资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项培优 说明文
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 锦江区校级期末）What was the life like in the past？Let's have a look together!
Today people usually enjoy two﹣day weekends.Did people in ancient China have a weekend？No.But they had their own way to relax.During the Han Dynasty，after people worked for five days，they could relax for a day.During the Tang Dynasty，they had to work for another five days and then they could have one day to relax.From then on，people could relax on special festivals.During the Ming and Qing dynasties，people could even relax on the emperors' birthdays.
In summer，it's easy for us to stay cool and comfortable with an air conditioner（空调）.How did people get through hot summer in the past？As early as the Zhou Dynasty，some workers' job was to find ice in winter and keep them for next summer.When it came，people could use them to make their rooms cooler.The ice could also be used to make cold drinks.
Are takeouts new？Of course not.People in the Song Dynasty already had it.The emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeouts late at night.His servants would go and find dishes and bring them back to mon people also ordered takeouts.Restaurant waiters would go on streets and tell people about the dishes they could order that day.After ordering food，customers could wait for the dishes at home.
（1）In which sentence can we put in the underlined word ancient in the passage？ 　 　
A.Everyone should play a part in saving the _______environment.
B.The painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival showed us a picture of _______ life.
C.It's _______ to visit museums often and open up our eyes.
（2）How often did people in the Tang Dynasty relax？ 　 　
A.Almost 3 times a month.
B.Almost 4 times a month.
C.Almost 5 times a month.
（3）Which question is answered in the passage？ 　 　
A.Why could people relax on the emperors' birthdays？
B.How did people in ancient times keep ice for next summer？
C.Who would order takeouts from restaurants in the Song Dynasty？
（4）Which sentence could show the feeling of students after reading the passages？ 　 　
A.What a poor life people lived in the past!
B.Life in the past was more wonderful than I thought.
C.Oh，I look forward to living a life like them one day!
（5）In which part of a magazine can we read these passages？ 　 　
A.Travel around the World
B.Food and Holiday
C.History and Culture
2．（2024秋 思明区校级期末）Do you doodle（信手涂鸦）when you feel bored？Do you think about the meaning of your doodles？
All those doodles you draw actually show something about you.
You are a person who feels a lot and cares too much about what others say about you.You often put on a strong front and never show your weak side.When something upsets you，you can talk about it with your friends so that you will feel better.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do.You dream of living life to the fullest.The only thing you don't like is being bored.You need to take a serious look at life and start making better choices.
You're a person who is ambitious（有雄心的）and organized.You don't like being lazy and you work very hard.But sometimes you may become self﹣centered.Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you，you bring the focus to yourself，talking about your life.You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self﹣control（约束）.You follow your dreams without comparing yourself with others.Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone（舒适区）and try new things that get your heart racing.
（1）How does the writer start the passage？ 　 　
A.By telling reasons.
B.By showing results.
C.By listing numbers.
D.By asking questions.
（2）Tara learned that it was better for her to share her unhappy feelings with her friends.Which picture may she draw like？ 　 　
A.Picture 1.
B.Picture 2.
C.Picture 3.
D.Picture 4.
（3）What's writer's advice for a boy who is very active and always looks happy in the passage？ 　 　
A.Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
B.Talk with his friends about the things he's worried about.
C.Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
D.Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
（4）What does the underlined word "focus" mean in Chinese in the passage？ 　 　
A.条件
B.问题
C.目的
D.焦点
（5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A.A self﹣centered person may not be a good listener.
B.A person with a strong self﹣control may not be clever.
C.A person who draws like picture 1 doesn't have weak sides.
D.A person who draws like picture 2 enjoys doing the same thing.
3．（2024秋 思明区校级期末）Xunpu is a small fishing village in Fujian Province.Last year，a few ladies took pictures there and shared them online.In the photos，their hair was tied into buns（发髻）and they wore special local headdresses with fresh，colorful flowers.The headdresses are called"Zanhuawei."The photos became very popular online then.Many tourists started to come to the village to experience Zanhuawei.
The tradition of wearing flowers has been a part of local life since the Tang Dynasty.The village is famous for its good and fresh seafood.When women villagers sell their seafood at the local market，they put flowers in their hair.In this way，buyers can tell them from other sellers and see them more clearly.The tradition is also seen at happy events such as weddings（婚礼）.Local people send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers.In turn，their women guests wear the flowers they receive to the event.
▲Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples（太阳穴）.Teenagers，around the age of 13，tie their hair into a round bun and put fresh flowers in it.Middle﹣aged women often wear spiral（螺旋的）buns.They put flowers and gold ornaments（金饰）in their hair.As for elderly women，they prefer red flowers，head scarves and other ornaments.
"If you put flowers in your hair in this life，"the local people believe，"you'll also be pretty in the afterlife."In 2008，the tradition of flower﹣wearing among Xunpu women was listed as part of China's intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）.Besides，people in Xunpu are taking more actions to protect this traditional art.
（1）Why do women sellers put flowers in their hair at the local market according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Because it is a good way to make them look beautiful.
B.Because it is easier for them to sell their good seafood.
C.Because they are invited to take part in the wedding.
D.Because they get the flowers from the invitation cards.
（2）Which of the following can be put in ▲ in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.Local people send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers.
B.However，the custom of men wearing flowers do not last long.
C.There are different headdress designs for wearers of different ages.
D.Competitions for women in designing Zanhuawei are popular.
（3）Who wears flowers the most properly and correctly according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Lily，8 years old，tie her hair into a round bun with fresh flowers.
B.Jenny，15 years old，wears flowers on both sides of her temples.
C.Anna，30 years old，put flowers and gold ornaments in her spiral bun.
D.Amy，65 years old，wears a red headscarf with gold flowers.
（4）If the passage goes on，what would the writer most probably talk about in the next paragraph？ 　 　
A.Who can wear Zanhuawei.
B.Why Zanhuawei is popular.
C.How to make Zanhuawei.
D.How to protect Zanhuawei.
（5）In which unit of a textbook can we most likely find the passage？ 　 　
A.Unit 1 The World of Flowers
B.Unit 2 Traditions in China
C.Unit 3 Tourists Around the World
D.Unit 4 Festivals in the World
4．（2024秋 硚口区期末）
___________ Early in the morning，everybody is in a hurry.But the roads are very busy.Can we take an air taxi to go from one place to another one day？The Chinese company EHang says that this may not be very far away.Its EH2 l6﹣S is an electrical aircraft （电动飞行器）.Now，the aircraft has the world's first official permit （官方许可证） to fly people without a pilot.
Drive your robot Driving a robot is not just something from books or movies.This is Archax，a human﹣like robot from Japan.It is about 4.5 meters tall.Users can sit inside its chest （胸口） and drive it.It can move 10 kilometers per hour.Users can also control （控制） its arms and hands.
Police have a new helper To make people safe，New York City is asking robots for help.The police there have a new helper.It is K5.Does it look like a big and strong bear？K5 works in a subway station between midnight and 6 am.It can record （录制） videos with cameras on its head.It has a button.Press it.People can ask a question or report a crime to the police.
