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(共14张PPT)
Unit 1 Teenage Life
Discover useful structures
Learning Objectives
1. To learn about the noun/adjective/adverb phrases.
2. To use phrases to improve your draft and add more information.
In English grammar, a phrase is a group of two or more words functioning as a meaningful unit within a sentence or clause.
A phrase is commonly characterized as a grammatical unit at a level between a word and a clause.
A phrase is made up of a head (or headword)—which determines the grammatical nature of the unit—and one or more optional modifiers. Phrases may contain other phrases inside them.
Grammar
What is a phrase
Definition
Types of phrases
Common types of phrases * Noun phrases 名词短语 a good friend
a lovely baby
Verb phrases 动词短语 drive carefully
talk loudly
* Adjective phrases 形容词短语 very cold and dark
afraid of
* Adverb phrases 副词短语 quite slowly
as fast as possible
Prepositional phrases 介词短语 in first place,
in the morning
名词短语 (Noun Phrase)：
指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。
2. 形容词短语 (Adjective Phrase)：
指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。
3. 副词短语 (Adverb Phrase)：
指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
In this unit, we will learn the following three types of phrases
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
名词短语 (Noun Phrase) 1. 冠词+名词 2. 形容词+名词 3. 名词+名词 4. 名词+and+名词 5. 名词+介词短语 6. 名词+不定式（短语） 7. V-ing+ 名词 在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语 a boy
beautiful flowers
bus stop
men and women
a solution to the question
the meeting to be held tomorrow
swimming pool
短语类型 组成 功能 例子
形容词 短语(Adjective Phrase) 1. 形容词+and/but +形容词 2. 副词+形容词 3. 形容词+介词 4. 形容词+不定式 在句中作表语、 定语、 宾补 或状语 large and beautiful
extremely cold
full of,
different from
anxious to know
注意：多个形容词修饰同一名词时顺序： 限定 描绘 大长高， 形状 年龄 和新老 颜色 国籍 和材料， 作用 类别 往后靠 [ eg:a beautiful big round old brown wooden dining table] 短语类型 组成 功能 例子
副词短语 (Adverb Phrase) 1.副词+and/but+ 副词 2.副词+副词 3.very/quite/a lot/a little +副 4.副词+enough 在句中可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词，表示时间地点、方式等。 可用作表语、定语、宾语补足语 again and again
extremely fast
quite well
clearly enough
单句写作
1. 那些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。
Those travelers returned to the hotel, ________________.
2. 他们很高兴地沿着这条路走着。
They walked along the way _________.
3. 史密斯先生决定吃地更健康。
Mr. Smith decided to eat ______________.
4. 期末考试令人难以置信地难。
The final exams were _________________.
5. 这个馅饼很好吃，但是非常贵。
This pie is but ________________.
tired and sleepy
happily
more healthily
incredibly difficult
delicious very expensive
6. 这只可爱的小猫在她的食物盘旁睡着了。
The _____________ fell asleep by her food dish.
7. 到约会结束时，我对他相当厌倦。
By the end of the date, I was __________________.
8. 白天越来越长，天气也越来越暖和。
The days get _________ and the weather gets _________.
9. 这个健康苗条的女孩相当喜欢滑雪。
The ________________ girl is _______________skiing.
10. 两个男孩激动而紧张地跑到操场上。
Two boys ran _____________________ to the playground.
lovely kitty
pretty tired of him
longer warmer
healthy and slim quite fond of
excitedly and nervously
1. The first week was a little confusing.
NP AdjP
2. The building is so big that I’m completely lost.
3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.
4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate.
5. The new coach told me that I didn’t play well enough.
6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast!
NP
AdjP
AdjP
NP
NP
AdvP
NP
NP
AdvP
NP
AdjP
NP
AdvP
Activity 1
主语
表语
主语
表语
表语
主语
宾语
状语
宾语
主语
状语
主语
表语
主语
状语
Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets.
How soon do you think you’ll finish your homework (pretty soon)
What do you think of your new teachers (very nice and patient)
How many clubs have you joined this year (two clubs)
How well does Rita play the violin We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well)
What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course (too difficult but very interesting)
Activity2
My new teachers are very nice and patient.
I will finish my homework pretty soon.
I have joined two clubs this year.
Rita plays the violin quite well.
My adviser said that the advanced literature was too difficult but very interesting.
Joyce has just written a draft. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
Activity 3
Cheerleader Try-outs
I’ve always wanted to be a cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for the team. It was hard. First, we had to dance. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried. Second, we practised singing a song about the school basketball team. Finally, some girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped and cheered. I think I did well, but the other girls were better. I’m not sure if I’ll make the team or not.
Activity 3
I’ve always wanted to be a high school cheerleader. Yesterday, I tried out for my school’s cheerleading team. It was really hard. First, we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes. The teacher showed us how to move, and then we tried very hard. Second, we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team. Finally, some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners. The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly. I think I did quite well in the try-out, but many of the other girls were even better. I’m not so sure whether I’ll make the cheerleading team this year or not.
Suggested answer:

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