资源简介

Unit 4 Friends forever
明晰目标——构建单元体系
［核心单词］ forever familiar adventure prefer
deliver advance significantly maintain enable
unusual tend acquire prove diagram
inspiring teenager comfort patience passion
quality anxious postpone distance ordinary
fortune partner appointed strike plain
scene bitterly ashamed location surroundings
personality atmosphere
［重点短语］ lose track of， thanks to， stay in touch with， （be） up to， connect...with...， keep（...）in mind， leave work， make one's fortune， ought to， work out， hear from， be worth it， turn up
［重点句型］1.“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句2.have+宾语+宾语补足语
［单元语法］定语从句（1）
［写作任务］续写友情篇章
主题引领——话题语基培优
［Types of friends］
peer n. 同辈
buddy n.朋友;同伴
childhood friend儿时的伙伴
trusted friend值得信赖的朋友
pen pal笔友
close friend亲密的朋友
school friend同窗；校友
loyal friend忠实的朋友
［Negative aspects］
impolite adj.不礼貌的
false adj.虚伪的
tolerance n.忍受；容忍
rude adj.粗鲁的
selfish adj.自私的
have words with...与……争吵
friendship on the rocks友谊触礁
be bored with厌烦
blame sb. for sth.因某事责备某人
［Positive aspects］
understanding n. 理解
generous adj.慷慨的
respect vt. & n.尊重
accompany vt.陪伴
optimism n.乐观
modest adj.谦虚的
harmony n.和睦；和谐
selfless adj.无私的
cooperate vi.合作
reliable adj.可靠的
admirable adj.可钦佩的
be ready to help others乐于助人
depend/rely on依靠;信任
share...with...与……分享……
be concerned for/about...对……关心
have sth. in common有共同之处
get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融洽
full and frank talks深入、坦诚的交谈
话题佳句
1.There is nothing on this earth more to be prized than true friendship.
世界上没有什么比真正的友谊更珍贵。
2.Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.
在黑暗中与朋友并肩同行胜过在光亮中独自行走。
3.Friendship is the most precious thing between heaven and earth. Deep friendship is the greatest comfort in life. 友谊是天地间最可贵的东西,深厚的友谊是人生中最大的安慰。
Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
精读课文 语篇理解
Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The methods of making friends online.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of making friends online.
C. How to make friends on the Internet.
D. How to stay in touch with friends in the digital age.
[答案]B
Activity 2 Structure and Clues
[答案]communicate； touch； share； exchange； tendency； longing
Activity 3 Reading for Details
1．How do we usually keep in touch with faraway friends nowadays
A. By writing letters. B. By meeting face to face.
C. By sending e-mails. D. By using social media tools.
[答案]D
2．What does the sentence “on the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog” mean in the seventh paragraph
A. You don't exactly know who the person on the Internet is.
B. You may communicate with a dog on the Internet.
C. You can pretend to be a dog on the Internet.
D. You may have a chance to be a lucky dog on the Internet.
[答案]A
3．Which of the following online situations is more likely to be real friendship
A. He shows you his real name and address.
B. An old man's post says he is only 20 years old.
C. A young girl's screen name is a male's name.
D. A woman often asks you to transfer money to her.
[答案]A
4．What is the author's attitude towards online friendship
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
[答案]D
Activity 4 Structural Analysis
1．How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends （Para.1）
［分析］ 本句中“if moving to...your friends”为if引导的_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 从句，其中moving to a new town为动词-ing 短语作_ _ ，losing track of your friends为动词-ing 短语作_ _ 。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]条件状语； 主语； 宾语； 如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与你的朋友失去联系，你会有什么样的感受呢？
2．But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.（Para.6）
［分析］ 本句中“that what we see...truth about a person”为that引导的_ _ 从句，其中what we see on social media为what引导的_ _ 从句，often not the whole truth about a person作_ _ 。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]宾语； 主语； 表语； 但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
Activity 5 Grammar Filling for the passage
Not very long ago, people 1. （contact） their friends faraway only by writing letters. With 2. development of technology, people keep 3. touch with their friends with social media tools nowadays. They find their friends with the same interests and maintain friendships, even though they live in different countries.
However, there is one disadvantage of making friends online. People tend 4. （post） only good things to make them appear happy and 5. （friend）. In fact, we can't 6. （exact） know who the person on the Internet is. The person online may act as anyone 7. he likes to be.
Although technology 8. （change） the way of making friends， the meaning of friendship and our 9. （long） for friends 10. （remain） the same. No one can live without a friend.
[答案]
1．contacted
2．the
3．in
4．to post
5．friendly
6．exactly
7．who
8．has changed
9．longing
10．remain
Activity 6 Discussion
1．Why does the author say “But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.” in the last paragraph
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]Because there are both advantages and disadvantages of making friends online,and the author wants to remind us to make friends online reasonably and wisely.
2．Do you prefer to make friends online Why
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]Yes. From my point of view,although online friends cannot be always trusted, the benefits far outweigh （重于） the risks. First of all,it is easy and quick to get to know people and make new friends online. Moreover, chatting with people from different places and social backgrounds is surely an effective way to understand other cultures and develop cross-cultural communication skills.
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.网站
B.浴水，洗澡水
C.罪犯
D.点击（鼠标）
E.无线网络，无线上网
F.数字的，数码的
G.（举例）说明，阐明
H.图解，示意图
I.最新消息
J.格言，谚语，警句
1．click v.
2．wi-fi n.
3．digital adj.
4．site n.
5．update n.
6．saying n.
7．criminal n.
8．bathwater n.
9．illustrate v.
10．diagram n.
[答案]
1．D
2．E
3．F
4．A
5．I
6．J
7．C
8．B
9．G
10．H
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．live together _ _ _ _ _ _ 永远生活在一起
[答案]forever
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ songs 熟悉的歌曲
[答案]familiar
3．a space _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 一次太空探险
[答案]adventure
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ food 运送食物
[答案]deliver
5．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ friendship 维系友谊
[答案]maintain
6．_ _ _ _ _ _ knowledge 获取知识
[答案]acquire
7．agricultural _ _ _ _ 农产品
[答案]goods
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ v.更喜欢→preference n.偏爱；优先；爱好
[答案]prefer
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ n.进步,进展→advanced adj.先进的,高级的；晚期的
[答案]advance
3．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ adv.重大地,显著地→significant adj.显著的；有重大意义的→significance n.重要性，意义;意思
[答案]significantly
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ v.使可能,使发生→able adj.能够；有能力的；有才能的;聪明能干的→（反义词）unable adj.不能的,不会的；无能力的
[答案]enable
5．_ _ _ _ _ _ adj.异常的,不平常的→（反义词）usual adj.通常的→usually adv.通常地，经常地
[答案]unusual
6．_ _ v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n．偏好；倾向，趋势
[答案]tend
7．_ _ _ _ v．证明，证实→proof n．证明，证据；证实
[答案]prove
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．In order to avoid _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……失去联系） your friends, you'd better call your friends now and then.
