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外研版八上Unit 6 When disaster strikes.期末派生法背记单词
序号 原词 例句 派生词 例句
1 limit / l m t/ v.（在数量上）限制，限定 We must limit the time for games. 我们必须限制玩游戏的时间。 limited / l m t d/ adj. 有限的limit / l m t/ n. 限制 Our time is limited. 我们的时间是有限的。There's a limit to what I can do. 我能做的事是有限度的。
2 careless / ke l s/ adj. 不小心的，粗心的 He made a careless mistake in the exam. 他考试中犯了个粗心的错误。 carelessly / ke l sl / adv. 粗心地careful / ke fl/ adj. 仔细的 She wrote carelessly and made many mistakes. 她写得很粗心，犯了很多错。Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要仔细。
3 aware / we / adj. 意识到的，明白的 I'm aware of the importance of study. 我意识到学习的重要性。 awareness / we n s/ n. 意识unaware / n we / adj. 没意识到的 We need to raise environmental awareness. 我们需要提高环保意识。She was unaware of the danger. 她没意识到危险。
4 cheat /t i t/ v. 欺诈，欺骗 He tried to cheat in the game. 他试图在比赛中作弊。 cheat /t i t/ n. 骗子cheating / t i t / adj. 欺骗的 The cheat took his money. 那个骗子拿走了他的钱。Cheating is not allowed in exams. 考试中不允许作弊。
5 trust /tr st/ v. 信任，信赖，相信 I trust my best friend. 我信任我最好的朋友。 trust /tr st/ n. 信任trustworthy / tr stw i/ adj. 值得信赖的 There is deep trust between us. 我们之间有深厚的信任。She is a trustworthy classmate. 她是个值得信赖的同学。
6 enemy / en mi/ n. 敌人 The two countries were enemies in the past. 这两个国家过去是敌人。 enmity / enm ti/ n. 敌意friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的 There is no enmity between them now. 他们现在没有敌意了。He is friendly to everyone in class. 他对班上每个人都很友好。
7 behave /b he v/ v. 表现 The children behave well in class. 孩子们在课堂上表现很好。 behavior /b he vj / n. 行为well-behaved / wel b he vd/ adj. 表现好的 His good behavior made the teacher happy. 他的良好行为让老师很高兴。She is a well-behaved student. 她是个表现好的学生。
8 cyberbullying / sa b b li / n. 网络欺凌 Cyberbullying can hurt people's feelings. 网络欺凌会伤害人的感情。 bully / b li/ v. 欺凌cyber / sa b / adj. 网络的 Don't bully your classmates. 不要欺凌同学。We learn cyber safety at school. 我们在学校学习网络安全知识。
9 lost /l st/ adj. 丢失的，遗失的 I found a lost cat in the park. 我在公园发现一只丢失的猫。 lose /lu z/ v. 丢失loss /l s/ n. 损失 Don't lose your keys. 别弄丢你的钥匙。The loss of his book made him sad. 丢了书让他很伤心。
10 ground /ɡra nd/ n. 地，地面 The ball rolled on the ground. 球在地上滚动。 grounded / ɡra nd d/ adj. 脚踏实地的grounding / ɡra nd / n. 基础训练 He is a grounded boy who never lies. 他是个脚踏实地、从不说谎的男孩。She has a good grounding in math. 她数学基础很好。
11 scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕的，恐惧的 She is scared of dark. 她害怕黑暗。 scare /ske / v. 使害怕scary / ske ri/ adj. 吓人的 The loud noise scared the baby. 巨响吓到了宝宝。The scary movie made her cry. 这部吓人的电影让她哭了。
12 shut / t/ v.（使）关（合）上 Please shut the window. 请关上窗户。 shut / t/ adj. 关闭的shutdown / tda n/ n. 关闭 The shop is shut on Sundays. 商店周日关门。The sudden shutdown of the computer made me angry. 电脑突然关机让我很生气。
13 shocking / k / adj. 惊人的，骇人的 The shocking news surprised everyone. 这个惊人的消息让所有人都很惊讶。 shock / k/ v. 使震惊shocked / kt/ adj. 感到震惊的 The accident shocked the whole town. 这起事故震惊了整个小镇。We were shocked by his death. 我们对他的去世感到震惊。
14 coach /k t / n. 公共马车，四轮大马车 The old coach carried many travelers. 这辆旧马车载了很多旅客。 coach /k t / v. 训练coaching / k t / n. 训练 He coaches the school basketball team. 他训练学校篮球队。She takes piano coaching every week. 她每周上钢琴训练课。
15 straight /stre t/ adv. 笔直地，成直线地 Go straight along this road for 10 minutes. 沿着这条路笔直走10分钟。 straight /stre t/ adj. 笔直的straightness / stre tn s/ n. 笔直 This is a straight line. 这是一条直线。The straightness of the pole makes it look tall. 这根杆子很直，看起来很高。
