资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项培优 写作
一．书面表达（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 市中区期末）今年是我市创建全国文明城市提名城市的关键之年，学校开展了"践行十爱、德耀嘉州"的志愿活动。请你以"爱乐山"为题，根据以下要点并结合自己爱乐山的实际行动，写一篇英语短文投稿校报。文中不得出现自己学校和本人的相关信息。
1）乐山位于中国西南，人口约315万；
2）因大佛（the Giant Buddha）、峨眉山和美食而闻名；
3）乐山风景美丽，气候宜人，每年来乐游客很多；
4）多亏了政府，乐山这些年发生了巨大的变化（请举例）。
要求：1）包含表格 所提供的所有信息；
2）80词左右，可适当发挥；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Love our city ﹣﹣ Leshan
Leshan is our hometown.
2．（2024秋 肥西县期末）假如你是李华，你的英国好友Mike 及其家人想在寒假期间来中国游览"冰城"哈尔滨（Harbin），希望你帮忙做个旅游攻略，请你结合以下要点给 Mike写一封英文电子邮件。
简介 哈尔滨位于中国东北，是黑龙江省的省会。
景点推荐 （1）中央大街（the Central Street）：现为哈尔滨最繁华的商业街（business street）。 （2）冰雪大世界（the Ice and Snow World） ：观看各种各样形状的冰雕（ice sculptures）；滑冰和滑雪等
美食推荐 锅包肉（Harbin potted pork） 、冻梨（frozen pear）
建议 （1）注意保暖（keep warm）； （2）带上相机； （3）网上预订（book...online） 酒店。
注意： （1）词数：80词左右，开头和结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）内容必须包含所提供的所有信息，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不得出现本人姓名和所在校名。
Dear Mike，
I'm glad to hear that you're planning to travel to Harbin during the winter holiday._____________
Wish you have a good time in Harbin!
Yours，
Li Hua
3．（2024秋 莘县期末）2024年元旦，国家主席习近平讲话做出宣示："我们要营造温暖和谐的社会氛围，拓展包容活跃的创新空间，创造便利舒适的生活条件，让大家心情愉悦，人生出彩、梦想成真。"
鉴于此，你们学校的英语报正以 Doing Our Part（从自身做起）为题举行征文活动，请根据下列表格提示的内容，用英语写一篇作文。
行为 作用
在家庭 ①帮助父母做家务 ②和父母多交流 ①让父母不要太累 ②……
在学校 ①与同学互帮互助 ②努力学习 ①创造友好环境 ②实现梦想
在社会 ①不要乱丢垃圾 ②…… ①美化环境 ②……
展望：我们每个人都积极行动，世界将会更加美好！
要求：
（1）表达清楚，上下连贯；
（2）必须包括所有相关信息，可适当发挥；
（3）词汇：100词左右，开头已给出，不计入字数。
（4）不得使用真实姓名、学校等。
Doing Our Part
As we have grown up，it's time for us to do something for our family，school and society.
________
4．（2024秋 庐阳区期末）在你的成长过程中，一定有很多值得你敬佩的人，比如你的父母、老师和朋友。假如你是李华，学校英语社团将举办"The person I admire"的演讲比赛，请你从中选择一位，根据要点提示并做适当发挥，用英文写一篇介绍此人的演讲稿。
要点：
（1）你最敬佩的人的基本状况；
（2）你敬佩他/她的原因；
（3）你的期望或者所思所悟。
注意：
（1）词数80﹣100；
（2）请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
（3）信中不能出现与本人相关信息；
（4）文章的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Hello，everyone!I'm Li Hua The person I admire most is______.
That's all.Thanks for listening.
5．（2024秋 桐乡市期末）假设你是李华。你校英语网站正在举办以"感恩父母"为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示写一篇题为"A Letter to My Parents"的短文，讲述初中阶段父母为你做的事并表达你的感受。
A Letter to My Parents
Reasons of writing express my thanks...
Things they have done cook delicious food；take me to and from school； talk to me and give me advice...
Feelings help me grow；face difficulties bravely...
注意：
（1）短文必须包括表格中的所有内容，并适当发挥。
（2）文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。
（3）词数：80～100。
A Letter to My Parents
Dear Mum and Dad，
I'm writing to____________________________________________________________________
Love from，
Li Hua
6．（2024秋 宁河区期末）根据下面的提示，以"My volunteer activities"为题目写一篇短文。
（1）每周六你和爸爸、妈妈都会做志愿者。
（2）你们清扫楼梯、整理杂物，使环境焕然一新。
（3）你们帮助那些需要帮助的人，为他们送去温暖。
（4）越来越多的人加入到你们中来，你们的志愿活动也更丰富了。
（5）你认为……
提示如下：
（1）词数：80 100；
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
My volunteer activities
My father，my mother and I are volunteers._____
7．（2023 沈阳）为了传承和弘扬中华民族的优良家风，学校英文社团开展主题为"孝亲敬长"的英语征文比赛。假定你是李华，请你写一篇征文参加比赛。内容包括：
（1）尊重的对象和原因；
（2）具体做法；
（3）发出号召。
【注意】
（4）词数 80﹣100，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
（5）短文须包括所给内容信息，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（6）作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。
Show respect for elders
Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years.____________
8．（2024秋 惠民县期末）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Matt给你发来一封求助邮件。请阅读邮件内容并进行回复。
Dear Li Hua， How's everything going？My Chinese teacher invited me to have dinner at her house next Sunday.I really want to behave properly，but I know nothing about Chinese table manners.Could you please give me some useful suggestions？ Yours， Matt
要求：
（1）要点齐全，包括至少三条建议，并适当发挥；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名与校名；
（3）卷面整洁，书写美观，可适当加2﹣3分；
（4）80词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
____________
9．（2024秋 天津期末）英语课上，老师要求你们讨论自己身边发生的事情，并在全班同学面前发表自己的看法。请你根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
要点提示如下：
（1）上周六晚上，你的好朋友李华去参加了朋友的生日派对；
（2）李华和朋友们在一起唱歌、玩游戏，他很开心；
（3）可是整晚李华父母都很担心；
（4）深夜回到家，李华无任何歉意，倒头就睡了；
（5）你认为……
要求：
（1）词数：80﹣100 词；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Boys and girls，
I'm happy to speak here and I'd like to talk about one thing which happened to my friend，Li Hua.