（1）In which section of the newspaper can we read the news above？ 　 　
A.Technology.
B.Culture.
C.Studying.
D.Business.
（2）What is the right order of the pictures to match the texts？ 　 　
A. ①②③
B. ①③②
C. ②③①
D. ③②①
（3）The best heading for the first piece of news would be 　 　.
A.A great aircraft
B.Air taxi is coming
C.The first permit
D.A dream come true
（4）It's clear that 　 　.
A.people can drive Air taxi by themselves
B.K5 is working nights in a subway station
C.Archax can walk about 100 kilometers in a day
D.passengers （乘客） can take EH216﹣S in the streets now
（5）Through the news above，the editor might want to tell 　 　.
A.robots can't help people all the time
B.people are more interested in the future life
C.police can bring people much sense of safety
D.high﹣tech products are changing people's life
5．（2024秋 硚口区期末）With an app （应用软件） called Slowly，I've made pen pals from all over the world!
I started by choosing topics I was interested in，including the future world，economics （经济学） and psychology （心理）.The app would then match me with people with the same interests.Then I met my first，and so far，best pen pal.
Her name is Emma.She's the same age as me.She is studying in London，UK.We share stories about our school life.We read books together and talk about them.We also discuss the economy and the future of the world.
Later，we also tried video chatting （聊天）.Even though I didn't speak very good English，she would listen patiently （耐心地） and help me correct myself.We will give each other birthday gifts and meet up in the future.I feel that although we are in different parts of the world， ★ .
With that app，I also made pen pals from the US，France，Austria and Belgium.We talked about our favorite films，the beautiful scenery （风景） and the cultures of our countries.My pen pals are like sunshine，lighting up all the beauty in my life.
（1）How does the writer get to know Emma？ 　 　
A.By calling at her.
B.By using the app.
C.By visiting her.
D.By e﹣mailing her.
（2）How does Slowly work？ 　 　
A.It help pen pals read books together.
B.Visitors share stories after discussing.
C.People try video chatting before meeting up.
D.Users choose the topic first before matching with people.
（3）According to the passage，the writer cares about all of the following except 　 　.
A.the future world
B.films and psychology
C.sunshine and videos
D.economics and scenery
（4）Which of the following can be put in ★ ？ 　 　
A.our hearts are connected
B.I have much to tell her
C.we both can use English
D.we have nothing in common
（5）Which words can best describe the writer of this passage？ 　 　
A.Serious and quiet.
B.Hard﹣working and kind.
C.Fantastic and polite.
D.Outgoing and knowledgeable.
6．（2024秋 长清区期末）For those who make New Year's resolutions，exercising more and losing weight is often at the top of the list，but whether your goals are to improve your health，save money or travel more，it can be hard to actually keep the resolutions.
So what causes some people to fail year after year when it comes to making resolutions，while others are successful？A company surveyed 75，000 people and found that only 21 percent of them made resolutions.Of those who made resolutions，about 41 percent said they stuck with them.
This is where things get interesting：24 percent of women reported setting resolutions，compared to 18 percent of men.But while women were more likely to set new year's goals，men were better at sticking to theirs，especially as they grew older.Among the participants（参与者），51.5 percent of men met their goals，compared to 42.6 percent of women who reported meeting theirs.
No matter what your goal is，it's important to remember that over 80 percent of people drop New Year's resolutions by February，
So，if you want to keep your New Year's resolutions，try to set small goals of action to make your New Year's resolutions last from January to December and beyond.
（1）What kind of the New Year's resolution do most people make？ 　 　
A.Exercise more.
B.Travel more.
C.Save money.
D.Get good grades.
（2）How many people made resolutions according to the survey？ 　 　
A.30，750.
B.15，750.
C.6，458.
D.15，000.
（3）What does the word "stuck" probably mean in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.放弃
B.坚持
C.平衡
D.忘记
（4）Which paragraph can be added by the sentence "They will even forget them completely by the end of the year"？ 　 　
A.Paragraph 2.
B.Paragraph 3.
C.Paragraph 4.
D.Paragraph 5.
（5）Which is true according to the passage？ 　 　
A.More men set resolutions than women.
B.Women stuck to resolutions worse than men.
C.Half of the people stuck with their resolutions.
D.We could set great goals to keep the resolutions.
7．（2024秋 泸西县期末）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确"T"，错误"F"）。
Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking（竞走）.A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5，000 steps a day.The results of the study are from QQ users.About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favorite exercise；over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose riding bikes.
Fast walking and running are easy，cost（花费） little and work well，so they are popular.And many people prefer（更喜欢） doing exercise in nature to going to gyms.It's best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at one time and walk up to 6，000 steps every day.
The study also shows that people in Guiyang，Guizhou love sports most.On average（平均），everyone there walks 5，941 steps every day.It seems that people in places with better environment and air are more willing to do sports.
（1）Fast walking has become the most popular exercise around the world now. 　 　
（2）Lots of Chinese people walk more than 5，000 steps a day. 　 　
（3）Fast walking is difficult to do and costs lots of money. 　 　
（4）The study shows that people in Guiyang like sports most. 　 　
（5）The passage tells us something about running and riding bikes. 　 　
8．（2024秋 泸西县期末）Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat，but how you eat.Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others.It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits.If you usually eat with your parents，you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body.Ask yourself if you are really hungry.Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty（口渴的）.Sometimes you are just thirsty，you need no food.Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.After you don't eat for the past ten hours，your body needs food to keep you going.You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks（零食） like fruit，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.It's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of potato chips instead of a meal.
Don't eat dinner late.With our busy life，we always eat supper until the last minute.Try to eat supper at least 3 hours before you go to bed.This will give your body a chance to digest more of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.
（1）The writer gives us 　 　pieces of advice on healthy eating.
A.five
B.six
C.seven
D.eight
（2）Which snack is NOT mentioned（提及） in the passage？ 　 　
A.Fruit.
B.Yogurt.
C.Cheese.
D.Ice﹣cream.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Snacks are bad for our health.
B.We should keep eating until we are full.
C.Dinner is the most important meal of the day.
D.We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.
（4）The underlined word "digest" means " 　 　"in Chinese.
A.存储
B.降温
C.消化
D.杀菌
（5）The passage mainly tells us 　 　.
A.how to eat
B.what to eat
C.why to eat
D.when to cook
9．（2024秋 南华县期末）根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项。
Every one of us，rich or poor，should at least have one or two good friends.Your friends will listen to you when you speak，will take care of you when you are sick，and will be together with you on your journey through life.
Everyone needs friends Friendship can make us happier.How can we find a good friend and get on well with each other？Here is some advice.
★Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with.
★You should make friends with a person who has something in common with you.
★Give your fiend a hand when he or she is in trouble.Friends should always be ready to help each other.
★Believe in each other.This is the most important thing in a friendship.
★Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes.
And you may say something to hurt（伤害）each other.If this happens，don't let your quarrel last too long.Try to make up（和好）with your friends soon.
Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life.It is like a bottle of wine.The longer it is kept，the better it will be.
