资源简介

Unit 6 At one with nature
明晰目标——构建单元体系
［核心单词］
sheet region therefore
shallow prevent harmony design
harm agriculture replace material
priority beauty barrier living
narrow climate inside publish
expert branch rent limited
benefit pleasant energy system
［重点短语］ be covered in, be home to, from the bottom to the top, go to so much/the trouble to do/of doing sth., turn...into, plenty of, prevent...from..., wash away, in harmony with, provide...for, pass down, allow sb. to do sth., be at one with, in doubt, reflect on， lead to
［重点句型］1.无生命名词作主语
2.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
［单元语法］定语从句（3）
［写作任务］ 概要写作
主题引领——话题语基培优
［Landforms］
waterway n.水路；航道
basin n.盆地;凹地
valley n.山谷；溪谷
falls/waterfall n.瀑布
channel n.海峡
desert n.沙漠；荒漠
plain n.平原
range n.山脉
grassland n.草原
［Culture］
sustainable adj.可持续的
dynasty n.朝代
phenomenon n.现象
consequence n.后果
transition n.变迁
local customs 当地习俗
folk tradition 民间传统
traditional culture 传统文化
［Climate］
lightning n.闪电
thunder n.雷
smog n.烟雾
frost n.霜
rainy season 雨季
air quality 空气质量
global warming 全球变暖
climate change 气候变化
［Agriculture］
sow v.播种
seed n.种子
grain n.谷物
terrace n.梯田
crop n.庄稼；作物
weed n.& v.（除）杂草
harvest v.收割
the 24 solar terms 二十四节气
话题佳句
1.When man is happy, he is in harmony with himself and his environment.
人类幸福之时，便为人类自身和谐生活且与环境和谐共处之时。
2.Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along well with it. Only by saving the environment can we save ourselves.
我们只有改变对待环境的方式，才能与环境和谐相处。我们只有拯救环境，才能拯救我们自己。
3.If we don't take action to protect the environment on which we are relying, we will have to face an increasingly awful situation.
如果我们不采取措施保护我们赖以生存的环境，我们将不得不面对越来越糟糕的情况。
Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
精读课文 语篇理解
Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Longji Rice Terraces' bright future.
B. The functions of Longji Rice Terraces.
C. The introduction to Longji Rice Terraces.
D. The reasons for building Longji Rice Terraces.
[答案]C
Activity 2 Structure and Clues
[答案]seasons； history； areas； prevent； nature； waterways； value； attract
Activity 3 Reading for Details
1．How does the author develop paragraph 1
A. By listing the facts. B. By comparing the facts.
C. By vividly describing the scenes. D. By painting the beautiful colours.
[答案]C
2．Why does the author mention modern technology in the last paragraph
A. To show the terraces are out of date.
B. To show the terraces are still valuable.
C. To show the terraces are kept better.
D. To show why the terraces are abandoned.
[答案]B
3．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Modern technology helps people there produce more rice.
B. People there still value the ancient growing methods.
C. Many visitors go there to learn how to grow rice.
D. The young people there like to create great wonders.
[答案]B
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To show how to grow rice.
B. To encourage people to make terraces.
C. To introduce Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups in Guangxi.
D. To show how people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces.
[答案]D
Activity 4 Structural Analysis
Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.（Para.5）
［分析］ 本句为主从复合句。“Although modern... crops”为_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 从句；“for whom traditions hold much value”为“介词+关系代词”引导的_ _ 从句。
［翻译］ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]让步状语； 定语； 虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍旧意义重大，他们是把传统看得很重的人。
Activity 5 Grammar Filling for the passage
The Longji Rice Terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people in Guangxi. 1. （start） in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until its 2. （complete） in the early Qing Dynasty. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom 3. the very top. So why did these people go to so much trouble 4. （turn） the entire mountains into terraces Firstly, they could increase the areas in 5. they could grow rice. Secondly, the flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed 6. . The terraces are 7. （clever） designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other. During the 8. （rain） season, rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces along these waterways. This knowledge of agriculture 9. （pass） down through families. Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder 10. （create） by people and nature working together.
[答案]
1．Starting
2．completion
3．to
4．to turn
5．which
6．away
7．cleverly
8．rainy
9．is passed
10．created
Activity 6 Discussion
1．In order to live in harmony with nature, what should we do
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]We should adapt to local condition and make use of nature in an environment-friendly way.
2．What can we learn from the local Zhuang and Yao people
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]We should learn to use the land wisely and live in harmony with nature. Besides, their diligence and love for nature are what we should learn.
自查语基 知能落实
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
A.陡的，陡峭的
B.霜
C.蒸气
D.包，裹
E.朝代
F.庄稼，作物
G.土壤
H.梯田
1．wrap v.
2．frost n.
3．terrace n.
4．dynasty n.
5．steep adj.
6．soil n.
7．vapour n.
8．crop n.
[答案]
1．D
2．B
3．H
4．E
5．A
6．G
7．C
8．F
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．a _ _ _ _ of ice 一层冰
[答案]sheet
2．the Asia-Pacific _ _ _ _ _ _ 亚太地区
[答案]region
3．This house is smaller and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cheaper.这所房子小一点，所以价格也就便宜一些。
[答案]therefore
4．a _ _ _ _ _ _ dish 一个浅盘
[答案]shallow
5．_ _ _ _ _ _ the spread of the disease防止这种疾病的传播
[答案]prevent
6．_ _ _ _ _ _ a car 设计一辆汽车
[答案]design
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n．完成，结束→complete v．完成；结束 adj.完全的，彻底的→completely adv.完全地；全部地；彻底地
[答案]completion
2．_ _ _ _ _ _ n．融洽相处，和谐→harmonious adj.（关系）友好和睦的，和谐的；协调的
[答案]harmony
3．_ _ v．伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→（反义词）harmless adj.无害的
[答案]harm
4．_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的
[答案]agriculture
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．High mountains, trees and houses _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （被覆盖在……中） snow, showing us a beautiful scene.
[答案]are covered in
2．As we all know, rainforests _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （是……的栖息地） a wide range of animals and plants.
[答案]are home to
3．This building's height _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （从底部到顶部） is almost 30 metres, and the width is from 8 to 12 metres.
[答案]from the bottom to the top
4．Why did Yu Gong _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （不辞辛苦去） remove the mountains, Taihang and Wangwu
[答案]go to so much/the trouble to
5．By taking action and not giving up, you can _ _ your dreams _ _ （把……变为） reality, no matter how big or small they may seem.
