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甘肃省白银市靖远县2025届高三上学期第一次全县联考英语试题
一、阅读理解A
（2024·靖远模拟）Professor of Mathematics and AIThe School of Mathematical Sciences at Lancaster University is seeking to appoint a professor to take a prominent, strategic role in the leadership of Mathematics for AI in Real- world Systems (MARS), Lancaster University. MARS, which is funded by a 12m investment from Research England, will conduct research and teaching at the interface (界面) of dynamical mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on using applied mathematics to address real-world challenges.
As part of the senior MARS leadership group, you will be responsible for shaping the formation and direction of this new 10 FTE (全职员工) unit within the School of Mathematical Sciences. You will have an outstanding track record of research in the mathematics of AI and/or applied mathematics of real-world challenges, demonstrable experience of building a positive, inclusive and collaborative research culture, and a vocation for nurturing staff and developing an outward-facing talent pipeline. You will be able to evidence excellence in scientific leadership and the ability to bring this to MARS, the wider School and the University.
A strong track record of securing external research funding and publishing in internationally-leading Mathematical Sciences journals is essential. Ideally, you will have an application focus in at least one of the following MARS key application areas: cyber security, engineering, environment and health.
You will have considerable experience of translating foundational mathematical findings into real-world solutions, through partnerships outside of the academic sector, and will be able to foster new collaborations with researchers from other disciplines and with non-academic organisations. You will be an enthusiastic ambassador for MARS and for the discipline of mathematics.
This is a full-time, indefinite post and flexible working arrangements will be considered.
Informal enquiries should be made to the Head of MARS, Professor Chris Jewell c.jewell@lancaster. ac.uk or the Director of Research, ProfessorRebeccaKillickr.killick@lancaster.ac.uk.
1．What is the primary goal of MARS at Lancaster University
A．To teach AI without using applied mathematics.
B．To fund various scientific research projects.
C．To tackle practical issues through applied mathematics.
D．To research dynamical mathematical modelling.
2．What is one of the application areas for MARS
A．Online safety. B．Legal services.
C．Space technology. D．Education resources.
3．What can be expected from the MARS Professor position
A．A part-time role. B．Flexible work time.
C．Informal interviews. D．A short-term contract.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则招聘广告，兰卡斯特大学数学科学院正在面向社会招聘一名教授，希望他能在兰开斯特大学现实世界系统中人工智能数学（MARS）的领导中发挥重要的战略作用。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一则招聘信息，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"MARS, which is funded by a 12m investment from Research England, will conduct research and teaching at the interface (界面) of dynamical mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on using applied mathematics to address real-world challenges."MARS由英国研究中心投资1200万英镑，将在动态数学建模和人工智能的界面进行研究和教学，重点是使用应用数学来解决现实世界的挑战。可知，兰卡斯特大学的MARS的主要目标就是使用应用数学来解决现实问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Ideally, you will have an application focus in at least one of the following MARS key application areas: cyber security, engineering, environment and health."理想情况下，您将在以下MARS关键应用领域中至少有一个应用重点：网络安全，工程，环境和健康。可知，网络安全是MARS的一个应用领域。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段"This is a full-time, indefinite post and flexible working arrangements will be considered."这是一个全职、无限期岗位，将考虑灵活的工作安排。可知，招聘的这一教授职位可以有灵活的工作时间安排。故选B。
二、B
（2024·靖远模拟）Nearly three decades ago, Brazilian photojournalist Sebastiāo returned from his assignment in East Africa, shocked to find his family's once booming cattle farm had become almost a wasteland. His wife, Lelia, equally heartbroken by the destruction of the once- vibrant (充满生机的) land, proposed an idea that seemed almost as enormous and impossible as the barrenness (荒芜) before them— replant the forest.
In 1998, embracing the challenge with determination and a deep-seated desire to revive a crucial part of their country and family history, Sebastiāo and Lelia established the Instituto Terra, an environmental group dedicated to the sustainability of the Valley of the River Doce. It became a ship through which they would sail on a difficult journey to heal the land and in many ways, themselves.
The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land. Slowly, the barren desert that Sebastiāo returned to began to transform, was blossoming into the lush paradise that had once existed only in his memories.
Now, the region stands as a testament to what can be achieved with dedication and a dream. It is recognized as a Private Natural Heritage Reserve, a sanctuary where nature has been given the space and support to reclaim its rightful place.
The once-barren cattle farm is not only thriving but has also become a shelter for hundreds of species of animals and plants. The land, now vibrant and alive, hosts 293 species of trees, 172 species of birds, 33 species of mammals, and 15 species of reptiles and amphibians, many of which are endangered and have found a safe refuge in this refreshed environment.
Sebastiāo reflects on the transformation, sharing, "All the insects and birds and fish returned, and, thanks to this increase of the trees, I, too, was reborn— this was the most important moment."
4．How was the farm when Sebastia o returned from East Africa
A．Vibrant and alive. B．Messy and noisy.
C．Overgrown and enormous. D．Barren and deserted.
5．How did Sebastiāo and Lelia deal with the challenge facing them
A．Through a ship journey. B．Through team effort.
C．Through government support. D．Through social donation.
6．What do the figures in paragraph 5 indicate
A．The success of the couple's work.
B．The species the couple hope to save.
C．The original state of the cattle farm.
D．The number of wildlife in need of help.
7．What can we learn from Sebastiāo's story
A．Bad luck often brings good luck.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．Where there's a will, there's a way.
D．What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了巴西摄影记者 Sebastiāo 和妻子 Lelia 回到家乡，发现曾经繁荣的牧场几近荒芜，在妻子的提议下，二人于1998年成立环保组织"地球研究所"，带领团队将1754英亩的土地重新绿化。如今，这片曾经荒芜的土地不仅恢复了生机，成为私人自然遗产保护区，还为数百种动植物提供了庇护所， Sebastiāo也在这个过程中获得了自我重生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Nearly three decades ago, Brazilian photojournalist Sebastiāo returned from his assignment in East Africa, shocked to find his family's once booming cattle farm had become almost a wasteland." 大约30年前，巴西摄影记Sebastiāo从东非出差回来，震惊地发现他家曾经兴旺的养牛场几乎变成了一片荒地。可知，Sebastiāo从东非回来时农场已经变成了荒地。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"In 1998, embracing the challenge with determination and a deep-seated desire to revive a crucial part of their country and family history, Sebastiāo and Lelia established the Instituto Terra, an environmental group dedicated to the sustainability of the Valley of the River Doce."1998年，带着坚定的决心和对复兴他们国家和家族历史的重要部分的强烈愿望，Lelia和Sebastiāo成立了Terra研究所，这是一个致力于多西河流域可持续发展的环境组织；以及第三段中的"The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land." 这对夫妇和他们的团队开始了一段重新种植和重建1754英亩土地的旅程。可推知，Sebastiāo和Lelia通过团队努力来应对他们面临的挑战。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段"The once-barren cattle farm is not only thriving but has also become a shelter for hundreds of species of animals and plants. The land, now vibrant and alive, hosts 293 species of trees, 172 species of birds, 33 species of mammals, and 15 species of reptiles and amphibians, many of which are endangered and have found a safe refuge in this refreshed environment." 曾经贫瘠的养牛场不仅蓬勃发展，而且还成为数百种动植物的避难所。这片土地现在生机勃勃，拥有293种树木、172种鸟类、33种哺乳动物和15种爬行动物和两栖动物，其中许多是濒临灭绝的动物，它们在这片清新的环境中找到了安全的避难所。可推知，第五段中的数字说明了这对夫妇工作的成功。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"His wife, Lelia, equally heartbroken by the destruction of the once- vibrant (充满生机的) land, proposed an idea that seemed almost as enormous and impossible as the barrenness (荒芜) before them— replant the forest."他的妻子Lelia同样为这片曾经充满活力的土地的毁灭感到心碎，她提出了一个几乎和他们面前的贫瘠一样巨大和不可能的想法——重新种植森林；以及第三段中的"The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land." 这对夫妇和他们的团队开始了一段重新种植和重建1754英亩土地的旅程。可知，本文讲述了，Sebastiāo在30年前从非洲东部回来，发现之前繁荣的农场变成了荒原，于是他和妻子决定重新种植森林，经历困难最后终于成功的故事。由此可推知，我们能从Sebastiāo的故事中学到"有志者，事竟成"这个道理。故选C项。
三、C
（2024·靖远模拟）Facial expressions are an important part of human communication that allow us to convey our emotions. Scientists have found similar signals of emotion in other mammals such as dogs, pigs and mice. Although birds can produce facial expressions by moving their head feathers and flushing (发红) their skin, it is unclear whether they express emotions in this way.
To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm. They also filmed the birds while being captured and held by a human, and while being rewarded with an appealing food.
The researchers analyzed the position of their facial feathers and the color of the exposed skin on their faces in seven contexts that differed in their emotional valence (效价) and level of excitement. For example, birds preen their feathers when they are relaxed and content, whereas receiving a rewarding food generally causes excitement and happiness, and being captured is an exciting but fearful experience.
The results suggested that the position of the head feathers and the color of the skin varied between contexts. Fluffing (抖松) head feathers were mainly associated with a state of contentment, whereas flushing indicated that the birds were positively excited or fearful.
The study is the first to investigate facial displays of emotion in chickens, and suggests that domestic hens use facial expressions to show their emotions, much like humans and other mammals do. These findings offer a window into the emotional experiences of domestic birds, which could be used to improve the welfare of farmed poultry (家禽), the researchers say.