[答案]losing track of
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （多亏） advances in medical technology, many patients with serious diseases have been saved.
[答案]Thanks to
3．The phone is a convenient tool to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……保持联系） family and friends in our daily life.
[答案]stay in touch with
4．Let's see what our mother _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （忙） in the kitchen. Maybe she is cooking something delicious.
[答案]is up to
5．In ancient times, poets tended to _ _ _ _ _ _ the moon _ _ （把……与……联系起来） pictures of being with their family.
[答案]connect； with
6．We must _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （记住） that time is precious and should be treasured, so we should make the most of it.
[答案]keep in mind
7．We should take a correct view of traditional culture and not _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （不分良莠一起抛弃）.
[答案]throw the baby out with the bathwater
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．动词-ing形式作主语
How would you feel if _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （搬到一个新的城镇） meant losing track of your friends （Para.1）
[答案]moving to a new town
2．“What if...？”意为“假若……怎么办？如果……会怎么样？”
_ _ _ _ _ _ （如果……会怎么样） the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？（Para.1）
[答案]What if
3．“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （无论我们的爱好是什么）, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.（Para.3）
[答案]Whatever our hobbies
4．what 引导主语从句
But we need to keep in mind that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （我们在社交媒体上看到的） is often not the whole truth about a person.（Para.6）
[答案]what we see on social media
创意课堂 点面突破
1 prefer v.更喜欢
【经典例句】Many teenagers prefer to communicate through messages instead of making phone calls.
许多青少年更喜欢发信息交流而非打电话。
（1）prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿让某人做某事 prefer （doing） A to （doing） B喜欢（做）A胜过（做）B （2）preference n.偏爱;优先;爱好 have a preference for偏爱；喜爱
【单句语法填空/同义句转换】
（1） After graduation，he prefers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （work） in a village school as a teacher while his parents prefer him _ _ _ _ _ _ （work） as a lawyer.
（2） Most students， that is to say 65%, have a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （prefer） for English songs， with half of the students keen on watching English movies.［应用文写作之描述图表］
（3） The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they prefer _ _ _ _ _ _ （talk） to their friends to _ _ _ _ _ _ （tell） their parents their problems．
→The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ．
→The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ．
→The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ．
[答案]
（1） to work/working；to work
（2） preference
（3） talking；telling；prefer to talk to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems；would rather talk to their friends than tell their parents their problems；would talk to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems
2 advance n.进步,进展；前进 vi.前进，行进 vi.& vt.发展，进步 vt.促进；提出
【经典例句】（教材P50）Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
多亏了科技的进步,我们交友以及与他们沟通的方式已经发生了巨大的变化。
（1）in advance 在前面；预先,提前 make an advance/advances in...在……方面取得进步 （2）advance on/towards...向/朝……前进 （3）advanced adj.先进的，高级的；晚期的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） （译林必修一U1）Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create, what medical _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （advance） you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop！
（2） My teacher recommended that I should sign up for the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （advance） literature course because I have an unusual talent for writing.
（3） 在我的鼓励下，大卫站了起来，向起跑线走去。
With my encouragement，David stood up and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［读后续写之动作描写］
（4） 如果你能提前告知我你是否有空，我将不胜感激。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ whether you are available or not.［应用文写作之邀请信］
[答案]
（1） advances
（2） advanced
（3） advanced on/towards the starting line
（4） I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance
3 （be） up to 忙于；从事；胜任；由……决定；
该由……负责；多达；直到
【经典例句】（教材P50）Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.
社交媒体工具让我们了解朋友的最新动态并维系友谊。
It's up to sb.to do sth. 由某人决定做某事。 It's up to sb.+whether+从句 由某人决定是否……。 It's up to you.（交际用语）由你决定。 up to now到目前为止
【语境辨义/完成句子】
（1） Doctors see up to 150 patients every day._ _
（2） （北师大必修一U3）My parents will fill me in on what's been happening—who has got married or had children or gone away to university. It's great to hear what everyone's been up to._ _
（3） Equipped with excellent communication skills and fluent English, I will be up to the position._ _
（4） Up to now, the writer has written six stories, three of which are about country life._ _
（5） 对我们来说在线学习无疑既方便又灵活，因为我们可以自主决定学习什么内容，以及在哪里、何时进行学习。
It is surely convenient and flexible for us to learn online, because _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之语言学习］
[答案]
（1） 多达
（2） 忙于
（3） 胜任
（4） 直到
（5） it's up to us to decide what we learn and where and when we study
4 keep （...） in mind 记住；（将……）记在心中
【经典例句】（教材P51）But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
但我们需要记住,我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
change one's mind 改变某人的想法/主意 come to mind/come into one's mind突然想到，想起 fix one's mind on...将注意力集中在…… make up one's mind （to do sth.）下决心（做某事） bring/call...to mind想起……；使想起……
【补全句子/完成句子】
（1） Hearing my words, he finally _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （下决心努力学习） and turn his dreams into reality.
（2） We'll make the final decision. If you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （改变主意）, please inform us as soon as possible.
（3） （北师大必修一U3）It's not just gifts and Father Christmas that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （想到）.It's also my memory of Granny.
（4） （译林必修一U4）另一个建议是提醒自己你是独一无二的。记住，你的家人和朋友爱的是你本来的样子。
Another tip is to remind yourself that you are unique. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your family and friends love you just the way you are. ［应用文写作之建议信］
[答案]
（1） made up his mind to study hard
（2） change your mind
（3） come to mind/come into my mind
（4） Keep in mind that
5 tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事；倾向
于；趋向；照料，护理；招待
【经典例句】（教材P52）On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
在社交媒体网站上,人们往往只会发布积极的最新动态,让自己看起来快乐、友好。
（1）tend to/towards... 倾向于……；有……的趋势 tend to do sth.易于做某事;倾向于做某事 tend （to） sb./sth.照料/护理某人/某物 （2）tendency n.倾向,趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） It has also been proven that active people tend _ _ _ _ _ _ （have） better immune systems （免疫系统）.