[答案]turn； into
6．There are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （大量的） places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.
[答案]plenty of
7．His back injury may _ _ _ _ _ _ him _ _ （阻止） playing in tomorrow's game, which makes him very disappointed.
[答案]prevent； from
8．After a heavy rain, the flood caused severe damage and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （冲走） much of the soil.
[答案]washed away
9．Only when we learn to live _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……和谐相处） nature can we stop being a threat （威胁） to wildlife.
[答案]in harmony with
10．This hotel always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a shoe-cleaning service _ _ （为……提供……） guests for nothing.
[答案]provides； for
11．Our traditional culture like Peking Opera should be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （传承） from one generation to the next.
[答案]passed down
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．无生命名词作主语
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （夏天见证群山变得翠绿） with growing rice.（Para.1）
[答案]Summer sees the mountains turn bright green
2．“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （他们可以种植水稻的面积）.（Para.3）
[答案]the areas in which they could grow rice
3．the way （+in which/that）+定语从句
But perhaps what is most significant is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （人们工作的方式） in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.（Para.4）
[答案]the way in which people have worked
创意课堂 点面突破
1 go to so much/the trouble to do/of doing sth.费尽周折/不辞辛苦做某事
【经典例句】（教材P83）So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces 那么，这些人为什么要费尽周折地把群山变成梯田呢？
（1）in trouble 处于困境之中 ask for trouble自找麻烦；自寻烦恼 get into trouble陷入困境 （2）have trouble/difficulty （in） doing sth.做某事有困难 take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳地做某事
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） Our English teacher always takes the trouble _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （listen）carefully to his students' questions, ensuring that he can provide the most helpful answers.［应用文写作之人物介绍］
（2） （译林必修一U4）She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She told me she had trouble _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （concentrate） in class.
（3） 希望我的粗心大意没有给你带来太多的麻烦。
I hope my carelessness _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之道歉信］
[答案]
（1） to listen
（2） concentrating
（3） hasn't brought/caused you too much trouble/hasn't put you to too much trouble
2 prevent v．阻挡，防止
【经典例句】（教材P83）The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
平坦的梯田可以接住雨水，防止土壤被冲走。
（1） （2）prevention n.防止，预防
【单句语法填空/语段填空/完成句子】
（1） [（2024·浙江卷1月）]But this highly informed, self-educated， and admirable person prevented me _ _ _ _ （do） so.
（2） The best _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of sandstorms is planting trees. In northern China, people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ sandstorms by doing so for years. （prevent）
（3） 为了保持河流和湖泊清洁并防止水被污染,我们必须采取措施保护它们。
In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , we must do something to protect them.［应用文写作之环境保护］
[答案]
（1） doing
（2） prevention；have prevented
（3） prevent/stop/keep water from being polluted
（1）在主动语态中“keep...from...”中的from不可省略，“prevent...from...”和“stop...from...”中的from可省略；
（2）在被动语态中，这几个短语中的from都不可省略。
3 harmony n.融洽相处，和谐
【经典例句】（教材P84）But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.
但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造这些梯田，种植水稻。
（1）in harmony with与……和谐相处；与……协调一致 out of harmony with与……不和谐；与……不协调一致 （2）harmonious adj. 和谐的
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） We gradually realize that honesty will contribute to building a warm and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （harmony） society.
（2） 这项运动对孩子们很有好处，因为它可以教孩子们如何与他人融洽地合作。
The sport is great for kids, for it can teach them _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]
（1） harmonious
（2） how to work in harmony with others
4 design v.设计；制订；计划；谋划；构思 n.设计；图案；布局；安排；意图
【经典例句】（教材P84）The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.
梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。
（1）be designed for sb./sth.为某人/某事而设计 be designed to do sth.目的是做某事；被设计用于做某事 （2）by design=on purpose 故意地,蓄意地 （3）designer n. 设计者,设计师
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
（1） Many columns of the English newspaper are specially designed _ _ senior high school students to enrich our boring campus life.
（2） I'm terribly sorry to say that I have hurt your feelings, but I didn't do it design.［应用文写作之道歉信］
（3） 我写信是邀请您参加我们为了帮助对中国传统文化感兴趣的国际学生而设计的活动。
I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . ［应用文写作之邀请信］
[答案]
（1） for
（2） by
（3） （which is） designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture
5 harm v.& n.伤害，损害
【经典例句】（教材P84）These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以伤害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
（1）do harm to sb./sth.=do sb./sth. harm对某人/某物有害 （2）harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to...对……有害 harmless adj.无害的 be harmless to...对……无害
【同义替换】
Green tourism doesn't harm our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy the world.
→Green tourism _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy the world.
→Green tourism _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy the world.
→Green tourism _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ our environment and will be a new way for us to enjoy the world.
[答案]does no harm to； is harmless to； isn't harmful to
6 无生命名词作主语
【经典例句】（教材P82）Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.
夏天，随着水稻的生长，群山变得翠绿。
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类： （1）以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用see、witness、find等动词作谓语； （2）表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词（如word、anger、courage等）作主语，用fail、desert、escape等动词作谓语； （3）具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用remind、make、let、lead、send、drive等动词作谓语。
【完成句子】
（1） 上周五下午,我们学校和德国姐妹学校在操场上进行了一场足球友谊比赛。
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ between our school and the German sister school on the playground. ［应用文写作之报道］
（2） 非常感谢你的慷慨帮助，我无法用语言表达。
I am so grateful to your generous help and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .［应用文写作之感谢信］
（3） 当他不得不和她说话时，他的勇气突然消失了，他发现自己连一个字也说不出来。
When he had to speak to her, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , and he found himself unable to say a single word. ［读后续写之心理描写］
[答案]
（1） Last Friday afternoon saw a friendly football match
（2） words fail me
（3） his courage suddenly escaped him
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．It is really a hard job to d_ _ _ _ a perfect railway in that vast desert.
[答案]esign
2．This is a safe measure to p_ _ _ _ _ _ people who are cut off from society from being cheated by false information.
[答案]revent
3．In the morning, I woke up to find the ground outside covered with a _ _ _ _ （大片） of white snow.
[答案]sheet
4．With the development of industry and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （农业）, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.
[答案]agriculture
5．Different _ _ _ _ _ _ （地区） have different accents, which makes it difficult for people to understand each other.
[答案]regions
6．I know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （因此） I'm writing to invite you to an art show.
