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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 提升测试题
（满分 120 分 考试时间 90 分钟）
第一部分 听力（20 分）
Ⅰ. 听句子，选择最佳答语（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）1. A. It uses echolocation to find food. B. It lives in the desert.
C. It eats mainly grass and leaves. D. It's a type of reptile.
（ ）2. A. They can survive without water for months.
B. They are the largest animals.
C. They live in the deep ocean.
D. They are afraid of humans.
（ ）3. A. Yes, it's the oldest living thing. B. No, it's very small.
C. Yes, I planted it last year. D. No, it grows in the ocean.
（ ）4. A. For about 50 years. B. In tropical rainforests.
C. By catching small fish. D. It's endangered now.
（ ）5. A. Because it can change color. B. I saw it in a documentary.
C. It's similar to a chameleon. D. It was discovered in 1990.
Ⅱ. 听对话，选择最佳答案（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）6. What is special about the saguaro cactus
A. It grows in the Arctic. B. It can live for over 150 years.
C. It needs a lot of water. D. It's the smallest cactus.
（ ）7. Why is the axolotl amazing
A. It can regrow its limbs. B. It runs faster than a cheetah.
C. It flies very high. D. It eats only bamboo.
（ ）8. How do mangrove trees help the environment
A. They produce a lot of oxygen. B. They prevent soil erosion.
C. They grow very slowly. D. They live in deserts.
（ ）9. What is the biggest threat to polar bears
A. Too much rain. B. Lack of bamboo.
C. Melting ice due to climate change. D. Forest fires.
（ ）10. What does the girl suggest doing to protect sea turtles
A. Cut down more trees. B. Throw plastic into the ocean.
C. Reduce beach lighting at night. D. Hunt them for food.
Ⅲ. 听短文，完成表格（每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
Nature's Wonder
Unique Ability
Habitat
Threats
Protection Measure
11.______
Can close its leaves when touched
Tropical regions
Deforestation
12.______
Pangolin
13.______
Grasslands in Africa and Asia
Illegal hunting
Stricter laws against hunting
14.______
Can survive in extreme heat and cold
Deserts around the world
Lack of protection
Create protected areas
Coral reef
Provides home for many sea creatures
Warm ocean waters
15.______
Reduce pollution in oceans
第二部分 语言应用（60 分）
Ⅳ. 完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
The natural world is full of incredible creatures with amazing abilities. Take the chameleon, for example. This remarkable lizard can 16.______ its skin color to match its surroundings. It does this to hide from predators and communicate with other chameleons.
Another amazing creature is the axolotl, a type of salamander. Unlike most animals, it can 17.______ lost limbs, including legs, tails, and even parts of its heart and brain. Scientists study this ability, hoping to learn how to help humans 18.______ from injuries.
In the plant kingdom, the Venus flytrap is truly 19.. When an insect lands on its leaves, the plant 20. shut in less than a second, trapping the insect inside. It then digests the insect for nutrients.
These examples show how diverse and clever nature is. Each creature, no matter how 21., plays an important role in the ecosystem. Sadly, many of these amazing species are 22. danger due to human activities like pollution and deforestation.
We must take action to 23.______ them. By learning about these creatures and their habitats, we can better understand how to live in harmony with nature. Remember, every small action 24.______—whether it's reducing plastic use or planting a tree.
If we don't act now, we might 25.______ these incredible creatures forever. Their unique abilities 26.______ inspire new technologies and medicines. From the tiniest insect to the largest mammal, each has something special to offer.
The more we learn about nature, the more we realize how 27.______ all living things are. They adapt to survive in 28.______ changing environments, showing remarkable resilience.
There's a delicate balance 29.______ all species. Protecting one helps protect them all. Our future depends on preserving the wonders of 30.______.
（ ）16. A. change B. keep C. lose D. show
（ ）17. A. damage B. regrow C. remove D. hide
（ ）18. A. recover B. suffer C. die D. escape
（ ）19. A. common B. boring C. extraordinary D. simple
（ ）20. A. opens B. shuts C. grows D. falls
（ ）21. A. large B. small C. beautiful D. ugly
（ ）22. A. in B. out of C. with D. without
（ ）23. A. harm B. protect C. ignore D. sell
（ ）24. A. helps B. hurts C. stops D. wastes
（ ）25. A. find B. lose C. create D. destroy
（ ）26. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes
（ ）27. A. different B. same C. difficult D. easy
（ ）28. A. slowly B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly
（ ）29. A. through B. across C. between D. among
（ ）30. A. nature B. city C. factory D. school
Ⅴ. 阅读理解（每小题 2 分，共 40 分）
A
The Axolotl: Nature's Healing Expert
The axolotl is a unique salamander that lives only in the lakes around Mexico City. What makes it so special is its amazing ability to regrow body parts. Unlike humans, who form scars when injured, axolotls can regrow entire limbs, spinal cords, and even parts of their brains and hearts.
Scientists are studying axolotls to understand how this regeneration works. They hope to apply this knowledge to help humans recover from injuries and diseases. For example, people who have lost limbs in accidents might one day be able to regrow them, thanks to what we learn from these amazing creatures.
