音乐老师很优秀。他让我们演奏各种各样的乐器。I want to be a singer in the future.未来我想成为一名歌手。14.This term,I have subjects like Chinese,history,maths,English, PE, and IT.这学期,我上一些科目,像语文,历史,数学,英语,体育和信息技术。15. I like all the subjects,but my favourite is maths.我喜欢所有的学科,但是我最喜欢的是数学。16. We learn how to work out maths problems in class.我们在课堂上学习如何解决数学问题。17. It feels like magic and is really fun.它感觉像是魔法,真的很有趣。18.Maths is very useful in our life, and I want to be a scientist in the future.(重点语法)数学在我们生活中很有用,并且将来我想成为一名科学家。(知识点三)连词的用法一、并列连词1、and(和,并且)①连接并列的单词、短语或句子,表示并列、顺承或递进关系My brother and I go to the same school.(连接并列的单词,我哥哥和我上同一所学校。)She is tall and thin.(连接并列的形容词,她又高又瘦。)He got up early and went to school on time.(连接并列的句子,他早早起床,然后按时去上学了。)②在祈使句中,“祈使句,and...” 结构,此时 and 相当于 “if you...,you'll...”,表示条件和结果的关系。Work hard, and you will get good grades.=If you work hard, you will get good grades.努力学习,你就会取得好成绩。2、but(但是),表示转折关系,连接前后语义相反或相对的内容。The book is old but interesting.这本书很旧但是很有趣。He is rich but not happy.他很富有但并不快乐。3、or(或者,否则)①表示选择关系,常用于疑问句和否定句中Do you like apples or bananas 你喜欢苹果还是香蕉?I don't like coffee or tea.我不喜欢咖啡也不喜欢茶。②用于 “祈使句 + or + 陈述句” 结构中,表示 “否则”Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.快点,否则你会错过公交车。4、so(所以),表示因果关系,连接原因和结果,so 后面接的是结果。It was raining, so we stayed at home.天在下雨,所以我们待在家里。He was ill, so he didn't go to school.他生病了,所以没去上学。5、for(因为),表示原因,用于解释前面的情况,通常放在句中,不用于句首。We can't go out for a walk for it's too dark.我们不能出去散步,因为天太黑了。She didn't come to school for she was ill.她没来上学,因为她生病了。6、both...and...(两者都),连接两个并列的成分,表示两者都包括,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Both Tom and Jerry like playing basketball.汤姆和杰瑞都喜欢打篮球。The book is both interesting and educational.这本书既有趣又有教育意义。7、either...or...(要么…… 要么……),连接两个并列的成分,表示在两者中进行选择,作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,即与 or 后面的主语保持一致。Either you or he has to clean the classroom.要么你要么他得打扫教室。You can either come with me or stay at home.你可以要么跟我来,要么待在家里。8、neither...nor...(既不…… 也不……),连接两个并列的成分,表示两者都不,作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。Neither he nor I am going to the party.他和我都不去参加派对。The boy likes neither apples nor bananas.这个男孩既不喜欢苹果也不喜欢香蕉。9、not only...but also...(不但…… 而且……),连接两个并列的成分,表示递进关系,作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。Not only the students but also the teacher likes the movie.不但学生们而且老师也喜欢这部电影。She is not only beautiful but also kind - hearted.她不但漂亮而且心地善良。二、从属连词1、because(因为),引导原因状语从句,表示主句动作或状态发生的原因。I didn't go to school because I was ill.我没去上学因为我生病了。He was late because of the heavy traffic.(注意:because of 后接名词短语,这里不是 because 的用法,此句表示 “他因为交通拥堵迟到了”。because 引导句子,because of 引导名词短语。)2、although/though(虽然,尽管),引导让步状语从句,表示 “虽然…… 但是……”,在英语中,although/though 不能和 but 同时出现在一个句子中。Although/Though it was raining hard, he still went to school on time.虽然雨下得很大,他仍然按时去上学了。Though he is young, he knows a lot.尽管他很年轻,他知道很多。3、if(如果),引导条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。You will be late if you don't hurry up.如果你不快点,你就会迟到。4、when/while/as(当…… 时候)①when 的用法:可以表示主句和从句动作同时发生,也可以先后发生,从句中的动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词。When I got home, my mother was cooking.(got home 是非延续性动词,came in 是非延续性动词,先后发生)我到家时,妈妈正在做饭。When he was a child, he often played football.(他小时候经常踢足球。)②while 的用法:强调主句和从句动作同时进行,从句中动词一般用延续性动词。While I was reading, my sister was watching TV.