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Teenage life
--Discovering useful structures
Learning aims
1.To learn about noun, adjective, adverb phrases
2.To use phrases to improve your draft and add more information.
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
指以一个名词为中心词构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。
构成:
{ED083AE6-46FA-4A59-8FB0-9F97EB10719F}限定词＋名词
the girl, two cars
限定词＋数词＋名词
the first week
限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词
a beautiful girl,that handsome boy
限定词＋名词＋介词短语
a beautiful campus of my school
限定词＋描述性名词＋名词
my school life,some apple trees
限定词的分类
功能
{BC89EF96-8CEA-46FF-86C4-4CE0E7609802}句法功能
例句
主语
My teammate was much more advanced than I.
表语
Obviously, it’s a challenging mission for all of us.
宾语
She bought her mother some flowers.
宾语补足语
People considered him the best man for the job.
Attention: 名词短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要与短语中的中心词保持一致。
A number of books are on the desk.
The number of books is not large.
写出下列句中画线的名词短语所作的句子成分,并注意其组成
Exercises:
①In a word, the results are quite interesting.　?　主语　??
②I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course.　?　宾语;宾语　??
③David finally crossed the finish line and many strangers cheered for him.　?　宾语　??
④As for me, English is my favourite subject. ?　表语　
⑤We made him captain of our team. ?　宾语补足语　
⑥He got three gold medals at the Olympic Games. ?　宾语　
主语　??
宾语;宾语　??
宾语　??
表语　
宾语补足语　
宾语　
Exercises:
⑦Therefore, we hope you, a native speaker, would like to give us some advice on how to write good English compositions.　?　同位语　??
⑧I found him a very patient teacher.　?　宾语补足语　??
同位语　??
宾语补足语　
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
以一个形容词为中心词构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于形容词。
构成:
{8799B23B-EC83-4686-B30A-512413B5E67A}副词＋形容词
very suitable
形容词＋enough
good enough
形容词＋介词短语
good for nothing
副词＋形容词＋介词短语
well worthy of praise
功能
{8799B23B-EC83-4686-B30A-512413B5E67A}句法功能
例句
定语
This is a most serious problem.
表语
Your room is large and beautiful.
The weather is fairly warm,so I’d like to have a walk.
宾语补
足语
What he said just now made me a little annoyed.
状语
Much interested, he agreed to have a try.
Exercises:
写出下列句中画线的形容词短语所作的句子成分并分析其结构
①I am really content with the result.
?　表语;副词＋形容词＋介词短语　
②The noise has a very bad effect on our study.
?　定语;副词＋形容词　
③I know the work itself is very challenging.
?　表语;副词＋形容词　
④I think your answer correct and proper.
?　宾语补足语;形容词＋and＋形容
表语;副词＋形容词＋介词短语　
定语;副词＋形容词　
表语;副词＋形容词　
宾语补足语;形容词＋and＋形容词　
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词。
构成
{8799B23B-EC83-4686-B30A-512413B5E67A}副词＋and/but/or＋副词
faster and faster
副词＋副词
pretty well
very/quite/a lot/
a little＋副词
very quickly
副词＋enough
fast enough
功能
{8799B23B-EC83-4686-B30A-512413B5E67A}句法功能
例句
修饰动词
He studies English most slowly of the three.
修饰形容词
The coat is rather too small for her.
修饰副词
He is ill extremely seriously with a bad cancer.
Attention: 副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时,一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。
Exercises:
写出下列句中画线部分的短语类型
①We should not speak so loudly in our school library.
?　副词短语;名词短语　
②You speak English very fluently. ?
　副词短语　
③The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals in the world!　
?　名词短 语　? ?
④Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short
breaks regularly.　?　形容词 短
副词短语;名词短语　
副词短语　
名词短语
形容词短语　
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their function.
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I 'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their function.
1. The first week was a little confusing.
2. The building is so big that I 'm completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
NP 主；AdjP表
NP 主；AdjP表；AdjP表
NP 主；NP宾
AdvP状；NP宾
NP主；AdvP状
NP 主；AdjP表；NP 主；AdvP状
1.How soon do you think you'll finish your homework?(pretty soon)
2.What do you think of your new teachers?(very nice and patient)
3.How many clubs have you joined this year?(two clubs)
4.How well does Rita play the violin?We need a new violinist in our music club.(quite well)
5.What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course?(too difficult but very interesting)
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/ adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First …
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried very hard. Second, we practiced singing a short fight song about the school basketball team. Finally, some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly. I think I did quite well in the try-out, but many of the other girls were even better. I’m not so sure whether I’ll make the cheerleading team this year or not.
Homework
写出下列句中画线部分的短语类型。
1.We were passing by a boat house when we met her. ?　名词短语　
2.Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off. ?　名词短语　
3.She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future.　?　副词短语　??