[答案]therefore
7．[（2023·浙江卷1月）]The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan D_ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]ynasty
8．It is found that people are more creative following the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （完成） of a tedious task.
[答案]completion
9．There is no doubt that watching TV too much does h_ _ to teenagers' eyesight.
[答案]arm
10．As we all know， the only way for us to survive is to live in h_ _ _ _ _ _ with nature.
[答案]armony
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．The region _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （是……的栖息地） some of the world's endangered animals, including tigers and Asian elephants.
[答案]is home to
2．The organization aims to recycle used materials and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （变废为宝）.
[答案]turn waste into wealth
3．We must make sure that economic development is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （与……相协调） environmental protection.
[答案]in harmony with
4．Chinese kung fu is a very important and unique form of Chinese culture, which has been _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （传承） from generation to generation.
[答案]passed down
5．There is no need to worry—you've got _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （大量的） time to prepare for the contest.
[答案]plenty of
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
With the aim of sustainable development, 1. （近来全世界见证了生态旅游的兴起；无生命名词作主语）. By being exposed to natural areas, tourists can have a pleasant experience to get close to nature. Ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and locals. Ecotourism is a true eco-friendly trip, 2. （生态旅游有利于当地社区的经济发展；“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句）. We have only one planet. 3. （与自然和谐相处；动词-ing作主语） contributes to the protection of the planet.
[答案]
1．the whole world has seen the rise of ecotourism recently
2．in which ecotourism benefits the economic development of local communities
3．Living in harmony with nature
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．Environmental problems are getting worse and worse, which will be _ _ _ _ _ _ （harm） to people's health and well-being.
[答案]harmful
2．The idea of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （harmony） relationship between humans and wetlands is becoming a reality in China.
[答案]harmonious
3．Tai Chi, marked with slow and gentle movements, is created for self-protection, strengthening of body and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （prevent） of diseases.
[答案]prevention
4．Thanks to the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （agriculture） development, farmers are leading a happy life in this area.
[答案]agricultural
5．The large factory _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in 2024, whose _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ meant plenty of job chances for the local people.（complete）
[答案]was completed； completion
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1．The company will provide benefits _ _ employees, including health insurance and retirement plans.
[答案]for
2．The book, designed _ _ young adults, turned out to be popular with the elderly.
[答案]for
3．There are plenty opportunities for kids to exchange thoughts and the communication will help them develop social skills.
[答案]of
4．Shangri-la, a place of mystery and beauty, is indeed an ideal world where people live in perfect harmony _ _ nature.
[答案]with
5．Humans pass _ _ their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education, which is essential for the development and progress of society.
[答案]down
维度三 完成句子
1．过去的十年见证了海洋物种的急剧下降，所以现在是我们提高海洋保护意识的时候了。（无生命名词作主语）
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in marine species, so it is high time that we raised our awareness of ocean protection.
[答案]The past ten years saw/witnessed a sharp decline
2．在许多情况下，你说话的方式比你说的内容更重要。［the way（+in which/that）+定语从句］
In many situations, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is far more important than what you say.
[答案]the way （in which/that） you say something
3．她不辞辛苦地练习英语写作，这就是她的作文这么好的原因。
She _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , which is why her composition is so good.
[答案]goes to the trouble to practice English writing
维度四 融合教材·主题探究
【改编自人教选必一U3】
A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps
I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. I'm above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my watch， I see that it is 7：30 a．m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. I'm in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with no roads or towns．
A Land of Mountains and Ice
Sarek's mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. Around 9，000 years ago, this ice melted, leaving behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive. Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development is banned within park boundaries. At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible. Close by, there are a few reindeer feeding on grass．
1．Why does the author say “telling whether it is morning or night is impossible”
A. Because the wind is too strong.
B. Because it is summer above the Arctic Circle.
C. Because the watch is broken.
D. Because the sun is shining too brightly.
2．Why was Sarek made a national park
A. Because Sarek's mountains were covered by vast sheets of ice.
B. Because there were varieties of rare animals.
C. Because the government hoped to keep Sarek in its natural state.
D. Because the Sami people made this territory their home.
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 2
A. The Sami people arrived at Sarek's mountains earlier than reindeer.
B. In 1990, Sarek was made a national park.
C. All new development is banned within park boundaries.
D. The Sami are not allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park.
4．Where would you most likely read this passage
A. A science article. B. A travel journal.
C. A travel brochure. D. A news report.
[答案]
1．B
2．C
3．C
4．B
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·烟台一中高一期末）]A
When I was growing up,my grandparents bought a second home in a small forest in Arkansas and would bring me there every single summer. I would spend a lot of time outside there following my grandfather around while he did yard work. We would collect cool-looking rocks and refill the hummingbird feeders.
I always remember my grandparents calling me over to the window when a deer family was in the yard or a few hummingbirds were at the feeders so that I could watch them. I would explore around in the yard by myself sometimes to look for interesting rocks and if I was lucky, I would find a turtle （龟）. If I did find a turtle, my grandfather would put it in the kiddy pool for me to observe for a few minutes. I was always amazed by these creatures. After I finished observing the turtle, my grandfather would pick it up and return it to the bush where I found it. I would watch in amazement as it slowly stuck its legs out and went back.
I always felt very at peace at my grandparents' home. It was quiet and full of interesting natural things I never got to see in Illinois. They disturbed the land around them as little as possible and didn't see it as a nuisance （讨厌的东西）， but rather a beautiful view.
As Aldo Leopold, an American scientist, puts it, we should take time to enjoy and observe the natural world around us. When we do this,we find it brings us happiness and has a great value beyond just that of resources. Protection of the natural world is important because we are dependent upon it for life. We cannot worsen such a bountiful provider at such a speed because it will never return to anything like what it once was.
Whenever I get lost in the lights and noises in this forest of cement （水泥） high-rises,the memories will calm me down and make me smile.
1．What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 2
A. His interest in rocks and animals.
B. His connection with the natural world.
C. His daily activities during the summer vacation.
D. His close relationship with Grandparents.
2．Why did the author feel peaceful at Grandparents' home
A. Because of the company of his grandfather.
B. Because of the time spent in the small forest.
C. Because of the undisturbed natural environment.
D. Because of the interesting hummingbirds and the turtle.
3．What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Nature. B. Illinois.
