资源简介

(共51张PPT)
Unit 3
The world online
Verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements
教材p99-100
2
1
判断非谓语动词的形式：
→ 表目的和将来，用__________________
→ 表主动和进行，用__________________
→ 表被动和完成，用__________________
确定谓语动词 or 非谓语动词 ？
→填非谓语：句子中已有___________且无________。
逻辑
主语
谓语动词
连词/从句
不定式to do
现在分词doing
过去分词done
V-ing的名称
He is studying.
Running is good for your health.
The dog is tiring.
1.现在分词
2.动名词
3.分词形容词
V-ing form:判断下列V-ing在句子中所充当的成分
Dancing on the stage is my favorite.
Seeing is believing.
The girl playing the violin is my daughter.
I like sitting on the sofa and eating snacks.
Seeing the girl, his face turns red.
I saw a man walking on the roof.
subject主语
subject主语
predicative表语
attributive定语
object宾语
adverbial原因状语
object complement
宾语补足语
Read the website article on P34 .Find the verb-ing forms in the table below.
A
Verb-ing forms as attributives
Verb-ing forms as adverbials
Verb-ing forms as object complements
Read the article (P34) and find the v-ing forms
Working out the rules
active
before
after
观察下列句子，动词-ing形式在句子中充当什么成分
1) The man surfing the Internet is my cousin. ( )
2) My son sat on the sofa, watching English cartoons. ( )
3) I saw my son falling on the floor when I came in. ( )
定语
状语
宾语
补足语
Lead-in
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as attributives
a burning house
a firefighter putting out the fire=a firefighter who was putting out the fire.
Step 1 what is an attributive
Summary:修饰限定名词的词叫定语;定语可以是单个的词也可以是短语，也可以是定语从句.
a washing machine
a swimming pool
a waiting room
a reading room
a machine for washing
a pool for swimming
a room for waiting
a room for reading
a sleeping baby
boiling water
a barking dog
falling leaves
a baby that is sleeping
water that is boiling
a dog that is barking
leaves that are falling
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
1. 单个动词-ing形式作定语，常置于被修饰词之前，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。
单个动词的-ing形式作定语，位于被修饰名词的前面。
-ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰名词之后, 并且相当于一个定语从句。
有些动词-ing形式已转化成分词形容词，
表示“令人……的”。常见如下：
boring, interesting, tiring, exciting, amazing, astonishing, shocking, satisfying...
① The experiment was an amazing success.
② It was an astonishing performance.
那项试验是一个令人惊人的成功。
这是一场令人惊讶的演出。
① He is reading something interesting.
他正在读有趣的内容。
若单个的动词-ing形式修饰的词为those, something, everything, nothing等代词时，则动词-ing形式要放在其后。
① The boy playing football on the playground is my brother.
= The boy who is playing football on the playground is my brother.
② The book _________ _ will be published next month.
这本人们讨论的书将于下月出版。
2. (1) 动词-ing形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词之后，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
主动关系
The book __________ in the class tomorrow is a classic.
明天课上将被讨论的那本书是部经典。
being discussed
to be discussed
区分：being done作定语表正在进行的被动动作;
to be done 作定语表将来的被动动作
被动关系
V-ing的形式
主动形式 被动形式
一般式
完成式
V-ing
being V-ed
having done
having been done
否定式
not +V.-ing
not being done
not having done
not having been done
肯定式
2. (2)动词-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。
① His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
= His brother, __________________________, lives in Beijing.
他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。
who is working as a teacher
1. _________(bark) dogs seldom bite.
2. The wolf yelled in a ____________ voice and Lily felt___________. (frighten)
3. It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ________(sleep) baby.
4. The _________(shake) buildings showed us that an
earthquake was coming.
5. He was____________ by the ____________ performance.(astonish)
Barking
frightening
frightened
sleeping
shaking
astonishing
astonished
练习：将下列句子用适当形式补充完整
① They are living in a house facing the lake.
② The teachers working in this university can apply for an apartment for free.
③ The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
练习：将下列句子改为含有定语从句的形式
= They are living in a house that faces the lake.
= The teachers who/that are working in this university can apply for an apartment for free.
= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
2. 动词-ing形式短语作定语，置于被修饰词之后，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。表示主动进行的动作，动词-ing形式；与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的被动形式，即being done.
e.g.（1）The fly _______(swim) in the soup seems quite content with the soup.
（2）The customer sitting at the table is very angry.（改为定语从句）
= The customer _____________ at the table is very angry.
（3）The people who are talking there are my friends.