The skin flushing on the face of the domestic birds is a window into their emotions. The intensity of the flushing varies within a few seconds depending on the emotional situations they experience, the researchers add.
8．What were the researchers trying to understand about chickens
A．Why they move their head feathers.
B．How their faces show their emotions.
C．How they communicate with humans.
D．What they need to eat to stay healthy.
9．Why did the researchers film the chickens in various situations
A．To record their daily activities.
B．To check the impact of weather.
C．To compare them with mammals.
D．To observe their emotional responses.
10．In which case will a hen fluff its head feathers
A．When it's satisfied. B．When it's fearful.
C．When it's tired. D．When it's excited.
11．What field might the research be applied to
A．Psychology. B．Biology. C．Agriculture. D．Communication.
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 讲述了科学家通过研究法国农场18只母鸡在不同情境下的面部羽毛位置和皮肤颜色变化，发现家鸡会像人类和其他哺乳动物一样通过面部表情表达情绪，例如抖松头部羽毛代表满足，皮肤发红则表示积极兴奋或恐惧。该研究首次证实家鸡具有情绪性面部表情，这为改善家禽福利提供了新视角。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Although birds can produce facial expressions by moving their head feathers and flushing (发红) their skin, it is unclear whether they express emotions in this way."虽然鸟类可以通过移动头部羽毛和冲洗皮肤来产生面部表情，但它们是否以这种方式表达情感尚不清楚；以及第二段中的"To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm."为了进行调查，法国INRAE和CNRS的研究人员在法国一个农场拍摄了18只来自两个品种的雌性家鸡的日常行为。可推知，研究人员试图了解鸡的面部表情是如何表达它们的情绪的。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段"To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm. They also filmed the birds while being captured and held by a human, and while being rewarded with an appealing food."为了进行调查，法国INRAE和CNRS的研究人员在法国一个农场拍摄了18只来自两个品种的雌性家鸡的日常行为。他们还拍摄了这些鸟被人类捕获和关押的过程，以及它们得到诱人食物的过程；以及第三段中的"The researchers analyzed the position of their facial feathers and the color of the exposed skin on their faces in seven contexts that differed in their emotional valence (效价) and level of excitement."研究人员分析了它们面部羽毛的位置和脸上裸露皮肤的颜色，在七种不同的情况下，它们的情绪效价和兴奋程度不同。可知，拍摄在各种环境下的家鸡的目的是观察它们的情绪反应。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Fluffing (抖松) head feathers were mainly associated with a state of contentment, whereas flushing indicated that the birds were positively excited or fearful."蓬松的头部羽毛主要与满足的状态有关，而脸红则表明鸟类非常兴奋或害怕。可知，家鸡感到满足的时候会抖动头部羽毛。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"These findings offer a window into the emotional experiences of domestic birds, which could be used to improve the welfare of farmed poultry (家禽), the researchers say."研究人员说，这些发现为家禽的情感体验提供了一个窗口，可以用来改善养殖家禽的福利。可推知，该研究可以用来提高家禽的福利，属于农业领域。故选C。
四、D
（2024·靖远模拟）Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with disruptions to several brain and psychological processes, including impaired learning and memory. Physical activity, especially aerobic (有氧的) exercise, has been found to reduce depressive symptoms, but until now the processes behind this have been poorly understood.
In a new review article published in Translational Psychiatry, researchers propose a novel assumption to understand the antidepressant effects of exercise. They believe that the process may hinge on motivation, which is very important for relieving a number of symptoms of depression, such as anhedonia (a lack of interest or joy in life's experiences), low energy and "brain fog".
The team summarised research papers exploring the mechanisms (机制) of depression in both humans and animals and concluded that depression, especially anhedonia, is associated with increased inflammation (炎症) caused by the body's immune response. Importantly, inflammation is also linked to disrupting dopamine transmission. These biological changes may represent key processes leading to changes in motivation, and in particular a lower willingness to make physical or mental effort.
Meanwhile, exercise reduces inflammation, boosts dopamine function, and enhances motivation. The researchers believe that this could be an important reason as to why exercise has an antidepressant effect. The team hope that this understanding of how exercise reduces symptoms of depression will help to inform the development of new treatment strategies— such as personalised exercise programmes.
Dr Emily Hird (UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience) said, "Understanding the mechanisms behind the antidepressant effects of physical activity in depression could also inform our understanding of the mechanisms causing depression and the development of novel intervention strategies, in particular, personalised intervention, and social prescribing."
"It would be important to investigate any potential barrier to exercise," Dr Hird added. "Addressing barriers to exercise— particularly in people with depression— is crucial, as regular physical activity may be able to relieve symptoms, enhance mood and empower individuals on their path to recovery. As part of this, finding strategies to encourage exercise is key."
12．What is the impact of depression worldwide
A．It is the most widespread illness.
B．It is the leading cause of death.
C．It leads to high rate of disability.
D．It becomes the focus of health.
13．Which can best replace the underlined part "hinge on" in paragraph 2
A．work on B．depend on C．put on D．get on
14．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The reasons behind depression.
B．The consequences of inflammation.
C．The way the body's immune system response.
D．The main point of the research team.
15．What does Dr Hird stress in the last paragraph
A．Barriers to taking aerobic exercise.
B．The importance of aerobic exercise.
C．Paths to recovery from depression.
D．Proper methods of encouraging exercise.
【答案】12．C
13．B
14．A
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明抑郁症与大脑炎症和多巴胺传递受阻有关，这些变化可能导致动力下降，而有氧运动可通过减少炎症、促进多巴胺功能及增强动力来缓解抑郁症状。研究者认为这一发现有助于开发个性化运动疗法等新型干预策略，同时强调需解决抑郁症患者参与运动的障碍以提升治疗效果。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with disruptions to several brain and psychological processes, including impaired learning and memory." 抑郁症是世界范围内导致残疾的主要原因，与一些大脑和心理过程的中断有关，包括学习和记忆受损。可知，抑郁症在世界范围内的影响是它导致高残疾率。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"They believe that the process may hinge on motivation, which is very important for relieving a number of symptoms of depression, such as anhedonia (a lack of interest or joy in life's experiences), low energy and ‘brain fog'. "他们认为，这个过程可能取决于动机，这对于缓解一些抑郁症的症状非常重要，比如快感缺乏（对生活经历缺乏兴趣或乐趣）、精力不足和"脑雾"。可知，此处为这个过程可能取决于动机。可推知线短语hinge on为"取决于"，故选B。
14．段落大意题。根据第三段"The team summarised research papers exploring the mechanisms (机制) of depression in both humans and animals and concluded that depression, especially anhedonia, is associated with increased inflammation (炎症) caused by the body's immune response. Importantly, inflammation is also linked to disrupting dopamine transmission. These biological changes may represent key processes leading to changes in motivation, and in particular a lower willingness to make physical or mental effort."该团队总结了探索人类和动物抑郁症机制的研究论文，并得出结论：抑郁症，尤其是快感缺乏，与身体免疫反应引起的炎症增加有关。重要的是，炎症也与破坏多巴胺的传递有关。这些生理上的变化可能代表了导致动机变化的关键过程，特别是降低了付出体力或精神努力的意愿。可知，第三段主要讲的是抑郁症背后的原因。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Addressing barriers to exercise— particularly in people with depression— is crucial, as regular physical activity may be able to relieve symptoms, enhance mood and empower individuals on their path to recovery. As part of this, finding strategies to encourage exercise is key."解决运动障碍——尤其是抑郁症患者——是至关重要的，因为定期的体育活动可能能够缓解症状，改善情绪，并使个人走上康复之路。因此，找到鼓励锻炼的策略是关键。可推知，Hird博士在最后一段强调了找到鼓励锻炼的策略。故选D。
五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16．（2024·靖远模拟）Do you have those days when you say to yourself "I don't need school" or when you just can't find the motivation to pay attention in school or get your homework done 　 　 Here are some tips to keep yourself motivated in school so that you can succeed and achieve your goals.
Set concrete academic goals. 　 　 If you just want to "do better" in school, does that mean an A Or a B Are you just trying to pass Sit down and set specific benchmarks for yourself. You might say you want to maintain at least a 3.0 GPA, or that you want to get at least an A — in history this year.
Study efficiently. Avoid cramming and focus on creating your own understanding. It's easy to just sit in front of your book and read passively without really absorbing the information. 　 　 If you find it most efficient to focus on one subject at a time, do that. If bouncing between a few similar subjects helps you stay on task, that's fine, too.
　 　 This will help you commit the material to memory. It's better to spend 10-15 minutes studying every night than to try and stuff everything into one study session the night before the big test. Research has shown that stuffing is one of the least efficient ways to prepare for a test, so avoid it at all costs.
Take care of your body. Get plenty of sleep, eat a healthy diet, and exercise regularly. You cannot stay motivated if you're so physically under the weather that your body can't focus. Get 8 hours of sleep — especially on school nights. 　 　