16 sand /s nd/ n. 沙滩 We built a castle on the sand. 我们在沙滩上堆了一座城堡。 sandy / s ndi/ adj. 多沙的sand /s nd/ v. 用砂纸打磨 We walked on a sandy path. 我们走在一条多沙的小路上。He sanded the wood until it was smooth. 他把木头打磨到光滑为止。
17 flood /fl d/ n. 洪水，水灾 The flood destroyed many houses. 洪水冲毁了很多房子。 flood /fl d/ v. 淹没flooding / fl d / n. 洪水泛滥 Heavy rain flooded the street. 大雨淹没了街道。Flooding is common in this area in summer. 这个地区夏天经常发洪水。
18 thick /θ k/ adj. 浓密的；混浊的 The tree has thick green leaves. 这棵树有浓密的绿叶。 thickly / θ kli/ adv. 浓密地thickness / θ kn s/ n. 厚度 Leaves grow thickly on the branches. 树枝上叶子长得很浓密。The thickness of the book is 3 centimeters. 这本书的厚度是3厘米。
19 smoke /sm k/ n.（燃烧产生的）烟 Smoke came out of the kitchen. 厨房里冒出烟来。 smoke /sm k/ v. 吸烟smoky / sm ki/ adj. 冒烟的 Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟有害健康。The smoky room made me cough. 烟雾弥漫的房间让我咳嗽。
20 shower / a / n. 一大批，一阵 A shower of rain stopped our game. 一阵雨中断了我们的比赛。 shower / a / v. 下阵雨showery / a ri/ adj. 多阵雨的 It started to shower in the afternoon. 下午开始下阵雨。Tomorrow will be showery, so take an umbrella. 明天多阵雨，所以带把伞。
21 historical /h st r kl/ adj.（有关）历史的 We visited a historical place last week. 我们上周参观了一个历史景点。 history / h stri/ n. 历史historically /h st r kli/ adv. 从历史角度 History is my favorite subject. 历史是我最喜欢的科目。Historically, this city was very important. 从历史上看，这座城市很重要。
22 expert / eksp t/ n. 专家 He is an expert on animals. 他是动物专家。 expert / eksp t/ adj. 熟练的expertly / eksp tli/ adv. 熟练地 She is expert at drawing. 她擅长画画。He expertly fixed the broken bike. 他熟练地修好了坏自行车。
23 timeline / ta mla n/ n. 时间表 We made a timeline for our trip. 我们为旅行制定了时间表。 time /ta m/ n. 时间line /la n/ n. 线条 We have no time to waste. 我们没有时间浪费。Draw a straight line on the paper. 在纸上画一条直线。
24 reaction /ri k n/ n. 反应 Her reaction to the news was happy. 她对这个消息的反应是高兴的。 react /ri kt/ v. 反应reactive /ri kt v/ adj. 有反应的 How did he react to your gift 他对你的礼物有什么反应？The chemical is reactive to water. 这种化学物质对水有反应。
25 airline / e la n/ n. 航空公司 We took an airline to Shanghai. 我们乘航空公司的飞机去上海。 air /e / n. 空气line /la n/ n. 路线 Fresh air is good for our health. 新鲜空气对我们的健康有益。This is a new bus line. 这是一条新公交路线。
26 weekday / wi kde / n. 工作日 We go to school on weekdays. 我们工作日上学。 week /wi k/ n. 周daily / de li/ adj. 日常的 There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。We do daily exercise to keep fit. 我们做日常锻炼来保持健康。
27 railway / re lwe / n. 铁路，铁道 The train runs on the railway. 火车在铁路上行驶。 rail /re l/ n. 铁轨way /we / n. 道路 The rail is made of steel. 铁轨是钢做的。This is the way to the park. 这是去公园的路。
28 rainstorm / re nst m/ n. 暴风雨 A heavy rainstorm hit the city last night. 昨晚一场大暴风雨袭击了这座城市。 rain /re n/ n. 雨storm /st m/ n. 风暴 Rain is good for crops. 雨水对庄稼有益。The storm broke many trees. 暴风雨折断了很多树。
29 service / s v s/ n. 服务 The hotel offers good service. 这家酒店提供优质服务。 serve /s v/ v. 服务serviceable / s v s bl/ adj. 有用的 She serves customers with a smile. 她微笑着为顾客服务。This old pen is still serviceable. 这支旧钢笔还能用。
30 motherland / m l nd/ n. 祖国 We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。 mother / m / n. 母亲land /l nd/ n. 土地 My mother cooks for me every day. 我妈妈每天给我做饭。Farmers work hard on the land. 农民在土地上辛勤劳作。
31 develop /d vel p/ v.（使）发展 Plants develop from seeds. 植物由种子生长。 development /d vel pm nt/ n. 发展developing /d vel p / adj. 发展中的 The development of the city is fast. 这座城市发展很快。China is a developing country. 中国是发展中国家。