C. The small forest. D. Grandparents' home.
4．What can we infer about the author from the passage
A. He is living in a city at present.
B. He always gets lost in the forest.
C. He grows up with his grandparents.
D. He feels sad about the disappearing forest.
[答案]
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．A
[解析]
1．段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,作者在窗前看鹿、蜂鸟,寻找有趣的小石块,找到龟并观察龟,然后看着龟被放归自然。因此本段主要谈论的是作者与自然世界的联系。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was quiet and...around them as little as possible”可知,祖父母尽可能少地打扰周围的土地,他们家是有趣而安静的,因此作者感到平静。
3．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Protection of the natural world...anything like what it once was.”可知,保护自然世界很重要,因为我们的生命都依赖它,我们不能以这样的速度使这样一个慷慨的供应者变得更糟,因为它永远不会恢复到以前的样子。由此可推知，画线部分指代上文中提到的the natural world。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,每当作者迷失在高楼林立的城市的灯光和喧嚣中时,回忆会让作者冷静下来。由此可推知，作者现在生活在城市里。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在成长过程中,在祖父母家里观察周围的自然世界的美好回忆。
[（2025·辽宁七校协作体高一月考）]B
The sun rises over the Cordillera mountain ranges in the Philippines, lighting up the beautiful terraced rice fields. Rows of terraces wrap around the mountainsides from the ground to the very mountaintops, as far as the eye can see. Built with stone walls at least 1,000 years old, possibly 2,000 years， they are maintained by the ancient tradition and the lifestyle of the local Ifugao people. But life here is changing， and with it comes threat to this World Heritage （遗产） Site.
Young people are influenced by modern media and no longer want to work such long hours. More educational opportunities mean that many choose to make a life outside of the villages and rice fields. Roads are being built, allowing trucks bearing agricultural goods and buses bringing more tourists to and fro. More tourists mean the need for more water and food, and the production of more waste and pollution. Ugly tall buildings, rather than beautiful traditional wooden homes, spring up in some villages.
Can these changes be managed so that the terraces continue to produce rice, and remain a beautiful part of our world heritage？Jimmy Padchanan, an official of the village of Mayoyao, said in an interview, “We are combining the old societies with the new， while maintaining many of our values.” He and the local people were confident that they would keep the best of the new and the strength of the past to protect the terraces, which are described as “a living cultural landscape of breathtaking beauty”.
5．What do we know about the Cordillera terraces from paragraph 1
A. They are often lit up at night.
B. They are covered with various crops.
C. They are built at the foot of the mountain.
D. They are maintained in old ways.
6．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. The changing life. B. The maintenance of terraces.
C. The ancient tradition. D. The lifestyle of local people.
7．Which problem are the Cordillera terraces facing nowadays
A. Young people pay too much attention to media.
B. Many youths left the area.
C. Tourists cause safety concerns.
D. Agricultural land is largely taken up.
8．According to the passage, what will the local people do in the future
A. Stop the modernization of the region.
B. Open mind to new ideas.
C. Have a mix of old and new.
D. Involve more development in the area.
[答案]
5．D
6．A
7．B
8．C
[解析]
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Built with stone walls ... the local Ifugao people.”可知，此地的阶梯稻田保存着传统的方式。
6．代词指代题。根据第一段中的“But life here is changing， and with it comes threat to this World Heritage Site.”可知，it指代上文中提到的“life here is changing”，即一直在改变的生活。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Young people are influenced by...the villages and rice fields.”可知，科迪勒拉阶梯稻田面临的问题是很多年轻人离开了此地，去外地发展。
8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He and the local people ... to protect the terraces”可推知，在未来，此地的居民在接受新事物的同时，也会保持着阶梯稻田的传统方式。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。随着经济的发展以及旅游业的繁荣，科迪勒拉山脉的伊富高地区的阶梯稻田被破坏，威胁着这一文化遗产的保护。但是当地官员和居民相信，他们在发展的同时也能够保护好传统。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[（2025·湖北新高考联考协作体高一期末）]Last night my husband and I were walking when we saw a man bending over on the ground, crushing （碾碎） something with a rock. He was so focused on his task that he didn't 1 at anyone passing by. We kept 2 him and wondered what he could be doing. I thought he was crushing stones to make something, but why would he do that
Finally, we decided to go up and ask him. He was crushing pieces of leftover （剩余的） bread that he had collected to 3 food for the birds that come here early in the morning. The large pieces of bread would be difficult for the birds to eat 4 he crushed them into powder （粉末）. Every afternoon, after coming home from his 5 as a driver, he 6 the villas （乡间别墅）, collecting 7 bread from all his roommates. He then eats a quick meal and comes here, and 8 the next 1 to 2 hours carefully crushing each piece and makes a nice pile for the birds. He has been doing this for the last 3 to 4 years, which 9 us a lot. When we told him that we 10 an interest in this, he felt amazed, since for him it wasn't a big 11 . When we asked him what encouraged him to do this act of 12 , he said, “It's just something small I do, so that the leftover bread doesn't go into the 13 and the birds get food.” We shared his story with the hope that it would remind us to be 14 of leftovers and that it might 15 someone to start something similar in their own area.