= The people ___________________ are my friends.（V-ing形式作后置定语）
（4） Do you know anything about the new film ___________(shoot)
who is sitting
talking there
being shot
swimming
动词-ing形式作定语：
① 单个动词-ing形式作定语，常置于被修饰词_______。有些动词-ing形式已转化成形容词，表示“______________”。
② 动词-ing形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词______，相当于一个_________。
③动词-ing形式作定语，表示________或__________的动作, 也可以表示被修饰对象的一般特征。如要表示被动含义要用_________________结构。
之前
之后
定语从句
主动
Summary: V–ing forms as attributives
令人……的
正在进行
被动(being done)
作定语--比较
［名师点津］动词ing表示主动或正在进行或习惯性的动作；动名词作定语说明用途和功能；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the (change) situation.你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The ground is covered with (fall) leaves.地上满是落叶。
I＇m looking for a room (live) in.我正在找房子住。
changing
to live
fallen
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as adverbials
He rushed to a burning house,saving a litte girl.
A firefighter put out the fire, avoiding unnecessary
injuries and deaths.
Step 1 what is an adverbial
Summary:状语是用于补充说明动作或状态发生的时间、地点 、方式、原因、条件、程度、目的、结果、伴随等 。 现在分词(短语)在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、 让步、方式或伴随状况。ing形式一般不作目的状语（通常用________作目的状语）
to do
1. Standing by the window, I saw a beautiful flower.
2. Being poor, she couldn't afford it.
3. He sat in the sofa reading a book.
4. Using the new tool, you will finish the task quickly.
5. His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
6. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
7. He earns a living driving a taxi.
动词-ing形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状况等，其作用相当于状语从句或并列句。
时间
原因
结果
伴随
条件
让步
方式
想一想，怎么变？
1. Standing by the window, I saw a beautiful flower.
2. Being poor, she couldn't afford it.
3. He sat in the sofa reading a book.
4. Using the new tool, you will finish the task quickly.
5. His father died, leaving the family even worse off.
6. Studying hard, he didn't pass the exam.
7. He earns a living driving a taxi.
动词-ing形式可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随状况等，其作用相当于状语从句或并列句。
时间
原因
结果
伴随
条件
让步
方式
想一想，怎么变？
When I stood
Because she was poor
and read
If you use
and left
Though he studied hard
by driving
注意：
①V-ing形式作状语时与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,
与谓语动作同时发生
Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it.
走进教室时，我发现里面没人。 （时间状语）
He stormed out, slamming the door.
他气冲冲摔门而去。 （伴随状语）
Working hard with a strong will, your dream will come true.
如果你努力学习，你的梦想一定会实现。 （条件状语）
Working hard with a strong will, you will realize your dream.
If you work hard with a strong will, your dream will come true.
×
√
②表示一个已完成的动作，该动作发生或完成在谓语动词之前；V-ing形式作状语时用完成式：having done，被动式是having been done
Delivering the baby, the doctor encouraged the woman to push.
在接生的时候，医生鼓励那个女人用力。
_________________ (deliver) the baby, the doctor washed her
hands and had a rest.
接生完了，医生洗了手并休息了一下。
(raise) on a farm, Tim knows a lot about animals.
蒂姆在农场长大，对动物了解很多。
Having delivered
Having been raised
使用时也要考虑时态哦~
3）现在分词作状语时,要注意分词的时间性.
①当V-ing的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 用分词的一般式。
②当V-ing的动作先发生,而谓语动词的动作后发生时,用分词的完成式。
__________(walk) in the street , I met an old friend of mine .
_______________(finish) the letter , he went to post it .
Walking
Having finished
③动词-ing形式作状语时可在前面加连词，
常见连词：when, once, while, if, though, although, as if, until 等
While watching TV, my grandpa fell asleep.
看电视的时候，爷爷睡着了。（时间状语）
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
虽然没钱，他的父母还是设法把他送到了大学。（让步状语）
Helen sat down in a quiet corner, as if waiting for someone to come.
海伦坐在一个安静的角落里，好像在等别人来。（方式状语）
区分：
to do作结果状语表意料之外的结果, 常和only连用；
V-ing作结果状语表主句动作所带来的必然或自然的结果
An earthquake hit the city, (cause) 10 deaths.
He went to the seaside only (drown).
他到海边去，结果淹死了。
causing
to be drowned
独立主格结构
动词ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己的独立主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间，原因或条件。
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The trees are extremely tall, some over 90 meters.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
The weather ,we went out for a walk.
being fine
measuring
一般来说
从……判断
从全盘考虑
e.g.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
动词 ing形式作评注性状语
有些动词 ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度，观点等。
generally speaking
judging by/from ...
taking everything into consideration
Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
1. For a moment, I hesitated, not ________(want) to tell her the truth.
2. _________ (use) as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful and convenient.