32 terrible / ter bl/ adj. 非常严重的 He had a terrible cold. 他得了重感冒。 terribly / ter bli/ adv. 非常；可怕地terror / ter / n. 恐惧 I'm terribly sorry for being late. 我为迟到感到非常抱歉。She screamed in terror when she saw the snake. 她看到蛇时恐惧地尖叫。
33 warning / w n / n. 警告，警示 There is a warning sign by the river. 河边有个警告标志。 warn /w n/ v. 警告warning / w n / adj. 警告的 The teacher warned us not to run in the hall. 老师警告我们不要在走廊里跑。There is a warning light on the machine. 机器上有个警示灯。
34 text /tekst/ n. 短信，短消息 I got a text from my mom. 我收到妈妈的短信。 text /tekst/ v. 发短信textual / tekst u l/ adj. 文本的 She texted me to come home early. 她发短信让我早点回家。We need to check textual errors in the article. 我们需要检查文章中的文本错误。
35 programme / pr ɡr m/ n.（电视或广播的）节目 I watched a funny programme last night. 我昨晚看了一个有趣的节目。 program / pr ɡr m/ v. 编程（美式）programmed / pr ɡr md/ adj. 程序化的 He can program a computer. 他会给电脑编程。This is a programmed toy that can sing. 这是一个会唱歌的程序化玩具。
36 danger / de nd / n. 危险 There is danger in the deep water. 深水里有危险。 dangerous / de nd r s/ adj. 危险的dangerously / de nd r sli/ adv. 危险地 Tigers are dangerous animals. 老虎是危险的动物。He drove dangerously fast. 他开车快得危险。
38 iron / a n/ n. 铁 The bridge is made of iron. 这座桥是铁做的。 iron / a n/ v. 熨烫iron / a n/ adj. 铁制的 Mom irons my clothes every morning. 妈妈每天早上熨我的衣服。He has an iron box. 他有个铁盒子。
39 fashion / f n/ n. 时尚 She likes to follow new fashion. 她喜欢追新时尚。 fashionable / f n bl/ adj. 时尚的fashionably / f n bli/ adv. 时尚地 She wears fashionable clothes. 她穿时尚的衣服。He dresses fashionably for the party. 他为派对穿得很时尚。
40 slim /sl m/ adj. 苗条的，修长的 She has a slim figure. 她身材苗条。 slim /sl m/ v. 变苗条slimly / sl mli/ adv. 苗条地 She wants to slim down by exercising. 她想通过锻炼变苗条。She walks slimly with a smile. 她微笑着，姿态苗条地走着。
41 bleed /bli d/ v. 流血，出血 If you cut your finger, it will bleed. 如果你割到手指，会流血。 blood /bl d/ n. 血bloody / bl di/ adj. 流血的 Blood is red. 血是红色的。He has a bloody nose from the fall. 他摔倒后流鼻血了。
42 uncomfortable / n k mf t bl/ adj. 不舒服的 The hard chair is uncomfortable. 这把硬椅子不舒服。 comfortable / k mf t bl/ adj. 舒服的comfort / k mf t/ n. 舒适 This soft bed is comfortable. 这张软床很舒服。We live in comfort in our new home. 我们在新家生活得很舒适。
44 encouraging / n k r d / adj. 令人鼓舞的 His encouraging words made me try again. 他鼓舞人心的话让我再试一次。 encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励encouragement / n k r d m nt/ n. 鼓励 Teachers encourage us to study hard. 老师鼓励我们努力学习。Her encouragement helped me succeed. 她的鼓励帮助我成功了。
45 herself /h self/ pron. 她自己 She finished the work by herself. 她自己完成了这项工作。 her /h / pron. 她的self /self/ n. 自己 This is her book. 这是她的书。She always thinks of others more than self. 她总是想着别人，多于自己。
46 university / ju n v s ti/ n. 大学 He studies at a famous university. 他在一所著名大学学习。 universal / ju n v sl/ adj. 普遍的universe / ju n v s/ n. 宇宙 Love is a universal feeling. 爱是一种普遍的情感。We live in a big universe. 我们生活在一个大宇宙中。
47 honour / n / n. 荣幸，光荣 It's an honour to meet you. 见到你很荣幸。 honour / n / v. 尊敬honourable / n r bl/ adj. 光荣的 We honour our teachers on Teachers' Day. 我们在教师节向老师表示尊敬。It's an honourable job to help others. 帮助别人是一份光荣的工作。
48 wound /wu nd/ n. 伤痛，伤害 He has a wound on his leg from the accident. 他腿上有一处事故造成的伤口。 wound /wu nd/ v. 伤害wounded / wu nd d/ adj. 受伤的 The sharp stone wounded his foot. 尖石头弄伤了他的脚。The wounded soldier was sent to hospital. 受伤的士兵被送往医院。
49 heroine / her n/ n. 女英雄 She is a heroine in the story. 她是故事中的女英雄。 hero / h r / n. 英雄heroic /h r k/ adj. 英雄的 He is a hero who saved the child. 他是救了那个孩子的英雄。They made a heroic effort to help. 他们做出了英雄般的努力去帮忙。

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