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Unit3 (单词讲义）
1. compare
- v. 比较，对比；比作
【重点短语】...与...做比较
把...比作...
How do we compare with each other
Let’s compare this article ____________ that one.
让我们把这篇文章和那篇文章做个对比。
She compares her eyes ___________ stars. 她把眼睛比做星星。
- 适当形式
comparison(n.) 对比，比较 ___________ comparison 做比较
2. shy
- adj. 害羞的(形容性格)
她太害羞了以至于不敢向任何人求助。
反义词：____________ (adj.) 外向的，爱交际的
3. lazy
- adj. 懒惰的，懒洋洋的
I’m feeling too lazy to go out. He is such a lazy boy.
反义词：_______________ (adj.) 勤奋的
- 适当形式 (adj.) 更懒惰的
4. loud
- adv. 响亮地(非正式口语)
sing/speak/talk/laugh loud
- 同义词
loudly(adv.) 大声地(较为正式) He argued loudly in the library.
aloud(adv.) 出声地；大声地 The teacher asked us to read the text aloud.
【常见搭配】 大声朗读
- adj. 大声的 The music is too loud.
- 适当形式 _______________ (adv./adj.) 更大声地/更大声的
练习： He has a voice.
Please read____________.
5. perform
- v. 表演；执行
Peter encourages Chen Jie to perform at the music festival
A computer can perform many tasks at once.
- 适当形式
______________ (n.) 表演者；执行者 performance(n.) 表演；表现；执行
6. solve
- v. 解决；解答，破解
【常见搭配】解决问题
解出数学难题
7. congratulation
- n. 祝贺，恭喜
We won the first prize at the music festival. Congratulations!
【常见搭配】恭喜某人
恭喜某人某事
祝贺你赢得比赛。
Congratulations _________ you both! 祝贺你们俩。
8. prize
- n. 奖；奖励；奖赏；奖品
【常见搭配】赢得奖项
赢得第一名
9. attend
- v. 参加，出席(正式用词)
You attended the festival last year and this year.
attend the meeting / a wedding 出席会议/婚礼
attend ___________ 上学
- 近义辨析
(1) join(v.) 加入党派团体组织；加入某人(一起做某事)
(2) join in 临时参加某个进行中的活动
(3) take part in 参加，参与(活动或事件), 强调在活动中发挥作用 ， take part in the school play
练习：1.Would you like us for lunch
2.He meeting yesterday.
3.He wanted the club.
4. Can I the game
10. as … as …- “和…一样 … ”
I work as hard as her.
该句型中第一个as(adv.) 一样地。第二个as(prep./conj.) 和 …一样，用于引出比较对象,中间用形容词或副词的原级。
She is tall. She is ___________________. 她跟她姐姐一样高。
She runs quickly.She runs ___________________. 她跟她姐姐跑得一样快。
- 反义词组 not as/so ... as 不如...
11. besides
①besides 表示“除……之外(还有)”， 强调被排除的部分也包含在内。
Besides English, she speaks French well.
- adv. 此外
The food is cheap. Besides, it’s delicious.
（同义词：Also, What’s more）
- 区分:②except(prep./conj.) 除…之外（排除同类中某个个体）
All students passed the exam except Tom.
③but 表示“除……之外(什么也没有)”，常与no, nobody, all, nothing等词连用。
练习：
①We went there Tom last time. This time we’ll all go there Tom.
上次除汤姆外，我们都去那里了。这次除了汤姆，我们也都会去那里。
②I know nothing his name. 除了他的名字外，我什么也不知道。
12. spare
- adj. 空闲的(修饰一段时间)；备用的；闲置的
How do you spend your spare time/ ___________
What do you usually do ________________ 你空闲时间通常做什么 ？
Do you have a spare key
- v. 抽出，拨出(时间，金钱等)
【常见搭配】为某人抽出...
你能为我抽出几分钟吗？
=
13. pleasure
- n. 荣幸(不可数)
Thank you for talking with me.
回答__________.
Can you help me move the table
_______________. “我很乐意”（礼貌地回应请求）
- n. 乐事(可数)；愉悦(不可数)
【常见句型】很荣幸做某事
It’s a pleasure to talk with you.
