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期末专项培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Regular exercise can increase your body's energy expenditure（能量消耗）and it is also a great way （1）　 　（improve）your productivity and mental focus throughout the day.The increased energy levels that occur as a result of exercise （2）　 　（be） also likely to lead to more active habits throughout the day，such as taking the stairs rather than the lift，or（3）　 　（walk） to speak to workmates instead（4）　 　 emailing.This increased activity will then bring physical and mental benefits.
Physical activity can help us to improve the length and the quality（质量）of our sleep，（5）　 　will in turn make further contributions to our health and wellbeing.While there is no absolute figure（绝对数值）we should aim for in terms of sleep time，most people will find that they fall somewhere between 6﹣9 hours a night.Quality is（6）　 　（certain） more important than quantity.
Regular physical activity can help us to manage life's stress much（7）　 　（well） as a distraction technique.As（8）　 　（discuss），exercise can help you achieve a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality，both of which are important in managing stress.Also，（9）　 　is thought that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system，which is very（10）　 　（help）when we are under stress.
2．The world's insects now face extinction.More than 40% of insect species are declining and a third（1）　 　 （be）at risk of extinction.The rate of extinction is eight times faster than that of mammals and birds.The total mass of insects is falling by 2.5% a year，（2）　 　 （suggest） they could disappear within a century，according to the first global scientific review.
The planet is at the start of a sixth mass extinction in its history，with huge losses already（3）　 　（report） in larger animals that are（4）　 　 （easy） to study.But insects are by far the most varied and abundant animals.They are essential for the proper functioning of all ecosystems.
The analysis says modern agriculture is the main driver of the declines，（5）　 　 （particular） the heavy use of pesticides（农药）.（6）　 　 we change our ways of producing food，insects as a whole will go down the path of extinction in a few decades.
"If insect species losses cannot be slopped，there will be disastrous consequences for both the（7）　 　（planet） ecosystems and for the survival of mankind." said Francisco Sanchcz﹣Bayo，at the University of Sydney，（8）　 　 wrote the review.
One of（9）　 　 biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds，reptiles（爬行动物）and fish that cat insects. "If this food source is taken away，all these animals will starve to（10）　 　（die），" he said.
3．Did you grow up in one culture，your parents come from another，and you are now living in a（1）　 　 （total） different country？If so，then you are a third﹣culture kid.
The term "third﹣culture kid"（2）　 　 （use）in the 1960s for the first time by Dr Ruth.She first came across this phenomenon while （3）　 　 （research）North American children living in India.In general.third﹣culture kids benefit （4）　 　 their intercultural experience and that often reach excellent academic results.
Yet many（5）　 　 （difficulty）may arise from this phenomenon Third﹣culture kids may not be able to adapt（6）　 　 （they） completely to their new surroundings.Also they often find it hard （7）　 　 （develop） new friendship.Additionally，for a third﹣culture kid，it is often（8）　 　（easy）to move to a new country than to return to his homeland.For example，after living in Australia for many years，Louis finally returned to the country（9）　 　 she was born.She didn't know anything about current TV shows（10）　 　 fashion trends.And she didn't share the same values as other teens of her age.
4．The Youth Olympic Games are the youth version of the Olympic Games.Young athletes（1）　 　（age）between 15 and 18 compete in a wide range of sports.The（2）　 　 （major）of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics but other sports，such as wushu，（3）　 　 （add） too.The Youth Olympic Games give talented teenagers a chance（4）　 　 （connect）with fellow athletes from diverse backgrounds.The focus is （5）　 　 building bridges between different cultures，so there are competitions （6）　 　 （feature）mixed teams，such as mixed swimming relays.In these competitions，both male and female athletes，sometimes of different nationalities，play side by side.
The first Youth Olympic Games （7）　 　 （hold）in Singapore in 2010，and China ranked first in the medal table with 30 gold medals.In 2014，Nanjing had（8）　 　 honour of hosting the second Summer Youth Olympic Games.This was another great success and China （9）　 　（top） the medal table again.
People across the world applaud athletes（10）　 　try hard to achieve sporting excellence.
5．Almost every day，we discuss the topic of health.（1）　 　（stay）healthy，we should eat well，work out regularly and have a healthy lifestyle.