A. Stay focused with mindfulness tricks.
B. Study in a way that makes the most sense to you.
C. It's easier to stay motivated if you have specific goals.
D. Review everything you learned at the end of each study session.
E. It's a lot easier to stay motivated if you know you're going to relax eventually.
F. Eat a diverse, healthy diet and get plenty of physical activity to ensure you' re in tip-top shape.
G. You're not alone, but doing well in school will set you up to have the life you want down the road.
【答案】G；C；B；D；F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，针对学生在学习中缺乏动力的问题，提供了保持学习动力的实用建议，包括设定具体目标、高效学习、定期复习所学内容以及照顾好身体等，以帮助学生取得成功并实现目标。
（1）根据空前"Do you have those days when you say to yourself ‘I don't need school'or when you just can't find the motivation to pay attention in school or get your homework done "你是否有过这样的日子：你对自己说"我不需要上学"，或者你就是找不到在学校集中注意力或完成作业的动力？说明在学校缺乏学习动力的问题，G. You're not alone, but doing well in school will set you up to have the life you want down the road."你并不孤单，但在学校表现良好会让你过上你想要的生活。"承接上文，说明有办法解决问题，并引出下文"Here are some tips to keep yourself motivated in school so that you can succeed and achieve your goals."这里有一些建议，让你在学校保持动力，这样你就能成功并实现你的目标。介绍文章主题。故选G项。
（2）根据空前"Set concrete academic goals."制定具体的学术目标。建议制定学术目标， C. It's easier to stay motivated if you have specific goals. "如果你有明确的目标，就更容易保持动力。"承接上文，说明有了目标就容易保持活力，符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据空前"It's easy to just sit in front of your book and read passively without really absorbing the information. "人们很容易只是坐在书前被动地阅读，而没有真正吸收信息。说明有时人们只是被动学习，这样没有意义， B. Study in a way that makes the most sense to you. "用对你最有意义的方式学习。"转折上文，建议用有意义的方式学习，引出下文"If you find it most efficient to focus on one subject at a time, do that. "如果你发现一次专注于一个主题是最有效的，那就去做吧。鼓励用有效的方式。故选B。
（4）根据空后"This will help you commit the material to memory."这将帮助你记住材料。说明前面是有助于记忆的方法， D. Review everything you learned at the end of each study session. "在每次学习结束时回顾你学过的所有东西。"建议一种有助于记忆学过的东西的方法，符合语境，故选D。
（5）根据空前"Take care of your body. Get plenty of sleep, eat a healthy diet, and exercise regularly. "照顾好你的身体。充足的睡眠，健康的饮食，有规律的锻炼。建议照顾好自己的身体，F. Eat a diverse, healthy diet and get plenty of physical activity to ensure you' re in tip-top shape."吃多样化、健康的饮食，并进行大量的体育锻炼，以确保你处于最佳状态。"说明吃好，睡好，锻炼好能够确保处于最佳状态，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·靖远模拟）Sawyer McCarthy communicates best through music. The 13-year-old from South Carolina is 17． . But his other senses - like his 18． - are strong. In April, he sang the national anthem at a Columbia Fireflies game, 19． millions of viewers around the world. With no singing lessons until very recently, Sawyer has 20． this far with nothing but his natural talent.
Sawyer was born blind but his mother, Brianna, didn't 21． until he was 3 months old. She was taking Sawyer for a stroll (散步) outside and noticed that they were in direct 22． , but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看). Doctors later 23． Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良), a genetic 24． affecting one in 10,000 children.
Brianna and her husband Patrick hope their son will be able to live as 25． as possible. Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane. But there are also some developmental 26． .
Soon they realized that the 27． Sawyer communicates best is through music. "He always has a trick for 28． noises that even we don't notice," the mother said.
Even at such a young age, Sawyer has big 29． . He hopes to perform on America' s Got Talent - despite being nervous. But no matter what happens, one thing is 30． : Singing is in his past, present and future. When asked about how he thought it makes people feel when they hear him sing, Sawyer 31． "Joyful".
17．A．weak B．blind C．lovely D．smart
18．A．mind B．head C．hand D．voice
19．A．reaching B．witnessing C．confirming D．meeting
20．A．pulled B．wandered C．managed D．kept
21．A．mind B．wake C．care D．know
22．A．sunlight B．position C．impression D．purpose
23．A．impressed B．diagnosed C．entertained D．surprised
24．A．pattern B．signal C．condition D．mark
25．A．independently B．continuously C．proudly D．separately
26．A．currents B．procedures C．strategies D．delays
27．A．view B．treat C．wish D．way
28．A．tolerating B．hearing C．touching D．making
29．A．issues B．lectures C．ambitions D．programs
30．A．at random B．for certain C．in need D．on end
31．A．responded B．commented C．believed D．explained
【答案】17．B；18．D；19．A；20．C；21．D；22．A；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．B；31．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了天生失明的13岁男孩Sawyer McCarthy凭借天赋和热爱在音乐中展现自我，音乐成为他沟通世界的方式，展现了他积极乐观的生活态度。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．句意：这位来自南卡罗来纳的13岁少年双目失明。A：weak"虚弱的"；B：blind"失明的"；C：lovely"可爱的"；D：smart"聪明的"。根据下文"Sawyer was born blind"Sawyer天生失明。可知，他是失明的，故选B。
18．句意：但他的其他感官——比如他的声音——很强大。A：mind"思想"；B：head"头"；C：hand"手"；D：voice "嗓音"。根据上文"Sawyer McCarthy communicates best through music"Sawyer McCarthy最擅长通过音乐进行交流。可知，用音乐来交流说明嗓音非常强大，故选D。
19．句意：今年4月，他在哥伦比亚萤火虫队（Columbia Fireflies）的一场比赛中演唱了国歌，吸引了全球数百万观众。A：reaching"引起……的注意"；B：witnessing"见证"；C：confirming"确认"；D：meeting"遇见"。根据上文"But his other senses - like his 2 - are strong."但他的其他感官——比如他的声音——很强大。可知，他的嗓音很强大，所以参加演唱比赛，应该是吸引了全球数百万观众，故选A。
20．句意：Sawyer直到最近才上过歌唱课，他靠自己的天赋做到了这一点。A：pulled"拉"；B：wandered"徘徊"；C：managed"设法做到"；D：kept"保持"。根据空前"With no singing lessons until very recently"可知，他以前没有上过歌唱课，是凭借天赋成功做到现在这个地步的，故选C。
21．句意：Sawyer天生失明，但他的母亲布里安娜直到他3个月大时才知道。A：mind"介意"；B：wake"弄醒"；C：care"关心"；D：know"知道"。根据下文"She was taking Sawyer for a stroll (散步) outside and noticed that they were in direct 6 , but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看)."她带着Sawyer在外面散步，注意到他们在阳光直射下，但他没有眯着眼睛。可知，Sawyer的母亲是后来才注意到他的眼睛有问题，所以这里是直到他3个月大时才知道，故选D。
22．句意：她带着Sawyer在外面散步，注意到他们在阳光直射下，但他没有眯着眼睛。A：sunlight"阳光"；B：position"位置"；C：impression"印象"；D：purpose"目的"。根据空后"but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看)"和常识可知，是在阳光直射下没有眯着眼看，故选A。
23．句意：医生后来诊断Sawyer患有视神经发育不良，这种遗传病在儿童中发病率为万分之一。A：impressed"使印象深刻"；B：diagnosed"诊断"；C：entertained"娱乐"；D：surprised"使惊讶"。根据空后"Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良)"可知，这是医生诊断的结果。故选B。
24．句意：医生后来诊断Sawyer患有视神经发育不良，这种遗传病在儿童中发病率为万分之一。A：pattern"模型"；B：signal"信号"；C：condition"疾病"；D：mark"记号"。根据空前"Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良)"可知，这应该是一种疾病，故选C。
25．句意：布里安娜和她的丈夫帕特里克希望他们的儿子能够尽可能地独立生活。A：independently"独立地"；B：continuously"连续不断地"；C：proudly"骄傲地"；D：separately"分别地"。根据下文"Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane."可知，Sawyer的父母想让自己儿子尽可能独立的生活，所以让他学盲文，使用拐杖，故选A。
26．句意：但也有一些发育迟缓。A：currents"趋向"；B：procedures"程序"；C：strategies"策略"；D：delays" 延迟 "。根据上文"Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane."索耶能阅读盲文，并使用手杖；以及空前But可知，是转折关系，所以Sawyer尽管学盲文，使用拐杖，但是还是发育迟缓，故选D。
27．句意：很快，他们意识到Sawyer最好的沟通方式是通过音乐。A：view"观点"；B：treat"款待"；C：wish"愿望"；D：way"方法，方式"。根据空后"Sawyer communicates best is through music"可知，是沟通方式是音乐，故选D。
28．句意：他总是有一种本领，能听到连我们都没注意到的声音，"母亲说。A：tolerating"忍受"；B：hearing"听到"；C：touching"触碰"；D：making" 使，让 "。根据空后"noises that even we don't notice"可知，是听到声音，故选B。
29．句意：即使在这么小的年纪Sawyer也有很大的抱负。A：issues"问题"；B：lectures"讲座"；C：ambitions"抱负"；D：programs"程序"。根据下文"He hopes to perform on America' s Got Talent - despite being nervous."尽管很紧张，他还是希望能在《美国达人秀》上表演。可知他小小年纪就去参加美国达人秀说明有很大的抱负，故选C。
30．句意：但无论发生什么，有一件事是肯定的：唱歌是他的过去、现在和未来。A：at random"任意地"；B：for certain"无疑地"；C：in need"在危难中"；D：on end"连续地"。根据下文"Singing is in his past, present and future. When asked about how he thought it makes people feel when they hear him sing, Sawyer 15 ‘Joyful'."可知，他会一直唱下去，也就是唱歌是他的过去、现在和未来，这件事是肯定的，故选B。
31．句意：当被问及人们听他唱歌时的感受时，Sawyer回答说："快乐"。A：responded"回答"；B：commented"评论"；C：believed"相信"；D：explained"解释"。根据空后"Joyful"可知，是Sawyer被问及人们听他唱歌时的感受时的回答，故选A。
七、第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·靖远模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A large tomb dating back approximately 5,000 years was discovered at the Wangzhuang ruins in the city of Yongcheng, Central China's Henan Province, providing　32． 　 new sample for studying the critical period of the origins of Chinese civilization, Dawenkou culture period (4300 BC-2500 BC), a culture of the late Neolithic Age.