（2） With smartphones and 5G technology developing rapidly, more and more teenagers have a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （tend） to study English online．
（3） 我写信是为了向你表示衷心的感谢，感谢你在我住院时细心照顾我。
I am writing to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when I was in hospital. ［应用文写作之感谢信］
[答案]
（1） to have
（2） tendency
（3） express my sincere thanks to you for carefully tending （to） me
6 prove v.证明，证实
【经典例句】（教材P52） To prove that making friends was easier in the past.
为了证明在过去，交朋友更容易。
（1）prove （to be）+n./adj. 证明是，结果是 （2）prove sb.（to be）...证明某人（是）…… prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事 It is proved that...据证明…… （3）proof n．证明，证据；证实
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） Someone thinks that there is no _ _ _ _ （prove） that it hit Newton on the head.
（2） At the Olympic Games, with sweat and tears, these athletes tried their best and proved _ _ _ _ （be） national heroes.
（3） 只要给我一个机会，我就会向你证明我有能力成功迎接任何挑战。
Just give me a chance and I'll _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that I can successfully meet any challenges. ［应用文写作之申请信］
（4） 据证明,中国喝茶的传统追溯到约公元前3 000年。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the tradition of drinking tea dates back to around 3,000 BCE in China.［应用文写作之传统文化］
[答案]
（1） proof
（2） to be
（3） prove my ability to you
（4） It is proved that
prove作系动词意为“证明是、结果是……”时，不可以使用被动语态，应用主动形式表示被动意义。
7 “疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句
【经典例句】（教材P51）Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 无论我们的爱好是什么,互联网总能把我们与那些喜爱做同样事情的人联系起来,即使那些人生活在世界的另一端。
（1）wherever，whenever，however，whoever，whichever， whatever等引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter+疑问词”； （2）whoever， whichever， whatever 等也可引导名词性从句，但是“no matter+疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） The gold medal will be awarded to _ _ _ _ _ _ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
（2） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ we have trouble with our studies， our teachers always help us with great patience.
（3） 无论她如何努力维持友谊,她都无法摆脱失望。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , she couldn't shake off her disappointment. ［读后续写之情绪描写］
（4） 我希望无论未来发生什么,我都能保持乐观,为自己的梦想坚持不懈地奋斗。
I hope that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I still can remain optimistic and strive for my own dream persistently. ［读后续写之主旨升华］
[答案]
（1） whoever
（2） Whenever
（3） No matter how hard/However hard she tried to maintain friendship
（4） whatever/no matter what will happen in the future
however或no matter how后接形容词或副词时顺序应该是：however或no matter how+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+其他。
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．In recent years, people have gotten used to d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ digital “red packets” of money.
[答案]elivering
2．While this country has made big a_ _ _ _ _ _ in AI technology, there is still a long way to apply it in more areas.
[答案]dvances
3．Health problems can be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （显著地） impacted by various factors, including lifestyle choices and environmental conditions.
[答案]significantly
4．I don't believe what you said, but if you can _ _ _ _ （证明） it, I'll consider your method.
[答案]prove
5．Being exposed to English frequently _ _ _ _ _ _ （使可能） us to have a good knowledge of this language.
[答案]enables
6．Those who continuously _ _ _ _ _ _ （获得） new knowledge that they can apply to their work are more likely to succeed.
[答案]acquire
7．The Silk Road connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and encouraged the exchange of g_ _ , and ideas between different cultures.
[答案]oods
8．That teenager p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to stay at home alone rather than dine （吃饭） with his parents outside.
[答案]referred
9．Their journey together was filled with unexpected _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （冒险） and unforgettable memories.
[答案]adventures
10．Despite living in different countries, the two families have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （保持） close links by e-mails.
[答案]maintained
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （记住） that you should have positive attitude towards life and accept the risk of failure.
[答案]keep in mind
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （多亏了） the big data and AI technology, a lot of energy, time and money are now being saved.
[答案]Thanks to
3．Click on the site and post messages on social media, and it will enable you to find the relatives you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （失去联系的）.
[答案]lost track of
4．With the cellphone on hand, I can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……保持联系） my parents and friends wherever they are.
[答案]stay in touch with
5．In traditional Chinese culture, the color red _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……有关联） good luck.
[答案]is connected with
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
Thanks to advances in technology， it is easy for us students to communicate with others on social media. As for me， I have a preference for chatting with my friends or streaming videos online. However，parents are becoming increasingly anxious，worrying 1. （如果我们青少年沉迷于网络该怎么办；what if... ）. Obviously，2. （花太多时间在网上对我们有害;动词-ing形式作主语） both physically and mentally. So we should control our Internet time well. And another thing what we need to do is that 3. （无论何时我们正在上网；“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句）， we should keep our eyes open and protect our personal information， so that we can really benefit from the technological advances in the digital age.
[答案]
1．what if we teenagers get addicted to the Internet
2．spending too much time online is harmful to us
3．whenever we are surfing online
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Nowadays there is a growing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （tend） for people to work at home rather than in the office.
[答案]tendency
2．Just be patient. You can't count on improving your English _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （significant） in just two weeks.
[答案]significantly
3．So far, some _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （advance） teaching equipment, together with three hundred new books, has been sent to those schools in the faraway area.
[答案]advanced
4．Some people like chatting online while others prefer face-to-face talks; it's a matter of personal _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （prefer）.
[答案]preference
5．Important social skills, which enable us _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （develop） lifelong friendships, are developed through direct contact with others.
[答案]to develop
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1．Thanks your help, my English has improved a lot and my teachers and friends are surprised at my fluent English.
[答案]to
2．It is easy to lose track old friends, especially when you move to other parts of the world and pursue other interests.
[答案]of
3．Keep mind that the effect made by this approach cannot always be positive.
[答案]in
4．The company has a tendency _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （adopt） innovative technologies to stay ahead of the competition.
[答案]to adopt
5．Ten years of English learning enables me to have a good command of the language, making me being up the job.
[答案]to
维度三 完成句子
1．（人教必修一WELCOME UNIT）无论你想学什么，在制订计划之前确定你的目标是很重要的。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , it is important to decide on your goal before you make a plan.