Axolotls are also unusual because they stay in their larval form their whole lives. Most salamanders develop into adults and leave the water, but axolotls remain aquatic and keep their feathery gills. They come in various colors, including pink, white, and black.
Sadly, axolotls are critically endangered. Their natural habitat is shrinking due to pollution and urban development. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these unique creatures, both in the wild and in captivity. Saving the axolotl isn't just important for the species itself—it could also hold the key to future medical breakthroughs.
（ ）31. What can axolotls regrow
A. Only their tails. B. Entire limbs and body parts.
C. Other axolotls. D. Nothing—they heal like humans.
（ ）32. Why are scientists studying axolotls
To keep them as pets.
B. To learn about regeneration for human medicine.
C. To teach them to live on land.
D. To make them change colors.
（ ）33. How are axolotls different from most salamanders
A. They live on land. B. They become adults quickly.
C. They stay in larval form their whole lives. D. They have no gills.
（ ）34. Why are axolotls endangered
A. They regrow too many parts. B. Their habitat is shrinking.
C. They live too long. D. Scientists study them too much.
（ ）35. What might axolotl research lead to
A. New pets for families. B. Ways to regrow human body parts.
C. Salamanders that live in cities. D. More pollution in lakes.
B
Mangrove Forests: The Ocean's Protectors
Mangrove forests are special ecosystems found along tropical coastlines. These unique trees grow in saltwater, where few other plants can survive. Their roots are exposed at low tide, creating a complex network that looks like a forest underwater.
Mangroves play several important roles. Their roots trap sediment and prevent soil erosion, protecting coastlines from storms and waves. They also provide shelter for many marine creatures, including fish, crabs, and birds. Young fish often grow up in mangrove forests before moving to the open ocean.
These forests are also excellent at absorbing carbon dioxide, helping to fight climate change. They store more carbon than most land forests, making them important for keeping our planet healthy.
Mangroves have been used by humans for centuries. People harvest their wood for building and use their leaves for medicine. However, over-harvesting and coastal development have destroyed many mangrove forests.
Conservation groups are working to protect and restore mangrove ecosystems. They teach local communities about sustainable harvesting and create protected areas. Saving mangroves helps both wildlife and people who depend on these valuable forests.
（ ）36. Where are mangrove forests found
A. In deserts. B. In freshwater lakes.
C. Along tropical coastlines. D. On mountaintops.
（ ）37. What do mangrove roots do
A. They prevent soil erosion. B. They produce a lot of fruit.
C. They grow very slowly. D. They harm marine creatures.
（ ）38. Why are mangroves important for climate change
A. They create more carbon dioxide. B. They absorb carbon dioxide.
C. They cause storms. D. They melt ice.
（ ）39. How have humans used mangroves
A. For building materials and medicine. B. For food and pets.
C. For fuel and electricity. D. For clothing and cars.
（ ）40. What are conservation groups doing to protect mangroves
Cutting them down for wood.
B. Building cities on them.
C. Creating protected areas and teaching sustainability.
D. Polluting their habitat.
C
The Saguaro Cactus: A Desert Giant
The saguaro cactus is an icon of the American Southwest. These impressive plants can grow over 12 meters tall and live for more than 150 years. They develop their first arm when they're about 75 years old, though some never grow arms at all.
Saguaros are perfectly adapted to desert life. Their accordion-like trunks expand to store water during rare rainstorms. A large saguaro can hold up to 800 liters of water—enough to survive several years of drought. Their sharp spines protect them from animals seeking water.
These cacti are important to desert ecosystems. Birds like the Gila woodpecker carve holes in their trunks to build nests. When these birds move out, other animals use the holes for shelter. Saguaro flowers bloom at night and are pollinated by bats and moths. The sweet red fruit provides food for many desert creatures, including deer and coyotes.
Saguaros grow very slowly—only about 2.5 centimeters in their first ten years. This makes them vulnerable to damage. It's illegal to harm a saguaro in Arizona, where most of them grow. Protecting these giants ensures that desert ecosystems remain balanced.
（ ）41. How tall can saguaro cacti grow
A. Over 12 meters. B. Over 150 meters.
C. Over 75 meters. D. Over 800 meters.
（ ）42. How do saguaros survive droughts
A. They move to find water. B. They store water in their trunks.
C. They die and regrow later. D. They eat other plants.
（ ）43. What do Gila woodpeckers do with saguaros
A. Eat their fruit. B. Drink their water.
C. Carve holes for nests. D. Use their spines for protection.
（ ）44. Why are saguaros vulnerable
A. They grow very quickly. B. They grow very slowly.
C. They have no protection. D. They live too long.
（ ）45. What is illegal in Arizona regarding saguaros
A. Growing them. B. Protecting them.
C. Harming them. D. Studying them.
D
Coral Reefs: Rainforests of the Sea
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Though they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, they are home to about 25% of all marine species. These colorful structures are built by tiny organisms called coral polyps, which live in colonies.
Corals have a symbiotic relationship with algae that live in their tissues. The algae produce food using sunlight, and the corals provide shelter and nutrients. This partnership gives reefs their vibrant colors.
Reefs are important for many reasons. They protect coastlines from waves and storms, much like mangroves. They provide food and income for millions of people who fish in reef areas. Reefs also attract tourists, supporting local economies.