It is reported that 45 Dawenkou culture tombs were newly discovered at the Wangzhuang site, 27 of　33． 　 have already been excavated. Some of these tombs appear　34． 　(belong) to high-ranking officials, presenting a number of valuable artifacts and pig jawbones representing wealth and making it one of the　35． 　 (large) and most artifact-rich tombs found from the Dawenkou culture.
It is interesting to note that the tomb was　36． 　(intentional) damaged by ancient enemy forces. Only a small number of human bones were found in the tomb, with no complete human skeleton　37． 　 (discover). This discovery provides new evidence for the development trace in ancient kingdoms across various regions during the　38． 　 (form) of Chinese civilization around 5,000 years ago.
So far, the Wangzhuang site has yielded over 1,000 artifacts. Based　39． 　 the shapes of the findings, the cultural characteristics of the site are complex, with the main　40． 　(remain) belonging to the Dawenkou culture.
Currently, the excavation of the site is still underway. The cultural relics unearthed from the tomb have now been cleaned up, and the next step　41． 　 (be) to extract (提取) them for more detailed research.
【答案】32．a；33．which；34．to belong；35．largest；36．intentionally；37．discovered；38．formation；39．on；40．remains；41．is
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，中国河南永城王庄遗址新发现一座约5000年前的大墓，属于大汶口文化时期，为研究中华文明起源提供了新样本。该墓葬出土文物丰富，虽遭破坏但仍具重要价值，展现了当时复杂的社会结构和文化特征。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，名词，介词，主谓一致，以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
32．句意：在中国中部河南省永城市王庄遗址发现了一座距今约5000年的大墓，为研究中国文明起源的关键时期——大汶口文化时期（公元前4300年-公元前2500年）——新石器时代晚期的文化提供了一个新的样本。根据句意以及空后new sample为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指"一个新的样本"，结合new为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a。故填a。
33．句意：据报道，王庄遗址新发现45座大汶口文化墓葬，其中27座已经发掘。分析句子可知，此处为介词of后接关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词45 Dawenkou culture tombs在从句中作介词of的宾语成分。故填which。
34．句意：其中一些坟墓似乎属于高级官员，展示了许多珍贵的文物和代表财富的猪颚骨，使其成为大汶口文化中发现的最大和文物最丰富的坟墓之一。appear to do"好像做……，似乎做……"为固定搭配，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to belong。
35．句意：其中一些坟墓似乎属于高级官员，展示了许多珍贵的文物和代表财富的猪颚骨，使其成为大汶口文化中发现的最大和文物最丰富的坟墓之一。根据句意以及空前one of the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式，构成one of the+形容词最高级，表示"最……的其中之一"。故填largest。
36．句意：有趣的是，古墓是被古代敌军故意破坏的。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词intentionally作状语修饰动词was damaged。故填intentionally。
37．句意：墓中只发现了少量的人骨，没有发现完整的人骨。此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，discover和宾语no complete human skeleton为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填discovered。
38．句意：这一发现为5000年前中国文明形成过程中各个地区古代王国的发展轨迹提供了新的证据。由空前the定冠词可知，此处为名词形式，和of后的Chinese civilization形成所属关系。故填formation。
39．句意：从遗址形态看，遗址文化特征复杂，主要遗迹属于大汶口文化。be based on/ upon"基于……，以……为基础"为固定搭配。故填on/ upon。
40．句意：从遗址形态看，遗址文化特征复杂，主要遗迹属于大汶口文化。所给词在这里作名词，意思是"遗迹"，可数名词，主要遗迹不止一处，故用复数形式。故填remains。
41．句意：从古墓中出土的文物现在已经被清理干净，下一步是将它们提取出来进行更详细的研究。主语是the next step，单数形式，be动词用第三人称单数，be to do结构表将来。故填is。
八、写作 第一节 (满分15分)
42．（2024·靖远模拟）假定你是李华，上周你参加了校英语演讲比赛。在外教Walsh的指导之下，你获得了第一名。请你给他写一封电子邮件，对他表示感谢，内容包括：
1.介绍比赛情况；
2.表达感谢。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Walsh,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Walsh,
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude. It was due to your invaluable guidance that I succeeded during the school English speech competition last week. It was an unbelievable experience, and I am thrilled to share that I secured the first place.
Your insightful advice on pronunciation and body language truly made a difference. The competition was fierce, with many talented participants showcasing their skills. However, your encouragement and the techniques you taught me gave me the confidence to stand out.
I am deeply grateful for your time and support.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份， 写一封电子邮件，表示感谢。写作背景： 上周你参加了校英语演讲比赛。在外教Walsh的指导之下，你获得了第一名。 写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.介绍比赛情况；2.表达感谢。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It was due to your invaluable guidance that I succeeded during the school English speech competition last week.运用了强调句； It was an unbelievable experience, and I am thrilled to share that I secured the first place.运用了并列句，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句； The competition was fierce, with many talented participants showcasing their skills. 运用了with的复合结构；However, your encouragement and the techniques you taught me gave me the confidence to stand out.运用了限制性定语从句。
九、第二节 (满分25分)
43．（2024·靖远模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maycie Fuselier was a warm-hearted young woman with a genuine care for others. Three years ago, during a charity event, she signed up to be a bone marrow(骨髓) donor, hoping to make a difference in someone's life. As time passed, the memory of that selfless act faded into the background of her busy life as a high school English teacher.
In September 2022, Adam and Candace Cromer learned that their daughter, Sophie, then only 6 years old, had been diagnosed with aplastic anemia, a rare and serious bone marrow disease.
"It was severe," Candace said. "We did our own research and found the only cure option was to have a bone marrow transplant."
It was an ordinary afternoon when Maycie's phone rang and she answered, expecting a routine call, but the voice on the other end brought unexpected news.
"Hello, Maycie This is calling from the National Bone Marrow Registry. We have a potential match for your donor profile. A young girl named Sophie, who is suffering from a rare and severe bone marrow disease called aplastic anemia, needs your help. Are you still willing to donate "
The news that she was a match for Sophie left her both surprised and nervous. Unsure of what to do, she sought guidance from her father.
"He said that I should think about it and I did," she shared.
After taking his advice, she made the life-changing decision. "I'm so glad I said yes," Maycie added, reflecting on the experience.
The process was swift and efficient. Maycie underwent a series of tests to confirm her compatibility, and soon, it was confirmed that she was indeed a match for Sophie. The thought of being able to save a child's life filled her with a profound sense of purpose and joy.
In January 2023, Sophie's life was saved by a bone marrow transplant from Maycie. The Children's of Alabama organized a special meeting for them in September 2024.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the day of the reunion, Maycie walked into a room filled with balloons and smiles.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing Sophie healthy and lively, Maycie was glad she had made that decision.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On the day of the reunion, Maycie walked into a room filled with balloons and smiles. There, she saw Sophie, now a healthy and vibrant 8-year-old, running and laughing like any other child. The transformation was astonishing, and Maycie's heart swelled with emotion. Sophie ran towards Maycie, hugging her tightly. "You' re my hero," she whispered, tears of joy in her eyes. Maycie held her, overwhelmed by the love and gratitude that surrounded her. The two embraced, a moment of pure joy and gratitude that brought tears to the eyes of everyone present.
Seeing Sophie healthy and lively, Maycie was glad she had made that decision. It was a reminder that kindness could have profound and lasting impacts. During their reunion, Maycie reflected on the emotional experience and encouraged others to consider becoming donors, emphasizing the chance to "give the gift of life". "Don't even think twice," she said. "Do it. For sure." Maycie returned to her classroom with a renewed sense of purpose, sharing her story with her students. She wanted them to understand the power of compassion and the incredible gift of life that they could all be a part of.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文讲述了年轻的高中英语老师Maycie Fuselier是一个热心的人，三年前，在一次慈善活动中，她报名成为了一名骨髓捐赠者，希望能改变一个人的生活，最终Maycie Fuselier成功为小姑娘苏菲捐赠了骨髓。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"在团聚的那天，Maycie走进了一个满是气球和微笑的房间。"可知，第一段可描写Maycie走进房间后所见到的场景及感受以及苏菲对于她的感激和Maycie的反应。②由第二段首句内容"看到苏菲健康而活泼，Maycie很高兴自己做出了这个决定。"可知，第二段可描写见到健康活泼的苏菲以后Maycie庆幸自己作出了正确的决定以及回到学校后给学生讲述经过并表达希望同学们都对别人伸出援助之手的美好愿望。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点评】这段续写以温馨感人的笔触，生动描绘了骨髓捐献者与受助者重逢的动人场景，并深化了善行传递生命力量的主题。通过细腻的情感刻画与精巧的结构设计，让读者在温暖中感受到善行的力量，既符合原文的慈善基调，又拓展了生命教育的深层内涵，堪称佳作。文中有一些好的词句。例如："You' re my hero," she whispered, tears of joy in her eyes.运用了独立主格结构；During their reunion, Maycie reflected on the emotional experience and encouraged others to consider becoming donors, emphasizing the chance to "give the gift of life".运用了现在分词短语作状语。
1 / 1甘肃省白银市靖远县2025届高三上学期第一次全县联考英语试题
一、阅读理解A
（2024·靖远模拟）Professor of Mathematics and AIThe School of Mathematical Sciences at Lancaster University is seeking to appoint a professor to take a prominent, strategic role in the leadership of Mathematics for AI in Real- world Systems (MARS), Lancaster University. MARS, which is funded by a 12m investment from Research England, will conduct research and teaching at the interface (界面) of dynamical mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on using applied mathematics to address real-world challenges.