（1）You should 　 　him or her when your friend is in trouble.
A.laugh
B.watch
C.teach
D.help
（2）What does the underlined word "quarrel" mean？ 　 　
A.打算
B.争吵
C.理由
D.借口
（3）What is a friendship like？ 　 　
A.A cup of tea.
B.A bowl of soup.
C.A glass of water.
D.A bottle of wine.
（4）From the passage，we know that 　 　.
A.friendship can make us sad
B.we should have lots of good friends
C.we can make friends with a person who is easy to get along with
D.we shouldn't make friends with a person who has something in common with us
（5）Which is the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.How to Find a Good Friend
B.Good Friendship
C.All Kinds of Friends
D.Our Friendship
10．（2024秋 南华县期末）Each country and culture has its own set of public（公共的）holidays and festivals.Some of these holidays and festivals are common across the world.But there are many other holidays that are unknown.
Blessed Rainy Day
Life in a county where it rains a lot can be hard.In Bhutan，Blessed Rainy Day is the holiday marking the end of the rainy season.On this day，everyone is encouraged to enjoy a bath out of the house to wash away bad luck.
Punch Your Neighbor Festival
The cities of Potosi and Macha in Bolivia hold the festival in the Bolivian Andes Mountains in May every year.It is celebrated by thousands of people and it is based on（基于）the Quechuae word "Tinku" that means "meeting".The meaning of the word has become worse as it is celebrated with beatings（殴打）that can really hurt people now.
Melon Day
Turkmenistan's Melon Day is a celebration of their national fruit.It takes place（发生）in August.Thousands of mouth﹣watering melons will be sent to the county's capital Ashgabat on Sunday to celebrate the holiday.
Haxey Hood
It is on January 6th in England.The Haxey Hood game in England has a big group of people trying to push a small leather tube（皮管）towards one of the four pubs（酒馆）in town，where it will stay until the following year's game.When a person has the tube，he can't run with it.He has to pass it to people in his team.
（1）How do people celebrate Blessed Rainy Day？ 　 　
A.By playing in the rain.
B.By throwing water on people.
C.By taking a bath outdoors.
D.By having a shower in the bathroom.
（2）When is Melon Day？ 　 　
A.In December.
B.In August.
C.In May.
D.In January.
（3）What can we know about Punch Your Neighbor Festival？ 　 　
A.It can be dangerous.
B.Most people hate it.
C.It encourages people to love each other.
D.It is the most interesting festival.
（4）What should people do in the Haxey Hood game？ 　 　
A.Dance with a leather tube.
B.Run with a leather tube.
C.Push a leather tube towards a pub.
D.Drink with a leather tube.
（5）Where can we find the passage？ 　 　
A.In a novel（小说）.
B.In a poster（海报）.
C.In an advertisement（广告）.
D.In a newspaper.
11．（2024秋 高新区期末）
Time flies and it's the start of 2024 already.How was your year？Let's look at the teenagers from different places using one word to describe their 2023.
Lin Hui， 14，Guangdong Change When thinking about 2023，the word "change" comes to my mind.I learned how to change myself in 2023.I am no longer a boy who always asks family for help.I got good at planning time and tried to solve more difficult problems.I stopped computer games and took up some new hobbies，like painting and programming.I learned to join in meaningful social activities and do what I could.to stop environmental pollution.
Irina Gavrilova， 16，Russia As a Russian girl who loves ice﹣skating，practicing on the ice in 2023 was a journey of hard work.Every day I danced on the cold ice.With each fall，I found that hard work is not just about how much time you spent.It's about how greatly you want to succeed in something.Through hard work，it brought out the best in myself.In 2023，I realized that you can never give up；you need to go after your dream，then everything will work out.
Xiao Hanxi， 15，Sichuan Thankful The year 2023 has made me thankful for the experiences that I came across.In May，I celebrated my 15th birthday with my family.The light of the candles on my cake gave me hope.I want to thank my mom for taking so good care of me.In 2023，I took an active part in different activities，like art and science festivals.They gave me more challenges （挑战） as well as chances.For this reason，I also have to thank myself.People around me made my year special!
（1）What did Lin Hui learn to do last year？ 　 　
A.Ask family for help.
B.Plan time well.
C.Play computer games.
（2）Which word can be put in to best describe Irina's 2023？ 　 　
A.Successful
B.Colorful
C.Hard﹣working
（3）Why is Xiao Hanxi thankful for herself in 2023？ 　 　
A.She celebrated her 15 b birthday.
B.Her mother took good care of her.
C.She took part in different activities.
（4）Which of the following statement is an opinion？ 　 　
A.I took up some new hobbies.
B.I realized that you can never give up.
C.I celebrated my birthday with my family.
（5）What is the purpose of this passage？ 　 　
A.To share the teenagers' change.
B.To describe the difficulty the teenagers faced.
C.To express the teenagers' feelings about last year.
12．（2024秋 高新区期末）Welcome to life in 2045!You get up in the morning and look into the mirror!You've had a new anti﹣aging treatment （治疗），so you look like a 30﹣year﹣old.And many people at your age could live to be 120 now，so at 60 you're not old at all.
Science has also found great ways to keep people healthy.Nanotechnology （纳米技术） can help treat a lot of illnesses.And if any part of your body is unhealthy，you can "grow" a new one in a laboratory （实验室）.
As you get dressed，you say to your shirt， "Turn red." It becomes red.In 2045，smart clothes have something special that carries energy （能量）.So you can program clothes to change colors or patterns （样式）.
On the way to the kitchen，you want to call a friend.Your cell phone is by the window because it gets its energy from the sun.But you don't need to pick up the phone.You can just touch your jacket to make the call.
It's breakfast time.You reach for the milk，but a voice says， "Don't drink that!" Your fridge knows the milk is old，and tells the supermarket to replace it.Ten minutes later，you can get fresh milk from a flying robot.
As you leave for work，the lights turn off by themselves.Your home goes into "sleep" to save energy.In 2045，cars drive themselves，so you just tell your driverless car where you want to go.
Will all this come true？Maybe the future is much closer than we think.
（1）How will nanotechnology help keep people healthy？ 　 　
A.It will make illnesses disappear.
B.It will help grow new body parts at home.
C.It will help solve many health problems.
（2）What can smart clothes do in 2045？ 　 　
A.They can warm up milk.
B.They can change their colors.
C.They can help cook in the kitchen.
（3）What does the underlined word "replace" in Paragraph 5 mean？ 　 　
A.get ready for
B.take the place of
C.play a role in
（4）What can we learn about the future from the passage？ 　 　
A.People don't think age 60 is old.
B.Cars can drive themselves without people's order.
C.The future is further away than we think.
（5）Where can the passage be found？ 　 　
A.In a movie poster.
B.In a science magazine.
C.In a medical report.
13．（2024秋 高新区期末）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂"A"，错误的涂"B"。
If you often travel by train，it is usual for you to hear others' loud phone calls or the sounds of kids.But some people want to have a peaceful trip.Luckily，the solution is on its way.