Reading gives me great pleasure.
14. have … in common
- “有一些共同之处”
What do Emma and Ella have in common
Emma and Ella have _____________ in common. Emma 和Ella有很多共同之处。
Emma and Ella have ____________ in common. Emma和Ella没什么共同之处。
15. appearance
- n. 外表；露面(可数/不可数)
People have different appearances.
We shouldn’t judge a person by appearance.
The sudden appearance of the dog scared her.
- 适当形式
_______________ (v.) 看起来好像；出现
16. personality
- n. 性格(可数/不可数）
People have different ____________.
- 适当形式
____________ (adj.) 个人的 ___________ (n.)
17. serious
- adj. 严肃的，稳重的(形容人的性格，态度，或场合)
Lucy is more serious than me.
- adj. 认真的，专注的
She is serious ________ her studies. 她对待学习态度认真。
- adj. 严重的(问题，情况) The pollution is serious.
- adj. 重要的，需要认真考虑的 This is a serious plan.
- 适当形式
seriously(adv.) 认真地；严肃地 You should ___________ your health __________.
18. strength
- n. 优势(可数)；力量(不可数)
One of her strengths is her ability to sing well.
I don’t have the strength to move the rock.
- 适当形式 ___________ (adj.) 强大的，强壮的
19. fact
- n. 事实(客观发生的事情)；现实(客观存在，非虚构的情况)
【常见句型】事实上
___________(事实上), he never even went to college.
As a matter of fact, he was very kind and understanding.
She has to face the fact (that she would never walk again).
20. slim
- adj. 苗条的；薄的；(机会，可能性)微小的
Julie is _________________. 他又高又瘦。
She is holding a slim book. slim chance 渺茫的机会
- 反义词fat(adj.) 肥胖的 overweight(adj.) 超重的 heavy(adj.) 体重重的
- 适当形式_____________ (adj.) 更苗条的
21. population
- n. 人口总数；全体人口
This country ______________ 5 million. 这个国家拥有5百万人口。
The population of this country _________ about 5 million.
About 60% of the population in this country ___________ farmers.
China has a _____________ population. 中国人口庞大。
Iceland has a _____________ population. 冰岛人口稀少。
22. average
- adj. 平均的；平常的，普通的
average temperature 平均温度 average rainfall per year 平均年降雨量
He is an average student.
- n. 平均数；一般水准
23. per
- prep. 每(限定一个条件)
average rainfall per year The price is 88RMB per person.
- 近义词
each(adj./pron.) 每个
24. pleasant
- adj. 宜人的(事物)；友好的(形容人)
Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January.
It was pleasant to stay here.
Please try to be pleasant _____________ others. 请试着对其他人友好一些。
反义词：unpleasant(adj.) 令人不愉快的；不友好
25. alike
- adj. 相像的；
Some people think friends should be alike.
Emma and Ella ____________. 看起来很像
反义词：different(adj.) 不同的
- adv. 相似地
The teacher treats all students alike.
26. mirror
- n. 镜子
Good friends are like mirrors.
Look at yourself__________ the mirror. You look so tired.
- n. 写照. Art is a mirror of society.
27. interest
- n. 业余爱好(可数)；兴趣
We have similar hobbies and interests.
【常见搭配】对... 产生兴趣
I have great interest __________ singing.
- v. 使感兴趣
我对篮球很感兴趣。
Basketball really me.
I’m really _________ basketball.
- 适当形式
interesting(adj.) 有趣的 interested(adj.) 感兴趣的
28. difference
- n. 差异(可数/不可数)
We should respect each other’s differences.
There is a big difference ___________ cats __________ dogs. 猫和狗之间有很大不同。
The difference _________ their appearance is quite big.
【常见搭配】对... 产生影响/积极作用
His hard work . 他的努力起到了作用。
- 适当形式different(adj.) 不同的
【常见搭配】与...不同
We are different _________ each other.