As part of the senior MARS leadership group, you will be responsible for shaping the formation and direction of this new 10 FTE (全职员工) unit within the School of Mathematical Sciences. You will have an outstanding track record of research in the mathematics of AI and/or applied mathematics of real-world challenges, demonstrable experience of building a positive, inclusive and collaborative research culture, and a vocation for nurturing staff and developing an outward-facing talent pipeline. You will be able to evidence excellence in scientific leadership and the ability to bring this to MARS, the wider School and the University.
A strong track record of securing external research funding and publishing in internationally-leading Mathematical Sciences journals is essential. Ideally, you will have an application focus in at least one of the following MARS key application areas: cyber security, engineering, environment and health.
You will have considerable experience of translating foundational mathematical findings into real-world solutions, through partnerships outside of the academic sector, and will be able to foster new collaborations with researchers from other disciplines and with non-academic organisations. You will be an enthusiastic ambassador for MARS and for the discipline of mathematics.
This is a full-time, indefinite post and flexible working arrangements will be considered.
Informal enquiries should be made to the Head of MARS, Professor Chris Jewell c.jewell@lancaster. ac.uk or the Director of Research, ProfessorRebeccaKillickr.killick@lancaster.ac.uk.
1．What is the primary goal of MARS at Lancaster University
A．To teach AI without using applied mathematics.
B．To fund various scientific research projects.
C．To tackle practical issues through applied mathematics.
D．To research dynamical mathematical modelling.
2．What is one of the application areas for MARS
A．Online safety. B．Legal services.
C．Space technology. D．Education resources.
3．What can be expected from the MARS Professor position
A．A part-time role. B．Flexible work time.
C．Informal interviews. D．A short-term contract.
二、B
（2024·靖远模拟）Nearly three decades ago, Brazilian photojournalist Sebastiāo returned from his assignment in East Africa, shocked to find his family's once booming cattle farm had become almost a wasteland. His wife, Lelia, equally heartbroken by the destruction of the once- vibrant (充满生机的) land, proposed an idea that seemed almost as enormous and impossible as the barrenness (荒芜) before them— replant the forest.
In 1998, embracing the challenge with determination and a deep-seated desire to revive a crucial part of their country and family history, Sebastiāo and Lelia established the Instituto Terra, an environmental group dedicated to the sustainability of the Valley of the River Doce. It became a ship through which they would sail on a difficult journey to heal the land and in many ways, themselves.
The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land. Slowly, the barren desert that Sebastiāo returned to began to transform, was blossoming into the lush paradise that had once existed only in his memories.
Now, the region stands as a testament to what can be achieved with dedication and a dream. It is recognized as a Private Natural Heritage Reserve, a sanctuary where nature has been given the space and support to reclaim its rightful place.
The once-barren cattle farm is not only thriving but has also become a shelter for hundreds of species of animals and plants. The land, now vibrant and alive, hosts 293 species of trees, 172 species of birds, 33 species of mammals, and 15 species of reptiles and amphibians, many of which are endangered and have found a safe refuge in this refreshed environment.
Sebastiāo reflects on the transformation, sharing, "All the insects and birds and fish returned, and, thanks to this increase of the trees, I, too, was reborn— this was the most important moment."
4．How was the farm when Sebastia o returned from East Africa
A．Vibrant and alive. B．Messy and noisy.
C．Overgrown and enormous. D．Barren and deserted.
5．How did Sebastiāo and Lelia deal with the challenge facing them
A．Through a ship journey. B．Through team effort.
C．Through government support. D．Through social donation.
6．What do the figures in paragraph 5 indicate
A．The success of the couple's work.
B．The species the couple hope to save.
C．The original state of the cattle farm.
D．The number of wildlife in need of help.
7．What can we learn from Sebastiāo's story
A．Bad luck often brings good luck.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．Where there's a will, there's a way.
D．What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
三、C
（2024·靖远模拟）Facial expressions are an important part of human communication that allow us to convey our emotions. Scientists have found similar signals of emotion in other mammals such as dogs, pigs and mice. Although birds can produce facial expressions by moving their head feathers and flushing (发红) their skin, it is unclear whether they express emotions in this way.
To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm. They also filmed the birds while being captured and held by a human, and while being rewarded with an appealing food.
The researchers analyzed the position of their facial feathers and the color of the exposed skin on their faces in seven contexts that differed in their emotional valence (效价) and level of excitement. For example, birds preen their feathers when they are relaxed and content, whereas receiving a rewarding food generally causes excitement and happiness, and being captured is an exciting but fearful experience.
The results suggested that the position of the head feathers and the color of the skin varied between contexts. Fluffing (抖松) head feathers were mainly associated with a state of contentment, whereas flushing indicated that the birds were positively excited or fearful.
The study is the first to investigate facial displays of emotion in chickens, and suggests that domestic hens use facial expressions to show their emotions, much like humans and other mammals do. These findings offer a window into the emotional experiences of domestic birds, which could be used to improve the welfare of farmed poultry (家禽), the researchers say.
The skin flushing on the face of the domestic birds is a window into their emotions. The intensity of the flushing varies within a few seconds depending on the emotional situations they experience, the researchers add.
8．What were the researchers trying to understand about chickens
A．Why they move their head feathers.
B．How their faces show their emotions.
C．How they communicate with humans.
D．What they need to eat to stay healthy.
9．Why did the researchers film the chickens in various situations
A．To record their daily activities.
B．To check the impact of weather.
C．To compare them with mammals.
D．To observe their emotional responses.
10．In which case will a hen fluff its head feathers
A．When it's satisfied. B．When it's fearful.
C．When it's tired. D．When it's excited.
11．What field might the research be applied to
A．Psychology. B．Biology. C．Agriculture. D．Communication.
四、D
（2024·靖远模拟）Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with disruptions to several brain and psychological processes, including impaired learning and memory. Physical activity, especially aerobic (有氧的) exercise, has been found to reduce depressive symptoms, but until now the processes behind this have been poorly understood.
In a new review article published in Translational Psychiatry, researchers propose a novel assumption to understand the antidepressant effects of exercise. They believe that the process may hinge on motivation, which is very important for relieving a number of symptoms of depression, such as anhedonia (a lack of interest or joy in life's experiences), low energy and "brain fog".
The team summarised research papers exploring the mechanisms (机制) of depression in both humans and animals and concluded that depression, especially anhedonia, is associated with increased inflammation (炎症) caused by the body's immune response. Importantly, inflammation is also linked to disrupting dopamine transmission. These biological changes may represent key processes leading to changes in motivation, and in particular a lower willingness to make physical or mental effort.
Meanwhile, exercise reduces inflammation, boosts dopamine function, and enhances motivation. The researchers believe that this could be an important reason as to why exercise has an antidepressant effect. The team hope that this understanding of how exercise reduces symptoms of depression will help to inform the development of new treatment strategies— such as personalised exercise programmes.
Dr Emily Hird (UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience) said, "Understanding the mechanisms behind the antidepressant effects of physical activity in depression could also inform our understanding of the mechanisms causing depression and the development of novel intervention strategies, in particular, personalised intervention, and social prescribing."
"It would be important to investigate any potential barrier to exercise," Dr Hird added. "Addressing barriers to exercise— particularly in people with depression— is crucial, as regular physical activity may be able to relieve symptoms, enhance mood and empower individuals on their path to recovery. As part of this, finding strategies to encourage exercise is key."
12．What is the impact of depression worldwide
A．It is the most widespread illness.
B．It is the leading cause of death.
C．It leads to high rate of disability.
D．It becomes the focus of health.
13．Which can best replace the underlined part "hinge on" in paragraph 2
A．work on B．depend on C．put on D．get on
14．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The reasons behind depression.
B．The consequences of inflammation.
C．The way the body's immune system response.
D．The main point of the research team.
15．What does Dr Hird stress in the last paragraph
A．Barriers to taking aerobic exercise.
B．The importance of aerobic exercise.
C．Paths to recovery from depression.
D．Proper methods of encouraging exercise.
五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16．（2024·靖远模拟）Do you have those days when you say to yourself "I don't need school" or when you just can't find the motivation to pay attention in school or get your homework done 　 　 Here are some tips to keep yourself motivated in school so that you can succeed and achieve your goals.
Set concrete academic goals. 　 　 If you just want to "do better" in school, does that mean an A Or a B Are you just trying to pass Sit down and set specific benchmarks for yourself. You might say you want to maintain at least a 3.0 GPA, or that you want to get at least an A — in history this year.
Study efficiently. Avoid cramming and focus on creating your own understanding. It's easy to just sit in front of your book and read passively without really absorbing the information. 　 　 If you find it most efficient to focus on one subject at a time, do that. If bouncing between a few similar subjects helps you stay on task, that's fine, too.
　 　 This will help you commit the material to memory. It's better to spend 10-15 minutes studying every night than to try and stuff everything into one study session the night before the big test. Research has shown that stuffing is one of the least efficient ways to prepare for a test, so avoid it at all costs.
Take care of your body. Get plenty of sleep, eat a healthy diet, and exercise regularly. You cannot stay motivated if you're so physically under the weather that your body can't focus. Get 8 hours of sleep — especially on school nights. 　 　
