资源简介

(共18张PPT)
Welcome Unit
人教版 必修一
Discovering Useful Structures 句子基本结构讲解
Learning aims:
1) be able to identify the sentence elements
能够识别句子成分
2) be able to recognize the basic sentence structure
能够认识基本的句子结构
基本句型
简单句
并列句
复合句
八大句式
简单句+
+ 连词(and、but)
+简单句
主句 + 从句
句式分类
English Sentence Elements
（1）主语：表示句子所要说明、描述的人或事物，
是动作的发出者，通常位于句首。
（2）谓语：说明或描述主语的动作，状态或特征。
（3）表语：表示主语的身份，性质，状态或特征。
（4）宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者。
S（subject）
V（verb）
P(predictive)
O(object)
（5）补足语：用来说明宾语或主语的动作，性质，
状态等的一种句子成分。
（6）定语：对名词或代词进行修饰，限制或说明。
（7）状语：用于修饰动词，形容词，副词，短语
或整个句子。
（8）同位语：若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物，
并且句法功能也一样，那么后一项称为
前一项的同位语。
C(Complement)
Attr.（attribute）
A(adverbial)
appositive
English Sentence Elements
1.名词、代词和称谓语可以作为“主语、宾语、表语、直
接宾语、间接宾语和宾补”使用。
此外，形容词还可以在句子中充当“表语和宾补”。
2. 副词和介词短语都可以用作“状语”。
3. 有实际意义的动词可以作为“谓语”在句子中使用。
助动词不能单独用作句子中的“谓语”。
三大基本句型
1. 主语 + 谓语 Ｓ +Vi
The bus has left.
She cryied.
2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 Ｓ +Ｖt + Ｏ
I love you.
He likes music.
3. 主语 + 系(系动词) 表 Ｓ +Ｐ
She is thin.
The story sounds interesting.
1. be 动词 (am, is, are, was, were)
2. “...起来” (sound, smell, taste, look, feel)
3. “变得” (get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come...)
4. “似乎 好像” (seem, appear ...)
5. “保持” (keep, remain, stay, lie, stand ...)
6. “证明是 结果是”（prove, turn out...）
常见的系动词
其它基本句型4
4. 主语+谓语+状语 Ｓ +Ｖ+ A
Students are learning in the classroom.
The days get longer in summer.
Su Bingtian runs fast.
其它基本句型5
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+状语 Ｓ +Ｖ+ O + A
I love you very much.
Students read books loudly.
其它基本句型6
6.Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
6. 主语+谓语+宾语＋宾语补足语 Ｓ +Ｖ+ O + C
I find my new classmates friendly.
She thinks her boyfriend honest.
The news made me disappointed.
其它基本句型7
7.Ｓ+Ｖ + IO + DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常可改为 S + V + DO + prep. + IO （主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 介词 + 间宾）
7. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语＋直接宾语 Ｓ +Ｖ+ IO + DO
He told me a story. = He told a story to me.
My dad bought me a new bicycle.
= My dad bought a new bicycle for me.
She gives me an apple. = She gives an apple to me.
其它基本句型8
8. There be 句型
e.g. There is a piano in my study.
There are 7 days in a week.
There were fewer than twenty people there.
There was a short silence.
P
DO
O
A
C
(subject)
S
V
(verb)
(object)
(predicative)
(adverbial)
(direct object)
I0
(object complement)
(indirect object)
（同位语）
appositive
（定语）
attribute
主语
状语
宾语补足语
直接宾语
表语
宾语
间接宾语
谓语
Summary
Exercise Read the sentences and analyse the structures.
1. The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city .
2. We must act.
3. The maths homework looks easy.
4. The teacher found the classroom empty.
S
V
O
S
A
V
S
P
S
V
C
5.My mum bought me a new dictionary.
6.Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.
7.There is an English Corner at our school.
8.We had chemistry in the newly built lab.
S
V
O
S
IO
V
There be...
S
V
A
DO
O

展开更多......

收起↑