_______
That's all.Thank you!
10．（2024秋 滨海新区期末）当前，我国已经进入了老龄化社会。尊敬老人，是中华民族的传统美德，关爱老人应该从我们身边的小事做起。请根据下面的内容提示，写一篇短文。
（1）李奶奶是一位独居老人，她很善良，深受邻居尊重。
（2）上周六，李奶奶生病住院了，没有人照顾。
（3）李津和社区志愿者买了鲜花和水果去医院看望老人。
（4）他们帮助老人洗衣服，和老人聊天。
（5）李奶奶很开心，感觉好多了。
（6）你认为……
参考词汇：社区志愿者 community volunteer
和……聊天 chat with
要求：
（1）词数：80～100个。
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Grandma Li is an old woman，
_______
11．（2024秋 隆安县期末）在2023年，你有什么新年愿望呢？比如：进入理想的高中学习；结交更多的朋友；让身体更加健康……请你以"My new year's wish"为题，向校刊Hear my voice英文专栏投稿，讲述你的一个新年愿望。
内容要点：
（1）你的一个新年愿望是什么：
（2）你为什么会许下这个愿望；
（3）你将如何去实现这个愿望。
注意：
（1）包含所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（2）文中不得透露个人信息；
（3）词数80左右（首句已给出，不计入总词数）。
My new year's wish
In the year of 2023，I have a wish.__________
12．（2024秋 细河区期末）现在，某英文报纸就"A special photo"为题开展征文活动，请你与他人一起来分享照片背后的故事吧。
内容提示：
（1）What is your photo about？
（2）When was it taken？
（3）Why is it special？
要求：中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，体现真情实感，书写规范；词数不少于70词。
__________
13．（2024 浙江一模）假设为宣传环保理念，践行环保措施，学校正在开展"环保从我做起"的演讲比赛。根据以下内容提示，写一篇英语演讲稿，向同学们发出环保倡议。
内容提示：
（1）步行或骑自行车上学
（2）随手关灯，节约用水
（3）尽量不使用塑料制品
（4）使用可循环利用物品
（5）将废弃物分类后再丢弃
（6）其他做法……（补充一点）
参考词汇：recyclable things 可循环利用物品
要求：（1）词数：80～100个。
（2）短文的开头和结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Dear friends，
Today I'm going to give a talk about environmental protection.
As students，______
That's all.Thanks for your listening.
14．（2024秋 龙门县期末）书面表达。请根据要求完成短文写作，并将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。
你是否曾经对父母的千叮万嘱感到抱怨？你是否想象过独自在家的情况呢？假如你是李华，你的朋友Amy想和你交流独自在家的一次经历，请你用英语给她写一封信。
内容包括：
①简单描述一次独自在家的经历（原因、活动和感受）；
②就青少年独自在家如何照顾自己提出两点建议；
③期待她的回复。
作文要求：
A．不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
B．语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Amy，
I'm glad that I can share my experience at home alone with you .________
Yours，
Li Hua
15．（2024秋 沐川县期末）国家提出将"劳动教育（labour education ）"纳入中小学课程方案，请结合自身的劳动经历，谈谈你对劳动教育的看法，内容包括：
自身的劳动经历及感受 学习生活技能，有利健康；像锻炼一样，有助于努力学习后的放松， …
对学校开设劳动课程的建议 在家 ：收拾碗碟 ，扫地 …… 在校：打扫教室；浇花浇树……
自身的劳动经历及感受 提供各种不同的劳动课程；举办有关劳动技能的竞赛……
要求：
（1）文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名；
（2）包含以上表格内所有信息，可适当发挥；
（3）词数80左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
It's reported that labor education has been included in the education of middle schools and primary schools in China.I think _____________
期末专项培优 写作
参考答案与试题解析
一．书面表达（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 市中区期末）今年是我市创建全国文明城市提名城市的关键之年，学校开展了"践行十爱、德耀嘉州"的志愿活动。请你以"爱乐山"为题，根据以下要点并结合自己爱乐山的实际行动，写一篇英语短文投稿校报。文中不得出现自己学校和本人的相关信息。
1）乐山位于中国西南，人口约315万；
2）因大佛（the Giant Buddha）、峨眉山和美食而闻名；
3）乐山风景美丽，气候宜人，每年来乐游客很多；
4）多亏了政府，乐山这些年发生了巨大的变化（请举例）。
要求：1）包含表格 所提供的所有信息；
2）80词左右，可适当发挥；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Love our city ﹣﹣ Leshan
Leshan is our hometown.
【考点】说明文；旅游景点．
【答案】
Love our city ﹣﹣ Leshan
Leshan is our hometown.Leshan is located in southwestern China with a population of approximately 3.15 million.It is famous for the Giant Buddha，Mount Emei，and delicious food.Leshan has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate，with many tourists coming to Leshan every year.Thanks to the government，Leshan has undergone tremendous changes in recent years.People have all moved into big new houses.The environment here is also very good.There are many parks around for people to relax.I hope everyone can love the environment of Leshan.Let's start with small things around us and take care of the environment.