A. Stay focused with mindfulness tricks.
B. Study in a way that makes the most sense to you.
C. It's easier to stay motivated if you have specific goals.
D. Review everything you learned at the end of each study session.
E. It's a lot easier to stay motivated if you know you're going to relax eventually.
F. Eat a diverse, healthy diet and get plenty of physical activity to ensure you' re in tip-top shape.
G. You're not alone, but doing well in school will set you up to have the life you want down the road.
六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·靖远模拟）Sawyer McCarthy communicates best through music. The 13-year-old from South Carolina is 17． . But his other senses - like his 18． - are strong. In April, he sang the national anthem at a Columbia Fireflies game, 19． millions of viewers around the world. With no singing lessons until very recently, Sawyer has 20． this far with nothing but his natural talent.
Sawyer was born blind but his mother, Brianna, didn't 21． until he was 3 months old. She was taking Sawyer for a stroll (散步) outside and noticed that they were in direct 22． , but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看). Doctors later 23． Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良), a genetic 24． affecting one in 10,000 children.
Brianna and her husband Patrick hope their son will be able to live as 25． as possible. Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane. But there are also some developmental 26． .
Soon they realized that the 27． Sawyer communicates best is through music. "He always has a trick for 28． noises that even we don't notice," the mother said.
Even at such a young age, Sawyer has big 29． . He hopes to perform on America' s Got Talent - despite being nervous. But no matter what happens, one thing is 30． : Singing is in his past, present and future. When asked about how he thought it makes people feel when they hear him sing, Sawyer 31． "Joyful".
17．A．weak B．blind C．lovely D．smart
18．A．mind B．head C．hand D．voice
19．A．reaching B．witnessing C．confirming D．meeting
20．A．pulled B．wandered C．managed D．kept
21．A．mind B．wake C．care D．know
22．A．sunlight B．position C．impression D．purpose
23．A．impressed B．diagnosed C．entertained D．surprised
24．A．pattern B．signal C．condition D．mark
25．A．independently B．continuously C．proudly D．separately
26．A．currents B．procedures C．strategies D．delays
27．A．view B．treat C．wish D．way
28．A．tolerating B．hearing C．touching D．making
29．A．issues B．lectures C．ambitions D．programs
30．A．at random B．for certain C．in need D．on end
31．A．responded B．commented C．believed D．explained
七、第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024·靖远模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A large tomb dating back approximately 5,000 years was discovered at the Wangzhuang ruins in the city of Yongcheng, Central China's Henan Province, providing　32． 　 new sample for studying the critical period of the origins of Chinese civilization, Dawenkou culture period (4300 BC-2500 BC), a culture of the late Neolithic Age.
It is reported that 45 Dawenkou culture tombs were newly discovered at the Wangzhuang site, 27 of　33． 　 have already been excavated. Some of these tombs appear　34． 　(belong) to high-ranking officials, presenting a number of valuable artifacts and pig jawbones representing wealth and making it one of the　35． 　 (large) and most artifact-rich tombs found from the Dawenkou culture.
It is interesting to note that the tomb was　36． 　(intentional) damaged by ancient enemy forces. Only a small number of human bones were found in the tomb, with no complete human skeleton　37． 　 (discover). This discovery provides new evidence for the development trace in ancient kingdoms across various regions during the　38． 　 (form) of Chinese civilization around 5,000 years ago.
So far, the Wangzhuang site has yielded over 1,000 artifacts. Based　39． 　 the shapes of the findings, the cultural characteristics of the site are complex, with the main　40． 　(remain) belonging to the Dawenkou culture.
Currently, the excavation of the site is still underway. The cultural relics unearthed from the tomb have now been cleaned up, and the next step　41． 　 (be) to extract (提取) them for more detailed research.
八、写作 第一节 (满分15分)
42．（2024·靖远模拟）假定你是李华，上周你参加了校英语演讲比赛。在外教Walsh的指导之下，你获得了第一名。请你给他写一封电子邮件，对他表示感谢，内容包括：
1.介绍比赛情况；
2.表达感谢。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Walsh,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
九、第二节 (满分25分)
43．（2024·靖远模拟）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maycie Fuselier was a warm-hearted young woman with a genuine care for others. Three years ago, during a charity event, she signed up to be a bone marrow(骨髓) donor, hoping to make a difference in someone's life. As time passed, the memory of that selfless act faded into the background of her busy life as a high school English teacher.
In September 2022, Adam and Candace Cromer learned that their daughter, Sophie, then only 6 years old, had been diagnosed with aplastic anemia, a rare and serious bone marrow disease.
"It was severe," Candace said. "We did our own research and found the only cure option was to have a bone marrow transplant."
It was an ordinary afternoon when Maycie's phone rang and she answered, expecting a routine call, but the voice on the other end brought unexpected news.
"Hello, Maycie This is calling from the National Bone Marrow Registry. We have a potential match for your donor profile. A young girl named Sophie, who is suffering from a rare and severe bone marrow disease called aplastic anemia, needs your help. Are you still willing to donate "
The news that she was a match for Sophie left her both surprised and nervous. Unsure of what to do, she sought guidance from her father.
"He said that I should think about it and I did," she shared.
After taking his advice, she made the life-changing decision. "I'm so glad I said yes," Maycie added, reflecting on the experience.
The process was swift and efficient. Maycie underwent a series of tests to confirm her compatibility, and soon, it was confirmed that she was indeed a match for Sophie. The thought of being able to save a child's life filled her with a profound sense of purpose and joy.
In January 2023, Sophie's life was saved by a bone marrow transplant from Maycie. The Children's of Alabama organized a special meeting for them in September 2024.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the day of the reunion, Maycie walked into a room filled with balloons and smiles.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Seeing Sophie healthy and lively, Maycie was glad she had made that decision.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则招聘广告，兰卡斯特大学数学科学院正在面向社会招聘一名教授，希望他能在兰开斯特大学现实世界系统中人工智能数学（MARS）的领导中发挥重要的战略作用。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一则招聘信息，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"MARS, which is funded by a 12m investment from Research England, will conduct research and teaching at the interface (界面) of dynamical mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence (AI), with a focus on using applied mathematics to address real-world challenges."MARS由英国研究中心投资1200万英镑，将在动态数学建模和人工智能的界面进行研究和教学，重点是使用应用数学来解决现实世界的挑战。可知，兰卡斯特大学的MARS的主要目标就是使用应用数学来解决现实问题。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Ideally, you will have an application focus in at least one of the following MARS key application areas: cyber security, engineering, environment and health."理想情况下，您将在以下MARS关键应用领域中至少有一个应用重点：网络安全，工程，环境和健康。可知，网络安全是MARS的一个应用领域。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段"This is a full-time, indefinite post and flexible working arrangements will be considered."这是一个全职、无限期岗位，将考虑灵活的工作安排。可知，招聘的这一教授职位可以有灵活的工作时间安排。故选B。
【答案】4．D
5．B
6．A