Unfortunately, coral reefs are in danger. Rising ocean temperatures cause coral bleaching, where corals lose their algae and turn white. Pollution, overfishing, and coastal development also damage reefs. It's estimated that half of the world's coral reefs have been lost since the 1950s.
Protecting reefs requires reducing pollution, controlling fishing, and addressing climate change. Many organizations are working to restore damaged reefs by growing coral in nurseries and transplanting it to degraded areas. Saving coral reefs means saving thousands of species that depend on them.
（ ）46. What percentage of the ocean floor do coral reefs cover
A. Less than 1%. B. About 25%.
C. About 50%. D. Over 75%.
（ ）47. What lives in coral tissues and helps give reefs their color
A. Fish. B. Algae.
C. Humans. D. Rocks.
（ ）48. How do reefs help people
A. They provide food and income. B. They create hurricanes.
C. They produce oil. D. They make good building materials.
（ ）49. What causes coral bleaching
A. Too many fish. B. Rising ocean temperatures.
C. Too much shade. D. Cold water.
（ ）50. What are organizations doing to restore reefs
A. Removing all fish. B. Growing coral in nurseries.
C. Polluting the water. D. Building on reefs.
Ⅵ. 情景对话选择题（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）51. A: I saw a documentary about axolotls yesterday. They're amazing!
B: ______
A. What's special about them B. Where do they live
C. How old are they D. What do they eat
（ ）52. A: ______
B: They prevent soil erosion and provide homes for marine creatures.
What do you think of polar bears
B. How do mangrove trees help the environment
C. Where do saguaro cacti grow
D. Why are coral reefs colorful
（ ）53. A: Many coral reefs are dying. What can we do to help
B: ______
A. Use more plastic products. B. Pollute the ocean.
C. Reduce carbon emissions and recycle. D. Overfish in reef areas.
（ ）54. A: Why is the saguaro cactus important to desert animals
B: ______
A. It provides food and shelter. B. It lives in the ocean.
C. It grows very quickly. D. It can fly.
（ ）55. A: Do you know why chameleons change color
B: ______
A. To fly better. B. To hide from predators and communicate.
C. To swim faster. D. To eat more food.
第三部分 词汇语法考察（25 分）
Ⅶ. 词汇题（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
The axolotl has the amazing ability to ______（再生）lost body parts.
Mangrove trees help ______（防止）soil erosion along coastlines.
Coral reefs are home to a ______（多样的）range of marine species.
The saguaro cactus can ______（储存）large amounts of water in its trunk.
Chameleons can ______（改变）their skin color to match their surroundings.
Many species are facing ______（灭绝）due to habitat loss.
Scientists are studying these creatures to make ______（突破）in medicine.
The Venus flytrap can ______（捕捉）insects with its leaves.
Conservationists are working to ______（恢复）damaged ecosystems.
Desert plants have special ______（适应能力）to survive in dry conditions.
The ______（栖息地）of polar bears is shrinking due to climate change.
We need to reduce our ______（影响）on the natural environment.
Bats play an important role in ______（授粉）night-blooming flowers.
Some animals can ______（伪装）themselves to avoid predators.
______（保护）efforts are necessary to save endangered species.
Ⅷ. 语法段落填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
Mangrove forests 71. （be）important ecosystems. They 72. （grow）in coastal areas and 73. （protect）shorelines from storms. Many fish 74. （use）mangroves as nurseries for their young.
Scientists 75. （study）mangroves for many years. They 76. （find）that these forests 77. （absorb）more carbon than other forests. If we 78. （destroy）mangroves, we 79.______（lose）an important tool in fighting climate change.
We 80.______（need）to protect mangroves by reducing pollution and supporting conservation projects.
第四部分 书面表达（15 分）
Ⅸ. 书面表达
请以 "A Remarkable Plant or Animal" 为题，写一篇不少于 80 词的英语短文，描述一种非凡的植物或动物。内容包括：
1.这种植物或动物是什么；
2.它有什么独特的能力或特征；
3.它对生态系统有什么重要性；
4.我们如何保护它。
A Remarkable Plant or Animal/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 提升测试题解析版
（满分 120 分 考试时间 90 分钟）
听力原文
Ⅰ. 听句子，选择最佳答语
How does a bat find its way in the dark
What special ability do camels have
Is the bristlecone pine one of the oldest living things on Earth
Where does the poison dart frog live
Why is the chameleon considered an amazing creature
Ⅱ. 听对话，选择最佳答案
W: I read an article about the saguaro cactus. It's really interesting.
M: What's special about it
W: It can live for over 150 years and store up to 800 liters of water.
M: Have you heard of the axolotl It's a type of salamander.
W: No, what's amazing about it
M: It can regrow its limbs, including legs, tails, and even parts of its heart.
W: How do mangrove trees help the environment
M: Their roots hold the soil together and prevent erosion. They also provide homes for many sea creatures.
W: What's the biggest problem facing polar bears
M: Climate change is causing the ice to melt, which is their main habitat. They're losing their homes.
M: What can we do to protect sea turtles
W: We should reduce beach lighting at night. Baby turtles can get confused by bright lights and not find the ocean.
Ⅲ. 听短文，完成表格
Today, I'll tell you about four amazing wonders of nature.