Starting on Dec 23，the Beijing﹣Shanghai high﹣speed railway （铁路） gives a quiet carriage （车厢） service.It would create a quieter and more comfortable environment for passengers （乘客），China State Railway Group said.
In the quiet carriage，passengers can't put their phones and computers on speaker.But it's OK for them to change their phones to "shake" or "quiet".Also，they can make phone calls in the hallway.
If passengers can follow the rules，they will be able to choose the quiet carriages when buying train tickets on .
Many are looking forward to this choice. "With the quiet carriage，I can enjoy some peaceful time on the train with people who have the same idea，" Yin Yue，a high﹣speed rail passenger in Beijing，told China Daily.
However，some think that this could make people think wrongly.Yang Hongshan，a doctor of Renmin University of China，said that people might think that they needn't keep quiet in normal carriages.
More than giving passengers quiet carriage service，the company should take action to educate passengers on how to keep quiet during train trips in normal carriages，Yang said.
（1）There is already a way to help people enjoy a quiet trip on the train. 　 　
（2）People can't bring their phones or computers to the quiet carriage. 　 　
（3）You'd better not choose the quiet carriage unless you can follow the rules. 　 　
（4）People don't need to keep quiet in normal carriages at all. 　 　
（5）From the passage，we can know that following the rules is as important as enjoying a quiet trip. 　 　
14．（2024秋 江汉区期末）From the early days of science fiction，movies have given us a picture of the future.When we see a movie，we understand it from different points of view. "Can it be true？How's that possible？" People often talk to themselves when watching science fiction movies.If you are a doctor，you may think： "That man would die that fall." If you are a physical scientist： "That's not how black holes work." And if you're me，it's more like： "What a silly idea of future personal technology （科技）!"
Sometimes，it makes me crazy when sci﹣fi movie makers dream up things.On the other hand，some movies show technologies that are so practical.People make them in the real world.Star Trek's self﹣opening doors are now commonly seen at store and hotel，and the driverless cars from Total Recall （and many other movies） are already on roads.
It's clear that Hollywood's film makers have put serious thoughts into the things we'll someday carry.For example，there's a Siri﹣like voice assistant （助手） in a movie named Her.Her boss talks to her through an earbud （耳机），through which he gets a surprising number of things done such as looking through e﹣mails and news stories，sending messages and so on.When he needs a picture for the communication，the picture will show up after opening his phone.
My only question with Her is that nobody ever gives an order by saying something like "Hey，Siri." How do the movie's computers know when you're speaking to them？Otherwise，it would make a great movie.
People go crazy over the idea：having all the power （功能） of a smartphone without really needing a smartphone.We won't see this happen in the real world，though.
Most of these movies，however，still get one thing wrong：Computers make strange sounds like birds singing as their words and pictures appear.Why do movie makers think adding silly sounds make their machines cooler？We're never going to like that.
（1）Which way of writing is used in Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A.Giving examples.
B.Listing numbers.
C.Beginning with a joke.
D.Showing pictures.
（2）The driverless cars 　 　.
A.have no future in science
B.are everywhere on roads
C.help you enter a hotel
D.are dreams came true
（3）The Siri﹣like voice assistant in Paragraph 3 　 　.
A.is in the shape of an earbud
B.sees her boss as a human servant
C.talks like a human
D.can draw beautiful pictures by hand
（4）What will probably happen according to last two paragraphs？ 　 　
A.We don't need smartphones anymore.
B.We don't add cooler sounds to our phones.
C.People like their computers make louder sounds.
D.People enjoy a room full of noisy computers.
（5）What would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.How Well do Movies Predict Our Tech Future？
B.What Can We Believe in Movies？
C.Predictions in Movies are Future Life
D.Sci﹣fi Movies Get Everything Wrong
15．（2024秋 江汉区期末）Dogs are not just our friends.They can also be heroes （英雄），saving people's lives.
Ed Crane from the US shared his story about his seizure alert dog （癫痫服务犬） called Zern in a video interview.Zhang Mei，a Xiaohongshu user，posted the video recently on the app after meeting Crane and Zern on a plane，and it got 92，000 likes in just four days.
Crane has seizure and that's why he got Zern.According to Crane，Zern can predict a seizure within an hour before it happens and "tell" him by touching his legs. "Since having Zern，I haven't had any injuries （受伤）." said Crane.But how does Zern，a dog do this？
In a study showed in 2019 in Nature，scientists found that seizures have special smells，and dogs，with their unbelievable sense of smell，can catch these special smells.Zern，trained by Canine Partners for Life，a group in the US，can smell the unique smell Crane gives off before a seizure.Then Zern quickly touches Crane's legs to tell him. ★
Without this early warning a seizure could make someone fall over.If it happens during activities like swimming or taking a shower alone，it can be very dangerous.A seizure service dog like Zern can stop injuries from seizures.More importantly，they give people like Ed Crane greater comfort and freedom.
（1）We can know Zern 　 　.
A.became famous in TikTok by a video
B.was a hero who saved everyone's life
C.could catch some common smells
D.could keep its owner's safety from seizures
（2）The underlined word "unique" in paragraph four is the closest to 　 　.
A.simple
B.unusual
C.fresh
D.common
（3）Ed Crane got Zern from Canine Partners for Life mainly to 　 　.
A.have an animal friend because of his loneliness
B.stop injuries from seizures
C.post a video for money
D.smell the unique smell the dog gives off
（4）Which of the following can be put in ★ ？ 　 　
A.Crane will let Zern run away.
B.Crane will play with his pet dog.
C.Crane can prepare for the coming seizure.
D.Crane knows the dog must be hungry.
（5）What can be inferred about seizure alert dogs？ 　 　
A.They are useful and helpful to people with seizures.
B.They are all trained by Canine Partners for Life.
C.They can catch pleasant smells.
D.They're helpful with swimming.
期末专项培优 说明文
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024秋 锦江区校级期末）What was the life like in the past？Let's have a look together!
Today people usually enjoy two﹣day weekends.Did people in ancient China have a weekend？No.But they had their own way to relax.During the Han Dynasty，after people worked for five days，they could relax for a day.During the Tang Dynasty，they had to work for another five days and then they could have one day to relax.From then on，people could relax on special festivals.During the Ming and Qing dynasties，people could even relax on the emperors' birthdays.
In summer，it's easy for us to stay cool and comfortable with an air conditioner（空调）.How did people get through hot summer in the past？As early as the Zhou Dynasty，some workers' job was to find ice in winter and keep them for next summer.When it came，people could use them to make their rooms cooler.The ice could also be used to make cold drinks.
Are takeouts new？Of course not.People in the Song Dynasty already had it.The emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeouts late at night.His servants would go and find dishes and bring them back to mon people also ordered takeouts.Restaurant waiters would go on streets and tell people about the dishes they could order that day.After ordering food，customers could wait for the dishes at home.
（1）In which sentence can we put in the underlined word ancient in the passage？ 　B　
A.Everyone should play a part in saving the _______environment.
B.The painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival showed us a picture of _______ life.
C.It's _______ to visit museums often and open up our eyes.
