资源简介 (共36张PPT)Period 2 Using language一、转化法(词性转换)把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的构词法叫作转化法。1.名词转化为动词cook(n.厨师→v.烹饪)name(n.名字→v.命名)picture(n.画→v.描绘)2.形容词转化为动词calm(adj.平静的→v.使平静)spare(adj.空闲的→v.抽出)own(adj.自己的→v.拥有)last(adj.最后的→v.持续)3.形容词转化为副词hard(adj.困难的→adv.努力地)well(adj.健康的→adv.很好地)二、派生法(前缀和后缀)在一个词根之前或之后加上某个词缀来生成一个新词的构词法,叫作派生法。加在词根之前的词缀为前缀,加在词根之后的词缀为后缀。(6)(人教必修一U1)The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese.学校的指导老师帮助我选择了适合我的课程:数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。(7)(人教必修一U1) Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food to homeless people in the community.每周三,我们会在食品救济站里干活,把食物分发给社区里的无家可归者。1.动词变名词后缀(1)-ydiscover→discovery发现(2)-er/-or/-ar/-eeemploy→employer雇主educate→educator教育工作者beg→beggar乞丐employ→employee雇员(3)-alarrive→arrival到达(4)其他choose→choice选择think→thought思想,思考2.形容词变名词后缀(1)-y/-ty/-itydifficult→difficulty困难safe→safety安全major→majority大多数(2)-thwarm→warmth温暖(3)-nesshappy→happiness幸福(4)-cedifferent→difference差异3.形容词变副词后缀(1)直接加-lycertain→certainly肯定地(2)以-y结尾的词,变y为i再加-lyhappy→happily高兴地(3)以-le结尾的词,去e加yterrible→terribly非常simple→simply简单地4.否定前缀(1)un-healthy→unhealthy不健康的(2)im-possible→impossible不可能的(3)dis-like→dislike不喜欢(4)mis-understand→misunderstand误解(5)in-formal→informal非正式的(6)non-smoker→non-smoker不吸烟的人5.其他意义的前缀、后缀(1)re-write→rewrite重写(2)-lessuse→useless无用的三、合成法由两个或两个以上的单词合成的词叫作合成词,这种构词法称为合成法。最常见的合成法包括合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成副词、合成介词。词与词之间有的用连字符连接,有的直接连接在一起。(6)(译林必修一U1)As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills. 作为一名高中生,你必须努力提高沟通技巧和解决问题的能力。(7)(北师大必修一U3)Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick.不知怎的,那时我不知道她病了。(8)(北师大必修一U3)Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. 纵观历史,一些原始习俗已经发生了变化,但是节日的精神——家庭的精神——在很大程度上被保留了下来。1.合成名词(1)名词+名词sportsman男运动员(2)名词+动词sunrise日出(3)名词+动词-ingsightseeing观光handwriting书法(4)动词+名词playground操场(5)动词+副词breakthrough突破(6)过去分词+副词grown-up成年人2.合成形容词(1)名词+动词-ingEnglish-speaking讲英语的peace-loving爱好和平的(2)形容词+名词+-edwarm-hearted热心的(3)数词+名词+-edthree-storeyed三层的(4)数词+名词+形容词three-year-old三岁的(5)副词+过去分词well-informed见多识广的3.合成动词(1)形容词+动词whitewash 粉刷(2)副词+动词overcome 战胜(3)名词+动词sleepwalk 梦游4.合成副词(1)形容词+副词anywhere 无论哪里(2)副词+副词however 无论如何(3)介词+副词forever 永远(4)介词+名词downstairs 在楼下5.合成介词(1)副词+名词inside 在……里(2)介词+副词without 没有(3)副词+介词into 到……里四、缩略法把原词的音节加以省略或简化,从而在拼写和读音上都呈现出新的形式的构词方法叫作缩略法。缩略法最常见的一种形式就是首字母缩略。1.首字母缩略法Automated Teller Machine→ATM自动取款机Very Important Person→VIP贵宾World Trade Organization→WTO世界贸易组织2.截头法airplane→plane飞机telephone→phone电话3.去尾法examination→exam考试photograph→photo照片laboratory→lab实验室课堂微练 即时检验Ⅰ.写出下列句中加黑词的词性及含义1.She's willing to shoulder the burden of caring for her elderly parents._____________2.After work, the saleswoman usually goes home to rest and spend time with her family.___________3.He was ill for some days, and his wife nursed him kindly._____________4.The hotel isn't clean and it needs a good clean.It is better to clean it every day.__________________________v.承担,担负n.女售货员v.看护,照料adj.干净的;n.打扫;vt.打扫Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.On a _______(storm) night, his son was missing on the way back home. The family was extremely worried and ____________(immediate) called the police for help.stormyimmediately2.The information you gave us was _________(correct), so we didn't find the museum and got lost on the way.3.As is known to all, Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________.(invent)incorrectinventorinventions4.Mr. Lee said that the smiles and __________(happy) of the children gave him great courage every day.5.She is the leader of an international ____________(organize) whose aim is to protect natural resources.6.The red car is more ___________(comfort) but costs much more, while the white one doesn't use much gas.happinessorganizationcomfortable 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览