[答案]Whatever/No matter what you want to learn
2．曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经变成了现实。（what引导主语从句）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ has now become a reality.
[答案]What was once regarded as impossible
3．如果我考试考得不够好，进不了医学院怎么办呢？（What if... ）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and can't get into medical school
[答案]What if I don't do well enough in the exam
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教必修一U1】
Dear Worried Friend，
You wrote that you are very worried about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online.
I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life. Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend to try new hobbies. Why not discuss the problem together I am sure he will listen to you, since you are his good friend.
All the best,
Susan Luo
1．What's the problem of the “Worried friend”
A. He/She plays computer games too often.
B. He/She spends too much time online.
C. His/Her friend Chen Lei is addicted to computer games and the online world.
D. He/She and his/her friend Chen Lei can't get along well with each other.
2．Which of the following is NOT Susan Luo's advice
A. To talk to Chen Lei about his behavior.
B. To listen to some music sometimes.
C. To encourage Chen Lei to try new hobbies.
D. To discuss the problem with Chen Lei together.
3．Where may you find this passage
A. In a web page. B. In a fashion magazine.
C. In a travel guide. D. In a play.
[答案]
1．C
2．B
3．A
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·聊城颐中外国语学校期中）]A
There was once a teenager called Mario who loved to have lots of friends at school. However, he wasn't sure whether or not his schoolmates were his real friends, so he asked his grandpa for help. The old man told him, “I just have what you exactly need, and it's in the attic （阁楼）. Wait here a minute.” Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It's a very special chair. It's rather tricky to sit on because it's invisible （无形的）. But it will enable you to tell who your real friends are if you take it to your school and sit on it.” Grandpa said.
Mario was curious to know whether it was true or not, so he took the strange invisible chair and set off for school. At break time he asked everyone to form a circle, and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. “Nobody move! You're about to see something amazing.”
Then Mario tried to sit on the chair. But he missed and fell down onto his back. Everyone had a pretty good laugh. Mario wouldn't be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground...until, suddenly, he tried again and didn't fall. This time he sat, hovering （悬停） in mid-air...
Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana—three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn't fall down. Meanwhile, many others he had thought of as friends had done nothing but make fun of him, enjoying his every fall.
Leaving with his three friends, he explained to them how his grandfather had so cleverly thought of a way to prove that true friends are those who care for us, and not just any acquaintances （熟人） who happen to be passing by. Even less would a friend be someone who takes joy in our misfortunes.
1．Why did Mario turn to his grandpa for help
A. He couldn't make any friends.
B. He didn't get along with his schoolmates.
C. He didn't like his school.
D. He couldn't find out who his true friends were.
2．What did Mario's grandpa take from the attic
A. Nothing. B. An old chair.
C. A real chair. D. An invisible chair.
3．Why was Mario able to hover in mid-air
A. Because he managed to sit on the invisible chair finally.
B. Because his three friends held him up with their hands.
C. Because his classmates gave him a chair to sit on.
D. Because he could see the magic chair clearly.
4．Who are real friends according to the passage
A. Those who laugh with us.
B. Those who take joy in our misfortunes.
C. Those who care about us when we are in trouble.
D. Those who care for us when we are popular at school.
[答案]
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．C
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, he wasn't sure ... asked his grandpa for help.”可知,因为不确定谁是自己真正的朋友,所以马里奥才向祖父求助。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Grandpa left, soon returning ... could see nothing there.”和第四段中的“three of his best friends, holding him up, so he wouldn't fall down”可知,祖父从阁楼回来时没有拿任何东西。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Looking around... so he wouldn't fall down.”可知,是他三个最好的朋友托起他,他才没有再次跌倒。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段内容可推知,真正的朋友是那些在我们遇到麻烦时关心我们的人。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。马里奥不确定谁是他真正的朋友,他的祖父教给他一个办法,用一把“无形的椅子”去测试谁才是他真正的朋友,只有他三个最好的朋友托起他使他不摔倒,于是他明白了嘲笑他不幸的人不是真正的朋友。
[（2025·大连期中）]B
It's always exciting to receive a letter in the mail. Even today, when we tend to rely on social media, receiving an actual letter in your mailbox from a distant land is a great way for children to make new friends.
The Peaceful Pen Pals Project is part of the nonprofit organization Kids for Peace, founded by Jill McManigal and Danielle Gram in California in 2006. It is open to all children between the ages of two and seventeen. To date, there are 1,500 children from 17 countries participating in the project according to the organization. Currently, all letters are written in English. When children sign up, they can select if they prefer to be matched with a USA Peaceful Pen Pal or an international one.
Each child is then matched to a pen pal of similar age. This establishes a point of connection quickly for the children and facilitates（促进） a stronger bond. If the letter writers are in the same grade, they can chat about schools, their teachers, and what they are studying. They can also compare what different states or countries learn about and how the atmospheres of the classroom are, whether socially or academically. Children may also be more likely to write about problems they are having if they feel like they are speaking to a peer in a similar situation. Although pen pals may live in different countries, they may find common ground. The writer lists his or her favorite activities to do outside, plus what he or she like best and least about school. This gives the writer an opportunity to express himself or herself and receive comfort, advice or feedback （反馈） from the pen pal.
“Hearing first-hand stories from an international pen pal can encourage teens to take someone else's viewpoint and to think outside of themselves,” writes Rebecca Fraser-Thill on Very Well Family. “Having a foreign pen pal can also encourage teens' interest in geography, history and culture.”