（2）How often did people in the Tang Dynasty relax？ 　A　
A.Almost 3 times a month.
B.Almost 4 times a month.
C.Almost 5 times a month.
（3）Which question is answered in the passage？ 　C　
A.Why could people relax on the emperors' birthdays？
B.How did people in ancient times keep ice for next summer？
C.Who would order takeouts from restaurants in the Song Dynasty？
（4）Which sentence could show the feeling of students after reading the passages？ 　B　
A.What a poor life people lived in the past!
B.Life in the past was more wonderful than I thought.
C.Oh，I look forward to living a life like them one day!
（5）In which part of a magazine can we read these passages？ 　C　
A.Travel around the World
B.Food and Holiday
C.History and Culture
【考点】说明文；日常生活．
【答案】BACBC
【分析】本文主要讲述了古代人们的生活。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一栏No.But they had their own way to relax.During the Han Dynasty，after people worked for five days，they could relax for a day.During the Tang Dynasty，they had to work for another five days and then they could have one day to relax.（没有。但他们有自己的放松方式。在汉代，人们工作了五天之后，可以休息一天。在唐朝，他们必须再工作五天，然后他们可以有一天休息。）可知说的是古代人们的休息方式，故推测划线单词应该是"古代的"意思。B选项提到的《清明上河图》是古代名画，向我们展示了古代生活的画面，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一栏During the Han Dynasty，after people worked for five days，they could relax for a day.During the Tang Dynasty，they had to work for another five days and then they could have one day to relax.（在汉代，人们工作了五天之后，可以休息一天。在唐朝，他们必须再工作五天，然后他们可以有一天休息。）可知，唐代人们工作十天才能休息一天，一个月差不多休息三次。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三栏The emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeouts late at night.His servants would go and find dishes and bring them back to mon people also ordered takeouts.（孝宗皇帝喜欢在深夜叫外卖。他的仆人会去找菜，然后端回来给他。老百姓也点外卖。）可知，文章介绍了宋代谁会从餐馆叫外卖。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第一段What was the life like in the past？Let's have a look together!（过去的生活是什么样的？让我们一起来看看吧!）结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了古代人们的生活，通过和现在对比，可知过去的生活比我们想象的要精彩。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。根据第一段What was the life like in the past？Let's have a look together!（过去的生活是什么样的？让我们一起来看看吧!）结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了古代人们的生活，故推测我们可以在杂志的"历史和文化"部分读到这篇文章。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
2．（2024秋 思明区校级期末）Do you doodle（信手涂鸦）when you feel bored？Do you think about the meaning of your doodles？
All those doodles you draw actually show something about you.
You are a person who feels a lot and cares too much about what others say about you.You often put on a strong front and never show your weak side.When something upsets you，you can talk about it with your friends so that you will feel better.
You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do.You dream of living life to the fullest.The only thing you don't like is being bored.You need to take a serious look at life and start making better choices.
You're a person who is ambitious（有雄心的）and organized.You don't like being lazy and you work very hard.But sometimes you may become self﹣centered.Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you，you bring the focus to yourself，talking about your life.You should try to be a better listener.
You are a person who is smart.You have strong self﹣control（约束）.You follow your dreams without comparing yourself with others.Sometimes you should come out of your comfort zone（舒适区）and try new things that get your heart racing.
（1）How does the writer start the passage？ 　D　
A.By telling reasons.
B.By showing results.
C.By listing numbers.
D.By asking questions.
（2）Tara learned that it was better for her to share her unhappy feelings with her friends.Which picture may she draw like？ 　A　
A.Picture 1.
B.Picture 2.
C.Picture 3.
D.Picture 4.
（3）What's writer's advice for a boy who is very active and always looks happy in the passage？ 　D　
A.Be a better listener when his friends are in trouble.
B.Talk with his friends about the things he's worried about.
C.Step out of his comfort zone and try something new.
D.Look at his life carefully and make better choices.
（4）What does the underlined word "focus" mean in Chinese in the passage？ 　D　
A.条件
B.问题
C.目的
D.焦点
（5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　A　
A.A self﹣centered person may not be a good listener.
B.A person with a strong self﹣control may not be clever.
C.A person who draws like picture 1 doesn't have weak sides.
D.A person who draws like picture 2 enjoys doing the same thing.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】DADDA
【分析】文章介绍信手涂鸦能展示出性格上的一些信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Do you doodle（信手涂鸦）when you feel bored？Do you think about the meaning of your doodles？（当你感到无聊的时候，你会涂鸦吗？你想过你涂鸦的意义吗？）可知作者是通过提问开篇的。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格第一栏When something upsets you，you can talk about it with your friends so that you will feel better.（当有什么事让你心烦意乱时，你可以和你的朋友谈谈，这样你会感觉好一点。）可知塔拉认识到，最好还是和朋友们分享她的不快，所以图1可能是她画的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格第二栏You are a person who is full of energy and can find joy in everything you do.You dream of living life to the fullest.The only thing you don't like is being bored.You need to take a serious look at life and start making better choices.（你是一个精力充沛的人，无论做什么都能找到快乐。你梦想过充实的生活。你唯一不喜欢的就是无聊。你需要严肃地看待生活，开始做出更好的选择。）可知对于一个非常活跃，总是看起来很快乐的男孩，作者的建议是仔细观察他的生活，做出更好的选择。故选D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据表格第三栏Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you，you bring the focus to yourself，talking about your life. （每当一个朋友试图和你分享他们的故事时，你就把____放在自己身上，谈论你的生活。）可推知此处意为你就把焦点放在自己身上，所以划线词意为"焦点"。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据表格第三栏But sometimes you may become self﹣centered.Whenever a friend tries to share a story of them with you，you bring the focus to yourself，talking about your life.You should try to be a better listener.（但有时你可能会变得以自我为中心。每当一个朋友试图和你分享他们的故事时，你就把注意力集中在自己身上，谈论你的生活。你应该试着做一个更好的倾听者。）可知以自我为中心的人可能不是一个好的倾听者。故选A。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
3．（2024秋 思明区校级期末）Xunpu is a small fishing village in Fujian Province.Last year，a few ladies took pictures there and shared them online.In the photos，their hair was tied into buns（发髻）and they wore special local headdresses with fresh，colorful flowers.The headdresses are called"Zanhuawei."The photos became very popular online then.Many tourists started to come to the village to experience Zanhuawei.
The tradition of wearing flowers has been a part of local life since the Tang Dynasty.The village is famous for its good and fresh seafood.When women villagers sell their seafood at the local market，they put flowers in their hair.In this way，buyers can tell them from other sellers and see them more clearly.The tradition is also seen at happy events such as weddings（婚礼）.Local people send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers.In turn，their women guests wear the flowers they receive to the event.
▲Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples（太阳穴）.Teenagers，around the age of 13，tie their hair into a round bun and put fresh flowers in it.Middle﹣aged women often wear spiral（螺旋的）buns.They put flowers and gold ornaments（金饰）in their hair.As for elderly women，they prefer red flowers，head scarves and other ornaments.