7．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了巴西摄影记者 Sebastiāo 和妻子 Lelia 回到家乡，发现曾经繁荣的牧场几近荒芜，在妻子的提议下，二人于1998年成立环保组织"地球研究所"，带领团队将1754英亩的土地重新绿化。如今，这片曾经荒芜的土地不仅恢复了生机，成为私人自然遗产保护区，还为数百种动植物提供了庇护所， Sebastiāo也在这个过程中获得了自我重生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Nearly three decades ago, Brazilian photojournalist Sebastiāo returned from his assignment in East Africa, shocked to find his family's once booming cattle farm had become almost a wasteland." 大约30年前，巴西摄影记Sebastiāo从东非出差回来，震惊地发现他家曾经兴旺的养牛场几乎变成了一片荒地。可知，Sebastiāo从东非回来时农场已经变成了荒地。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"In 1998, embracing the challenge with determination and a deep-seated desire to revive a crucial part of their country and family history, Sebastiāo and Lelia established the Instituto Terra, an environmental group dedicated to the sustainability of the Valley of the River Doce."1998年，带着坚定的决心和对复兴他们国家和家族历史的重要部分的强烈愿望，Lelia和Sebastiāo成立了Terra研究所，这是一个致力于多西河流域可持续发展的环境组织；以及第三段中的"The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land." 这对夫妇和他们的团队开始了一段重新种植和重建1754英亩土地的旅程。可推知，Sebastiāo和Lelia通过团队努力来应对他们面临的挑战。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段"The once-barren cattle farm is not only thriving but has also become a shelter for hundreds of species of animals and plants. The land, now vibrant and alive, hosts 293 species of trees, 172 species of birds, 33 species of mammals, and 15 species of reptiles and amphibians, many of which are endangered and have found a safe refuge in this refreshed environment." 曾经贫瘠的养牛场不仅蓬勃发展，而且还成为数百种动植物的避难所。这片土地现在生机勃勃，拥有293种树木、172种鸟类、33种哺乳动物和15种爬行动物和两栖动物，其中许多是濒临灭绝的动物，它们在这片清新的环境中找到了安全的避难所。可推知，第五段中的数字说明了这对夫妇工作的成功。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"His wife, Lelia, equally heartbroken by the destruction of the once- vibrant (充满生机的) land, proposed an idea that seemed almost as enormous and impossible as the barrenness (荒芜) before them— replant the forest."他的妻子Lelia同样为这片曾经充满活力的土地的毁灭感到心碎，她提出了一个几乎和他们面前的贫瘠一样巨大和不可能的想法——重新种植森林；以及第三段中的"The couple, along with their team, embarked on a journey to replant and rebuild the1,754-acre plot of land." 这对夫妇和他们的团队开始了一段重新种植和重建1754英亩土地的旅程。可知，本文讲述了，Sebastiāo在30年前从非洲东部回来，发现之前繁荣的农场变成了荒原，于是他和妻子决定重新种植森林，经历困难最后终于成功的故事。由此可推知，我们能从Sebastiāo的故事中学到"有志者，事竟成"这个道理。故选C项。
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．A
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 讲述了科学家通过研究法国农场18只母鸡在不同情境下的面部羽毛位置和皮肤颜色变化，发现家鸡会像人类和其他哺乳动物一样通过面部表情表达情绪，例如抖松头部羽毛代表满足，皮肤发红则表示积极兴奋或恐惧。该研究首次证实家鸡具有情绪性面部表情，这为改善家禽福利提供了新视角。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Although birds can produce facial expressions by moving their head feathers and flushing (发红) their skin, it is unclear whether they express emotions in this way."虽然鸟类可以通过移动头部羽毛和冲洗皮肤来产生面部表情，但它们是否以这种方式表达情感尚不清楚；以及第二段中的"To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm."为了进行调查，法国INRAE和CNRS的研究人员在法国一个农场拍摄了18只来自两个品种的雌性家鸡的日常行为。可推知，研究人员试图了解鸡的面部表情是如何表达它们的情绪的。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段"To investigate, researchers from INRAE and CNRS, France, filmed 18 female domestic chickens from two breeds, as they performed routine behaviors on a French farm. They also filmed the birds while being captured and held by a human, and while being rewarded with an appealing food."为了进行调查，法国INRAE和CNRS的研究人员在法国一个农场拍摄了18只来自两个品种的雌性家鸡的日常行为。他们还拍摄了这些鸟被人类捕获和关押的过程，以及它们得到诱人食物的过程；以及第三段中的"The researchers analyzed the position of their facial feathers and the color of the exposed skin on their faces in seven contexts that differed in their emotional valence (效价) and level of excitement."研究人员分析了它们面部羽毛的位置和脸上裸露皮肤的颜色，在七种不同的情况下，它们的情绪效价和兴奋程度不同。可知，拍摄在各种环境下的家鸡的目的是观察它们的情绪反应。故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Fluffing (抖松) head feathers were mainly associated with a state of contentment, whereas flushing indicated that the birds were positively excited or fearful."蓬松的头部羽毛主要与满足的状态有关，而脸红则表明鸟类非常兴奋或害怕。可知，家鸡感到满足的时候会抖动头部羽毛。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第五段中的"These findings offer a window into the emotional experiences of domestic birds, which could be used to improve the welfare of farmed poultry (家禽), the researchers say."研究人员说，这些发现为家禽的情感体验提供了一个窗口，可以用来改善养殖家禽的福利。可推知，该研究可以用来提高家禽的福利，属于农业领域。故选C。
【答案】12．C
13．B
14．A
15．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明抑郁症与大脑炎症和多巴胺传递受阻有关，这些变化可能导致动力下降，而有氧运动可通过减少炎症、促进多巴胺功能及增强动力来缓解抑郁症状。研究者认为这一发现有助于开发个性化运动疗法等新型干预策略，同时强调需解决抑郁症患者参与运动的障碍以提升治疗效果。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with disruptions to several brain and psychological processes, including impaired learning and memory." 抑郁症是世界范围内导致残疾的主要原因，与一些大脑和心理过程的中断有关，包括学习和记忆受损。可知，抑郁症在世界范围内的影响是它导致高残疾率。故选C。
13．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"They believe that the process may hinge on motivation, which is very important for relieving a number of symptoms of depression, such as anhedonia (a lack of interest or joy in life's experiences), low energy and ‘brain fog'. "他们认为，这个过程可能取决于动机，这对于缓解一些抑郁症的症状非常重要，比如快感缺乏（对生活经历缺乏兴趣或乐趣）、精力不足和"脑雾"。可知，此处为这个过程可能取决于动机。可推知线短语hinge on为"取决于"，故选B。
14．段落大意题。根据第三段"The team summarised research papers exploring the mechanisms (机制) of depression in both humans and animals and concluded that depression, especially anhedonia, is associated with increased inflammation (炎症) caused by the body's immune response. Importantly, inflammation is also linked to disrupting dopamine transmission. These biological changes may represent key processes leading to changes in motivation, and in particular a lower willingness to make physical or mental effort."该团队总结了探索人类和动物抑郁症机制的研究论文，并得出结论：抑郁症，尤其是快感缺乏，与身体免疫反应引起的炎症增加有关。重要的是，炎症也与破坏多巴胺的传递有关。这些生理上的变化可能代表了导致动机变化的关键过程，特别是降低了付出体力或精神努力的意愿。可知，第三段主要讲的是抑郁症背后的原因。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Addressing barriers to exercise— particularly in people with depression— is crucial, as regular physical activity may be able to relieve symptoms, enhance mood and empower individuals on their path to recovery. As part of this, finding strategies to encourage exercise is key."解决运动障碍——尤其是抑郁症患者——是至关重要的，因为定期的体育活动可能能够缓解症状，改善情绪，并使个人走上康复之路。因此，找到鼓励锻炼的策略是关键。可推知，Hird博士在最后一段强调了找到鼓励锻炼的策略。故选D。
16．【答案】G；C；B；D；F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，针对学生在学习中缺乏动力的问题，提供了保持学习动力的实用建议，包括设定具体目标、高效学习、定期复习所学内容以及照顾好身体等，以帮助学生取得成功并实现目标。
（1）根据空前"Do you have those days when you say to yourself ‘I don't need school'or when you just can't find the motivation to pay attention in school or get your homework done "你是否有过这样的日子：你对自己说"我不需要上学"，或者你就是找不到在学校集中注意力或完成作业的动力？说明在学校缺乏学习动力的问题，G. You're not alone, but doing well in school will set you up to have the life you want down the road."你并不孤单，但在学校表现良好会让你过上你想要的生活。"承接上文，说明有办法解决问题，并引出下文"Here are some tips to keep yourself motivated in school so that you can succeed and achieve your goals."这里有一些建议，让你在学校保持动力，这样你就能成功并实现你的目标。介绍文章主题。故选G项。
（2）根据空前"Set concrete academic goals."制定具体的学术目标。建议制定学术目标， C. It's easier to stay motivated if you have specific goals. "如果你有明确的目标，就更容易保持动力。"承接上文，说明有了目标就容易保持活力，符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据空前"It's easy to just sit in front of your book and read passively without really absorbing the information. "人们很容易只是坐在书前被动地阅读，而没有真正吸收信息。说明有时人们只是被动学习，这样没有意义， B. Study in a way that makes the most sense to you. "用对你最有意义的方式学习。"转折上文，建议用有意义的方式学习，引出下文"If you find it most efficient to focus on one subject at a time, do that. "如果你发现一次专注于一个主题是最有效的，那就去做吧。鼓励用有效的方式。故选B。
（4）根据空后"This will help you commit the material to memory."这将帮助你记住材料。说明前面是有助于记忆的方法， D. Review everything you learned at the end of each study session. "在每次学习结束时回顾你学过的所有东西。"建议一种有助于记忆学过的东西的方法，符合语境，故选D。
（5）根据空前"Take care of your body. Get plenty of sleep, eat a healthy diet, and exercise regularly. "照顾好你的身体。充足的睡眠，健康的饮食，有规律的锻炼。建议照顾好自己的身体，F. Eat a diverse, healthy diet and get plenty of physical activity to ensure you' re in tip-top shape."吃多样化、健康的饮食，并进行大量的体育锻炼，以确保你处于最佳状态。"说明吃好，睡好，锻炼好能够确保处于最佳状态，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
【答案】17．B；18．D；19．A；20．C；21．D；22．A；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．B；31．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了天生失明的13岁男孩Sawyer McCarthy凭借天赋和热爱在音乐中展现自我，音乐成为他沟通世界的方式，展现了他积极乐观的生活态度。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．句意：这位来自南卡罗来纳的13岁少年双目失明。A：weak"虚弱的"；B：blind"失明的"；C：lovely"可爱的"；D：smart"聪明的"。根据下文"Sawyer was born blind"Sawyer天生失明。可知，他是失明的，故选B。