5．What can we know about the Peaceful Pen Pals Project
A. It helps strengthen links between kids.
B. It is aimed at improving children's English.
C. It encourages children to help people in need.
D. It is created for teenagers to take online lessons.
6．What is paragraph 3 mainly talking about
A. The necessity of discussion in study.
B. The approaches to making new friends.
C. The purpose of the Peaceful Pen Pals Project.
D. The benefits of having friends of similar ages.
7．What is Rebecca Fraser-Thill's attitude towards the project
A. Careful. B. Supportive.
C. Uninterested. D. Disappointed.
8．What is the best title of this passage
A. Writing Enriches Kids' Life
B. Friendship Teaches Kids a Lesson
C. The Peaceful Pen Pals Project Connects Kids
D. Communication Skills Benefit the World
[答案]
5．A
6．D
7．B
8．C
[解析]
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Each child is then matched ... facilitates a stronger bond.”可知，和平笔友项目有助于加强孩子们之间的联系。
6．段落大意题。根据第三段中的“If the letter writers are in the same grade...in a similar situation.”可知,本段主要介绍了拥有同龄朋友的好处。
7．观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知,丽贝卡·弗雷泽-希尔对于这个项目是支持的。
8．标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文围绕和平笔友项目展开,这个项目把相似年龄的孩子们联系在一起。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了和平笔友项目,这个项目把相似年龄的孩子们联结在一起。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[（2025·四川南充高级中学期中）]I joined a language exchange program online last year and had the chance to meet Lucy, a girl from England. We gradually became 1 with each other. At first, it was 2 to talk to someone I had never met before, but as time went by, our conversations continued 3 .
Being a teenager could be challenging, but having someone like Lucy, who 4 me even from thousands of miles away, made it easier. However, little did I know that she had been fighting with depression for many years. When she finally opened up and shared her 5 with me, I was both shocked and grateful that she 6 me enough to tell me that.
From that day on, I tried to 7 her regularly and encouraged her to seek professional help. Finally, Lucy started seeing a doctor, and then she made progress in 8 her condition. But later, with increased learning tasks, we both became 9 , so our conversations became less frequent. One Sunday night, I surfed the Internet and found that Lucy had cleaned up all her social media posts. I was anxious and tried to 10 her, but there was no response. I completely 11 her. Weeks turned into months, and I gave up the 12 of hearing from her again. Surprisingly, Lucy sent me an email one day. In her message, she apologised and explained her sudden 13 . Also, she thanked me for my help during her darkest moments. Her words touched my heart, and I realized the influence our 14 had made on both of us.
Even though we are 15 by distance and time zones, our friendship remains strong and continues to thrive.
1．A. angry B. strict C. disappointed D. familiar
2．A. strange B. inspiring C. lucky D. wise
3．A. secretly B. naturally C. helplessly D. doubtfully
4．A. supported B. respected C. judged D. surveyed
5．A. adventure B. struggle C. suggestion D. performance
6．A. protected B. satisfied C. trusted D. influenced
7．A. search for B. communicate with
C. turn down D. depend on
8．A. forgetting B. proving C. explaining D. managing
9．A. busier B. smarter C. weaker D. safer
10．A. encourage B. praise C. contact D. accept
11．A. stood for B. kept away from
C. took after D. lost track of
12．A. hope B. tradition C. choice D. risk
13．A. instruction B. absence C. failure D. comment
14．A. personality B. confidence C. creativity D. connection
15．A. warned B. cheated C. separated D. surprised
[答案]
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．A
5．B
6．C
7．B
8．D
9．A
10．C
11．D
12．A
13．B
14．D
15．C
[解析]
1．根据下文“she finally opened up and shared her with me”及语境可知,此处指两人逐渐熟悉（familiar）了。
2．根据下文“talk to someone I...conversations continued”及常识可知,起初，作者认为和一个素未谋面的人说话很奇怪（strange），但随着时间的推移,作者和露西的对话自然地（naturally）继续着。
3．参见上题解析。
4．根据语境可知,作者充满挑战的青少年生活因为露西的支持（support）变得容易了。
5．根据上文“she had been fighting with depression for many years”可知,此处指露西向作者分享自己和抑郁症的斗争（struggle）。
6．根据下文“enough to tell me that”及常识可知,露西愿意敞开心扉是因为信任（trust）作者。
7．根据下文“her regularly and encouraged her to seek professional help”可知,作者试着经常和露西沟通（communicate with）,鼓励她寻求专业帮助。
8．根据上文“Finally, Lucy started seeing a doctor, and then she made progress in”可知,露西开始看医生,她的病情得到了控制（manage）。
9．根据上文“with increased learning tasks”可知,学习任务增加,作者和露西都变得更忙碌（busier）了。
10．根据下文“but there was no response”可知,作者尝试联系（contact）露西,但没有回应。
11．根据上文“but there was no response”及下文“Weeks turned into months, and I gave up... hearing from her again.”可知,作者与她完全失去了联系（lost track of）。
12．根据上文“Weeks turned into months, and I gave up the”及语境可知,过去了很久,作者放弃了和对方联系上的希望（hope）。
13．根据上文内容可知,露西消失了几个月,因此她在邮件中道歉并解释了她突然不在（absence）的原因。
14．根据上文内容可知，作者和露西建立了深厚的友谊,此处指这段关系（connection）对两人的影响。
15．根据下文“by distance and time zones”可知,两人被距离和时区分隔开了（separate）。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者加入了一个在线语言交流项目,认识了英国女孩露西,两人逐渐熟悉,互相支持,建立了深厚的友谊的故事。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Teacher Appreciation Week （教师节/谢师周） is celebrated in America in the first full week of May， and is 1. teachers get the extra credit they deserve. Whether you have a teacher， know a teacher， or 2. （be） a teacher， there are endless ways to give a little extra support to teachers and teachers' organizations. Teaching is known to be 3. time-consuming and challenging profession，so this week is our chance 4. （say） thank you to those who play or have played such a huge role in our lives. Who doesn't have a great memory of a teacher who inspired us in some way？
Teaching is one of the oldest professions—in 561 BCE， the first private teacher in history was one of the 5. （noble） men of all time， Confucius.
Though the origins of Teacher Appreciation Week are somewhat murky， it is clear that it was in 1944 6. an Arkansas school teacher， Mattye White Woodridge， 7. （write） to politicians and educational professionals about the demand for a day to appreciate 8. （teacher）. However， it wasn't for nearly a decade until the idea 9. （introduce） to Congress by none other than Eleanor Roosevelt. In 1953，she was successful in 10. （convince） lawmakers to adopt the day.