4.Quite properly, she was punished. ?　副词短语　
5.He is inexperienced, but he is quite clever. ?　形容词短语　
6.The fruit is good to eat. ?　形容词短语　
7.The servant was afraid to wake up his master. ?　形容词短语　
8.I didn’t need to answer the questions, which saved me a lot of trouble.　?　名词短语　??
9.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. ?　名词短语　
10.Quite nervous, the man opened the letters. ?　形容词短语　
写出下列句中画线部分的短语类型。
1.We were passing by a boat house when we met her. ?　名词短语　
2.Two of my brother’s friends came to see him off. ?　名词短语　
3.She will explain quite clearly what she intends to do in the future.　?　副词短语　??
4.Quite properly, she was punished. ?　副词短语　
5.He is inexperienced, but he is quite clever. ?　形容词短语　
6.The fruit is good to eat. ?　形容词短语　
7.The servant was afraid to wake up his master. ?　形容词短语　
名词短语　
名词短语　
副词短语　??
副词短语　
形容词短语　
形容词短语　
形容词短语　
8.I didn’t need to answer the questions, which saved me a lot of trouble.　?　名词短语　??
9.The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. ?　名词短语　
10.Quite nervous, the man opened the letters. ?　形容词短语　
名词短语　??
名词短语　??
形容词短语　
利用括号中的词汇扩展下列句子
1.It was a chance for us to see animals.(great; all kinds of)
2.We should work harder to protect animals.(much; those; rare)
3.I am confident when I have to talk to different people.(quite)
4.When I was staying with a French family, I saw something unusual.(far more)
利用括号中的词汇扩展下列句子
1.It was a chance for us to see animals.(great; all kinds of)
It was a great chance for us to see all kinds of animals.　
2.We should work harder to protect animals.(much; those; rare)
We should work much harder to protect those rare animals.　
3.I am confident when I have to talk to different people.(quite)
I am quite confident when I have to talk to different people.　
4.When I was staying with a French family, I saw something unusual.(far more)
When I was staying with a French family, I saw something far more unusual.　
使用本单元所学短语类型完成下面语段。
1.?　Our school’s Science Club　? (我们学校的科学俱乐部) was established in 2020.It now has 55 members, including me.Our instructor is 2.?　very knowledgeable and responsible　? (知识渊博,并且很负责).We often carry out 3.?　all kinds of experiments　? (各种各样的实验), which are 4.?　interesting and meaningful　? (有趣并有意义).We all want to be a scientist to help our country 5.?　develop much more quickly　? (更快地发展).?
使用本单元所学短语类型完成下面语段。
1.?　Our school’s Science Club　? (我们学校的科学俱乐部) was established in 2020.It now has 55 members, including me.Our instructor is 2.?　very knowledgeable and responsible　? (知识渊博,并且很负责).We often carry out 3.?　all kinds of experiments　? (各种各样的实验), which are 4.?　interesting and meaningful　? (有趣并有意义).We all want to be a scientist to help our country 5.?　develop much more quickly　? (更快地发展).?
Our school’s Science Club　
very knowledgeable
and responsible　
interesting and meaningful　
develop much
more quickly　
all kinds of
experiments　
用名词、形容词或副词短语扩展下面短文
When I was at senior high school, my family moved around a lot.As a result, I had to go to schools1 and meet people2.I believe those experiences3 gave me social?skills4.I find them useful5 in life.I often take part in activities6.And now I run a social club with friends7, which raises money8 for homeless people.Certainly, I use skills9 well10 there.I like communicating with homeless people, giving them hope and love.
答案:1.schools→ ?　many different schools　??
2.people→ ?　many different people　??
3.experiences→ ?　interesting/different experiences　??
4.social skills→ ?　many social skills　??
?
5.useful→ ?　really useful　??
6.activities→ ?　a number of interesting activities　??
7.friends→ ?　some of my friends　??
8.money→ ?　a lot of money　??
9.skills→ ?　my social skills　??
10.well→ ?　pretty/quite well　??
用名词、形容词或副词短语扩展下面短文
When I was at senior high school, my family moved around a lot.As a result, I had to go to schools1 and meet people2.I believe those experiences3 gave me social?skills4.I find them useful5 in life.I often take part in activities6.And now I run a social club with friends7, which raises money8 for homeless people.Certainly, I use skills9 well10 there.I like communicating with homeless people, giving them hope and love.
答案:1.schools→ ?　many different schools　??
2.people→ ?　many different people　??
3.experiences→ ?　interesting/different experiences　??
4.social skills→ ?　many social skills　??
?
many different schools
many different people　??
interesting/different experiences　??
many social skills　??
5.useful→ ?　really useful　??
6.activities→ ?　a number of interesting activities　??
7.friends→ ?　some of my friends　??
8.money→ ?　a lot of money　??
9.skills→ ?　my social skills　??
10.well→ ?　pretty/quite well　??
really useful　??
a number of interesting activities　??
some of my friends　??
a lot of money　??
my social skills　??
pretty/quite well　??
Thank you !

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