(reading和watching TV 都是延续性动词,两个动作同时进行)我在看书的时候,我妹妹在看电视。③as 的用法:强调两个动作同时进行,可译为 “一边…… 一边……” ,也可表示随着。She sang as she walked.她一边走一边唱歌。As time goes by, we are getting older.随着时间的流逝,我们渐渐变老。5.since(自从;既然)①表示 “自从”,引导时间状语从句,从句常用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时Since I came to this school, I have made many friends.自从我来到这所学校,我交了很多朋友。②表示 “既然”,引导原因状语从句,语气比 because 弱Since you are here, you can help me with my homework.既然你在这儿,你可以帮我做作业。6.as soon as(一…… 就……),引导时间状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,强调两个动作紧接着发生。As soon as he arrives, we will start the meeting.他一到,我们就开始会议。I will tell him the news as soon as I see him.我一见到他就会告诉他这个消息。7.until/till(直到…… 为止),引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生为止。在肯定句中,主句谓语动词通常是延续性动词;在否定句中,主句谓语动词通常是非延续性动词,构成 “not...until/till...” 结构,表示 “直到…… 才……”。【肯定句】He waited until/till his mother came back.(waited 是延续性动词)他一直等到他妈妈回来【否定句】He didn't leave until/till his mother came back.(leave 是非延续性动词)直到他妈妈回来他才离开。8.unless(除非,如果不),引导条件状语从句,相当于 “if...not...”,遵循 “主将从现” 原则。You will fail the exam unless you study hard.=You will fail the exam if you don't study hard.除非你努力学习,否则你会考试不及格。I won't go to the party unless he invites me.=I won't go to the party if he doesn't invite me.(重点知识) (知识点四)如果他不邀请我,我就不会去参加派对。1、Why do you like this subject 你为什么喜欢这门课程 1)“Why+一般疑问句 ”用于询问原因,回答时常用because引导的句子。—Why do you like playing basketball 你为什么喜欢打篮球 —Because it's interesting.因为它有趣。2)subject subject为名词,意为“学科;科目”,其复数形式为subjects。How many subjects do you have at school 你在学校学多少门学科 【拓展】subject还可意为“主题;话题”,多指涉及面较广的概括性题目,也可指讨论、研究、写作或艺术性创作的题目。What's the subject of this unit 这个单元的主题是什么 2、Ella doesn't like history/geography because it's hard/boring. 埃拉不喜欢历史/地理,因为它太难/乏味了。1)hard①hard作形容词,意为“困难的”,近义词为difficult,反义词为easy。The problem is too hard.这个问题太难了。②hard 还可用作副词,意为“努力地”。He worked hard all the time.他一直努力学习。③hard作副词,还可意为“大量地;沉重地;用力地”,相当于heavily。It rains hard. 雨下得很大。④hard作形容词,还可意为“坚硬的”。The stone is so hard. 这块石头如此坚硬。2)boring为形容词,意为“乏味的;令人生厌的”,常用来说明或描述事物,可放在名词前作定语或放在be动词后作表语。Today is a boring day.今天是无聊的一天。The movie is boring.这部电影很无聊。【拓展】bored为形容词,意为“厌倦的;烦闷的”,常用来描述人的感受。be bored with ...对……感到厌倦I feel bored today.我今天感觉很无聊。The book makes me bored.这本书让我感到厌烦。She is bored with football games.她厌倦了足球比赛。3、Can you help me with this suject be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助The book should be very helpful to parents of disabled children.这本书对于残疾儿童的父母会很有用。4、Peter's favourite subject is Chinese/PE because it's useful/exciting.彼得最喜欢的科目是语文/体育,因为它很有用/令人激动。1)useful①useful 为形容词,意为“有用的;有益的”,useful是由“use(n.使用;用途)+-ful(形容词后缀)”构成,可在句中作定语或表语。②useful的发音以辅音音素开头,其前如需不定冠词,应用a。③useful 的常见用法:be useful to sb对某人有用be useful for doing sth 对做某事有用Reading more is useful to us.多阅读对我们有益。2)exciting为形容词,意为“令人激动的;使人兴奋的”。v.+-ed/-ing(-ed形容词多表示人的感受,-ing形容词多用于修饰物)amaze→ amazed 吃惊的→ amazing 令人大为惊奇的bore→ bored (对某人/事物)厌烦的→ boring 令人厌倦(或厌烦)的excite→ excited 兴奋的→ exciting 令人激动的interest → interested 感兴趣的→ interesting 有趣的5、It's interesting to learn about the past.了解过去很有趣。It is easy for me to sing the song.唱这首歌对我来说很简单。含形容词的句型总结①It’s+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……,It’s interesting to see two people talking that way.看见两个人那样说话很有趣。②It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……(此句型中形容词通常为difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等)。It’s impossible for a child to answer the question.