Eat different kinds of food，（2）　 　（especial）fruit and vegetables.We all know that eating fruit and vegetables keeps us healthy，（3）　 　 many of us only eat our favorite food.Remember that we can only get （4）　 　 our body needs by eating a wide variety of food.When you are eating，notice how your body feels.When your stomach is full，stop（5）　 　（eat）.If you always eat too much，most probably you（6）　 　（become） out of shape.
Drink water and milk often.Everyone（7）　 　（know） that water is important to us.Besides water，kids also need plenty of calcium，and milk is rich in calcium.If you are 9 years old or older，you should drink（8）　 　 least three cups of milk every day.
It is also of great（9）　 　（important）to lead a healthy lifestyle.Limit the amount of time you spend watching TV and playing computer games.Spend more time doing sports，and you'll be healthy and （10）　 　（energy）.
6．The giant panda，also （1）　 　（know） as panda bear or simply panda，is a bear native（2）　 　 south central China．In the past many years，the giant panda （3）　 　（drive） out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming，deforestation and other （4）　 　（develop）．Wild population estimates vary：one estimate shows that there are about 1，590 individuals（5）　 　（live） in the wild，while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2，000 to 3，000．Some reports also show that （6）　 　 number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise．
The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11，1869， （7）　 　the French missionary（传教士） Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter．In 1936，Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago．To protect the pandas，in 2012，Earthwatch Institute，a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important （8）　 　 （science） research，launched a program called "On the Trail of Giant Panda"．This program，based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve，allows （9）　 　（volunteer） to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity （圈养），and help them （10）　 　 （gradual） adapt to life in the wild．
7．Mobile payments have made our life（1）　 　（convenient）by freeing us from the trouble of having to take our wallets out with us．But a UK supermarket has gone one step（2）　 　（far），allowing customers to pay using just（3）　 　fingertip．
Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items（4）　 　（use）the special vein（静脉）pattern in their fingertips，（5）　 　（report）The Telegraph．It's the world's first store（6）　 　（make）use of such technology．
This new method of payment（7）　 　（mean）that customers can pay for items in just three（8）　 　（second）．
Sthaler，the company behind the technology，explained that it uses infrared scanners（红外扫描仪）to read the pattern of veins in the finger．It links this to the customer's bank details，（9）　 　are kept safe by payment provider Worldpay．The firm is also responsible for millions of online shoppers' details around the globe．
The company said dozens of Brunel students are already using the technology，and it hopes to have signed up 3，000 students out of 13，000（10）　 　November．
8．The World Health Organization（WHO） has decided on Thursday that the novel coronavirus（新冠病毒）outbreak is considered as an international public health emergency， （1）　 　（set） off the global action to prevent the spread of the virus.It is the sixth time that WHO（2）　 　 （declare） such an emergency since 2005.
"The declaration is necessary because human﹣to﹣human infections have been confirmed in other countries. （3）　 　virus has now spread to several other Asian nations and reached Australia，the United States and Europe as well." WHO Director﹣General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said， "We would have（4）　 　（probable） seen many more cases and deaths outside China by now without Chinese government's efforts and the progress they have made（5）　 　 （protect） their own people and the people of the world."
"The speed with which China reacted to the outbreak and isolated the virus is very（6）　 　（impress） and beyond words.The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to control the outbreak，despite the terrible social and economic influence those measures are having（7）　 　 the Chinese people.In many ways，China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak（8）　 　（respond），and this is not an exaggeration（夸 ）." he added.WHO will offer member states a series of suggestions（9）　 　are aimed at controlling the spread of the disease and providing support to（10）　 　（affect） areas.