【分析】 【高分句型一】
There are many parks around for people to relax.周围有许多公园供人们放松。There be句型。
【高分句型二】
Let's start with small things around us and take care of the environment.让我们从身边小事做起，爱护环境。祈使句。
【解答】
Love our city ﹣﹣ Leshan
Leshan is our hometown.Leshan is located in southwestern China with a population of approximately 3.15 million. （乐山位于中国西南，人口约315万）It is famous for the Giant Buddha，Mount Emei，and delicious food. （因大佛（the Giant Buddha）、峨眉山和美食而闻名）Leshan has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate，with many tourists coming to Leshan every year.（乐山风景美丽，气候宜人，每年来乐游客很多） Thanks to the government，Leshan has undergone tremendous changes in recent years.People have all moved into big new houses.The environment here is also very good.There are many parks around for people to relax. 【高分句型一】（多亏了政府，乐山这些年发生了巨大的变化）I hope everyone can love the environment of Leshan.Let's start with small things around us and take care of the environment. 【高分句型二】
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
2．（2024秋 肥西县期末）假如你是李华，你的英国好友Mike 及其家人想在寒假期间来中国游览"冰城"哈尔滨（Harbin），希望你帮忙做个旅游攻略，请你结合以下要点给 Mike写一封英文电子邮件。
简介 哈尔滨位于中国东北，是黑龙江省的省会。
景点推荐 （1）中央大街（the Central Street）：现为哈尔滨最繁华的商业街（business street）。 （2）冰雪大世界（the Ice and Snow World） ：观看各种各样形状的冰雕（ice sculptures）；滑冰和滑雪等
美食推荐 锅包肉（Harbin potted pork） 、冻梨（frozen pear）
建议 （1）注意保暖（keep warm）； （2）带上相机； （3）网上预订（book...online） 酒店。
注意： （1）词数：80词左右，开头和结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）内容必须包含所提供的所有信息，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不得出现本人姓名和所在校名。
Dear Mike，
I'm glad to hear that you're planning to travel to Harbin during the winter holiday._____________
Wish you have a good time in Harbin!
Yours，
Li Hua
【考点】书信类；旅游景点．
【答案】Dear Mike，
I'm glad to hear that you're planning to travel to Harbin during the winter holiday.Located in northeast China，Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang Province.If you come here，you should first visit the Central Street，which is now the business street in Harbin.Secondly，you will visit the Ice and Snow World，you can watch ice sculptures of various shapes，skating and skiing and so on.Finally，you can try traditional dishes such as Harbin potted pork，frozen pear and so on.But when you come here，you need to keep warm and bring a camera.You also need to book your hotel online.I hope you enjoy your stay here.
Wish you have a good time in Harbin!
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
If you come here，you should first visit the Central Street，which is now the business street in Harbin.如果你来这里，你应该先参观一下中央大街，它现在是哈尔滨的商业街。if引导的条件状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I hope you enjoy your stay here.希望您在这里过得愉快。I hope+宾语从句。
【解答】Dear Mike，
I'm glad to hear that you're planning to travel to Harbin during the winter holiday.Located in northeast China，Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang Province. （简介）If you come here，you should first visit the Central Street，which is now the business street in Harbin.【高分句型一】Secondly，you will visit the Ice and Snow World，you can watch ice sculptures of various shapes，skating and skiing and so on.（景点推荐） Finally，you can try traditional dishes such as Harbin potted pork，frozen pear and so on. （美食推荐）But when you come here，you need to keep warm and bring a camera.You also need to book your hotel online.（建议） I hope you enjoy your stay here.【高分句型二】
Wish you have a good time in Harbin!
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
3．（2024秋 莘县期末）2024年元旦，国家主席习近平讲话做出宣示："我们要营造温暖和谐的社会氛围，拓展包容活跃的创新空间，创造便利舒适的生活条件，让大家心情愉悦，人生出彩、梦想成真。"
鉴于此，你们学校的英语报正以 Doing Our Part（从自身做起）为题举行征文活动，请根据下列表格提示的内容，用英语写一篇作文。
行为 作用
在家庭 ①帮助父母做家务 ②和父母多交流 ①让父母不要太累 ②……
在学校 ①与同学互帮互助 ②努力学习 ①创造友好环境 ②实现梦想
在社会 ①不要乱丢垃圾 ②…… ①美化环境 ②……
展望：我们每个人都积极行动，世界将会更加美好！
要求：
（1）表达清楚，上下连贯；
（2）必须包括所有相关信息，可适当发挥；
（3）词汇：100词左右，开头已给出，不计入字数。
（4）不得使用真实姓名、学校等。
Doing Our Part
As we have grown up，it's time for us to do something for our family，school and society.
________
【考点】说明文；日常生活．
【答案】
Doing Our Part
As we have grown up，it's time for us to do something for our family，school and society.At home，we should help our parents do the housework.They go to work during the daytime and they must be tired after a full day's work.We do the housework in order to let them have a rest.We should also talk with them more.It can help us understand each other better.
At school，we must do our best to work hard in order to go to a good college.We will learn new knowledge to work for our country in the future.We should help our classmates.If we can give a helping hand，our school will be a good place for us.It can create a friendly environment and realize our dreams.
In society，do not throw rubbish everywhere We should throw it into the dustbin.It can make our environment more beautiful.Don't use plastic bags when going shopping.We'd better use shopping baskets.If we use them too often，it will become white pollution.
In a word，if each of us does our part from now on，our world will become a better place.