[答案]
1．when
2．are
3．a
4．to say
5．noblest
6．that
7．wrote
8．teachers
9．was introduced
10．convincing
[解析]
1．考查连词。分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，应用when。
2．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语为you，be动词应用复数形式。
3．考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词profession，此处表示泛指，意为“一个耗时且具有挑战性的职业”，且time-consuming的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
4．考查非谓语动词。空处应用动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰前面的名词chance。
5．考查形容词的最高级。此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，意为“最……之一”。
6．考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型，其基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.”。
7．考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可知，此处描述过去的事情，空处应用一般过去时。
8．考查名词复数。空处作appreciate的宾语，且teacher为可数名词，应用其复数形式。
9．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，此处表示“该想法被介绍给国会”，应用被动语态；根据上下文语境可知，应用一般过去时；主语the idea为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
10．考查非谓语动词。be successful in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”，为固定搭配，空处应用动词-ing形式。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国教师节（谢师周）的来历。
Period 2 Using language
定语从句（1） 关系代词引导的定语从句
要义详析 探究语法
一、定语从句的基本概述
定义 在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词、代词、整个主句或主句的一部分的从句叫作定语从句，它所修饰的对象叫作先行词
分类 限制性定语从句 从句在意义上不可缺少,如果去掉,主句的意思就会不完整或失去意义,从句和主句不用逗号分开
非限制性定语从句 用来补充说明先行词,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整,从句和主句往往用逗号隔开
关系词 作用 ①连接主句和从句； ②指代先行词； ③在从句中充当句子成分
分类 关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that、as
关系副词：when、where、why
二、关系代词的用法
感知经典
（1）（教材P50）What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered
如果写信是从远方的朋友那里获得消息的唯一途径，且信要很久才能送达又会怎么样呢？
（2）（教材P50）Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 现在，我们可以在环游世界的同时仍与我们想维持朋友关系的人保持联系。
（3）（教材P51）The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.
数码时代还让我们可以找到兴趣相投的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏某种罕见的乐器。
（4）（教材P55） Walk and Talk is perfect for anyone whose weekends need some excitement. “边走边聊”对于那些周末需要一些刺激的人来说是完美的。
（5）（译林必修一U3）I definitely understand how you feel. I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot.
我完全理解你的感受。我也有一个非常信任的朋友。
（6）（人教必修一U3） The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996．
他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年开始就一直在帮助年轻人。
明悉规则
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的句法功能
who 人 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）、表语
whom 人 宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略，也可用who代替）
whose（=of whom/of which） 人或物 定语
that 人或物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）、表语
which 物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中且其前无介词时可省略）
1.宜用that不用which的情况
（1）先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰或先行词本身是形容词最高级或序数词时；
（2）先行词是不定代词时，如all、little、few、much、everything、anything、nothing、none等；
（3）先行词被all、few、any、little、no、the only、the very、the last等修饰时；
（4）当先行词既指人又指物时；
（5）当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。
2.宜用which不用that的情况
（1）引导非限制性定语从句时；
（2）在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。
3.宜用who不用that的情况
（1）先行词是指人的不定代词（如one、ones、anyone、all）或指示代词those时；
（2）在以there be结构中，先行词指人时；
（3）两个定语从句中一个用了that,另一个指人的关系代词用who；
（4）在非限制性定语从句中指人时；
（5）先行词是表示人的名词，且后面有较长的修饰语时。
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
[答案]that/which
2．The number of people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
[答案]that/who
3．This is the person _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you can depend on when you are in trouble.
[答案]who/whom/that
4．Our school will hold an activity _ _ _ _ theme is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.
[答案]whose
5．This is the most exciting football game _ _ I have seen so far.
[答案]that
6．The only thing _ _ she could do was go to the police for help when she was in trouble.
[答案]that
7．The first attraction _ _ they visited in London was the Big Ben, _ _ _ _ is a famous landmark in the city.
[答案]that； which
8．Many trees line the street as well, including some pine trees _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ were first planted during the Ming Dynasty.
[答案]that/which
9．She took photographs of the things and people _ _ she was interested in.
[答案]that
10．Anyone _ _ has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.
[答案]who
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．She is going to be sent to work in Xizang. She is the only one of the students.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]She is the only one of the students that is going to be sent to work in Xizang.
2．I will never forget the days. We spent the days together happily in middle school.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I will never forget the days （which/that） we spent together happily in middle school.
3．I'd like a room. Its window looks out over the sea.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
4．My favourite city is Kunming. Kunming is known as the Spring City.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]My favourite city is Kunming that/which is known as the Spring City.
5．The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]The woman （who/whom/that） you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 单句语法填空
1．Many westerners _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
[答案]who/that
2．Please send us all the information _ _ you have about the candidate for the position.
[答案]that
3．The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall _ _ has survived China's long history.
[答案]that
4．The most important form of energy is electrical energy, _ _ _ _ is widely used in our daily life.
[答案]which
5．When facing hardships, only those _ _ are confident will achieve success.
[答案]who
6．The International Red Cross is an organization _ _ _ _ purpose is to help the sick and the needy.
[答案]whose
7．The research found that people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking.
[答案]who/that
8．For those _ _ want to see the film tomorrow, put down your names, please.
[答案]who
9．When we approached the campus, the first building _ _ was visible to us was our library.
[答案]that
10．He wrote down the people and things _ _ had a great influence on his attitude towards the world.
[答案]that
11．As a Chinese _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is particularly interested in travelling, I would like to introduce my favorite city—Beijing.
[答案]who/that
12．The gift _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ he gave for my birthday was very thoughtful.
[答案]which/that
13．We are going to learn some Chinese poems _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ were written in the Tang Dynasty.
[答案]that/which
14．Deeply affected by the story of the girl _ _ _ _ eyesight was affected by the disease，all the students were moved to tears.
[答案]whose
15．The letter _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I received from my pen pal was full of exciting news.
[答案]which/that
16．I'm not interested in the story _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is about the trip to the moon.
[答案]that/which
17．One Hundred Years of Solitude is the most wonderful book _ _ I have read so far.
[答案]that
18．I visited the couple last week _ _ _ _ daughter is studying in the United States.
[答案]whose
19．The dictionary _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I bought last week is very useful.
[答案]which/that
20．They are talking about the school and the teachers _ _ they visited yesterday.
[答案]that
维度二 语法与写作
1．作为一名学生,每天早晨你应该做的第一件事就是制定恰当的计划。
As a student, the first thing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is to make a proper plan.
[答案]that you should do every morning
2．当心！不要太靠近那所正在维修屋顶的房子。
Look out! Don't get too close to the house _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]whose roof is being repaired
3．这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。情节如此引人入胜以至于让我爱不释手。
This is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . The plot was so engaging that I couldn't put it down.
[答案]the most interesting story that I have ever read
4．在高中你将学习更多不同于初中的课程。
In senior high school you will study _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ your junior middle school courses.