9．A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together （1）　 　（record） and collect digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves， which were a key stop（2）　 　 the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history． Nearly 500，000 high quality digital photographs（3）　 　（produce） since the international project started in 1994．
The Mogao Caves（4）　 　（study） in many countries have long been a meeting point for different cultures． Today the caves are just as international as they were at the time（5）　 　people travelled the Silk Road． Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves， and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has reproduced a copy of the caves and（6）　 　（paint） for people to admire in America．
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet， the group hopes to promote even（7）　 　（wide） interest around the world in China's ancient history， culture， and traditions．（8）　 　one researcher who is working on the project explains， "（9）　 　（appreciate） one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself． Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries（10）　 　 （do） good to international communication and understanding．"
10．My feelings about science have（1）　 　 （real） changed．I never used to enjoy science， （2）　 　 last year I changed schools，and the science teachers at（3）　 　 （I） new school are excellent．The science facilities are very good，with laboratories that have all the latest （4）　 　（equip）．Our chemistry teacher，Mr．Longford，is kind enough （5）　 　 （take） us to public science lectures about four times a term．And these are always very （6）　 　 （interest）．It is because the lecturers are people （7）　 　 have made real discoveries （8）　 　 their area of science．The fact is，Canada has many first class scientists．In the last twenty years，seven Canadian scientists （9）　 　 （win） the Noble Prize．The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific prize，so we should be very （10）　 　 （pride） of that．
11． A 90﹣year﹣old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for （1）　 　 （be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working 40 hours a week．Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，（2）　 　 she opened with her late husband Les．Her years of hard work have（3）　 　（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year．
Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene（4）　 　（declare） she had no plans（5）　 　 （retire） from her 36﹣year﹣old business．Irene said，"I don't see any reason to give up work．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I（6）　 　（make） over the years．I work not because I have to，（7）　 　because I want to．"
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31﹣who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award．She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward．When we got a call（8）　 　（say）she was short﹣listed，we thought it was（9）　 　joke．But then we got an official letter and we were blown away．We are so proud of her．It's（10）　 　（wonder）．"
12．The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland．While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence（1）　 　 they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada．It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been（2）　 　（poor） studied；however，biologists calculate that there are about 20，000﹣25，000 polar bears worldwide．
Modern methods（3）　 　tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid﹣1980s，and are expensive（4）　 　（perform） consistently over a large area．In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut（5）　 　（report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a（6）　 　（believe） that populations are increasing．Scientists have responded by （7）　 　（note） that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements，leading to the illusion（错觉） that populations are（8）　 　（high） than they actually are．Of（9）　 　nineteen recognized polar bear sub populations，three are declining，six（10）　 　（be） stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data．
13．On Sunday，a bus in Chongqing fell into the Yangtze River， （1）　 　left 15 people dead．The accident （2）　 　（cause） by a fight between an angry passenger and the bus driver．
A woman passenger failed（3）　 　 （get） off at the right bus stop．She asked the driver to stop the bus and let her get off，but the driver refused．A quarrel then occurred，with both sides using unkind （4）　 　 （word）．Five minutes later，she struck the driver on the head with her smartphone，and the driver fought back with his right hand．Within two seconds，the driver took back his hand．However，he （5）　 　（lose） control of the bus before he realized it．The bus hit a red car，and fell into the river．
（6）　 　is very basic common sense that the lives and safety of the whole bus depend upon the driver，but the woman attacked the driver because of her own fault．On （7）　 　 other hand，the driver didn't stay calm．As a driver （8）　 　（responsibility） for the whole bus，he should have stopped the bus by the roadside to ensure safety while under attack．It was（9）　 　（extreme） reckless（鲁莽的） to fight back．
I wonder why none of the passengers took action to stop the fight． （10）　 　 any one of the passengers had stepped forward bravely，the tragedy might have been prevented．
14．I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled"A Real Test in My Life"before the whole class at the age of 9!You can imagine how（1）　 　 （terrible） shy I was with so many eyes （2）　 　 （fix） upon me．I had no（3）　 　 （choose） but to prepare for it，though．First of all，I was to draft the speech，which was just a piece of cake for me，a good writer．But the hardest part（4）　 　（lie） in my oral presentation from my memory﹣for to read from the paper was not allowed．The real moment began （5）　 　 I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank．But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me．Otherwise，I（6）　 　 （run） away from them．Gradually I found myself back，delivering my speech with difficulty．After what seemed to be a hundred years，I found my audience applauding﹣I made （7）　 　!From then on，my fear of talking before an audience disappeared．Actually with my confidence building up，I now turn out（8）　 　 （be） a great speaker．Looking back，I know the greatest difficulty on our way （9）　 　 success is our fear．Overcome it （10）　 　 we will be able to achieve our goals．
15．I have even wondered if money buys happiness．It seems that money will allow me to buy the things（1）　 　make me happy．But one day I sat down and made a list of the things I wanted （2）　 　（do） in my life．I realized I'd never put much thought into it．I'd written down these things﹣like taking a photo on the mountain and staying at a hotel in Dubai，but I didn't really plan to do it，（3）　 　（simple） because I didn't have the time．
My life consisted （4）　 　 heading to the office，running on the road，working some more …It didn't matter if my salary doubled；the life would stay （5）　 　same．Sure I'd probably drive a（6）　 　 （nice） car，move into a bigger place，and have a bigger TV than my friends，but that wasn't helping me realize any of my goals..Six months after（7）　 　（create） that list，my belief has changed．I'd keep working on my list，for （8）　 　（experience） were much more important than any of the material items．It's not hard to create opportunity for（9）　 　（you）．All it（10）　 　（take） is a little creative thinking．
期末专项培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Regular exercise can increase your body's energy expenditure（能量消耗）and it is also a great way （1）　to improve　（improve）your productivity and mental focus throughout the day.The increased energy levels that occur as a result of exercise （2）　are　（be） also likely to lead to more active habits throughout the day，such as taking the stairs rather than the lift，or（3）　walking　（walk） to speak to workmates instead（4）　of　 emailing.This increased activity will then bring physical and mental benefits.