18．句意：但他的其他感官——比如他的声音——很强大。A：mind"思想"；B：head"头"；C：hand"手"；D：voice "嗓音"。根据上文"Sawyer McCarthy communicates best through music"Sawyer McCarthy最擅长通过音乐进行交流。可知，用音乐来交流说明嗓音非常强大，故选D。
19．句意：今年4月，他在哥伦比亚萤火虫队（Columbia Fireflies）的一场比赛中演唱了国歌，吸引了全球数百万观众。A：reaching"引起……的注意"；B：witnessing"见证"；C：confirming"确认"；D：meeting"遇见"。根据上文"But his other senses - like his 2 - are strong."但他的其他感官——比如他的声音——很强大。可知，他的嗓音很强大，所以参加演唱比赛，应该是吸引了全球数百万观众，故选A。
20．句意：Sawyer直到最近才上过歌唱课，他靠自己的天赋做到了这一点。A：pulled"拉"；B：wandered"徘徊"；C：managed"设法做到"；D：kept"保持"。根据空前"With no singing lessons until very recently"可知，他以前没有上过歌唱课，是凭借天赋成功做到现在这个地步的，故选C。
21．句意：Sawyer天生失明，但他的母亲布里安娜直到他3个月大时才知道。A：mind"介意"；B：wake"弄醒"；C：care"关心"；D：know"知道"。根据下文"She was taking Sawyer for a stroll (散步) outside and noticed that they were in direct 6 , but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看)."她带着Sawyer在外面散步，注意到他们在阳光直射下，但他没有眯着眼睛。可知，Sawyer的母亲是后来才注意到他的眼睛有问题，所以这里是直到他3个月大时才知道，故选D。
22．句意：她带着Sawyer在外面散步，注意到他们在阳光直射下，但他没有眯着眼睛。A：sunlight"阳光"；B：position"位置"；C：impression"印象"；D：purpose"目的"。根据空后"but he wasn't squinting (眯着眼看)"和常识可知，是在阳光直射下没有眯着眼看，故选A。
23．句意：医生后来诊断Sawyer患有视神经发育不良，这种遗传病在儿童中发病率为万分之一。A：impressed"使印象深刻"；B：diagnosed"诊断"；C：entertained"娱乐"；D：surprised"使惊讶"。根据空后"Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良)"可知，这是医生诊断的结果。故选B。
24．句意：医生后来诊断Sawyer患有视神经发育不良，这种遗传病在儿童中发病率为万分之一。A：pattern"模型"；B：signal"信号"；C：condition"疾病"；D：mark"记号"。根据空前"Sawyer with septo-optic dysplasia (视神经发育不良)"可知，这应该是一种疾病，故选C。
25．句意：布里安娜和她的丈夫帕特里克希望他们的儿子能够尽可能地独立生活。A：independently"独立地"；B：continuously"连续不断地"；C：proudly"骄傲地"；D：separately"分别地"。根据下文"Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane."可知，Sawyer的父母想让自己儿子尽可能独立的生活，所以让他学盲文，使用拐杖，故选A。
26．句意：但也有一些发育迟缓。A：currents"趋向"；B：procedures"程序"；C：strategies"策略"；D：delays" 延迟 "。根据上文"Sawyer reads Braille and uses a cane."索耶能阅读盲文，并使用手杖；以及空前But可知，是转折关系，所以Sawyer尽管学盲文，使用拐杖，但是还是发育迟缓，故选D。
27．句意：很快，他们意识到Sawyer最好的沟通方式是通过音乐。A：view"观点"；B：treat"款待"；C：wish"愿望"；D：way"方法，方式"。根据空后"Sawyer communicates best is through music"可知，是沟通方式是音乐，故选D。
28．句意：他总是有一种本领，能听到连我们都没注意到的声音，"母亲说。A：tolerating"忍受"；B：hearing"听到"；C：touching"触碰"；D：making" 使，让 "。根据空后"noises that even we don't notice"可知，是听到声音，故选B。
29．句意：即使在这么小的年纪Sawyer也有很大的抱负。A：issues"问题"；B：lectures"讲座"；C：ambitions"抱负"；D：programs"程序"。根据下文"He hopes to perform on America' s Got Talent - despite being nervous."尽管很紧张，他还是希望能在《美国达人秀》上表演。可知他小小年纪就去参加美国达人秀说明有很大的抱负，故选C。
30．句意：但无论发生什么，有一件事是肯定的：唱歌是他的过去、现在和未来。A：at random"任意地"；B：for certain"无疑地"；C：in need"在危难中"；D：on end"连续地"。根据下文"Singing is in his past, present and future. When asked about how he thought it makes people feel when they hear him sing, Sawyer 15 ‘Joyful'."可知，他会一直唱下去，也就是唱歌是他的过去、现在和未来，这件事是肯定的，故选B。
31．句意：当被问及人们听他唱歌时的感受时，Sawyer回答说："快乐"。A：responded"回答"；B：commented"评论"；C：believed"相信"；D：explained"解释"。根据空后"Joyful"可知，是Sawyer被问及人们听他唱歌时的感受时的回答，故选A。
【答案】32．a；33．which；34．to belong；35．largest；36．intentionally；37．discovered；38．formation；39．on；40．remains；41．is
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，中国河南永城王庄遗址新发现一座约5000年前的大墓，属于大汶口文化时期，为研究中华文明起源提供了新样本。该墓葬出土文物丰富，虽遭破坏但仍具重要价值，展现了当时复杂的社会结构和文化特征。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，名词，介词，主谓一致，以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
32．句意：在中国中部河南省永城市王庄遗址发现了一座距今约5000年的大墓，为研究中国文明起源的关键时期——大汶口文化时期（公元前4300年-公元前2500年）——新石器时代晚期的文化提供了一个新的样本。根据句意以及空后new sample为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指"一个新的样本"，结合new为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a。故填a。
33．句意：据报道，王庄遗址新发现45座大汶口文化墓葬，其中27座已经发掘。分析句子可知，此处为介词of后接关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词45 Dawenkou culture tombs在从句中作介词of的宾语成分。故填which。
34．句意：其中一些坟墓似乎属于高级官员，展示了许多珍贵的文物和代表财富的猪颚骨，使其成为大汶口文化中发现的最大和文物最丰富的坟墓之一。appear to do"好像做……，似乎做……"为固定搭配，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to belong。
35．句意：其中一些坟墓似乎属于高级官员，展示了许多珍贵的文物和代表财富的猪颚骨，使其成为大汶口文化中发现的最大和文物最丰富的坟墓之一。根据句意以及空前one of the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式，构成one of the+形容词最高级，表示"最……的其中之一"。故填largest。
36．句意：有趣的是，古墓是被古代敌军故意破坏的。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词intentionally作状语修饰动词was damaged。故填intentionally。
37．句意：墓中只发现了少量的人骨，没有发现完整的人骨。此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，discover和宾语no complete human skeleton为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填discovered。
38．句意：这一发现为5000年前中国文明形成过程中各个地区古代王国的发展轨迹提供了新的证据。由空前the定冠词可知，此处为名词形式，和of后的Chinese civilization形成所属关系。故填formation。
39．句意：从遗址形态看，遗址文化特征复杂，主要遗迹属于大汶口文化。be based on/ upon"基于……，以……为基础"为固定搭配。故填on/ upon。
40．句意：从遗址形态看，遗址文化特征复杂，主要遗迹属于大汶口文化。所给词在这里作名词，意思是"遗迹"，可数名词，主要遗迹不止一处，故用复数形式。故填remains。
41．句意：从古墓中出土的文物现在已经被清理干净，下一步是将它们提取出来进行更详细的研究。主语是the next step，单数形式，be动词用第三人称单数，be to do结构表将来。故填is。
42．【答案】Dear Mr. Walsh,
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude. It was due to your invaluable guidance that I succeeded during the school English speech competition last week. It was an unbelievable experience, and I am thrilled to share that I secured the first place.
Your insightful advice on pronunciation and body language truly made a difference. The competition was fierce, with many talented participants showcasing their skills. However, your encouragement and the techniques you taught me gave me the confidence to stand out.
I am deeply grateful for your time and support.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份， 写一封电子邮件，表示感谢。写作背景： 上周你参加了校英语演讲比赛。在外教Walsh的指导之下，你获得了第一名。 写做要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1.介绍比赛情况；2.表达感谢。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：It was due to your invaluable guidance that I succeeded during the school English speech competition last week.运用了强调句； It was an unbelievable experience, and I am thrilled to share that I secured the first place.运用了并列句，不定式作原因状语，宾语从句； The competition was fierce, with many talented participants showcasing their skills. 运用了with的复合结构；However, your encouragement and the techniques you taught me gave me the confidence to stand out.运用了限制性定语从句。
43．【答案】On the day of the reunion, Maycie walked into a room filled with balloons and smiles. There, she saw Sophie, now a healthy and vibrant 8-year-old, running and laughing like any other child. The transformation was astonishing, and Maycie's heart swelled with emotion. Sophie ran towards Maycie, hugging her tightly. "You' re my hero," she whispered, tears of joy in her eyes. Maycie held her, overwhelmed by the love and gratitude that surrounded her. The two embraced, a moment of pure joy and gratitude that brought tears to the eyes of everyone present.
Seeing Sophie healthy and lively, Maycie was glad she had made that decision. It was a reminder that kindness could have profound and lasting impacts. During their reunion, Maycie reflected on the emotional experience and encouraged others to consider becoming donors, emphasizing the chance to "give the gift of life". "Don't even think twice," she said. "Do it. For sure." Maycie returned to her classroom with a renewed sense of purpose, sharing her story with her students. She wanted them to understand the power of compassion and the incredible gift of life that they could all be a part of.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文讲述了年轻的高中英语老师Maycie Fuselier是一个热心的人，三年前，在一次慈善活动中，她报名成为了一名骨髓捐赠者，希望能改变一个人的生活，最终Maycie Fuselier成功为小姑娘苏菲捐赠了骨髓。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"在团聚的那天，Maycie走进了一个满是气球和微笑的房间。"可知，第一段可描写Maycie走进房间后所见到的场景及感受以及苏菲对于她的感激和Maycie的反应。②由第二段首句内容"看到苏菲健康而活泼，Maycie很高兴自己做出了这个决定。"可知，第二段可描写见到健康活泼的苏菲以后Maycie庆幸自己作出了正确的决定以及回到学校后给学生讲述经过并表达希望同学们都对别人伸出援助之手的美好愿望。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点评】这段续写以温馨感人的笔触，生动描绘了骨髓捐献者与受助者重逢的动人场景，并深化了善行传递生命力量的主题。通过细腻的情感刻画与精巧的结构设计，让读者在温暖中感受到善行的力量，既符合原文的慈善基调，又拓展了生命教育的深层内涵，堪称佳作。文中有一些好的词句。例如："You' re my hero," she whispered, tears of joy in her eyes.运用了独立主格结构；During their reunion, Maycie reflected on the emotional experience and encouraged others to consider becoming donors, emphasizing the chance to "give the gift of life".运用了现在分词短语作状语。
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