3. The amusement park____________(build) over there now is a new theme park.
4. The song ________(sing) all over the country, _______(make) it the most popular song.
5. We are all nervous about the _______(come) exams.
6. ____________________ (not invite) to the party, Lucy was upset.
wanting
Used
being built
making
练习：将下列句子用适当形式补充完整
coming
is sung
Not having been invited
v-ing形式作状语:
1)动词-ing形式可用作状语，其逻辑主语必须与______一致,构成____关系，可以表示_____、 _____、_____、_____、_____、或_________等，其作用相当于状语从句或并列句。可置于_______,也可置于________,但表示结果和伴随时常置于_______。
2)动词-ing形式用作状语时，可以在前面加__________。如once, although, if, though, until, when等。
时间
结果
条件
Summary: V–ing forms as adverbials
原因
让步
伴随
句首
句末
句末
连词
主句的主语
主动
注意！非谓语做状语时的主语要和和主句的主语一致
Focus on
基本用法
V–ing forms as object
complements
Step 1 What is an object complement
宾语补足语是放在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作和状态等.
(1) 放在表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词后作宾补。
常见的有watch, see， hear, feel, find, notice, smell, observe, look at, listen to等。
动词-ing对宾语进行补充说明, 与宾语构成主动关系,
表示一个正在进行的动作
I felt somebody ________ (pat) me on the shoulder.
Can you smell anything _________ (burn)
I didn’t notice him ________ (wait) at the gate.
V-ing形式作宾补
patting
burning
waiting
(2)在使役动词, “使，让”的动词后作宾补 have/keep/set/get…+sb/sth + doing sth.
常见的还有let, catch, leave等。
动词-ing对宾语进行补充说明, 与宾语构成主动关系,
表示“使……一直做、让……处于某种状态”
I won’t have you doing that.
I’m sorry to have kept you ________ (wait).
I can’t get the clock _______ (go) again.
V-ing形式作宾补
waiting
going
三、动词-ing形式在with复合结构中作宾补
动词-ing对宾语进行补充说明, 与宾语构成主动关系
With so much work filling my mind, I almost break down.
我满脑子都是工作，快要崩溃了。
With Christmas approaching, a Christmas party will be
held in the school.
圣诞节要到了，学校要举行一个圣诞晚会。
宾补和宾语从句的渊源
I found that this book was interesting.
I saw that he was eating in English class.
rules: 动词+宾语+v-ing 作宾补，相当于动词+宾语从句。
v-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语放在______后面，表示一个___________________动作，或一直在进行的动作。现在分词可以用在表示_____和________的动词的宾语之后，常见的有feel, hear, watch, see, find, notice, smell, observe, catch, look at, listen to等。也可以放在表示________的动词的宾语之后，常见的有have, keep, set, get, leave等。
宾语
正在进行的主动性的
Summary: V–ing forms as object complements
感官
心理状态
使役意义
“五看，三室（使），两厅（听），一感觉，一发现”
look at, see, watch, notice, observe, have, keep, leave, hear, listen to, find, feel等。
1. 判断要填谓语还是非谓语
2. 找到动词的主语
3. 判断主被动
4. 与谓语动词的时间先后
做题步骤：
1. And when he saw the mists rising from the
river and the soft clouds _____________
(surround) the mountain tops, he was
reduced to tears. (2020 全国Ⅲ卷)
surrounding
考察非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾从江上升起，柔软的云围绕着山顶时，他流下了眼泪。设空处是非谓语动词作宾补，surround与宾语soft clouds之间是主动关系，要用v.-ing形式。故填surrounding.
实战高考
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated.
2. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.
3. Every time Gina catches her employees _______(waste) time，she reminds them that time is priceless.
4. I’m sorry to have kept you _______(wait) for so long.
5. ____________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
allowing
ranging
wasting
waiting
Having spent
1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.
2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.
3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful.
4. I find my wallet stealing.
Not having
working
Seeing
stolen
单句改错
5. “ Can’t you read ” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.
6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.
7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.
pointing
Knock
making
1. I saw that Jess was doing research online in the computer room.
I saw _________________________ in the computer room.
2. Anybody who goes online should be careful about their personal information.
___________________ should be careful about their personal information.
3. When he heard the news, he jumped for joy.
_______________, he jumped for joy.
4. After I searched the Internet for information, I started writing my article.
________________________________________, I started writing my article.
Jess doing research online
Anybody going online
Rewrite the sentences using the verb-ing forms in Part B1 on Page 35
Hearing the news
Having searched the Internet for information
B1
OC
attributive
adverbial
adverbial
thinking
amazing
cutting
Using
Having had
running

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