[答案]more courses which/that are different from
5．那些自信和乐观的人更有可能实现他们的目标。
Those _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are more likely to achieve their goals.
[答案]who are confident and optimistic
6．打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的！
It's impossible to defeat a person _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ！
[答案]who/that never gives up
7．那些待在避难所的人正在等待直升机运送物资。
Those _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ were waiting for the helicopter to deliver supplies.
[答案]who stayed in the shelter
8．我从图书馆借的那本书是关于古代历史的。
The book， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， is about ancient history.
[答案]which I borrowed from the library
9．地震后，我们为无家可归的人提供了避难所和急救。
After the earthquake, we supplied shelters and first aid to the people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]who/that became homeless
10．幸福是金钱买不到的东西之一。
Happiness is one of the things _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]which/that money cannot buy
维度三 语篇填空
Friendship is a thing 1. brings happiness to people. Friendship is one of the most important things 2. people should have. People should make friends with those 3. attitude is positive，because friends have a great effect on people. Honestly speaking, a real friend is a person 4. helps you when you are in trouble. They are those 5. share happiness and sorrow with you. They are brave to point out the mistakes 6. can affect your future. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Everyone should have real friends and strive to be a real friend of others.
[答案]
1．that/which
2．that
3．whose
4．who/that
5．who
6．that/whic
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·宁波高一检测）]A
“I'll be there in a few minutes. I'm playing a game with a friend, a guy named Scuzzball,” my 15-year-old son shouted from his room.“Oh, what is Scuzzball's real name ” I asked.“I have no idea,” he said.“Where is he from ” I continued. He responded, “I think somewhere in Canada. Oh, wait, it doesn't even matter because Scuzzball just left and he has been replaced with a robot.”
“Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence ” “It doesn't matter, Dad. It happens all the time! The game continues.” My son doesn't mind playing with a person or a robot, which is typical of games these days. I wonder whether the face -to -face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children.
Aristotle, a great thinker and educator, has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile. Deep friendship, by contrast, is when you care for your friend for his sake, not for any benefit you can get. This is selfless friendship. You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort. You must make sacrifices for each other.
Presence in friendship requires “being with” and “doing for”.Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is “doing for”, as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick. Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices. But it is unclear why online “friends” would bother to do the hard work of friendship. When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick, they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they'd just order soup online themselves.
Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in an example case of friendship, like sports, collective arts, free range childhoods, etc. In this way, digital life produces false friendships.
1．How does the author lead in the topic of the passage
A. By quoting famous mottoes.
B. By introducing an online game.
C. By showing robots' irreplaceable role.
D. By presenting a parent-child conversation.
2．What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3
A. Impact of selfish friendship.
B. The meaning of deep friendship.
C. Selfless sacrifices in friendship.
D. The formation of shallow friendship.
3．What can we infer from paragraph 4
A. Robots will have our back in trouble.
B. Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices.
C. The students thought highly of the teacher's question.
D. Ordering food online for friends is an example of “being with”.
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A. Digitalized Friendship B. The Benefits of Digital Life
C. Face-to-face Communication D. The Sacrifices of Online Friends
[答案]
1．D
2．B
3．B
4．A
[解析]
1．推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者通过呈现一段亲子对话来引出文章的主题。
2．段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Deep friendship, by contrast...sacrifices for each other.”可知,作者在第三段主要解释了深厚友谊的意义。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Only strong bonds have the power ... just order soup online themselves.”可推知,虚拟朋友不会做出真正的牺牲。
4．标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并得出结论——数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。 因此，A项适合作文章标题。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并得出结论——数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。
[（2025·南平高级中学期中）]B
“I feel unlikable, lonely and hopeless,” said Lisa, a confused teenager from a loving home. “It seems that nobody wants to become my friend. What's wrong with me ”
Like Lisa, many of us experience loneliness. The truth is that all people, no matter what their ages or characters are—even the most outgoing, popular and wealthiest—experience loneliness at least sometimes. It's healthy and natural to want to be with people who care about us. After all, we've all heard “No man is an island.”Actually, we all need others in our lives.
Solomon, the wisest man who ever lived, explained that if we want friends, we must be friendly and reach out to others. But it has risk. Because we are often afraid of rejection （拒绝）, many of us are unwilling to reach out to others. We adopt a safer way and prefer to wait for others to make friends with us. But if we want friends, we've got to get beyond this.
If making friends is your goal as well, you need to consider taking some measures （措施）.
Be willing to take the initiative （主动权）. If you see someone whom you would like to know, don't wait for her/him to make the first move. Get close to her/him and begin a conversation. Let her/him know in a non-aggressive （无攻击性的） way that you are interested in being friends with her/him.
Reach out to those who are lonely. When you see someone sitting alone at school, go over and talk to her/him. And don't let popularity decide whom you reach out to. You'll often be surprised at the beautiful qualities behind a shy appearance.
Ask questions. Start your first conversation by asking this possible friend what she/he likes to do or asking about her/his family. Be sure to ask questions that cannot be replied to with “yes” or “no”. For example, don't ask “Do you have a dog ” Instead, say, “So, tell me about your pets.” Avoiding asking yes-or-no questions obviously makes your possible friend not end your communication with a one-word answer.
5．Why does the author begin the passage with Lisa's worry
A. To set up a sad background. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To share Lisa's pain. D. To teach readers a lesson.
6．What can be the risk caused by reaching out to others according to the passage
A. Being refused by others.
B. Putting ourselves in danger.
C. Being treated in a rude way.
D. Losing interest in communication.
7．What can we know from paragraph 5
A. Popular people are often easy-going.
B. Just waiting for chances will help you make friends.
C. A proper manner is important in making friends.
D. Shy people are hard to talk to.
8．Why does the author suggest not asking yes-or-no questions
A. It is considered unfriendly.
B. It will make a bad first impression.
C. It shows the poor quality of the speaker.
D. It isn't good for keeping a conversation going.
[答案]
5．B
6．A
7．C
8．D
[解析]
5．推理判断题。根据前两段内容可推知，作者以丽萨的担忧开篇,主要是为了引出话题。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But it has risk...unwilling to reach out to others.”可知，风险是被他人拒绝。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Let her/him know in a non-aggressive way... being friends with her/him.”可推知,在交友时,恰当的方式是重要的。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Avoiding asking yes-or-no questions...not end your communication with a one-word answer.”可知,原因是问这种问题不利于让谈话继续下去。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。人人都会感到孤单,想要交到朋友,你就要主动友好地伸出交友之手。
[（2025·贵州部分学校高一上联考）]C
Emma and Lucy were best friends who did almost everything together. They had known each other since they were seven years old, and now, as teenagers, they were still as close as ever. One Saturday, while cleaning her room, Emma found an old, dusty envelope under her bed. The handwriting on the front said “To My Best Friend,” but there was no name.