First, the sensitive plant, also known as mimosa. It has a unique ability: when you touch its leaves, they close up immediately. It grows in tropical regions like South America and Asia. Unfortunately, deforestation is destroying its habitat. To protect it, we need to plant more of these plants in botanical gardens.
Second, the pangolin. This unusual animal has scales that protect it from predators. When in danger, it rolls into a ball, making it hard for predators to attack. Pangolins live in grasslands in Africa and Asia. They're threatened by illegal hunting because their scales are used in some traditional medicines. Stricter laws against hunting are needed to save them.
Third, the desert tortoise. It can survive in extreme temperatures, both very hot and very cold. It lives in deserts around the world, including the Sahara and the American Southwest. The main threat is lack of protection. Creating protected areas where they can live safely is important.
Finally, coral reefs. These colorful structures provide homes for thousands of sea creatures. They live in warm ocean waters near the equator. Pollution, especially plastic waste, and rising water temperatures are major threats. To protect them, we need to reduce pollution in our oceans and seas.
第一部分 听力（20 分）
Ⅰ. 听句子，选择最佳答语（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）1. A. It uses echolocation to find food. B. It lives in the desert.
C. It eats mainly grass and leaves. D. It's a type of reptile.
解析：问句应是询问某种动物的特殊能力，A 选项回答了其利用回声定位觅食的能力，符合逻辑；B 讲栖息地，C 讲食物，D 讲种类，均不涉及能力，故选 A。
（ ）2. A. They can survive without water for months.
B. They are the largest animals.
C. They live in the deep ocean.
D. They are afraid of humans.
解析：问句可能询问某类生物的特性，A 选项说明其能数月不喝水生存，是显著特性；B、C、D 均为一般描述，无特殊性，故选 A。
（ ）3. A. Yes, it's the oldest living thing. B. No, it's very small.
C. Yes, I planted it last year. D. No, it grows in the ocean.
解析：问句应是判断某植物是否有特殊属性，A 选项肯定其是最古老的生物，符合特性判断；B、C、D 均为普通描述，故选 A。
（ ）4. A. For about 50 years. B. In tropical rainforests.
C. By catching small fish. D. It's endangered now.
解析：问句可能询问某生物的生存方式，C 选项说明其通过捕捉小鱼生存，符合；A 是寿命，B 是栖息地，D 是现状，故选 C。
（ ）5. A. Because it can change color. B. I saw it in a documentary.
C. It's similar to a chameleon. D. It was discovered in 1990.
解析：问句应是询问某生物特殊的原因，A 选项解释其因能变色而特殊，符合；B、C、D 均为相关信息但非原因，故选 A。
Ⅱ. 听对话，选择最佳答案（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）6. What is special about the saguaro cactus
A. It grows in the Arctic. B. It can live for over 150 years.
C. It needs a lot of water. D. It's the smallest cactus.
解析：仙人掌的特性是耐旱且寿命长，B 选项符合其 150 年以上的寿命特点；A、C、D 与仙人掌特性相反，故选 B。
（ ）7. Why is the axolotl amazing
A. It can regrow its limbs. B. It runs faster than a cheetah.
C. It flies very high. D. It eats only bamboo.
解析：美西螈的独特之处是能再生肢体，A 选项正确；B 是猎豹特性，C 不符合其水生特点，D 是熊猫习性，故选 A。
（ ）8. How do mangrove trees help the environment
A. They produce a lot of oxygen. B. They prevent soil erosion.
C. They grow very slowly. D. They live in deserts.
解析：红树林的生态作用是防止水土流失，B 选项正确；A 非主要作用，C、D 与红树林生长环境和特点不符，故选 B。
（ ）9. What is the biggest threat to polar bears
A. Too much rain. B. Lack of bamboo.
C. Melting ice due to climate change. D. Forest fires.
解析：北极熊依赖冰层生存，气候变暖导致冰融化是最大威胁，C 选项正确；A、D 不相关，B 是熊猫面临的问题，故选 C。
（ ）10. What does the girl suggest doing to protect sea turtles
A. Cut down more trees. B. Throw plastic into the ocean.
C. Reduce beach lighting at night. D. Hunt them for food.
解析：保护海龟需减少人为干扰，夜间减少海滩照明可避免误导海龟，C 选项正确；A、B、D 均为破坏行为，故选 C。
Ⅲ. 听短文，完成表格（每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
Nature's Wonder
Unique Ability
Habitat
Threats
Protection Measure
11.______
Can close its leaves when touched
Tropical regions
Deforestation
12.______
Pangolin
13.______
Grasslands in Africa and Asia
Illegal hunting
Stricter laws against hunting
14.______
Can survive in extreme heat and cold
Deserts around the world
Lack of protection
Create protected areas
Coral reef
Provides home for many sea creatures
Warm ocean waters
15.______
Reduce pollution in oceans
11.答案：Mimosa pudica
解析：根据 “Can close its leaves when touched”（被触碰时闭合叶子）的特性，可知是含羞草，故填此答案。
12.答案：Plant more in protected areas
解析：针对森林砍伐的威胁，保护措施应是在保护区多种植，故填此答案。
13.答案：Can roll into a ball to protect itself
解析：穿山甲的独特能力是遇危险时蜷成球保护自己，故填此答案。
14.答案：Desert lizard
解析：能在极端冷热环境生存且栖息于沙漠的生物，沙漠蜥蜴符合，故填此答案。
15.答案：Rising ocean temperatures and pollution
解析：珊瑚礁面临的威胁包括海水升温与污染，故填此答案。
第二部分 语言应用（60 分）
Ⅳ. 完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
The natural world is full of incredible creatures with amazing abilities. Take the chameleon, for example. This remarkable lizard can 16.______ its skin color to match its surroundings. It does this to hide from predators and communicate with other chameleons.