【分析】【高分句型一】
At home，we should help our parents do the housework.在家里，我们应该帮助父母做家务。
should+动词原形，应该……
【高分句型二】
At school，we must do our best to work hard in order to go to a good college.在学校，为了上一所好大学，我们必须努力学习。
must+动词原形，必须……
【解答】
Doing Our Part
As we have grown up，it's time for us to do something for our family，school and society.At home，we should help our parents do the housework. 【高分句型一】They go to work during the daytime and they must be tired after a full day's work.We do the housework in order to let them have a rest.We should also talk with them more.It can help us understand each other better.（在家庭里）
At school，we must do our best to work hard in order to go to a good college. 【高分句型二】We will learn new knowledge to work for our country in the future.We should help our classmates.If we can give a helping hand，our school will be a good place for us.It can create a friendly environment and realize our dreams.（在学校）
In society，do not throw rubbish everywhere We should throw it into the dustbin.It can make our environment more beautiful.Don't use plastic bags when going shopping.We'd better use shopping baskets.If we use them too often，it will become white pollution.（在社会上）
In a word，if each of us does our part from now on，our world will become a better place.（展望）
【点评】为了提高文章档次，考生应在保证内容要点齐全的同时进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。因此，该类型的书面表达具有一定的灵活性，能较好地体现考生的英语思维能力。
4．（2024秋 庐阳区期末）在你的成长过程中，一定有很多值得你敬佩的人，比如你的父母、老师和朋友。假如你是李华，学校英语社团将举办"The person I admire"的演讲比赛，请你从中选择一位，根据要点提示并做适当发挥，用英文写一篇介绍此人的演讲稿。
要点：
（1）你最敬佩的人的基本状况；
（2）你敬佩他/她的原因；
（3）你的期望或者所思所悟。
注意：
（1）词数80﹣100；
（2）请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；
（3）信中不能出现与本人相关信息；
（4）文章的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Hello，everyone!I'm Li Hua The person I admire most is______.
That's all.Thanks for listening.
【考点】演讲稿；人物介绍．
【答案】 Hello，everyone!I'm Li Hua The person I admire most is Dr.Zhong Nanshan.He was born in October 1936 in Nanjing.He is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century.He is tall and very strong.But he looks very kind.
In 2020，when COVID﹣19 broke out，he led the doctors and nurses to rush to Wuhan at once.They worked day and night to fight the disease.They have saved thousands of people.
He's offered us some safety suggestions.First，we had better stay at home and avoid going out.Second，we must wear masks when going out.Third，wash our hands and do exercise as often as possible.
He is the person I admire most.In the future，I will also become a doctor to help those in need.
That's all.Thanks for listening.
【分析】【高分句型一】
In 2020 ，when COVID﹣19 broke out，he led the doctors and nurses to rush to Wuhan at once.
翻译：2020年，新冠肺炎疫情暴发，他带领医护人员赶赴武汉。
分析：when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
He's offered us some safety suggestions.
翻译：他给我们提了一些安全建议。
分析：offer sb sth给某人提供某物。
【解答】 Hello，everyone!I'm Li Hua The person I admire most is Dr.Zhong Nanshan.He was born in October 1936 in Nanjing.He is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century. （我最敬佩的人）He is tall and very strong.But he looks very kind.（基本情况）
In 2020，when COVID﹣19 broke out，he led the doctors and nurses to rush to Wuhan at once.【高分句型一】They worked day and night to fight the disease.They have saved thousands of people.（为什么敬佩他）
He's offered us some safety suggestions. 【高分句型二】First，we had better stay at home and avoid going out.Second，we must wear masks when going out.Third，wash our hands and do exercise as often as possible.（建议）
He is the person I admire most.In the future，I will also become a doctor to help those in need.（对我的启发）
That's all.Thanks for listening.
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
5．（2024秋 桐乡市期末）假设你是李华。你校英语网站正在举办以"感恩父母"为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示写一篇题为"A Letter to My Parents"的短文，讲述初中阶段父母为你做的事并表达你的感受。
A Letter to My Parents
Reasons of writing express my thanks...
Things they have done cook delicious food；take me to and from school； talk to me and give me advice...
Feelings help me grow；face difficulties bravely...
注意：
（1）短文必须包括表格中的所有内容，并适当发挥。
（2）文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。
（3）词数：80～100。
A Letter to My Parents
Dear Mum and Dad，
I'm writing to____________________________________________________________________
Love from，
Li Hua
【考点】书信类；家庭生活．
【答案】
A Letter to My Parents
Dear Mum and Dad，
I'm writing to to express my thanks for all your care and love.First of all，I want to thank you for raising me.I thank you for cooking delicious food for me every day，taking me to and from school and taking care of me when I'm sick.Once，I was ill.It was very late at night.You were very worried.You took me to the hospital at once and took care of me in the night.I would also like to thank you for your trust and care about my personal feelings.You help me grow and face difficulties bravely.At the same time，I wish you keep healthy and happy.
Thanks again for everything you have done for me.
Love from，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
I thank you for cooking delicious food for me every day，taking me to and from school and taking care of me when I'm sick.我感谢你们每天为我做美味的食物，带我上下学，在我生病的时候照顾我。when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
At the same time，I wish you keep healthy and happy.同时，我希望你们保持健康和快乐。I wish+宾语从句。
【解答】
A Letter to My Parents
Dear Mum and Dad，
I'm writing to to express my thanks for all your care and love.First of all，I want to thank you for raising me.（原因）I thank you for cooking delicious food for me every day，taking me to and from school and taking care of me when I'm sick.【高分句型一】Once，I was ill.It was very late at night.You were very worried.You took me to the hospital at once and took care of me in the night.（做的事情）I would also like to thank you for your trust and care about my personal feelings.You help me grow and face difficulties bravely.At the same time，I wish you keep healthy and happy.【高分句型二】（感受）
Thanks again for everything you have done for me.