Physical activity can help us to improve the length and the quality（质量）of our sleep，（5）　which　will in turn make further contributions to our health and wellbeing.While there is no absolute figure（绝对数值）we should aim for in terms of sleep time，most people will find that they fall somewhere between 6﹣9 hours a night.Quality is（6）　certainly　（certain） more important than quantity.
Regular physical activity can help us to manage life's stress much（7）　better　（well） as a distraction technique.As（8）　discussed　（discuss），exercise can help you achieve a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality，both of which are important in managing stress.Also，（9）　it　is thought that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system，which is very（10）　helpful　（help）when we are under stress.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）to improve（2）are（3）walking（4）of（5）which（6）certainly（7）better（8）discussed（9）it（10）helpful
【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述了经常锻炼可以增加你身体的能量消耗，也是提高你一天工作效率和精神集中度的好方法。
【解答】（1）to improve.考查动词不定式。句意：经常锻炼可以增加你身体的能量消耗，也是提高你一天工作效率和精神集中度的好方法。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰名词way，故填to improve。
（2）are.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：由于锻炼而增加的能量水平也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如爬楼梯而不是坐电梯，或者走路与同事交谈而不是发电子邮件。此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语The increased energy levels为复数形式，故填are。
（3）walking.考查动名词。句意：由于锻炼而增加的能量水平也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如爬楼梯而不是坐电梯，或者走路与同事交谈而不是发电子邮件。此处用动名词与taking作such as的宾语，故填walking。
（4）of.考查介词。句意：由于锻炼而增加的能量水平也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如爬楼梯而不是坐电梯，或者走路与同事交谈而不是发电子邮件。instead of表示"而不是"，故填of。
（5）which.考查定语从句。句意：体力活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这反过来又会对我们的健康和幸福做出进一步的贡献。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一件事，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（6）certainly.考查副词。句意：质量当然比数量更重要。此处用副词作状语修饰is，故填certainly。
（7）better.考查比较级。句意：作为一种分散注意力的技巧，定期的体育活动可以帮助我们更好地管理生活压力。结合句意和much可知，此处用比较级，故填better。
（8）discussed.考查省略句。句意：如前所述，锻炼可以帮助你获得更积极的前景，并改善睡眠质量，这两个方面在管理压力方面都很重要。结合句意可知，此处为as从句的省略，省略了it与be动词，it与discuss之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填discussed。
（9）it.考查形式主语。句意：此外，人们认为锻炼有助于提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力下时非常有用。此处用it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，故填it。
（10）helpful.考查形容词。句意：此外，人们认为锻炼有助于提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力下时非常有用。此处用形容词作is的表语，表示"有用的"，故填helpful。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
2．The world's insects now face extinction.More than 40% of insect species are declining and a third（1）　are　 （be）at risk of extinction.The rate of extinction is eight times faster than that of mammals and birds.The total mass of insects is falling by 2.5% a year，（2）　suggesting　 （suggest） they could disappear within a century，according to the first global scientific review.
The planet is at the start of a sixth mass extinction in its history，with huge losses already（3）　reported　（report） in larger animals that are（4）　easier　 （easy） to study.But insects are by far the most varied and abundant animals.They are essential for the proper functioning of all ecosystems.
The analysis says modern agriculture is the main driver of the declines，（5）　particularly　 （particular） the heavy use of pesticides（农药）.（6）　Unless　 we change our ways of producing food，insects as a whole will go down the path of extinction in a few decades.
"If insect species losses cannot be slopped，there will be disastrous consequences for both the（7）　planet's　（planet） ecosystems and for the survival of mankind." said Francisco Sanchcz﹣Bayo，at the University of Sydney，（8）　who　 wrote the review.