"If you put flowers in your hair in this life，"the local people believe，"you'll also be pretty in the afterlife."In 2008，the tradition of flower﹣wearing among Xunpu women was listed as part of China's intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）.Besides，people in Xunpu are taking more actions to protect this traditional art.
（1）Why do women sellers put flowers in their hair at the local market according to the passage？ 　B　
A.Because it is a good way to make them look beautiful.
B.Because it is easier for them to sell their good seafood.
C.Because they are invited to take part in the wedding.
D.Because they get the flowers from the invitation cards.
（2）Which of the following can be put in ▲ in paragraph 3？ 　C　
A.Local people send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers.
B.However，the custom of men wearing flowers do not last long.
C.There are different headdress designs for wearers of different ages.
D.Competitions for women in designing Zanhuawei are popular.
（3）Who wears flowers the most properly and correctly according to the passage？ 　C　
A.Lily，8 years old，tie her hair into a round bun with fresh flowers.
B.Jenny，15 years old，wears flowers on both sides of her temples.
C.Anna，30 years old，put flowers and gold ornaments in her spiral bun.
D.Amy，65 years old，wears a red headscarf with gold flowers.
（4）If the passage goes on，what would the writer most probably talk about in the next paragraph？ 　D　
A.Who can wear Zanhuawei.
B.Why Zanhuawei is popular.
C.How to make Zanhuawei.
D.How to protect Zanhuawei.
（5）In which unit of a textbook can we most likely find the passage？ 　B　
A.Unit 1 The World of Flowers
B.Unit 2 Traditions in China
C.Unit 3 Tourists Around the World
D.Unit 4 Festivals in the World
【考点】说明文；传统文化．
【答案】BCCDB
【分析】文章介绍了簪花的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The village is famous for its good and fresh seafood.When women villagers sell their seafood at the local market，they put flowers in their hair.In this way，buyers can tell them from other sellers and see them more clearly.（这个村庄以其新鲜美味的海鲜而闻名。当女性村民在当地市场出售海鲜时，她们会在头发上插上鲜花。通过这种方式，买家可以将他们与其他卖家区分开来，并更清楚地看到他们。）可知，根据文章，女卖家在当地市场把花插在头发上因为对他们来说，出售他们的好海鲜更容易。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples（太阳穴）.Teenagers，around the age of 13，tie their hair into a round bun and put fresh flowers in it.Middle﹣aged women often wear spiral（螺旋的）buns.They put flowers and gold ornaments（金饰）in their hair.As for elderly women，they prefer red flowers，head scarves and other ornaments.（八到十二岁的孩子在太阳穴两侧佩戴鲜花。13岁左右的青少年将头发扎成一个圆发髻，并在里面放上鲜花。中年妇女发髻经常是旋形的。他们在头发上插上鲜花和金饰。至于老年妇女，她们更喜欢红花、头巾和其他装饰品。）可知，不同年龄段的佩戴者有不同的头饰设计，故C项"不同年龄的佩戴者有不同的头饰设计。"符合语境。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples（太阳穴）.Teenagers，around the age of 13，tie their hair into a round bun and put fresh flowers in it.Middle﹣aged women often wear spiral（螺旋的）buns.They put flowers and gold ornaments（金饰）in their hair.As for elderly women，they prefer red flowers，head scarves and other ornaments.（八到十二岁的孩子在太阳穴两侧佩戴鲜花。13岁左右的青少年将头发扎成一个圆发髻，并在里面放上鲜花。中年妇女发髻经常是旋形的。他们在头发上插上鲜花和金饰。至于老年妇女，她们更喜欢红花、头巾和其他装饰品。）可知，根据文章，30岁的安娜将鲜花和金饰放在她的螺旋发髻中是最恰当、最正确。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段 "If you put flowers in your hair in this life，"the local people believe，"you'll also be pretty in the afterlife."In 2008，the tradition of flower﹣wearing among Xunpu women was listed as part of China's intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）.Besides，people in Xunpu are taking more actions to protect this traditional art.（当地人相信："如果你今生在头发上插上鲜花，你来世也会很漂亮。"2008年，旬邑妇女戴花的传统被列为中国非物质文化遗产。此外，浔浦人民正在采取更多行动来保护这项传统艺术。）可知，如果文章继续下去，作者在下一段最有可能谈论如何保护簪花。故选D。
（5）推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了簪花的相关信息。我们最有可能在课本的第二单元中国传统找到这篇文章。故选B。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
4．（2024秋 硚口区期末）
___________ Early in the morning，everybody is in a hurry.But the roads are very busy.Can we take an air taxi to go from one place to another one day？The Chinese company EHang says that this may not be very far away.Its EH2 l6﹣S is an electrical aircraft （电动飞行器）.Now，the aircraft has the world's first official permit （官方许可证） to fly people without a pilot.
Drive your robot Driving a robot is not just something from books or movies.This is Archax，a human﹣like robot from Japan.It is about 4.5 meters tall.Users can sit inside its chest （胸口） and drive it.It can move 10 kilometers per hour.Users can also control （控制） its arms and hands.
Police have a new helper To make people safe，New York City is asking robots for help.The police there have a new helper.It is K5.Does it look like a big and strong bear？K5 works in a subway station between midnight and 6 am.It can record （录制） videos with cameras on its head.It has a button.Press it.People can ask a question or report a crime to the police.
（1）In which section of the newspaper can we read the news above？ 　A　
A.Technology.
B.Culture.
C.Studying.
D.Business.
（2）What is the right order of the pictures to match the texts？ 　C　
A. ①②③
B. ①③②
C. ②③①
D. ③②①
（3）The best heading for the first piece of news would be 　B　.
A.A great aircraft
B.Air taxi is coming
C.The first permit
D.A dream come true
（4）It's clear that 　B　.
A.people can drive Air taxi by themselves
B.K5 is working nights in a subway station
C.Archax can walk about 100 kilometers in a day
D.passengers （乘客） can take EH216﹣S in the streets now
（5）Through the news above，the editor might want to tell 　D　.
A.robots can't help people all the time
B.people are more interested in the future life
C.police can bring people much sense of safety
D.high﹣tech products are changing people's life
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】ACBBD
【分析】短文主要介绍了电动飞机的情况。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了电动飞机的情况。故我们可以在报纸的技术版面阅读上面的新闻。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据表格：Now，the aircraft has the world's first official permit （官方许可证） to fly people without a pilot.（现在，这架飞机获得了世界上第一个无人驾驶的官方许可。）可知此段介绍了无人驾驶机，与图②相匹配，以及It can move 10 kilometers per hour.Users can also control （控制） its arms and hands.（它能以每小时10公里的速度移动。用户还可以控制它的手臂和手。）可知此段介绍了驾驶机器人，与图①相匹配，以及K5 works in a subway station between midnight and 6 am.（K5从午夜到早上6点在地铁站工作。）可知此段介绍了机器人在地铁站工作，与图①相匹配，故选C。
（3）标题归纳题。根据表格：Can we take an air taxi to go from one place to another one day？The Chinese company EHang says that this may not be very far away.（有一天我们能乘坐空中出租车从一个地方到另一个地方吗？中国亿航公司表示，这可能不会太远。）可知此段主要讲述了空中出租车，故最佳标题应为：空中出租车来了，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据表格：K5 works in a subway station between midnight and 6 am.（K5从午夜到早上6点在地铁站工作。）可知K5晚上在地铁站工作。故选B。
（5）细节理解题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了电动飞机的情况。故主编可能想告诉大家高科技产品正在改变人们的生活。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
5．（2024秋 硚口区期末）With an app （应用软件） called Slowly，I've made pen pals from all over the world!