Another amazing creature is the axolotl, a type of salamander. Unlike most animals, it can 17.______ lost limbs, including legs, tails, and even parts of its heart and brain. Scientists study this ability, hoping to learn how to help humans 18.______ from injuries.
In the plant kingdom, the Venus flytrap is truly 19. . When an insect lands on its leaves, the plant 20. shut in less than a second, trapping the insect inside. It then digests the insect for nutrients.
These examples show how diverse and clever nature is. Each creature, no matter how 21. , plays an important role in the ecosystem. Sadly, many of these amazing species are 22. danger due to human activities like pollution and deforestation.
We must take action to 23.______ them. By learning about these creatures and their habitats, we can better understand how to live in harmony with nature. Remember, every small action 24.______—whether it's reducing plastic use or planting a tree.
If we don't act now, we might 25.______ these incredible creatures forever. Their unique abilities 26.______ inspire new technologies and medicines. From the tiniest insect to the largest mammal, each has something special to offer.
The more we learn about nature, the more we realize how 27.______ all living things are. They adapt to survive in 28.______ changing environments, showing remarkable resilience.
There's a delicate balance 29.______ all species. Protecting one helps protect them all. Our future depends on preserving the wonders of 30.______.
（ ）16. A. change B. keep C. lose D. show
解析：变色龙能改变皮肤颜色适应环境，“change”（改变）符合特性，故选 A。
（ ）17. A. damage B. regrow C. remove D. hide
解析：美西螈能重新长出失去的肢体，“regrow”（再生）符合其独特能力，故选 B。
（ ）18. A. recover B. suffer C. die D. escape
解析：科学家研究其再生能力是为帮助人类从伤痛中恢复，“recover”（恢复）符合语境，故选 A。
（ ）19. A. common B. boring C. extraordinary D. simple
解析：捕蝇草能快速闭合捕捉昆虫，很特别，“extraordinary”（非凡的）符合描述，故选 C。
（ ）20. A. opens B. shuts C. grows D. falls
解析：昆虫落在叶子上时，捕蝇草会闭合，“shuts”（关闭）与 “trapping” 呼应，故选 B。
（ ）21. A. large B. small C. beautiful D. ugly
解析：强调无论生物多小都在生态系统中起作用，“small”（小的）符合语境，故选 B。
（ ）22. A. in B. out of C. with D. without
解析：“in danger” 是固定短语，意为 “处于危险中”，指物种因人类活动受威胁，故选 A。
（ ）23. A. harm B. protect C. ignore D. sell
解析：物种面临危险，我们应采取行动保护，“protect”（保护）符合主旨，故选 B。
（ ）24. A. helps B. hurts C. stops D. wastes
解析：小行动如减少塑料使用都有帮助，“helps”（有帮助）符合逻辑，故选 A。
（ ）25. A. find B. lose C. create D. destroy
解析：不行动可能永远失去这些生物，“lose”（失去）符合语境，故选 B。
（ ）26. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes
解析：它们的独特能力总能启发新技术，“always”（总是）强调持续性，故选 B。
（ ）27. A. different B. same C. difficult D. easy
解析：自然界生物多样，“different”（不同的）与 “diverse” 呼应，故选 A。
（ ）28. A. slowly B. quickly C. suddenly D. quietly
解析：生物能适应快速变化的环境，“quickly”（快速地）体现适应能力，故选 B。
（ ）29. A. through B. across C. between D. among
解析：物种之间存在平衡，“among” 用于三者及以上，符合 “all species”，故选 D。
（ ）30. A. nature B. city C. factory D. school
解析：全文围绕自然生物，保护自然奇观对未来重要，“nature”（自然）符合主旨，故选 A。
Ⅴ. 阅读理解（每小题 2 分，共 40 分）
A
The Axolotl: Nature's Healing Expert
The axolotl is a unique salamander that lives only in the lakes around Mexico City. What makes it so special is its amazing ability to regrow body parts. Unlike humans, who form scars when injured, axolotls can regrow entire limbs, spinal cords, and even parts of their brains and hearts.
Scientists are studying axolotls to understand how this regeneration works. They hope to apply this knowledge to help humans recover from injuries and diseases. For example, people who have lost limbs in accidents might one day be able to regrow them, thanks to what we learn from these amazing creatures.
Axolotls are also unusual because they stay in their larval form their whole lives. Most salamanders develop into adults and leave the water, but axolotls remain aquatic and keep their feathery gills. They come in various colors, including pink, white, and black.
Sadly, axolotls are critically endangered. Their natural habitat is shrinking due to pollution and urban development. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these unique creatures, both in the wild and in captivity. Saving the axolotl isn't just important for the species itself—it could also hold the key to future medical breakthroughs.