One of（9）　the　 biggest impacts of insect loss is on the many birds，reptiles（爬行动物）and fish that cat insects. "If this food source is taken away，all these animals will starve to（10）　death　（die），" he said.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）are（2）suggesting（3）reported（4）easier（5）particularly（6）Unless（7）planet's（8）who（9）the（10）death
【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述了超过40%的昆虫种类正在减少，三分之一有灭绝的危险。
【解答】（1）are.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：超过40%的昆虫种类正在减少，三分之一有灭绝的危险。结合句意可知，此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为a third of insect species，谓语动词用复数形式，故填are。
（2）suggesting.考查现在分词。句意：根据第一次全球科学评论，昆虫的总质量每年下降2.5%，表明它们可能在一个世纪内消失。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，前面一件事与suggest之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填suggesting。
（3）reported.考查过去分词。句意：地球正处于其历史上第六次大灭绝的开始，据报道，更容易研究的大型动物已经出现了巨大的灭绝。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，宾语huge losses与report之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填reported。
（4）easier.考查比较级。句意：地球正处于其历史上第六次大灭绝的开始，据报道，更容易研究的大型动物已经出现了巨大的灭绝。结合句意可知，此处表示"更容易"，故用比较级，故填easier。
（5）particularly.考查副词。句意：该分析称，现代农业是这种下降的主要驱动力，尤其是杀虫剂的大量使用。分析句子可知，此处用副词作状语修饰句子，故填particularly。
（6）Unless.考查条件状语从句。句意：除非我们改变生产食物的方式，否则昆虫作为一个整体将在几十年内走向灭绝。unless表示"除非"，引导条件状语从句，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填Unless。
（7）planet's.考查名词所有格。句意：如果昆虫物种的损失不能得到缓解，将对地球的生态系统和人类的生存造成灾难性的后果。分析句子可知，此处用名词所有格作定语修饰名词ecosystems，故填planet's。
（8）who.考查定语从句。句意：悉尼大学的Francisco Sanchcz Bayo说，他写了这篇评论。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Francisco Sanchcz﹣Bayo，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（9）the.考查冠词。句意：昆虫损失的最大影响之一是对许多鸟类、爬行动物和鱼类造成的影响。此处用定冠词修饰最高级biggest，故填the。
（10）death.考查不可数名词。句意：如果食物来源被拿走，所有这些动物都会饿死。starve to death表示"饿死"符合句意，故填death。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
3．Did you grow up in one culture，your parents come from another，and you are now living in a（1）　totally　 （total） different country？If so，then you are a third﹣culture kid.
The term "third﹣culture kid"（2）　was used　 （use）in the 1960s for the first time by Dr Ruth.She first came across this phenomenon while （3）　researching　 （research）North American children living in India.In general.third﹣culture kids benefit （4）　from　 their intercultural experience and that often reach excellent academic results.
Yet many（5）　difficulties　 （difficulty）may arise from this phenomenon Third﹣culture kids may not be able to adapt（6）　themselves　 （they） completely to their new surroundings.Also they often find it hard （7）　to develop　 （develop） new friendship.Additionally，for a third﹣culture kid，it is often（8）　easier　（easy）to move to a new country than to return to his homeland.For example，after living in Australia for many years，Louis finally returned to the country（9）　where　 she was born.She didn't know anything about current TV shows（10）　or　 fashion trends.And she didn't share the same values as other teens of her age.