29. sense
- n.感官，感觉; 观念，意识- n. 理解力，判断
Dogs have a strong sense of___________. 嗅觉
sense of__________ 方向感
- n. 意义，意思(了解)
【常见搭配】常识 说得通；有道理
This plan makes sense.说得通，有道理
- v. 感觉到；意识到
30. humour
- n. 幽默
sense of humour
- 适当形式 humorous(adj.) 幽默风趣的
31. thanks to
- “多亏了”相当于介词，引出积极正面的事情
Thanks to her, I’m becoming more outgoing.
Thanks to ____________ , I passed the exam. 多亏了你的帮忙，我 通过了考试。
- “由于，因为”，也可描述由某种原因导致的消极的结果
Thanks to the heavy rain, I was late for school.
= ______________ the heavy rain, I was late for school.
32. less
- adj. 较少的，更少的
You should drink less beer. 此时可视为_________的比较级
- adv. 较少地，更少地
I read less than I used to. 此时可视为 little的比较级
I’m less straightforward than he is. 在形容词或副词前加less，构成比较级“更不怎样的” ____________________ “没那么勤奋的”
- pron. 较少，更少
Less is more. 此时可视为little的比较级
33. opinion
- n. 观点，看法
He is not afraid to give his opinion.
_______________, this movie is interesting.
= I think that this movie is interesting, What’s your opinions ______________ …
关于…你有什么看法？
34. honest
- adj. 坦诚的，诚实的
I’m glad to have .（一个诚实的朋友）
____________, I don’t like your new coat. 老实说，我不太喜欢你的新外套。
Please be honest ___________ me.
She wasn’t honest __________ her age.
- 适当形式
____________ (n.) 诚实 dishonest(adj.) 不诚实的
35. direct
- adj. 直率的，直接的(人，观点，问题等)
give direct opinions That’s a _______________ . 那是个直接的问题。
He is direct. He always says what he thinks.
- v. 管理监督，指导；指挥，导演；指路(了解)
She directed the team to finish the project.
The movie was directed by XXX.
Can you direct me to the nearest hospital
- 适当形式
director(n.) 指导者；指挥者；导演 direction(n.) 方向
36. similarity
- n. 相似之处(可数)；相似性(不可数)
What can similarities bring to friendship
There is a strong similarity ___________ the two languages.
The similarities ____________ their personalities made them become good friends.
similarities ___________ sb 与某人的相似之处
反义词：________________
- 适当形式
similar(adj.) 相似的 【常见搭配】与...相似
37. friendship
- n.一段友谊(可数)；友谊(不可数)
She built a close friendship ___________ Alice. 她与Alice建立了亲密的友谊。
The friendship ___________ them is strong. 他们之间的友谊很牢固。
38. character
- n.角色人物；个性；字母
The prince, Edward and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in XXX.
cartoon characters Chinese characters
39. exchange
- v. 交换
Let’s exchange some ideas __________ each other.
She exchanged some eggs _________ a bag of rice.
- n. 交换，交流，兑换
I gave him my old bike in exchange for his guitar.
40. accident
- n. 事故；意外，意外发生的事
They exchanged lives by accident. “偶然地，不经意地”
【常见搭配】偶然地，意外的
Have you heard about the serious _____________ 严重的汽车事故
- 适当形式
accidental(adj.) 意外的，偶然的 accidentally(adv.) 意外地，偶然地
41. expect
- v. 预料
People’s lives were much harder than he expected.
We are expecting a heavy rain.
- v. 期待
【常见搭配】期待（某人）做某事
We can’t expect ___________ (make) progress without hard work.
The mother expected her son ____________ (become) a writer.
42. situation
- n. 情况，状况
She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations.
I don’t want to ___________ (陷入) such embarrassing situations again.
______________(在这样的情况下), we should keep calm.
43. reach
- v. 伸手
He reached out his hand.
- v. 到达；达到；实现
【常见搭配】到达某地
We finally reached the top of the mountain at noon.
The temperature can reach 40 degrees Celsius.
44. touch
- v. 触动；触碰
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. I was deeply touched by his kindness.
近义词：____________ (v.) 使感动；移动；移居
- 适当形式
touching(adj.) 令人感动的 touched(adj.) 感到感动的
The ____________ movie made me feel ____________.

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