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(共17张PPT)
Period 2 Using language
一、定语从句的基本概述
定义 在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词、代词、整个主句或主句的一部分的从句叫作定语从句，它所修饰的对象叫作先行词
分类 限制性定语从句 从句在意义上不可缺少,如果去掉,主句的意思就会不完整或失去意义,从句和主句不用逗号分开
非限制性定语从句 用来补充说明先行词,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整,从句和主句往往用逗号隔开
关系词 作用 ①连接主句和从句；
②指代先行词；
③在从句中充当句子成分
分类 关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that、as
关系副词：when、where、why
续表
二、关系代词的用法
（5）（译林必修一U3）I definitely understand how you feel. I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot.
我完全理解你的感受。我也有一个非常信任的朋友。
（6）（人教必修一U3） The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996．
他在芝加哥创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年开始就一直在帮助年轻人。
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的句法功能
who 人 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）、表语
whom 人 宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略，也可用who代替）
whose（=of whom/of which） 人或物 定语
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的句法功能
that 人或物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中可省略）、表语
which 物 主语、宾语（限制性定语从句中且其前无介词时可省略）
续表
1.宜用that不用which的情况
（1）先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰或先行词本身是形容词最高级或序数词时；
（2）先行词是不定代词时，如all、little、few、much、everything、anything、nothing、none等；
（3）先行词被all、few、any、little、no、the only、the very、the last等修饰时；
（4）当先行词既指人又指物时；
（5）当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。
2.宜用which不用that的情况
（1）引导非限制性定语从句时；
（2）在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。
3.宜用who不用that的情况
（1）先行词是指人的不定代词（如one、ones、anyone、all）或指示代词those时；
（2）在以there be结构中，先行词指人时；
（3）两个定语从句中一个用了that,另一个指人的关系代词用who；
（4）在非限制性定语从句中指人时；
（5）先行词是表示人的名词，且后面有较长的修饰语时。
课堂微练 即时检验
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
2.The number of people _________ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
3.This is the person ______________ you can depend on when you are in trouble.
4.Our school will hold an activity _______ theme is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.
that/which
that/who
who/whom/that
whose
5.This is the most exciting football game _____ I have seen so far.
6.The only thing _____ she could do was go to the police for help when she was in trouble.
7.The first attraction _____ they visited in London was the Big Ben, _______ is a famous landmark in the city.
8.Many trees line the street as well, including some pine trees __________ were first planted during the Ming Dynasty.
that
that
that
which
that/which
9.She took photographs of the things and people _____ she was interested in.
10.Anyone _____ has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.
that
who
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1.She is going to be sent to work in Xizang. She is the only one of the students.
→_________________________________________________________________________
She is the only one of the students that is going to be sent to work in Xizang.
2.I will never forget the days. We spent the days together happily in middle school.
→_________________________________________________________________________________
I will never forget the days （which/that） we spent together happily in middle school.
3.I'd like a room. Its window looks out over the sea.
→_________________________________________________
I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
4.My favourite city is Kunming. Kunming is known as the Spring City.
→_______________________________________________________________
My favourite city is Kunming that/which is known as the Spring City.
5.The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
→___________________________________________________________________________
The woman （who/whom/that） you saw in the park is our geography teacher.

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