1．A. make up B. look up C. get up D. pick up
2．A. reminding B. greeting C. noticing D. bothering
3．A. deliver B. prepare C. cook D. waste
4．A. and B. or C. but D. so
5．A. shelter B. job C. yard D. campus
6．A. breaks into B. goes around C. cleans up D. takes over
7．A. delicious B. sweet C. fresh D. leftover
8．A. pays B. takes C. spends D. costs
9．A. delighted B. moved C. calmed D. discouraged
10．A. took B. occupied C. flashed D. became
11．A. content B. deal C. error D. present
12．A. kindness B. trust C. respect D. bravery
13．A. well B. park C. factory D. rubbish
14．A. confident B. aware C. proud D. afraid
15．A. order B. beg C. encourage D. persuade
[答案]
1．B
2．C
3．B
4．D
5．B
6．B
7．D
8．C
9．B
10．A
11．B
12．A
13．D
14．B
15．C
[解析]
1．根据上文“He was so focused on his task”可知,男人专注于自己的事情,所以没有抬头看（look up）任何经过的人。
2．根据下文“wondered what he could be doing”可知,作者他们想知道那个男人在干什么,所以就一直注意（notice）他。
3．根据上文“He was crushing pieces of leftover bread that he had collected”和下文food for the birds可知,男人碾碎他收集来的剩面包是为了给清晨来这里的鸟儿准备（prepare）食物。
4．上文“The large pieces of bread would be difficult for the birds to eat”和下文“he crushed them into powder”之间为因果关系。
5．根据上文“Every afternoon, after coming home from”和下文as a driver可知,他的工作（job）是司机。
6．根据上文crushing pieces of leftover bread及下文“the villas, collecting bread from all his roommates”可知,他下班后在别墅周围转一圈（go around）,收集剩（leftover）面包。
7．参见上题解析。
8．根据下文“the next 1 to 2 hours carefully crushing each piece”可知,他花费（spend）时间碾碎面包。
9．根据上文“He has been doing this for the last 3 to 4 years”可知,能够持之以恒地做一件小事,这很令人敬佩与感动（move）。
10．根据上文“We kept him and wondered what he could be doing.”可知,作者和丈夫对男人所做的事情很感兴趣。take an interest in意为“对……感兴趣”。
11．根据下文“It's just something small I do”可知,男人觉得自己做的并不是一件至关重要的事儿（deal）。
12．根据上文“He was crushing pieces of...come here early in the morning.”可知,男人为鸟儿准备食物,所以这是一种善良（kindness）的行为。
13．根据上文“so that the leftover bread doesn't go into”和下文“and the birds get food”可知,剩余的面包成了鸟儿的食物,就不会被扔进垃圾（rubbish）里。
14．根据上文“it would remind us to be”和下文of leftovers可知,作者和丈夫分享了男人的故事,是希望这个故事能提醒大家也要注意剩饭剩菜。be aware of意为“注意到”。
15．根据下文“someone to start something similar in their own area”可知,作者和丈夫希望这个故事能鼓励（encourage）他人也进行类似的善意之举。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者和丈夫外出散步时,发现一个男人正把收集来的剩面包碾碎,当作给鸟儿准备的食物的故事。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A sand storm often takes place in the northern China, 1. is a kind of natural disaster. China usually experiences this kind of weather between February and May, while March and April see the most frequent and the 2. （strong） sand storms. It becomes a very important environmental problem. It does lots of harm 3. the society as well as the environment. Firstly, the strong wind destroys soil and plant cover by 4. （bury） fields with sand and dust. Secondly, by leaving too much dust in the air it will 5. （serious） pollute the air. Thirdly, a sand storm will have 6. bad effect on transportation. The dust in the air makes traffic and aircraft movements more difficult. And when the sand buries the roads, the traffic will 7. （block）. When plants in the farmland are buried, food supply will lose.
Sand storms are another 8. （punish） nature gives to mankind. We should not only take effective measures 9. （stop） them, but also draw some 10. （lesson） from them. We should not develop the economy （经济） at the cost of the natural environment.
[答案]
1．which
2．strongest
3．to
4．burying
5．seriously
6．a
7．be blocked
8．punishment
9．to stop
10．lessons
[解析]
1．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指物，应用which。
2．考查形容词最高级。 分析句子结构可知，and连接并列两项；根据上文中的the most frequent可知，空处应用形容词最高级形式。
3．考查固定搭配。do harm to...为固定搭配，意为“对……造成损害”。
4．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，介词by后应用动名词形式。
5．考查副词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰动词pollute。
6．考查冠词。 have a bad effect on...为固定搭配，意为“对……产生不良影响”。
7．考查被动语态。根据语境可知，block与主语traffic之间为被动关系，空处应用被动语态，且空前有will，应填be blocked。
8．考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作表语。
9．考查非谓语动词。take measures to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“采取措施做某事”。
10．考查名词复数。draw lessons from...为固定搭配，意为“从……中吸取教训”，此处应用lesson的复数形式。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国经常发生的沙尘暴造成的危害，告诫我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。
Period 2 Using language
定语从句（3） “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
要义详析 探究语法
一、 关系代词的确定
感知经典
（1）（教材P84）This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.
这就形成了云，雨又从云中落下，落到山上的梯田里。
（2）（教材P84）Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value. 虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的农作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍旧意义重大，他们是把传统看得很重的人。
（3）（教材P85）There are hundreds of waterways, along which rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 这里有数百条水道，雨水沿着这些水道顺着山脉流入梯田里。
明悉规则
“介词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom，不可以用who或that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不可以用that。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，限制性定语从句中的关系代词还可以省去，尤其是在口语中。
二、介词的选取
感知经典
（1）（教材P82）These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home.
这些梯田是由当地的壮族和瑶族人民开辟的，广西就是他们的故乡。
（2）（人教必修一U5）Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. 书面汉语也已成为联系中国现在与过去的一个重要手段。
（3）The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
亚马孙河是这片热带雨林名字的由来，全长约6 400千米——约比长江长100千米。
明悉规则
1.“介词+关系代词”中介词的选取主要看以下三方面：
（1）根据定语从句修饰先行词的习惯来确定介词；
（2）根据定语从句中某些词或短语的习惯搭配来确定介词；
（3）根据上下文要表达的具体意思来确定介词。
2.当定语从句中的动词短语含有不可拆分的介词时，该介词不能放在关系代词前面。常见的这类动词短语有look at、 look into、 listen to、 hear from、 look after、 break into等。
三、“介词+关系代词”的特殊用法
感知经典
（1）（教材P84）But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which（=that） people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.
但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造这些梯田，种植水稻。
（2）（教材P84）These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以伤害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
（3）Great changes have taken place in the city in which（=where） I was born.
我出生的那个城市已经发生了巨大的变化。
（4）Look at the building, the roof of which（= whose roof） is white.
看那座建筑, 它的屋顶是白色的。
（5）There are two buildings, the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high.
这里有两座建筑物，较大的那座几乎有100英尺高。
明悉规则
1.the way作先行词，后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语，则用in which/that，可省略。
2.“代词（all/each/one/many/much/some/none/both）/数词+of+which/whom”通常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。
3.“介词+which”在定语从句中，可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when、where和why。
4.“the+名词+of+which/whom”引导定语从句时,of which/whom充当定语，修饰前面的名词，整个结构相当于“whose+名词”引导的定语从句。
5.“the+形容词比较级/最高级+of+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[（2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ）]So，why did he suddenly force me to do something at _ _ _ _ I was sure to fail
[答案]which
2．The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 60% of _ _ _ _ are sold abroad.
[答案]which
3．Many young people, most of _ _ are volunteers, have taken part in the activities to support the Olympics.
[答案]whom
4．There are many good websites on _ _ _ _ you can check out the latest information, including news, entertainment, technology, and more.
[答案]which
5．The historic building is as much part of our culture as traditional Chinese paintings, which we always take great pride.