I started by choosing topics I was interested in，including the future world，economics （经济学） and psychology （心理）.The app would then match me with people with the same interests.Then I met my first，and so far，best pen pal.
Her name is Emma.She's the same age as me.She is studying in London，UK.We share stories about our school life.We read books together and talk about them.We also discuss the economy and the future of the world.
Later，we also tried video chatting （聊天）.Even though I didn't speak very good English，she would listen patiently （耐心地） and help me correct myself.We will give each other birthday gifts and meet up in the future.I feel that although we are in different parts of the world， ★ .
With that app，I also made pen pals from the US，France，Austria and Belgium.We talked about our favorite films，the beautiful scenery （风景） and the cultures of our countries.My pen pals are like sunshine，lighting up all the beauty in my life.
（1）How does the writer get to know Emma？ 　B　
A.By calling at her.
B.By using the app.
C.By visiting her.
D.By e﹣mailing her.
（2）How does Slowly work？ 　D　
A.It help pen pals read books together.
B.Visitors share stories after discussing.
C.People try video chatting before meeting up.
D.Users choose the topic first before matching with people.
（3）According to the passage，the writer cares about all of the following except 　C　.
A.the future world
B.films and psychology
C.sunshine and videos
D.economics and scenery
（4）Which of the following can be put in ★ ？ 　A　
A.our hearts are connected
B.I have much to tell her
C.we both can use English
D.we have nothing in common
（5）Which words can best describe the writer of this passage？ 　D　
A.Serious and quiet.
B.Hard﹣working and kind.
C.Fantastic and polite.
D.Outgoing and knowledgeable.
【考点】说明文；互联通讯．
【答案】BDCAD
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者通过应用程序Slowly结识了来自世界各地的笔友。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段I started by choosing topics I was interested in，including the future world，economics （经济学）and psychology（心理）.The app would then match me with people with the same interests.Then I met my first，and so far，best pen pal.（我从选择自己感兴趣的话题开始，包括未来世界、经济学和心理学。然后，这个应用程序会把我和有相同兴趣的人配对。然后我遇到了我的第一个，也是迄今为止最好的笔友。）可知，作者是通过使用该应用程序认识艾玛的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段I started by choosing topics I was interested in，including the future world，economics （经济学）and psychology（心理）.The app would then match me with people with the same interests.（我从选择自己感兴趣的话题开始，包括未来世界、经济学和心理学。然后，这个应用程序会把我和有相同兴趣的人配对。）可知，该应用的用户在与人匹配之前先选择主题。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段We also discuss the economy and the future of the world.（我们还讨论经济和世界的未来。）以及最后一段We talked about our favorite films，the beautiful scenery（风景）and the cultures of our countries.（我们谈论我们最喜欢的电影，美丽的风景和我们国家的文化。）可知，没有提及"光和视频"。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据空处前半句I feel that although we are in different parts of the world（我觉得，虽然我们在世界的不同的地方）可知，存在转折，虽然人不在一起，但心是相连的。A选项"我们的心是相连的"符合语境。故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据第四段Even though I didn't speak very good English，she would listen patiently（耐心地）and help me correct myself.（尽管我的英语说得不太好，她还是会耐心地听我说，并帮我纠正错误。）以及最后一段We talked about our favorite films，the beautiful scenery（风景）and the cultures of our countries.（我们谈论我们最喜欢的电影，美丽的风景和我们国家的文化。）可推知，作者性格外向，并且知识渊博。故选D。
【点评】答阅读题时，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络，然后在文章中找到对应的信息，再和选项作对比，得出正确答案。
6．（2024秋 长清区期末）For those who make New Year's resolutions，exercising more and losing weight is often at the top of the list，but whether your goals are to improve your health，save money or travel more，it can be hard to actually keep the resolutions.
So what causes some people to fail year after year when it comes to making resolutions，while others are successful？A company surveyed 75，000 people and found that only 21 percent of them made resolutions.Of those who made resolutions，about 41 percent said they stuck with them.
This is where things get interesting：24 percent of women reported setting resolutions，compared to 18 percent of men.But while women were more likely to set new year's goals，men were better at sticking to theirs，especially as they grew older.Among the participants（参与者），51.5 percent of men met their goals，compared to 42.6 percent of women who reported meeting theirs.
No matter what your goal is，it's important to remember that over 80 percent of people drop New Year's resolutions by February，
So，if you want to keep your New Year's resolutions，try to set small goals of action to make your New Year's resolutions last from January to December and beyond.
（1）What kind of the New Year's resolution do most people make？ 　A　
A.Exercise more.
B.Travel more.
C.Save money.
D.Get good grades.
（2）How many people made resolutions according to the survey？ 　B　
A.30，750.
B.15，750.
C.6，458.
D.15，000.
（3）What does the word "stuck" probably mean in paragraph 3？ 　B　
A.放弃
B.坚持
C.平衡
D.忘记
（4）Which paragraph can be added by the sentence "They will even forget them completely by the end of the year"？ 　C　
A.Paragraph 2.
B.Paragraph 3.
C.Paragraph 4.
D.Paragraph 5.
（5）Which is true according to the passage？ 　B　
A.More men set resolutions than women.
B.Women stuck to resolutions worse than men.
C.Half of the people stuck with their resolutions.
D.We could set great goals to keep the resolutions.