Love from，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
6．（2024秋 宁河区期末）根据下面的提示，以"My volunteer activities"为题目写一篇短文。
（1）每周六你和爸爸、妈妈都会做志愿者。
（2）你们清扫楼梯、整理杂物，使环境焕然一新。
（3）你们帮助那些需要帮助的人，为他们送去温暖。
（4）越来越多的人加入到你们中来，你们的志愿活动也更丰富了。
（5）你认为……
提示如下：
（1）词数：80 100；
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
My volunteer activities
My father，my mother and I are volunteers._____
【考点】说明文；日常生活．
【答案】
My volunteer activities
My father，my mother and I are volunteers.We all enjoy helping others.My parents and I volunteer every Saturday.We clean the stairs and tidy up the clutter to make the environment look brand new.We help those in need and send warmth to them.We often go to nursing homes to help the elderly.More and more people are joining us，and our volunteer activities are becoming more diverse.I think volunteering is a great activity.If everyone gives a little love，the world will become better and better.
【分析】【高分句型一】
We clean the stairs and tidy up the clutter to make the environment look brand new.我们打扫楼梯，收拾杂物，使环境看起来焕然一新。
动词不定式作目的状语。
【高分句型二】
If everyone gives a little love，the world will become better and better.如果每个人都献出一点爱，世界就会变得越来越好。
if如果，引导条件状语从句。
【解答】
My volunteer activities
My father，my mother and I are volunteers.We all enjoy helping others.（点题）My parents and I volunteer every Saturday.We clean the stairs and tidy up the clutter to make the environment look brand new.【高分句型一】We help those in need and send warmth to them.We often go to nursing homes to help the elderly. （具体的志愿者活动）More and more people are joining us，and our volunteer activities are becoming more diverse.I think volunteering is a great activity.If everyone gives a little love，the world will become better and better. 【高分句型二】（感受和希望）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
7．（2023 沈阳）为了传承和弘扬中华民族的优良家风，学校英文社团开展主题为"孝亲敬长"的英语征文比赛。假定你是李华，请你写一篇征文参加比赛。内容包括：
（1）尊重的对象和原因；
（2）具体做法；
（3）发出号召。
【注意】
（4）词数 80﹣100，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
（5）短文须包括所给内容信息，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（6）作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。
Show respect for elders
Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years.____________
【考点】其他应用文写作；中华文化与传统．
【答案】
Show respect for elders
Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years.
We are supposed to show respect for our parents because they are the most trusted elders and help us solve problems when we are in trouble.
Here are some things we can do to show our respect.First，we can offer to help with housework such as leaning the dishes or sweeping the floor so that they can have a rest after a day's work.Second，don't make them angry and try to take their advice when we disagree with each other.Third，share your happiness and sorrow with them as they were once like you and have more experience than you expect.
Small actions can make a great difference.Let's show respect for our parents from now on!
【分析】【高分句型一】
We are supposed to show respect for our parents because they are the most trusted elders and help us solve problems when we are in trouble.我们应该尊重我们的父母，因为他们是最值得信赖的长辈，当我们遇到麻烦时，他们会帮助我们解决问题。when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
Here are some things we can do to show our respect.这里有一些我们可以做的事情来表达我们的尊重。倒装句。
【解答】
Show respect for elders
Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years.
We are supposed to show respect for our parents because they are the most trusted elders and help us solve problems when we are in trouble.【高分句型一】（尊重的对象和原因）
Here are some things we can do to show our respect.【高分句型二】First，we can offer to help with housework such as leaning the dishes or sweeping the floor so that they can have a rest after a day's work.Second，don't make them angry and try to take their advice when we disagree with each other.Third，share your happiness and sorrow with them as they were once like you and have more experience than you expect.（具体做法：首先，我们可以帮助他们做家务，比如洗碗或扫地，这样他们就可以在一天的工作后休息一下。第二，当我们意见不一致时，不要让他们生气，试着接受他们的建议。第三，与他们分享你的快乐和悲伤，因为他们曾经像你一样，比你想象的有更多的经验。）
Small actions can make a great difference.Let's show respect for our parents from now on!（发出号召）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
8．（2024秋 惠民县期末）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Matt给你发来一封求助邮件。请阅读邮件内容并进行回复。
Dear Li Hua， How's everything going？My Chinese teacher invited me to have dinner at her house next Sunday.I really want to behave properly，but I know nothing about Chinese table manners.Could you please give me some useful suggestions？ Yours， Matt
要求：
（1）要点齐全，包括至少三条建议，并适当发挥；
（2）文中不得出现真实姓名与校名；
（3）卷面整洁，书写美观，可适当加2﹣3分；
（4）80词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
____________
【考点】书信类；中华文化与传统．
【答案】Dear Matt，
You said you wanted to learn some table manners.Here's what I know.
When a dinner begins，first of all，the host will invite the guests to get seated.Then one major feature you should remember in China is that we use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.What's more，everyone should try to avoid making unpleasant noise while eating.Whenever a dish is served，the guests should try it first.Of course，as guests，you are supposed to express your thanks to the host after enjoying the dinner.Such are the basic tips about Chinese table manners.All in all， "When in China，do as the Chinese do." is your best choice.
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
Then one major feature you should remember in China is that we use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.
翻译：在中国，你应该记住的一个主要特点是我们用筷子吃饭而不是刀叉。
分析：句子里，修饰先行词one major feature，定语从句you should remember in China省略了关系词that/which；that引导表语从句we use chopsticks instead of knives and forks。
【高分句型一】
Whenever a dish is served，the guests should try it first.
