外研版高中英语必修第一册Unit 2 Exploring English Period 2 Using language课件

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外研版高中英语必修第一册Unit 2 Exploring English Period 2 Using language课件

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(共36张PPT)
Period 2 Using language
一、转化法(词性转换)
把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的构词法叫作转化法。
1.名词转化为动词
cook(n.厨师→v.烹饪)
name(n.名字→v.命名)
picture(n.画→v.描绘)
2.形容词转化为动词
calm(adj.平静的→v.使平静)
spare(adj.空闲的→v.抽出)
own(adj.自己的→v.拥有)
last(adj.最后的→v.持续)
3.形容词转化为副词
hard(adj.困难的→adv.努力地)
well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)
二、派生法(前缀和后缀)
在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个新词的构词法,叫作派生法。加在词根之前的词缀为前缀,加在词根之后的词缀为后缀。
(6)(人教必修一U1)The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.
学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程:数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。
(7)(人教必修一U1) Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.
每周三,我们会在食品救济站里干活,把食物分发给社区里的无家可归者。
1.动词变名词后缀
(1)-y
discover→discovery发现
(2)-er/-or/-ar/-ee
employ→employer雇主
educate→educator教育工作者
beg→beggar乞丐
employ→employee雇员
(3)-al
arrive→arrival到达
(4)其他
choose→choice选择
think→thought思想,思考
2.形容词变名词后缀
(1)-y/-ty/-ity
difficult→difficulty困难
safe→safety安全
major→majority大多数
(2)-th
warm→warmth温暖
(3)-ness
happy→happiness幸福
(4)-ce
different→difference差异
3.形容词变副词后缀
(1)直接加-ly
certain→certainly肯定地
(2)以-y结尾的词,变y为i再加-ly
happy→happily高兴地
(3)以-le结尾的词,去e加y
terrible→terribly非常
simple→simply简单地
4.否定前缀
(1)un-
healthy→unhealthy不健康的
(2)im-
possible→impossible不可能的
(3)dis-
like→dislike不喜欢
(4)mis-
understand→misunderstand误解
(5)in-
formal→informal非正式的
(6)non-
smoker→non-smoker不吸烟的人
5.其他意义的前缀、后缀
(1)re-
write→rewrite重写
(2)-less
use→useless无用的
三、合成法
由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫作合成词,这种构词法称为合成法。最常见的合成法包括合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成副词、合成介词。词与词之间有的用连字符连接,有的直接连接在一起。
(6)(译林必修一U1)As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. 作为一名高中生,你必须努力提高沟通技巧和解决问题的能力。
(7)(北师大必修一U3)Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick.
不知怎的,那时我不知道她病了。
(8)(北师大必修一U3)Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. 纵观历史,一些原始习俗已经发生了变化,但是节日的精神——家庭的精神——在很大程度上被保留了下来。
1.合成名词
(1)名词+名词
sportsman男运动员
(2)名词+动词
sunrise日出
(3)名词+动词-ing
sightseeing观光
handwriting书法
(4)动词+名词
playground操场
(5)动词+副词
breakthrough突破
(6)过去分词+副词
grown-up成年人
2.合成形容词
(1)名词+动词-ing
English-speaking讲英语的
peace-loving爱好和平的
(2)形容词+名词+-ed
warm-hearted热心的
(3)数词+名词+-ed
three-storeyed三层的
(4)数词+名词+形容词
three-year-old三岁的
(5)副词+过去分词
well-informed见多识广的
3.合成动词
(1)形容词+动词
whitewash 粉刷
(2)副词+动词
overcome 战胜
(3)名词+动词
sleepwalk 梦游
4.合成副词
(1)形容词+副词
anywhere 无论哪里
(2)副词+副词
however 无论如何
(3)介词+副词
forever 永远
(4)介词+名词
downstairs 在楼下
5.合成介词
(1)副词+名词
inside 在……里
(2)介词+副词
without 没有
(3)副词+介词
into 到……里
四、缩略法
把原词的音节加以省略或简化,从而在拼写和读音上都呈现出新的形式的构词方法叫作缩略法。缩略法最常见的一种形式就是首字母缩略。
1.首字母缩略法
Automated Teller Machine→ATM自动取款机
Very Important Person→VIP贵宾
World Trade Organization→WTO世界贸易组织
2.截头法
airplane→plane飞机
telephone→phone电话
3.去尾法
examination→exam考试
photograph→photo照片
laboratory→lab实验室
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.写出下列句中加黑词的词性及含义
1.She's willing to shoulder the burden of caring for her elderly parents._____________
2.After work, the saleswoman usually goes home to rest and spend time with her family.___________
3.He was ill for some days, and his wife nursed him kindly._____________
4.The hotel isn't clean and it needs a good clean.It is better to clean it every day.__________________________
v.承担,担负
n.女售货员
v.看护,照料
adj.干净的;n.打扫;vt.打扫
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.On a _______(storm) night, his son was missing on the way back home. The family was extremely worried and ____________(immediate) called the police for help.
stormy
immediately
2.The information you gave us was _________(correct), so we didn't find the museum and got lost on the way.
3.As is known to all, Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________.(invent)
incorrect
inventor
inventions
4.Mr. Lee said that the smiles and __________(happy) of the children gave him great courage every day.
5.She is the leader of an international ____________(organize) whose aim is to protect natural resources.
6.The red car is more ___________(comfort) but costs much more, while the white one doesn't use much gas.
happiness
organization
comfortable

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