（ ）31. What can axolotls regrow
A. Only their tails. B. Entire limbs and body parts.
C. Other axolotls. D. Nothing—they heal like humans.
解析：由 “regrow entire limbs, spinal cords, and even parts of their brains and hearts” 可知，能再生肢体和身体部位，故选 B。
（ ）32. Why are scientists studying axolotls
To keep them as pets.
B. To learn about regeneration for human medicine.
C. To teach them to live on land.
D. To make them change colors.
解析：文中提到 “hoping to apply this knowledge to help humans recover from injuries”，即研究其再生能力用于人类医学，故选 B。
（ ）33. How are axolotls different from most salamanders
A. They live on land. B. They become adults quickly.
C. They stay in larval form their whole lives. D. They have no gills.
解析：由 “they stay in their larval form their whole lives. Most salamanders develop into adults” 可知，它们终生保持幼体形态，故选 C。
（ ）34. Why are axolotls endangered
A. They regrow too many parts. B. Their habitat is shrinking.
C. They live too long. D. Scientists study them too much.
解析：由 “Their natural habitat is shrinking due to pollution and urban development” 可知，栖息地萎缩是濒危原因，故选 B。
（ ）35. What might axolotl research lead to
A. New pets for families. B. Ways to regrow human body parts.
C. Salamanders that live in cities. D. More pollution in lakes.
解析：文中提到 “people who have lost limbs... might one day be able to regrow them”，即研究可能带来人类肢体再生方法，故选 B。
B
Mangrove Forests: The Ocean's Protectors
Mangrove forests are special ecosystems found along tropical coastlines. These unique trees grow in saltwater, where few other plants can survive. Their roots are exposed at low tide, creating a complex network that looks like a forest underwater.
Mangroves play several important roles. Their roots trap sediment and prevent soil erosion, protecting coastlines from storms and waves. They also provide shelter for many marine creatures, including fish, crabs, and birds. Young fish often grow up in mangrove forests before moving to the open ocean.
These forests are also excellent at absorbing carbon dioxide, helping to fight climate change. They store more carbon than most land forests, making them important for keeping our planet healthy.
Mangroves have been used by humans for centuries. People harvest their wood for building and use their leaves for medicine. However, over-harvesting and coastal development have destroyed many mangrove forests.
Conservation groups are working to protect and restore mangrove ecosystems. They teach local communities about sustainable harvesting and create protected areas. Saving mangroves helps both wildlife and people who depend on these valuable forests.
（ ）36. Where are mangrove forests found
A. In deserts. B. In freshwater lakes.
C. Along tropical coastlines. D. On mountaintops.
解析：由 “found along tropical coastlines” 可知，生长在热带海岸线，故选 C。
（ ）37. What do mangrove roots do
A. They prevent soil erosion. B. They produce a lot of fruit.
C. They grow very slowly. D. They harm marine creatures.
解析：由 “Their roots trap sediment and prevent soil erosion” 可知，根系能防止水土流失，故选 A。
（ ）38. Why are mangroves important for climate change
A. They create more carbon dioxide. B. They absorb carbon dioxide.
C. They cause storms. D. They melt ice.
解析：由 “excellent at absorbing carbon dioxide, helping to fight climate change” 可知，能吸收二氧化碳，故选 B。
（ ）39. How have humans used mangroves
A. For building materials and medicine. B. For food and pets.
C. For fuel and electricity. D. For clothing and cars.
解析：由 “People harvest their wood for building and use their leaves for medicine” 可知，用于建筑材料和药材，故选 A。
（ ）40. What are conservation groups doing to protect mangroves
Cutting them down for wood.
B. Building cities on them.
C. Creating protected areas and teaching sustainability.
D. Polluting their habitat.
解析：由 “create protected areas” 和 “teach local communities about sustainable harvesting” 可知，建立保护区和教授可持续利用是保护措施，故选 C。
C
The Saguaro Cactus: A Desert Giant
The saguaro cactus is an icon of the American Southwest. These impressive plants can grow over 12 meters tall and live for more than 150 years. They develop their first arm when they're about 75 years old, though some never grow arms at all.
Saguaros are perfectly adapted to desert life. Their accordion-like trunks expand to store water during rare rainstorms. A large saguaro can hold up to 800 liters of water—enough to survive several years of drought. Their sharp spines protect them from animals seeking water.
These cacti are important to desert ecosystems. Birds like the Gila woodpecker carve holes in their trunks to build nests. When these birds move out, other animals use the holes for shelter. Saguaro flowers bloom at night and are pollinated by bats and moths. The sweet red fruit provides food for many desert creatures, including deer and coyotes.
Saguaros grow very slowly—only about 2.5 centimeters in their first ten years. This makes them vulnerable to damage. It's illegal to harm a saguaro in Arizona, where most of them grow. Protecting these giants ensures that desert ecosystems remain balanced.