小孩子不可能回答出这个问题。It’s dangerous for you to swim alone.你自己一个人去游泳很危险。③It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth. 某人做某事是……(此句型中形容词通常为good, kind,nice, polite, clever, foolish,lazy,careful,careless等形容人的品质的),It’s nice of you to help me.你帮我,你真好。④主语+find/think/make/consider/feel 等+it+adj.+to do sth. 某人发现/认为/使得/考虑/感觉做某事是……,I find it impossible to finish my homework in one day.我觉得一天内无法完成家庭作业。⑤主语+be+adj.+to do sth. 某人……做某事(此句型中形容词通常为glad,pleased,sorry,sad,thankful,ready,able,sure,certain等),I’m very sorry to hear the news.听到这个消息我很难过。I’m glad to see you.见到你我很高兴。Tom is sure/certain to come.汤姆一定会来。6、He lets us play all kinds of interesting instruments.他让我们演奏各种有趣的乐器。1)let sb do sth 意为“让某人做某事”。其否定形式为let sb not do sth 或 don't let sb dosth,后者表示的语气更强。Let me tell you something about the factory.让我告诉你一些关于这座工厂的事情。Let him not play computer games too much.让他不要玩太多电脑游戏。Don't let him play computer games too much.不要让他玩太多电脑游戏。2)instrument作名词,意为“乐器,工具”。instrument为可数名词,其前有不定冠词修饰时应用an。a musical instrument 乐器a sports instrument 体育器械A plough is an instrument used for farming.犁是一种用于耕作的工具。Is she learning a musical instrument 她在学乐器吗 7、①Because I'm good with numbers.因为我善于和数字打交道。② He is good at English ...他擅长英语……1)be good短语小结短语 意义及用法be good at “擅长……”,be good at sth./doing sth.=do well in sth./doing sth.“擅长某事/做某事”。其反义词组为be weak in sth./be poor at (sth./doing sth.)在某方面/做某事方面差/弱。be good with “与……相处融洽;善于应付……的”,与get on/along well with同义,后常接表示人的名词或代词。be good for “对……有好处”,其反义词组为be bad for。be good to “对……友好”,相当于be friendly/kind to,后接名词或代词。He’s good at dealing with pressure.他善于应对压力。I’m good with my classmates.我与我的同学关系融洽。It’s probably good for you to make some mistakes.犯些错误或许对你有好处。He is very good to me.他对我非常友好。8、辨析question与problemproblem为名词,意为“难题;困难”。词汇 意义及用法question ①指说话人需要寻找答案的问题,常与ask, answer连用; ②It’s a question of sth. 这是与……有关的事; ③可作动词,意为“表示疑问;怀疑”。problem ①指说话人认为难以解决的问题,常与solve,think about,work out,deal with连用; ②(考试、教科书中)遇到的难题。如:a math problem 一道数学难题; ③常用短语:no problem 没问题;不客气;没关系。9、as的用法1)作介词,意为“作为,当作;像,如同”。如:She works as a teacher. 她的职业是教师。2)作连词:①“当……时;随着”。She became happy as she talked about her friends.她一谈到朋友们就高兴起来了。②“由于,因为”。As you were out,I left a message.因为你不在,所以我留了一张字条。③“正如;如同”。As you know,Julia is leaving soon.你是知道的,朱莉娅马上要离开了。④“照……方式”。如:They did as I had asked. 他们是按照我的要求做的。3)作副词,意为“像……一样;如同”。常见搭配:as...as...,意为“和……一样……”(常用于同级比较)。You’re as tall as your father.你和你父亲一样高。【拓展】as soon as意为“一……就……”,as long as意为“只要”,as usual意为“像往常一样”。10、reply的用法【拓展】辨析reply与answer词汇 作动词 作名词reply ①两词均意为“答复,回答”; ②answer直接接宾语,reply接宾语须用reply to; ③answer还可表示接电话或应门,如answer the door/phone;reply无此意义。 均与介词to搭配,如the answer to...意为“……的答案”;the reply to...意为“……的答复”。11、Maths is very useful in our life, and I want to be a scientist in the future.数学在我们的生活中非常有用,我将来想成为一名科学家。1)life作名词,意为“生活”时的常见have a(n) ... life=live a(n) ... life过着……的生活2)life 作名词,意为“生命”时的常见用法:save one's life 挽救……的生命lose one's life失去……的生命The doctor sayes many people's lives.这位医生挽救了许多人的生命。He lost his life in a big fire.他在一场大火中丧生了。【点拨】"How does sb feel about ... ”意为“某人觉得……怎么样 ”该句型常用来询问某人对某事(物)或某人的看法。与其含义相同的句型还有:What does sb think of/about ... How does sb like/find ... How do you feel about the new book =What do you think of/about the new book =How do you like/find the new book 你觉得这本新书怎么样 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览