Curious, Emma called Lucy and asked her to come over right away. When Lucy arrived, they carefully opened the envelope together, their eyes sparkling with expectation. Inside, they discovered a letter that seems to be from the distant past. The letter talked about a secret meeting place by the big tree in the park, where two friends used to hide “treasures （宝藏）” for each other. The letter ended with the line, “If you find this, it means you're my true friend.”
The girls looked at each other, intrigued.“Do you think the treasure is still there ” Lucy asked. Emma grinned （咧嘴笑）.“Only one way to find out!”
That afternoon, they went to the park and found the big oak tree mentioned in the letter. After searching around its roots, Lucy found something shiny. They dug （挖） a little and found an old box. Inside, there was a small charm bracelet （手链） and a note that read, “Friendship is the real treasure.”
Emma and Lucy laughed, feeling as if they had uncovered a hidden mystery. The experience reminded them that their own friendship was, indeed, something special. They left the charm bracelet under the tree for the next pair of friends to find, adding their own note: “True friendship lasts forever.”
9．What did the girls find inside the envelope
A. A recent letter. B. A charm bracelet.
C. A map to the park. D. A letter written a long time ago.
10．How did Emma and Lucy feel after opening the envelope
A. Excited and curious. B. Nervous and scared.
C. Confused and unsure. D. Angry and upset.
11．What does the underlined word “intrigued” most likely mean
A. Surprised. B. Interested. C. Disappointed. D. Anxious.
12．What can we infer from Emma and Lucy's actions
A. They took the bracelet and forgot about the note.
B. They decided to keep the charm bracelet for themselves.
C. They replaced the note and put the box back under the tree.
D. They hoped to pass on the message by leaving the charm bracelet under the tree.
[答案]
9．D
10．A
11．B
12．D
[解析]
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inside, they discovered a letter that seems to be from the distant past.”可知，女孩们发现了一封很久以前的信。
10．观点态度题。根据第二、第三段内容可知，艾玛和露西打开信封后，眼里闪烁着期待，表现出兴奋和好奇。
11．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“‘Do you think the treasure is still there ’ Lucy asked.”可知，她们看着彼此，想知道宝藏是否还在那里，这说明她们对信件内容很感兴趣，故intrigued意为“感兴趣的”。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They left the charm bracelet...‘True friendship lasts forever.’”可推知，她们将魅力手链留在树下，希望把友谊的信息传递下去。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艾玛和露西发现旧信件，找到宝藏，重申友谊珍贵的故事。
Ⅱ.七选五
[（2025·广州五中期中）]Defining what an ideal friend is like is not an easy task. 1. However, generally speaking, there are certain qualities that most people would consider as characteristics of an ideal friend.
The ideal friend knows how to show weakness. The ideal friends don't try to prove how successful they are. 2. They tend to show how much they trust us by admitting failings and sorrows. They offer us the gift of their vulnerability （脆弱）.
3. Many times, we don't quite know what we think until a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought, to explain why we're impressed by it and to find good answers to possible objections. They see the potential in what we're saying when we can't.
The proper friend helps build our self-understanding. There are so many things we don't entirely comprehend about who we are. We find it hard to pin down our goals. 4. We might have some strong opinions, but it can be difficult to explain why these ideas matter to us. The right friend listens and helps us piece together the best account of our fears and excitements.
They help us to like ourselves. Normally we're intently alive to our own shortcomings; it's more obvious, from our point of view, what's disappointing us than what's attractive. We need a friend because we're likely to be so very unfriendly towards ourselves. 5.
A.A true friend helps us think.
B.We get defensive and we don't really know why.
C.Loyalty is a common quality given to ideal friends.
D.The good friend likes us in ways we're not easily able to.
E.Everyone has his own understanding of what an ideal friend is like.
F.On the contrary, they let us know embarrassing things about themselves.
G.They care for your well-being over any issues that may arise between you and them.
[答案]
1．E
2．F
3．A
4．B
5．D
[解析]
1．空前说明要定义一个理想的朋友并不容易，空后说明有些品质是大多数人会认为一个理想的朋友应具有的特征。空处应说明人们对理想的朋友的理解是不同的。E项承上启下，符合语境。
2．空前说明理想的朋友不会试图证明他们有多成功,空处应说明他们会怎么做，F项符合语境。
3．根据下文“a proper friend gently asks us to expand on a thought... find good answers to possible objections”可知,真正的朋友帮助我们思考。A项概括了本段的主旨,可作为主题句。
4．根据本段主题句“The proper friend helps build our self-understanding.”可知,真正的朋友有助于建立我们的自我理解。空前说明我们有很多事情不理解,空处应继续介绍我们不理解哪些事情。B项承接上文，符合语境。
5．根据本段主题句“They help us to like ourselves.”和空前一句可知,我们可能对自己不友好，所以需要朋友，这说明真正的朋友会喜欢我们。D项承接上文,符合语境。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个理想的朋友所拥有的特征。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[（2025·辽宁滨城高中联盟期中）]Friendship is both a source of pleasure and a part of a healthy life. People who have close friends 1. （natural） enjoy good physical health. Of equal importance 2. （be） the emotional benefits they get.
When something 3. （amaze） happens to us, sharing the happiness of the occasion with friends doubles our joy. On the other hand, in times when our spirits are low, 4. （talk） about our worries with friends lightens the stress. Moreover, we may even get some good suggestions 5. （solve） our problems.
Throughout life, we depend on small groups of people for love, respect, support, 6. admiration. Almost everyone has a “network” of friends: co-workers, neighbors, and schoolmates. However, some people tend to shy away from close relationships. By bottling up their emotions, they keep 7. （they） away from a healthy outlet for their negative feelings. Actually, we ought to have more confidence in others and open our mind to those 8. may give us support to get through tough times.
Sometimes, life can be boring and lonely. Thanks 9. friendship,

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