[答案]in
6．The newly-built library, the walls of _ _ _ _ are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us.
[答案]which
7．Would you be kind enough to help the boy _ _ whom Chinese is really hard to learn
[答案]for
8．Wind power is an ancient source of energy which we may return in the near future.
[答案]to
9．My father is the first person to _ _ I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
[答案]whom
10．She is looking forward to the day on _ _ _ _ her daughter will win the gold medal in the Olympics.
[答案]which
Ⅱ.语法与写作（用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句合并下列句子）
1．He is a man of great experience. Much can be learned from him.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]He is a man of great experience, from whom much can be learned.
2．I joined the voluntary organization on that day. I will never forget the day.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I will never forget the day on which I joined the voluntary organization.
3．I have bought two books recently. Neither of them interests my brother.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I have bought two books recently, neither of which interests my brother.
4．I would like to thank my English teacher. I would have never passed the college entrance examination without her.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]I would like to thank my English teacher, without whom I would have never passed the college entrance examination.
5．In the Chinese class, our teacher often creates an environment. We are given the opportunity to solve problems by ourselves in the environment.
→_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
[答案]In the Chinese class, our teacher often creates an environment in which we are given the opportunity to solve problems by ourselves.
课后巩固 多维提能
［基础知识巩固练］
维度一 单句语法填空
1．Maria has written two novels, both of _ _ _ _ have been made into television series since 2024.
[答案]which
2．Radar has many military uses, one of _ _ _ _ is to provide information useful for navigation.
[答案]which
3．The artist's goal was to combine Western principles of art with Chinese spirit—a point which the two could meet.
[答案]at
4．Soon children in the camp had many new friends, _ _ whom they shared interesting stories happily.
[答案]with
5．The children, all of _ _ had played the whole day long, were tired and ready for bed.
[答案]whom
6．Creating an atmosphere which employees feel part of a team is important to a boss.
[答案]in
7．Yesterday, my friend and I caught a lot of fish, the _ _ _ _ _ _ （big） of which was twenty pounds.
[答案]biggest
8．The two things which they felt very proud were their daughter's polite behavior and excellent academic performance.
[答案]of
9．Thank you for your help，_ _ _ _ _ _ which we couldn't have finished the task on time.
[答案]without
10．The reason _ _ which I am writing to apply for the volunteer job is that I have the following advantages.
[答案]for
11．The day which we will win the final victory will come.
[答案]on
12．The woman whom you spoke just now is our English teacher.
[答案]to
13．This is the farm which my father grows fruit and vegetables.
[答案]on
14．There is a big window _ _ _ _ _ _ which I can see the railway station.
[答案]through
15．I have some American friends _ _ whom I have learned much about the American customs.
[答案]from
16．I wanted to find someone with _ _ I could share my travel experience.
[答案]whom
17．The scientist _ _ _ _ whom we are talking has gone abroad．
[答案]about
18．There is a table in the house which there are some bananas.
[答案]on
维度二 语法与写作（用“介词+关系代词”完成句子）
1．学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会知识的慈善活动。
Students should take an active part in charitable activities _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]from which they can gain social knowledge
2．[（2023·全国乙卷满分作文）]我感到非常自豪,我和父母一起分担家务,从中我了解到父母每天做家务是多么困难。
I felt so proud that I shared housework with my parents, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that how difficult it is for parents to do housework every day.
[答案]from which I learned
3．屋顶在大火中被毁的这座建筑现已修复。
The building， _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ， has been repaired.
[答案]the roof of which/of which the roof was destroyed in the big fire
4．这支篮球队有20名队员，其中最年轻的16岁。
The basketball team has 20 members, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]the youngest of whom is 16 years old
5．据报道，在我的家乡正在建设的两所学校将于明年开学。
It is reported that two schools, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in my hometown, will open next year.
[答案]both of which are being built
6．我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
I think the reason _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ may be the great pressure of study.
[答案]for which you are always angry
7．父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最幸福的一天。
The day _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the happiest day in the boy's life.
[答案]on which his father returned from abroad
8．毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。
After graduation， he returned to the small town _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
[答案]in which he grew up
9．我还记得我们第一次去上海的那一天。
I still remember the day _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for the first time.
[答案]on which we went to Shanghai
10．我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上完成的时代。
We are living in an age _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on computers.
[答案]in which many things can be done
维度三 语篇填空（用“介词+关系代词”填空）
The famous film tells a story of an American high school girl who woke up one day to find that her father was a king. Before she knew she was a princess, she was the most unpopular girl in school. Things changed when she knew she was a princess. She no longer had peace at the school 1. she studied. She was frightened by those who only wanted to make a fool of her or use her. It turned out that the only people 2. she could depend were those who had always stood by her in the days 3. she was unpopular. There were many moments 4. she wanted to run away from this life, but in the end she was encouraged by her father's letter and she was able to lead the life of a real princess. The film is a really good film 5. one can learn a lot.
[答案]
1．in which
2．on whom
3．during which
4．at which
5．from which
［综合能力提升练］
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[（2025·枣庄薛城区、滕州高一期中）]A
Farmers in Italy's famous Tuscany area are struggling to save grape and olive （橄榄） crops influenced by a heatwave and dry conditions. A lack of rainfall since spring has even influenced plants that traditionally grow well in hot and dry weather.
In San Casciano in Val di Pesa, near Florence, olive trees line the hillsides. But farmers say the dry soil is preventing the trees from producing the usual production of fruit.
Tuscany is famous around the world for its olive oil and wine from grapes. Growers in the area say dry, hot weather always has a great influence on the crops and harms production. But this year's heat and lack of water happened during an important time, when the flowers were changing to the fruit. Without water, many flowers fell to the ground before they could produce fruits. This year's oil production could be cut by up to 60 percent.
Olive growers have decided to change some of their farming methods. They have used a new watering method to make up for the lack of rainfall and hot temperatures. The method works with a pipe placed under the trees to drop water little by little.
The influences of weather change have harmed production and plants, but they have also created new areas in Italy where crops can be grown. A few years ago, olive farms were mainly found in hot and dry areas such as Sicily. Now, areas such as Valle d'Aosta in the far north of Italy—which is famous for its snow sport holiday places and mountains—can produce their own oil.
Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany. In Chianti, for example, September is normally the month for the yearly grape harvest. But with continued high temperatures, many grapes are ripening （成熟） earlier than expected. Apart from the drop in grapes caused by the current heatwave, wine growers also have to deal with other serious weather events. An ice storm recently harmed 40 percent of grapes in the area.