（ ）41. How tall can saguaro cacti grow
A. Over 12 meters. B. Over 150 meters.
C. Over 75 meters. D. Over 800 meters.
解析：由 “can grow over 12 meters tall” 可知，能长到 12 米以上，故选 A。
（ ）42. How do saguaros survive droughts
A. They move to find water. B. They store water in their trunks.
C. They die and regrow later. D. They eat other plants.
解析：由 “Their accordion-like trunks expand to store water... enough to survive several years of drought” 可知，通过树干储水度过干旱，故选 B。
（ ）43. What do Gila woodpeckers do with saguaros
A. Eat their fruit. B. Drink their water.
C. Carve holes for nests. D. Use their spines for protection.
解析：由 “Gila woodpecker carve holes in their trunks to build nests” 可知，啄木鸟在树干凿洞筑巢，故选 C。
（ ）44. Why are saguaros vulnerable
A. They grow very quickly. B. They grow very slowly.
C. They have no protection. D. They live too long.
解析：由 “Saguaros grow very slowly... This makes them vulnerable to damage” 可知，生长缓慢使其易受伤害，故选 B。
（ ）45. What is illegal in Arizona regarding saguaros
A. Growing them. B. Protecting them.
C. Harming them. D. Studying them.
解析：由 “It's illegal to harm a saguaro in Arizona” 可知，伤害它们是违法的，故选 C。
D
Coral Reefs: Rainforests of the Sea
Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Though they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, they are home to about 25% of all marine species. These colorful structures are built by tiny organisms called coral polyps, which live in colonies.
Corals have a symbiotic relationship with algae that live in their tissues. The algae produce food using sunlight, and the corals provide shelter and nutrients. This partnership gives reefs their vibrant colors.
Reefs are important for many reasons. They protect coastlines from waves and storms, much like mangroves. They provide food and income for millions of people who fish in reef areas. Reefs also attract tourists, supporting local economies.
Unfortunately, coral reefs are in danger. Rising ocean temperatures cause coral bleaching, where corals lose their algae and turn white. Pollution, overfishing, and coastal development also damage reefs. It's estimated that half of the world's coral reefs have been lost since the 1950s.
Protecting reefs requires reducing pollution, controlling fishing, and addressing climate change. Many organizations are working to restore damaged reefs by growing coral in nurseries and transplanting it to degraded areas. Saving coral reefs means saving thousands of species that depend on them.
（ ）46. What percentage of the ocean floor do coral reefs cover
A. Less than 1%. B. About 25%.
C. About 50%. D. Over 75%.
解析：由 “Though they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor” 可知，覆盖率不到 1%，故选 A。
（ ）47. What lives in coral tissues and helps give reefs their color
A. Fish. B. Algae.
C. Humans. D. Rocks.
解析：由 “Corals have a symbiotic relationship with algae that live in their tissues... This partnership gives reefs their vibrant colors” 可知，藻类使其呈现彩色，故选 B。
（ ）48. How do reefs help people
A. They provide food and income. B. They create hurricanes.
C. They produce oil. D. They make good building materials.
解析：由 “They provide food and income for millions of people who fish in reef areas” 可知，能提供食物和收入，故选 A。
（ ）49. What causes coral bleaching
A. Too many fish. B. Rising ocean temperatures.
C. Too much shade. D. Cold water.
解析：由 “Rising ocean temperatures cause coral bleaching” 可知，海水升温导致白化，故选 B。
（ ）50. What are organizations doing to restore reefs
A. Removing all fish. B. Growing coral in nurseries.
C. Polluting the water. D. Building on reefs.
解析：由 “growing coral in nurseries and transplanting it to degraded areas” 可知，在苗圃培育珊瑚是恢复措施，故选 B。
Ⅵ. 情景对话选择题（每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（ ）51. A: I saw a documentary about axolotls yesterday. They're amazing!
B: ______
A. What's special about them B. Where do they live
C. How old are they D. What do they eat
解析：A 提到美西螈很神奇，B 应询问其特别之处，A 选项符合语境；B、C、D 均为一般信息，不涉及 “神奇” 的原因，故选 A。
（ ）52. A: ______
B: They prevent soil erosion and provide homes for marine creatures.
What do you think of polar bears
B. How do mangrove trees help the environment
C. Where do saguaro cacti grow
D. Why are coral reefs colorful
解析：B 的回答是红树林对环境的帮助，故 A 的问句应询问其如何帮助环境，B 选项正确；A 问北极熊，C 问生长地，D 问珊瑚颜色原因，均不符，故选 B。
（ ）53. A: Many coral reefs are dying. What can we do to help
B: ______
Use more plastic products.
B. Pollute the ocean.
C. Reduce carbon emissions and recycle.
D. Overfish in reef areas.
解析：保护珊瑚礁需减少污染等，C 选项 “减少碳排放和回收” 是有效措施；A、B、D 均为破坏行为，故选 C。
（ ）54. A: Why is the saguaro cactus important to desert animals
B: ______
A. It provides food and shelter. B. It lives in the ocean.
C. It grows very quickly. D. It can fly.
解析：仙人掌为沙漠动物提供食物和栖息地，A 选项正确；B、D 与仙人掌特性不符，C 与事实相反（生长缓慢），故选 A。
（ ）55. A: Do you know why chameleons change color
B: ______
A. To fly better. B. To hide from predators and communicate.
C. To swim faster. D. To eat more food.
解析：变色龙变色是为隐藏和交流，B 选项正确；A、C、D 均不符合其变色目的，故选 B。
第三部分 词汇语法考察（25 分）
Ⅶ. 词汇题（每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
The axolotl has the amazing ability to ______（再生）lost body parts.