翻译：凡是上菜的时候，都应该让客人先尝一尝。
分析：句子里，Whenever引导让步状语从句a dish is served
【解答】Dear Matt，
You said you wanted to learn some table manners.Here's what I know.
When a dinner begins，first of all，the host will invite the guests to get seated.（主人请客人先入座）Then one major feature you should remember in China is that we use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.【高分句型一】（使用筷子进餐）What's more，everyone should try to avoid making unpleasant noise while eating.（吃饭时不出声响）Whenever a dish is served，the guests should try it first.【高分句型二】（客人先动筷子）Of course，as guests，you are supposed to express your thanks to the host after enjoying the dinner.（餐毕客人向主人致谢） Such are the basic tips about Chinese table manners.All in all， "When in China，do as the Chinese do." is your best choice.（总结自己的建议）
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
9．（2024秋 天津期末）英语课上，老师要求你们讨论自己身边发生的事情，并在全班同学面前发表自己的看法。请你根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
要点提示如下：
（1）上周六晚上，你的好朋友李华去参加了朋友的生日派对；
（2）李华和朋友们在一起唱歌、玩游戏，他很开心；
（3）可是整晚李华父母都很担心；
（4）深夜回到家，李华无任何歉意，倒头就睡了；
（5）你认为……
要求：
（1）词数：80﹣100 词；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Boys and girls，
I'm happy to speak here and I'd like to talk about one thing which happened to my friend，Li Hua.
_______
That's all.Thank you!
【考点】演讲稿；日常生活．
【答案】Boys and girls，
I'm happy to speak here and I'd like to talk about one thing which happened to my friend，Li Hua.
Li Hua attended a friend's birthday party last Saturday night.He sang and played games with his friends together.He had a great time.However，his parents were worried throughout the night.Li Hua didn't return home until late at night，and he didn't show any sign of apology.Instead，he went straight to sleep.I think that it's important for us to understand the concerns of our parents and to communicate with them more.In this way，we can have a better understanding of each other and avoid misunderstandings.
That's all.Thank you!
【分析】【高分句型一】
Li Hua didn't return home until late at night，and he didn't show any sign of apology.
翻译：李华直到深夜才回家，而且他没有表现出任何道歉的迹象。
分析：句子中应用了and连接的并列句。
【高分句型二】
I think that it's important for us to understand the concerns of our parents and to communicate with them more.
翻译：我认为对我们来说，了解父母的担忧并与他们多沟通是很重要的。
分析：句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
【解答】Boys and girls，
I'm happy to speak here and I'd like to talk about one thing which happened to my friend，Li Hua.
Li Hua attended a friend's birthday party last Saturday night.He sang and played games with his friends together.He had a great time.（描述聚会的活动）However，his parents were worried throughout the night.Li Hua didn't return home until late at night，and he didn't show any sign of apology.【高分句型一】Instead，he went straight to sleep.（描述父母的担心与回家后的情况）I think that it's important for us to understand the concerns of our parents and to communicate with them more.【高分句型二】In this way，we can have a better understanding of each other and avoid misunderstandings.（表达观点）
That's all.Thank you!
【点评】这是一篇提纲作文，题目要求围绕提示内容写作，命题既有限制又给予学生发挥的空间。在写作中要综合运用所学知识，适当运用连词、副词等进行过渡。
10．（2024秋 滨海新区期末）当前，我国已经进入了老龄化社会。尊敬老人，是中华民族的传统美德，关爱老人应该从我们身边的小事做起。请根据下面的内容提示，写一篇短文。
（1）李奶奶是一位独居老人，她很善良，深受邻居尊重。
（2）上周六，李奶奶生病住院了，没有人照顾。
（3）李津和社区志愿者买了鲜花和水果去医院看望老人。
（4）他们帮助老人洗衣服，和老人聊天。
（5）李奶奶很开心，感觉好多了。
（6）你认为……
参考词汇：社区志愿者 community volunteer
和……聊天 chat with
要求：
（1）词数：80～100个。
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Grandma Li is an old woman，
_______
【考点】记叙文；中华文化与传统．
【答案】 Grandma Li is an old woman，who lives alone.She is kind to others，so she is greatly respected by neighbors.
Last Saturday，Grandma Li was ill in hospital.There was no one around taking care of her.So Li Jin and community volunteers went to the hospital to visit her with some flowers and fruit.In the hospital，some helped the old woman wash clothes，the others chatted with her.Grandma Li was very happy and felt much better.
From my point of view，if everyone gives a hand to someone who is in trouble，the world will be more beautiful and nicer.