1．What was the reason for the drop in oil production this year
A. The dry weather lasted a longer time.
B. The fruit dropped to the ground before harvest.
C. The dry weather happened in a special period.
D. It was uncommon for the crops to experience dry weather.
2．Which of the following is a good influence of the dry weather
A. It increases the planting areas of crops.
B. It encourages better farming methods.
C. It improves the taste of crops.
D. It attracts more tourists to the area.
3．What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph
A. The influences of poor grapes on red wine.
B. The harm brought by an ice storm to grapes.
C. The production of grapes dropped because of dry weather.
D. The influences of bad weather on grapes.
4．Which is the best title for the passage
A. Farmers in Italy Are Expecting Some Rain
B. New Ways Are Introduced to Fight Against Dry Weather
C. Dry Weather Influences Italy's Famous Grape & Olive Crops
D. More Areas in Italy Are Fit for Crops Because of Warming Climate
[答案]
1．C
2．A
3．D
4．C
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But this year's heat and...before they could produce fruits.”可知,今年橄榄油产量下降是因为干燥的天气发生在一个特殊的时期。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The influences of weather change...where crops can be grown.”及第五段最后一句所举的例子可知,干燥天气的好的影响是增加了作物的种植面积。
3．段落大意题。根据最后一段内容，特别是“Climate change is also influencing wine crops in Tuscany.”可知,本段主要介绍了恶劣天气对葡萄的影响。
4．标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Farmers in Italy's famous Tuscany...by a heatwave and dry conditions.”及下文内容可知,本文主要介绍了干燥的天气影响了意大利著名的葡萄和橄榄作物。C项最适合作文章标题。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了炎热和干燥天气对意大利的葡萄和橄榄作物的影响。
[（2025·鞍山一中高一期末考试）]B
In January 2023, Rio Verde Foothills, a desert community in Arizona, found itself in a bad situation:The water supply was cut off.
The community is made up of about 2,000 homes. For years, many in the community have depended on water trucked in from the nearby city of Scottsdale, which gets its water from the Colorado River. But the river is drying up. Scottsdale says it has to save water for its own. Now people in Rio Verde Foothills must find a solution.
Some experts say the solution is to bring water from outside the state. One idea is to build a desalination （海水淡化） plant on Mexico's Sea of Cortez. The plant will take away salt from the water and supply that water to Arizona through a 200-mile pipeline （管道）.Supporters say this can provide fresh water for about ten years.
Environmentalists say the desalination project will harm the planet in several ways. Some of the salt taken out of the Sea of Cortez might end up back in the ocean, harming wildlife. The pipeline will be harmful to land where people and animals live. And the desalination process uses lots of power. This will create greenhouse gases, which are causing the conditions that have led to Arizona's water problems.
Margaret Wilder, a professor at the University of Arizona,says the government should focus on reducing water demand （需求） rather than increasing supply. That means taking water-saving measures and controlling how many homes are built in the desert.“We need to start asking questions when people present us with unproblematic solutions to the water problem,” says Wilder.
People in Tucson,Arizona,have found a solution to the city's water shortage:rainwater. Thousands of households are collecting it and using it for cooking,for drinking, and for watering. Government leaders have taken notice. The city now requires publicly built roads to collect rainwater. Tucson also helps residents pay for equipment that collects rainwater for home use.
5．Why did Scottsdale cut off the water supply to Rio Verde Foothills
A. The locals wasted plenty of fresh water.
B. Mexico's Sea of Cortez was polluted.
C. More and more people moved to the community.
D. The water level of the Colorado River had fallen.
6．What do the environmentalists think of the desalination project
A. It won't solve the water shortage.
B. It can improve people's well-being.
C. It can't meet the community's needs.
D. It might be bad for the environment.
7．What does Margaret Wilder probably suggest
A. Increasing the water supply. B. Taking action to save water.
C. Making the most of rainwater. D. Planting trees on the river banks.
8．Where is this passage likely from
A. Newspaper. B. Guidebook. C. Diary. D. Novel.
[答案]
5．D
6．D
7．B
8．A
[解析]
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For years, many in the...the river is drying up.”可推知,斯科茨代尔市切断供水是因为科罗拉多河的水位下降了,供水不足。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,环保人士认为海水淡化项目可能对地球环境有害。
7．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，玛格丽特·怀尔德认为,政府应把重点放在减少用水需求上,而不是增加供水上,即应采取行动节约用水。
8．文章出处题。本文第一段便简明扼要地说明了时间、地点及事件,再结合全文内容可知,下文围绕第一段的主要信息展开。由此可知,本文是一篇新闻报道,文章可能选自报纸。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。科罗拉多河逐渐干涸,这导致里奥贝尔德山麓社区供水中断，当地居民努力寻求解决方案。
[（2025·滕州月考）]C
Nature works like a big clock. Everything is arranged in order and interconnected. Every part has its place and its role. Take the wolf for example. As meat-eaters, wolves regulate the number of plant-eaters so that they do not reproduce too many. All animals and plants are closely related in a system.
The wolves remind me of a story from my childhood when my grandfather gave me an old clock. The first thing I did was take the clock apart to find out how it worked. Even though I was sure that I knew how to put it back together in working order, I couldn't do it. After I rebuilt it, there were a few parts left over and a grandfather who was not in the best of moods. In the wild, wolves play the role of such parts. If we remove them, not only do the enemies of sheep and cattle disappear, but the system of nature also begins to run differently, so differently that rivers change course and many local bird species （物种） die out.
And things can also go wrong when a species is added. For example, the introduction of a nonnative fish leads to a great decrease in the local deer population. Because of a fish The earth's ecosystems, it seems, are a bit too complex （复杂的） for us to draw up simple rules of cause and effect. Even protection work can have unexpected results. Who knew, for example, that recovering crane （鹤） populations in Europe would affect the production of Iberian ham
So it's high time we took a good look at the interconnections between species both large and small. It's important for us to realize that even small interventions （干预） can have huge influences, and we'd do better to keep our hands off everything in nature that we do not have to touch.