【考点】说明文；计划与愿望．
【答案】ABBCB
【分析】短文主要介绍了新年决心中常见的是增加锻炼和减肥，但不论是改善健康、省钱还是多旅行，坚持这些决心往往很难。因此，如果你想坚持新年决心，尝试设定小的行动目标，让新年决心能持续整年乃至更久。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段For those who make New Year's resolutions，exercising more and losing weight is often at the top of the list，but whether your goals are to improve your health，save money or travel more，it can be hard to actually keep the resolutions.（对于那些制定新年决心的人来说，多锻炼和减肥往往是首要任务，但无论你的目标是改善健康、省钱还是多旅行，都很难真正坚持这些决心。）可知，大多数人的新年决心是多锻炼。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段A company surveyed 75，000 people and found that only 21 percent of them made resolutions.（一家公司调查了7.5万人，发现只有21%的人下了决心。）可知，根据调查，有15750人下了决心。故选B。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第二段A company surveyed 75，000 people and found that only 21 percent of them made resolutions.Of those who made resolutions，about 41 percent said they stuck with them.（一家公司调查了7.5万人，发现只有21%的人下了决心。在那些下定决心的人中，约41%的人表示他们……了下来。）可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是"坚持"。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第四段No matter what your goal is，it's important to remember that over 80 percent of people drop New Year's resolutions by February，（无论你的目标是什么，重要的是要记住，超过80%的人在2月前放弃了新年决心，）可知，此段应是目标的完成情况，故句子"他们甚至会在年底前完全忘记它他们吗？"应放在此段后面。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段This is where things get interesting：24 percent of women reported setting resolutions，compared to 18 percent of men.But while women were more likely to set new year's goals，men were better at sticking to theirs，especially as they grew older.Among the participants（参与者），51.5 percent of men met their goals，compared to 42.6 percent of women who reported meeting theirs.（这就是事情变得有趣的地方：24%的女性表示要下定决心，而男性的这一比例为18%。但是，尽管女性更有可能设定新年目标，但男性更善于坚持自己的目标，尤其是随着年龄的增长。在参与者中，51.5%的男性实现了自己的目标，而女性报告达到目标的比例为42.6%。）可知，女性比男性人更难坚持决心。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
7．（2024秋 泸西县期末）根据短文内容，判断正误（正确"T"，错误"F"）。
Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking（竞走）.A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5，000 steps a day.The results of the study are from QQ users.About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favorite exercise；over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose riding bikes.
Fast walking and running are easy，cost（花费） little and work well，so they are popular.And many people prefer（更喜欢） doing exercise in nature to going to gyms.It's best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at one time and walk up to 6，000 steps every day.
The study also shows that people in Guiyang，Guizhou love sports most.On average（平均），everyone there walks 5，941 steps every day.It seems that people in places with better environment and air are more willing to do sports.
（1）Fast walking has become the most popular exercise around the world now. 　F　
（2）Lots of Chinese people walk more than 5，000 steps a day. 　T　
（3）Fast walking is difficult to do and costs lots of money. 　F　
（4）The study shows that people in Guiyang like sports most. 　T　
（5）The passage tells us something about running and riding bikes. 　F　
【考点】说明文；卫生与健康．
【答案】FTFTF
【分析】快走是介于散步和竞走之间的锻炼方式。一项研究显示，快走已成为中国最受欢迎的锻炼方式，许多人每天走超过5，000步。研究结果来自QQ用户，约37%的人选择快走作为他们最喜欢的锻炼方式；超过23%选择跑步，超过14%选择骑自行车。快走和跑步简单、成本低且效果好，因此受到欢迎。许多人更喜欢在自然环境中锻炼，而不是去健身房。最好一次快走至少10分钟，每天走步数达到6，000步。研究还显示，贵阳人最热爱运动，平均每天走步数为5，941步。看来环境和空气更好的地方的人更愿意运动。
【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据第一段A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5，000 steps a day.（一项研究表明，快走已成为中国最受欢迎的运动，许多人每天步行超过5000步。）可推断出"快走现在已经成为全世界最受欢迎的运动"表述错误，故选F。
（2）细节判断题。根据第一段A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5，000 steps a day.（一项研究表明，快走已成为中国最受欢迎的运动，许多人每天步行超过5000步。）可推断出"许多中国人每天走5000多步"表述正确，故选T。
（3）细节判断题。根据第二段Fast walking and running are easy，cost（花费） little and work well，so they are popular.（快走和跑步很容易，成本低，效果好，所以很受欢迎。）可推断出"快走很难做到，而且要花很多钱"表述错误，故选F。
（4）细节判断题。根据最后一段The study also shows that people in Guiyang，Guizhou love sports most.（研究还表明，贵州贵阳人最爱运动。）可推断出"研究表明贵阳人最喜欢运动"表述正确，故选T。
（5）细节判断题。根据第一段Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking（竞走）.（快走是介于步行和竞走之间的运动。）可推断出这篇文章告诉我们一些关于跑步和骑自行车的事情"表述错误，故选F。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．（2024秋 泸西县期末）Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat，but how you eat.Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others.It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits.If you usually eat with your parents，you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body.Ask yourself if you are really hungry.Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty（口渴的）.Sometimes you are just thirsty，you need no food.Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.After you don't eat for the past ten hours，your body needs food to keep you going.You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks（零食） like fruit，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.It's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of potato chips instead of a meal.
Don't eat dinner late.With our busy life，we always eat supper until the last minute.Try to eat supper at least 3 hours before you go to bed.This will give your body a chance to digest more of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.
（1）The writer gives us 　A　pieces of advice on healthy eating.
A.five
B.six
C.seven
D.eight
（2）Which snack is NOT mentioned（提及） in the passage？ 　D　
A.Fruit.
B.Yogurt.
C.Cheese.
D.Ice﹣cream.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　D　
A.Snacks are bad for our health.
B.We should keep eating until we are full.
C.Dinner is the most important meal of the day.
D.We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.
（4）The underlined word "digest" means " 　C　"in Chinese.
A.存储
B.降温
C.消化
D.杀菌
（5）The passage mainly tells us 　A　.
A.how to eat
B.what to eat
C.why to eat
D.when to cook
【考点】说明文；饮食．
【答案】ADDCA
【分析】本文主要介绍了健康饮食的建议，包括与他人一起进餐、倾听身体的需求、吃早餐、选择健康的零食和不要太晚吃晚餐。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Here is some advice on healthy eating.（这里有一些关于健康饮食的建议。）及下文二三四五六段描述，可知作者提出了五条建议：和别人一起吃饭、倾听你身体的一些信息、要吃早饭、吃健康的零食如水果、酸奶或奶酪、晚饭不要吃太晚。故选：A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段Eat healthy snacks（零食） like fruit，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.It's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of potato chips instead of a meal.（吃一些健康的零食，比如水果、酸奶或奶酪。我们有时都需要零食。三餐之间吃两份健康的零食是个好主意。这并不意味着你可以吃一袋薯片代替一顿饭。）可知这里提到了很多种零食，如水果、酸奶、奶酪、炸薯条等，其中没有提到的就是Ice cream冰淇淋。故选：D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Try to eat supper at least 3 hours before you go to bed.（尽量在睡觉前至少3小时吃晚饭。）可知至少在睡觉前3小时吃晚饭。故选：D。
（4）词义猜测题。根据最后一段This will give your body a chance to digest more of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.（这会让你的身体有机会在接下来的8﹣10小时休息前......更多的食物。）可知结合选项，应说我们要在睡觉前三小时吃晚饭，这样才能给身体时间来消化大部分食物。digest的意思是消化。故选：C。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat，but how you eat.（健康饮食不仅仅意味着你吃什么，还意味着你怎么吃。）可知这篇短文的第一段是整篇短文的中心段，作者在这一段中点明了中心，即我们应该健康饮食。怎样饮食，而不是去哪里或为什么或什么时候吃。故选：A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文说读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次读并检查。
9．（2024秋 南华县期末）根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项。
Every one of us，rich or poor，should at least have one or two good friends.Your friends will listen to you when you speak，will take care of you when you are sick，and will be together with you on your journey through life.
Everyone needs friends Friendship can make us happier.How can we find a good friend an

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