答案：regrow
解析：“再生” 对应的单词是 “regrow”，此处用动词原形，符合语境。
Mangrove trees help ______（防止）soil erosion along coastlines.
答案：prevent
解析：“防止” 对应的单词是 “prevent”，“help do sth” 后接动词原形。
Coral reefs are home to a ______（多样的）range of marine species.
答案：diverse
解析：“多样的” 对应的单词是 “diverse”，修饰名词 “range”。
The saguaro cactus can ______（储存）large amounts of water in its trunk.
答案：store
解析：“储存” 对应的单词是 “store”，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形。
Chameleons can ______（改变）their skin color to match their surroundings.
答案：change
解析：“改变” 对应的单词是 “change”，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形。
Many species are facing ______（灭绝）due to habitat loss.
答案：extinction
解析：“灭绝” 对应的单词是 “extinction”，为不可数名词。
Scientists are studying these creatures to make ______（突破）in medicine.
答案：breakthroughs
解析：“突破” 对应的单词是 “breakthrough”，此处用复数形式表示多项突破。
The Venus flytrap can ______（捕捉）insects with its leaves.
答案：catch
解析：“捕捉” 对应的单词是 “catch”，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形。
Conservationists are working to ______（恢复）damaged ecosystems.
答案：restore
解析：“恢复” 对应的单词是 “restore”，“work to do sth” 后接动词原形。
Desert plants have special ______（适应能力）to survive in dry conditions.
答案：adaptations
解析：“适应能力” 对应的单词是 “adaptation”，用复数形式表示多种能力。
The ______（栖息地）of polar bears is shrinking due to climate change.
答案：habitat
解析：“栖息地” 对应的单词是 “habitat”，此处指北极熊的栖息地，用单数。
We need to reduce our ______（影响）on the natural environment.
答案：impact
解析：“影响” 对应的单词是 “impact”，为不可数名词。
Bats play an important role in ______（授粉）night-blooming flowers.
答案：pollinating
解析：“授粉” 对应的单词是 “pollinate”，介词 “in” 后接动名词形式。
Some animals can ______（伪装）themselves to avoid predators.
答案：camouflage
解析：“伪装” 对应的单词是 “camouflage”，情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形。
______（保护）efforts are necessary to save endangered species.
答案：Conservation
解析：“保护” 对应的单词是 “conservation”，句首首字母大写。
Ⅷ. 语法段落填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
Mangrove forests 71. （be）important ecosystems. They 72. （grow）in coastal areas and 73. （protect）shorelines from storms. Many fish 74. （use）mangroves as nurseries for their young.
Scientists 75. （study）mangroves for many years. They 76. （find）that these forests 77. （absorb）more carbon than other forests. If we 78.（destroy）mangroves, we 79.______（lose）an important tool in fighting climate change.
We 80.______（need）to protect mangroves by reducing pollution and supporting conservation projects.
71.答案：are
解析：主语 “forests” 是复数，一般现在时中 be 动词用 “are”。
72.答案：grow
解析：主语 “they” 是复数，一般现在时中动词用原形 “grow”。
73.答案：protect
解析：与 “grow” 并列，用动词原形 “protect”。
74.答案：use
解析：主语 “fish” 表示复数，一般现在时中动词用原形 “use”。
75.答案：have been studying
解析：“for many years” 表示动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成进行时 “have been studying”。
76.答案：have found
解析：强调研究的结果对现在的影响，用现在完成时 “have found”。
77.答案：absorb
解析：宾语从句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 “forests” 是复数，动词用原形 “absorb”。
78.答案：destroy
解析：if 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语 “we” 后用动词原形 “destroy”。
79.答案：will lose
解析：条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 “will lose”。
80.答案：need
解析：描述现在的需求，用一般现在时，主语 “we” 后用动词原形 “need”。
第四部分 书面表达（15 分）
Ⅸ. 书面表达
请以 "A Remarkable Plant or Animal" 为题，写一篇不少于 80 词的英语短文，描述一种非凡的植物或动物。内容包括：
1.这种植物或动物是什么；
2.它有什么独特的能力或特征；
3.它对生态系统有什么重要性；
4.我们如何保护它。
A Remarkable Plant or Animal
范文：
The axolotl is a remarkable salamander living in Mexico's lakes. Its most amazing ability is regenerating lost body parts—limbs, spinal cords, even parts of its brain and heart. Unlike humans who form scars, it can fully regrow these structures.
Axolotls are vital to their ecosystem as they control insect populations and provide food for larger predators. For science, they offer clues to human tissue regeneration.
Sadly, they're critically endangered due to habitat loss and pollution. To protect them, we must clean their lake habitats, support breeding programs, and reduce urban development around their homes. Saving axolotls means preserving both a unique species and potential medical breakthroughs.
评分标准：
内容完整（4 分）：涵盖物种名称、独特能力、生态重要性及保护措施；
语言准确（5 分）：语法正确，时态恰当（一般现在时为主），用词准确；
结构清晰（3 分）：层次分明，逻辑连贯，有开头、正文和结尾；
书写规范（3 分）：无拼写错误，字数达标（不少于 80 词）。

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