9．What does the underlined word “regulate” mean in paragraph 1
A. Control. B. Count. C. Record. D. Increase.
10．What does the author want to show with the story in paragraph 2
A. Curiosity kills the cat. B. Every part matters.
C. Clocks are hard to rebuild. D. Grandfather's love lasts.
11．Why can things also go wrong when a species is added
A. Local species will disappear soon.
B. Rules of cause and effect are simple in nature.
C. The interconnections in nature are complex.
D. Protection projects are too hard to complete.
12．What does the author suggest people do
A. Pay more attention to small animals.
B. Stay away from protection work.
C. Take a new look at meat-eaters.
D. Think twice before stepping in.
[答案]
9．A
10．B
11．C
12．D
[解析]
9．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“As meat-eaters, wolves...do not reproduce too many.”可知，狼会控制食草动物的数量，这样就会避免食草动物的过度繁殖，画线词与A项意义相近。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者通过拆解闹钟却无法复原的故事，类比了如果移除自然界中的某个物种（如狼），就会导致整个生态系统失衡。因此，作者想要表达的是自然界中的每个部分都很重要，不应该被随意移除或改变。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And things can also go wrong...in the local deer population.”以及“The earth's ecosystems, it seems...draw up simple rules of cause and effect.”可知，地球上的生态系统非常复杂，添加新物种可能会破坏原有的生态平衡，导致意想不到的结果，即自然界的相互联系是复杂的。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It's important for us to realize...we do not have to touch.”可推知，作者认为即使是微小的干预也可能对自然界产生巨大的影响，因此建议人们在介入之前要三思。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大自然就像一个巨大的钟表在运作。每样东西都排列整齐，相互联系。作者建议人们在干预自然界之前要三思而后行。
Ⅱ.七选五
[（2025·安徽阜南高一期中）]A simple and common way to water plants is to hold a garden pipe （管子） and let the water fall down directly on the plants and soil. This is a good choice that does not waste water. It can also help prevent plant disease. But a garden pipe is not the only way to water your plants.
The Time and Way of Watering
1. This lets the water go deep into the soil before the weather gets too hot. If you water the plants late in the day, the water will just evaporate （蒸发） from the surface. If you water the plants in the evening, the plants stay too wet overnight.
How you water the plants is just as important as when you water them. If you water the soil quickly every day, it does not help the roots, which can spread over 30 centimeters into the soil. Water the soil less often, but deep. Be careful when watering very dry soil because the water will just run off without getting into the soil.2.
Collect and Reuse Water
One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water. Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods, keep it and reuse it to water plants.3. You can also catch and use rainwater.
Choose Plants
Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs.4. Drought-resistant （抗旱的） plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered.
It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live. These plants are likely to be resistant to drought.5. After that, they can live on just rainwater except during times of extreme heat.
A.Put more pipes around the plants.
B.But watering needs should be considered, too.
C.Just make sure the water does not have salt in it.
D.They just need watering for the first two years.
E.The best time to water your plants is in the morning.
F.Growing plants in containers usually needs much water.
G.Water your plants slowly and make sure the water is taken in by earth.
[答案]
1．E
2．G
3．C
4．B
5．D
[解析]
1．根据下文“This lets the water go deep...the plants stay too wet overnight.”可知,空处是在说明给植物浇水的最佳时间是早上，E项符合语境。
2．根据上文“If you water the soil quickly every day, it does not help the roots”可知,上文建议不要每天快速浇水,空处为本段最后一句,此处说明应该慢慢浇水,确保水被泥土吸收。G项符合语境。
3．根据上文“One way to help keep costs low...and reuse it to water plants.”可知,本段的建议是把用过的水拿来给植物浇水,C项说明这么做的注意事项,承接上文，符合语境。
4．根据上文“Most gardeners just...sunlight needs.”以及下文“Drought-resistant plants...keep thirstier plants watered.”可知,空处与上文构成转折,指出要考虑浇水的需要，B项符合语境。
5．根据上文“It is also best to use...to be resistant to drought.”可知，本地植物可能抗旱,D项承接上文,且D项中的They指代上文中的These plants。
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些给植物浇水的注意事项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[（2025·常州高级中学高一期中）]It has been nearly seven years since a group of volunteers grew flowers on What Cheer Flower Farm in Rhode Island, with 1. simple goal: get flowers into the hands of anyone in need. Best of all, each one of the tens of thousands of flowers that the farm grows and 2. （deliver） is completely free of charge.
What Cheer Flower Farm was founded by three Rhode islanders 3. often gave away flowers from their own gardens and wanted the idea to grow. The farm 4. （regular） brings joy to people at local hospitals, wishing them a quick 5. （recover）.A volunteer from the farm says,“Seeing the 6. （satisfy） smiles on people's faces who weren't expecting it is great.”
The farm's flower beds lie in an industrial neighborhood that once 7. （house） a knife factory. In May, the non-profit （非营利机构） was awarded a ＄500,000 grant from Environmental Protection Agency for its continued efforts 8. （bring） life to the once polluted land.
“Not only do we give this space back 9. the neighborhood,”says Erin Achenbach, a director,“but we are also an eco-friendly spot with the ability to help local insect and bird 10. （population）,and that'll only make people's lives better.”What Cheer Flower Farm indeed can cheer people up!What's good about a flower is that it doesn't need anything else. Your only job,when someone gives you flowers, is to enjoy them.
[答案]
1．a
2．delivers
3．who/that
4．regularly
5．recovery
6．satisfied
7．housed
8．to bring
9．to
10．populations
[解析]
1．考查冠词。此处表示泛指,且simple的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
2．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文“that the farm grows and”可知，此处是that引导的定语从句,在从句中空处和 grows并列，应用第三人称单数形式。
3．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语,先行词是three Rhode islanders,应用关系代词who/that。
4．考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，修饰谓语动词 brings。
5．考查名词。根据空前的a及语境可知,此处应用名词作wishing的宾语。
6．考查形容词。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词smiles,表示“满意的”。
7．考查动词的时态。根据空前的once可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。house在此处为动词,意为“给……提供场地”。
8．考查非谓语动词。空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰efforts。
9．考查介词。give...back to...意为“把……还给……”，为固定搭配。
10．考查名词复数。population意为“（统称）某领域的生物、族群”时为可数名词,此处表示昆虫和鸟类种群，应用复数。
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Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
〈教材助读+语基默写〉见分册本
精读课文 语篇理解
Activity 1 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Amazing gardening. B. History about gardening.
C. The benefits of gardening. D. British enthusiasm for gardening.
[答案]D
Activity 2 Reading for Details
1．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A. Different from people in other countries， the British people's fingers are green.
B. All the British people have their own gardens.
C. Around half the population spend most of their free time gardening.
D. Lots of Br

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