【分析】 【高分句型一】
There was no one around taking care of her.周围没有人照顾她。There be句型。
【高分句型二】
From my point of view，if everyone gives a hand to someone who is in trouble，the world will be more beautiful and nicer.在我看来，如果每个人都帮助有困难的人，世界会变得更加美丽和美好。who引导的定语从句。
【解答】 Grandma Li is an old woman，who lives alone.She is kind to others，so she is greatly respected by neighbors.（李奶奶是一位独居老人，她很善良，深受邻居尊重。）
Last Saturday，Grandma Li was ill in hospital.There was no one around taking care of her. 【高分句型一】（上周六，李奶奶生病住院了，没有人照顾。）So Li Jin and community volunteers went to the hospital to visit her with some flowers and fruit.（李津和社区志愿者买了鲜花和水果去医院看望老人。）In the hospital，some helped the old woman wash clothes，the others chatted with her.（他们帮助老人洗衣服，和老人聊天。）Grandma Li was very happy and felt much better.（李奶奶很开心，感觉好多了。）
From my point of view，if everyone gives a hand to someone who is in trouble，the world will be more beautiful and nicer. 【高分句型二】（我的看法）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
11．（2024秋 隆安县期末）在2023年，你有什么新年愿望呢？比如：进入理想的高中学习；结交更多的朋友；让身体更加健康……请你以"My new year's wish"为题，向校刊Hear my voice英文专栏投稿，讲述你的一个新年愿望。
内容要点：
（1）你的一个新年愿望是什么：
（2）你为什么会许下这个愿望；
（3）你将如何去实现这个愿望。
注意：
（1）包含所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（2）文中不得透露个人信息；
（3）词数80左右（首句已给出，不计入总词数）。
My new year's wish
In the year of 2023，I have a wish.__________
【考点】说明文；计划与愿望．
【答案】
My new year's wish
In the year of 2023，I have a wish.My first resolution is about my physical health.Swimming is a good way to exercise.This year，I will take up swimming.Because I think swimming not only makes me physically strong，but also ensures my safety when I drown.I plan to participate in a swimming class during the holiday and find a professional teacher to teach me how to swim.At the same time，I also spend 2 hours practicing swimming every day.At last，I promise to keep all those resolutions although it is difficult for me.
【分析】【高分句型一】
This year，I will take up swimming.
今年，我要开始培养游泳的爱好。take up doing sth.着手做某事。
【高分句型二】
Because I think swimming not only makes me physically strong，but also ensures my safety when I drown.
因为我认为游泳不仅能让我的身体强壮，还能确保我溺水时的安全。when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】
My new year's wish
In the year of 2023，I have a wish.My first resolution is about my physical health.Swimming is a good way to exercise.（健康）This year，I will take up swimming. 【高分句型一】Because I think swimming not only makes me physically strong，but also ensures my safety when I drown.【高分句型二】（为什么） I plan to participate in a swimming class during the holiday and find a professional teacher to teach me how to swim.At the same time，I also spend 2 hours practicing swimming every day.（如何实现）At last ，I promise to keep all those resolutions although it is difficult for me.（保证遵守诺言）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
12．（2024秋 细河区期末）现在，某英文报纸就"A special photo"为题开展征文活动，请你与他人一起来分享照片背后的故事吧。
内容提示：
（1）What is your photo about？
（2）When was it taken？
（3）Why is it special？
要求：中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，体现真情实感，书写规范；词数不少于70词。
__________
【考点】记叙文；日常生活．
【答案】
A special photo
On the first page of my photo album，it's a photo which shows a group of football players cheering and jumping for joy.
It was taken last October after our girls' football team won the final match.Whenever I see this photo，I can remember the match that we experienced together.We didn't play well until we played against Class Three in the final match.They passed and controlled the ball so perfectly that we were not even in with a chance to touch the ball.Some of my teammates began to lose heart，but our head teacher encouraged us in time at half﹣time.She said， "You will only really lose if you give up.Cheer up，girls.I trust you." We got the courage and confidence and played better as a team.At last，we won the match by the score 2 to 1.
This photo records a special and wonderful memory for me and I also learn there's no success without effort.I will keep this special photo forever.
【分析】【高分句型一】
On the first page of my photo album，it's a photo which shows a group of football players cheering and jumping for joy.在我相册的第一页上，有一张显示了一群足球运动员欢呼雀跃的照片。
which 引导的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
They passed and controlled the ball so perfectly that we were not even in with a chance to touch the ball.他们完美地传球和控球，我们甚至没有机会触球。
so...that...如此……以致于……，引导结果状语从句。
【解答】
A special photo
On the first page of my photo album，it's a photo which shows a group of football players cheering and jumping for joy.【高分句型一】（点题）
It was taken last October after our girls' football team won the final match.（照照片的时间）Whenever I see this photo，I can remember the match that we experienced together.We didn't play well until we played against Class Three in the final match.They passed and controlled the ball so perfectly that we were not even in with a chance to touch the ball.【高分句型二】Some of my teammates began to lose heart，but our head teacher encouraged us in time at half﹣time.She said， "You will only really lose if you give up.Cheer up，girls.I trust you." We got the courage and confidence and played better as a team.At last，we won the match by the score 2 to 1.（特别的原因）
This photo records a special and wonderful memory for me and I also learn there's no success without effort. （照片的意义）I will keep this special photo forever.
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
13．（2024 浙江一模）假设为宣传环保理念，践行环保措施，学校正在开展"环保从我做起"的演讲比赛。根据以下内容提示，写一篇英语演讲稿，向同学们发出环保倡议。
内容提示：
（1）步行或骑自行车上学
（2）随手关灯，节约用水
（3）尽量不使用塑料制品
（4）使用可循环利用物品
（5）将废弃物分类后再丢弃
（6）其他做法……（补充一点）
参考词汇：recyclable things 可循环利用物品
要求：（1）词数：80～100个。
（2）短文的开头和结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Dear friends，
Today I'm going to give a talk about environmental protection.
As students，______
That's all.Thanks for your listening.
【考点】倡议书；环境保护．
【答案】Dear friends，
Today I'm going to give a talk about environmental protection.
As students，firstly，we can start by walking or cycling to school instead of using motorized vehicles.Secondly，it is crucial to remember to turn off the lights and save water whenever possible.Thirdly，we should try to reduce our use of plastic products and reuse or recycle those we already have.Using recyclable things is also a great way to minimize waste.In addition，let's practice waste sorting and dispose of our trash responsibly.Lastly，we can plant more trees to protect the environment.By making small changes in our daily lives，we can together create a greener and healthier world.
That's all.Thanks for your listening.