【考点】传统习俗与文化．
【答案】（1）totally；（2）was used；（3）researching；（4）from；（5）difficulties；（6）themselves；（7）to develop；（8）easier；（9）where；（10）or
【分析】这是一篇说明文。"第三文化孩子"这个词在20世纪60年代首次被露丝博士使用，本文介绍第三文化的孩子从他们的跨文化经历中活动的好处和坏处。
【解答】（1）totally.考查副词。句意：你是在一种文化中长大的，你的父母来自另一种文化，而你现在生活在一个完全不同的国家吗？修饰形容词different，用total的副词，故填totally。
（2）was used.考查动词时态语态。句意："第三文化孩子"这个词在20世纪60年代首次被露丝博士使用。主语The term "third﹣culture kid"和谓语动词use构成被动关系，根据时间状语in the 1960s，可知用一般过去时态，主语为单数名词，故填was used。
（3）researchingg.考查现在分词。句意：她第一次发现这种现象是在研究生活在印度的北美儿童时。research和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填researching。
（4）from.考查介词。句意：总的来说，第三文化的孩子从他们的跨文化经历中受益，他们经常取得优异的学习成绩。表示"从…获益"，用固定短语benefit from，故填from。
（5）difficulties.考查可数名词的复数。句意：然而，这种现象可能会引起许多困难。根据many，可知用difficulty的复数，故填difficulties。
（6）themselves.考查反身代词。句意：第三种文化的孩子可能无法完全适应新环境。表示"适应"，用固定短语adapt oneself to，故填themselves。
（7）to develop.考查动词不定式。句意：而且，他们经常发现很难发展新的友谊。作they often find的宾语，由it作形式宾语，用动词不定式，故填to develop。
（8）easier.考查比较级。句意：另外，对于第三文化的孩子来说，搬到一个新的国家往往比回到祖国容易。根据than to return to his homeland，可知用easy的比较级，故填easier。
（9）where.考查定语从句。句意：例如，在澳大利亚生活多年后，路易斯终于回到了她出生的国家。修饰先行词the country，作定语从句she was born的地点状语，关系词用where。
（10）or.考查连词。句意：她对当前的电视节目或时尚趋势一无所知。根据句意可知current TV shows和fashion trends是选择关系，故填or。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4．The Youth Olympic Games are the youth version of the Olympic Games.Young athletes（1）　aged　（age）between 15 and 18 compete in a wide range of sports.The（2）　majority　 （major）of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics but other sports，such as wushu，（3）　have been added　 （add） too.The Youth Olympic Games give talented teenagers a chance（4）　to connect　 （connect）with fellow athletes from diverse backgrounds.The focus is （5）　on　 building bridges between different cultures，so there are competitions （6）　featuring　 （feature）mixed teams，such as mixed swimming relays.In these competitions，both male and female athletes，sometimes of different nationalities，play side by side.
The first Youth Olympic Games （7）　were held　 （hold）in Singapore in 2010，and China ranked first in the medal table with 30 gold medals.In 2014，Nanjing had（8）　the　 honour of hosting the second Summer Youth Olympic Games.This was another great success and China （9）　topped　（top） the medal table again.
People across the world applaud athletes（10）　who/that　try hard to achieve sporting excellence.
【考点】体育．
【答案】（1）aged（2）majority（3）have been added（4）to connect（5）on（6）featuring（7）were held（8）the （9）topped（10）who/that
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了青少年奥林匹克运动会的比赛项目、运动员组成和中国运动员所取得的成就等信息。
【解答】（1）aged.考查形容词。句意：年龄在15到18岁之间的年轻运动员参加各种各样的运动项目。根据句意可知，"（age） between 15 and 18"是后置定语，修饰名词athletes，形容词aged意为"……岁"，只作后置定语。故填aged。
（2）majority.考查名词。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。结合句意和空格前定冠词The可知，应填入名词majority作主语，且the majority of为固定短语，意为"……的大多数"。故填majority。
（3）have been added.考查动词时态及语态。句意：这些项目大部分与奥运会项目相同，但其他项目，如武术，也被添加进来。分析句子可知，提示词add是分句中谓语动词，结合句意，描述既定的事实对现在的影响，用现在完成时，add与主语other sports之间是被动关系，且主语是复数名词。综上，谓语动词用现在完成时被动语态，复数形式。故填have been added。
（4）to connect.考查动词不定式。句意：青年奥林匹克运动会为有才华的青少年提供了一个与来自不同背景的运动员联系的机会。分析句子可知，connect是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词chance，且a chance to do...为固定搭配，意为"一个做……的机会"。故填to connect。
（5）on.考查介词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。根据句意"重点在……之上"可知，应用介词on，其意为"在……之上"，且focus也常和介词on搭配。故填on。
（6）featuring.考查现在分词。句意：比赛的重点是在不同文化之间搭建桥梁，所以有一些比赛以混合代表队为特色，如混合游泳接力赛。分析句子可知，feature（以……为特色）作后置定语修饰名词competitions，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语competitions之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词，表示主动。故填featuring。
（7）were held.考查动词时态及语态。句意：2010年，首届青年奥林匹克运动会在新加坡举行，中国以30枚金牌名列奖牌榜第一。分析句子可知，hold（举行）是句中谓语动词，与主语The first Youth Olympic Games之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语in 2010，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语The first Youth Olympic Games是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were held。
（8）the .考查冠词。句意：2014年，南京有幸举办了第二届夏季青奥会。have the honour of doing是固定搭配，意为"有幸做……"。故填the。
（9）topped.考查动词时态。句意：这是又一次巨大的成功，中国再次荣登奖牌榜榜首。分析句子可知，top（居……之首）是分句中谓语动词，与主语China之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填topped。
（10）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：世界各地的人们为那些努力取得体育成就的运动员喝彩。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词athletes，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
5．Almost every day，we discuss the topic of health.（1）　To stay　（stay）healthy，we should eat well，work out regularly and have a healthy lifestyle.