【分析】【高分句型一】
Thirdly，we should try to reduce our use of plastic products and reuse or recycle those we already have.
翻译：第三，我们应该尽量减少塑料制品的使用，并重新使用或回收那些我们已经拥有的。
分析：句子中应用了省略that的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
In addition，let's practice waste sorting and dispose of our trash responsibly.
翻译：此外，让我们练习垃圾分类，负责任地处理我们的垃圾。
分析：句子中应用了以动词原形开头的祈使句。
【解答】Dear friends，
Today I'm going to give a talk about environmental protection.
As students，firstly，we can start by walking or cycling to school instead of using motorized vehicles.（步行或骑车上学）Secondly，it is crucial to remember to turn off the lights and save water whenever possible.（随手关灯和节约用水）Thirdly，we should try to reduce our use of plastic products and reuse or recycle those we already have.【高分句型一】Using recyclable things is also a great way to minimize waste.（不使用塑料制品，使用可循环物品）In addition，let's practice waste sorting and dispose of our trash responsibly.【高分句型二】（垃圾分类的做法）Lastly，we can plant more trees to protect the environment.（种植树木）By making small changes in our daily lives，we can together create a greener and healthier world.
That's all.Thanks for your listening.
【点评】这是一篇提纲作文，题目要求围绕提示内容写作，命题既有限制又给予学生发挥的空间。在写作中要综合运用所学知识，适当运用连词、副词等进行过渡。
14．（2024秋 龙门县期末）书面表达。请根据要求完成短文写作，并将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。
你是否曾经对父母的千叮万嘱感到抱怨？你是否想象过独自在家的情况呢？假如你是李华，你的朋友Amy想和你交流独自在家的一次经历，请你用英语给她写一封信。
内容包括：
①简单描述一次独自在家的经历（原因、活动和感受）；
②就青少年独自在家如何照顾自己提出两点建议；
③期待她的回复。
作文要求：
A．不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
B．语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Amy，
I'm glad that I can share my experience at home alone with you .________
Yours，
Li Hua
【考点】书信类；日常生活．
【答案】Dear Amy，
I'm glad that I can share my experience at home alone with you.
Last month，my parents were on business for three days.During these three days，I got up on time and went to school on foot.After school，I did my homework first，and then I tried to cook.Although I burned my food，I still liked it.Also，I cleaned up the house.When my parents came back，they were so proud of me that I felt very happy!
In my opinion，we should be careful with the safety at home.Make sure you lock the door and windows.And remember to turn off the electricity.
Have you ever been at home alone？I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
【分析】【高分句型一】
Although I burned my food，I still liked it.虽然我把食物烧焦了，但我还是喜欢它。
although引导的让步状语从句。
【高分句型二】
When my parents came back，they were so proud of me that I felt very happy!当我的父母回来时，他们为我感到骄傲，我感到非常高兴!
when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】Dear Amy，
I'm glad that I can share my experience at home alone with you.（点题）
Last month，my parents were on business for three days.During these three days，I got up on time and went to school on foot.After school，I did my homework first，and then I tried to cook.Although I burned my food，I still liked it.【高分句型一】Also，I cleaned up the house.When my parents came back，they were so proud of me that I felt very happy!【高分句型二】（一次独自在家的经历）
In my opinion，we should be careful with the safety at home.Make sure you lock the door and windows.And remember to turn off the electricity.（建议）
Have you ever been at home alone？I am looking forward to your reply.（期待）
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
15．（2024秋 沐川县期末）国家提出将"劳动教育（labour education ）"纳入中小学课程方案，请结合自身的劳动经历，谈谈你对劳动教育的看法，内容包括：
自身的劳动经历及感受 学习生活技能，有利健康；像锻炼一样，有助于努力学习后的放松， …
对学校开设劳动课程的建议 在家 ：收拾碗碟 ，扫地 …… 在校：打扫教室；浇花浇树……
自身的劳动经历及感受 提供各种不同的劳动课程；举办有关劳动技能的竞赛……
要求：
（1）文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名；
（2）包含以上表格内所有信息，可适当发挥；
（3）词数80左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
It's reported that labor education has been included in the education of middle schools and primary schools in China.I think _____________
【考点】议论文；教育．
【答案】 It's reported that labor education has been included in the education of middle schools and primary schools in China.I think it is good for us students to learn more life skills and good for our health.It can help relax after the hard study just like doing some exercise.
At home I often help parents do the dishes，wash clothes and sweep the floor.At school I clean the classroom and water flowers and trees.I can not only keep healthy，but also develop good habits from it.
For our school，I think it can offer some more different kinds of labour classes，and hold some competitions about labour skills.I'm sure students will like these activities very much.
【分析】【高分句型一】
For our school，I think it can offer some more different kinds of labour classes，and hold some competitions about labour skills.对于我们学校来说，我认为它可以提供更多不同种类的劳动课程，并举办一些关于劳动技能的比赛。I think+宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure students will like these activities very much.我相信学生们会非常喜欢这些活动的。I'm sure+宾语从句。
【解答】 It's reported that labor education has been included in the education of middle schools and primary schools in China.I think it is good for us students to learn more life skills and good for our health.It can help relax after the hard study just like doing some exercise. （自身的劳动经历及感受）
At home I often help parents do the dishes，wash clothes and sweep the floor.At school I clean the classroom and water flowers and trees.I can not only keep healthy，but also develop good habits from it.（对学校开设劳动课程的建议）
For our school，I think it can offer some more different kinds of labour classes，and hold some competitions about labour skills. 【高分句型一】I'm sure students will like these activities very much.【高分句型二】（自身的劳动经历及感受）
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
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