Eat different kinds of food，（2）　especially　（especial）fruit and vegetables.We all know that eating fruit and vegetables keeps us healthy，（3）　but　 many of us only eat our favorite food.Remember that we can only get （4）　what　 our body needs by eating a wide variety of food.When you are eating，notice how your body feels.When your stomach is full，stop（5）　eating　（eat）.If you always eat too much，most probably you（6）　will become　（become） out of shape.
Drink water and milk often.Everyone（7）　knows　（know） that water is important to us.Besides water，kids also need plenty of calcium，and milk is rich in calcium.If you are 9 years old or older，you should drink（8）　at　 least three cups of milk every day.
It is also of great（9）　importance　（important）to lead a healthy lifestyle.Limit the amount of time you spend watching TV and playing computer games.Spend more time doing sports，and you'll be healthy and （10）　energetic　（energy）.
【考点】健康；日常生活．
【答案】（1）To stay（2）especially（3）but（4）what（5）eating（6）will become（7）knows（8）at（9）importance（10）energetic
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何能有一个健康的生活方式。
【解答】（1）To stay.考查不定式。句意：为了保持健康，我们应该吃得好，经常锻炼，有一个健康的生活方式。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词should eat，设空处需填动词不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To stay。
（2）especially.考查副词。句意：吃不同种类的食物，尤其是水果和蔬菜。分析句子结构，设空处需填副词作状语。故填especially。
（3）but.考查连词。句意：我们都知道吃水果和蔬菜能让我们保持健康，但我们很多人只吃自己喜欢的食物。上下文之间形成转折关系，需用but连接。故填but。
（4）what.考查宾语从句。句意：记住，我们只能通过吃各种各样的食物来获得我们身体需要的东西。分析句子结构，get为谓语动词，设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
（5）eating.考查动名词。句意：当你吃饱了，就停止进食。分析句子结构，stop doing sth.为固定用法，意为"停止做某事"，设空处需填动名词作宾语。故填eating。
（6）will become.考查时态。句意：如果你总是吃得太多，很有可能你会不健康。分析句子结构，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时，主句需要用一般将来时。故填will become。
（7）knows.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每个人都知道水对我们很重要。分析句子结构，主句缺少谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为everyone，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填knows。
（8）at.考查介词。句意：如果你是9岁或以上，你应该每天至少喝三杯牛奶。at least为固定短语，意为"至少"。故填at。
（9）importance.考查名词。句意：过一种健康的生活方式也很重要。分析句子结构，"be+of+n."为固定结构，great为形容词，作定语修饰名词，设空处需填名词。故填importance。
（10）energetic.考查形容词。句意：多花点时间做运动，你就会身体健康，精力充沛。分析句子结构，be为系动词，设空处和healthy并列，需填形容词作表语。energy的形容词形式是energetic。故填energetic。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
6．The giant panda，also （1）　known　（know） as panda bear or simply panda，is a bear native（2）　to　 south central China．In the past many years，the giant panda （3）　has been driven　（drive） out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming，deforestation and other （4）　development　（develop）．Wild population estimates vary：one estimate shows that there are about 1，590 individuals（5）　living　（live） in the wild，while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2，000 to 3，000．Some reports also show that （6）　the　 number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise．
The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11，1869， （7）　when　the French missionary（传教士） Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter．In 1936，Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago．To protect the pandas，in 2012，Earthwatch Institute，a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important （8）　scientific　 （science） research，launched a program called "On the Trail of Giant Panda"．This program，based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve，allows （9）　volunteers　（volunteer） to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity （圈养），and help them （10）　gradually　 （gradual） adapt to life in the wild．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文介绍了大熊猫，它的产地，它的现状，以及它对西方的影响．
【解答】1．known．考查固定搭配．根据搭配be known as被称之为，可知用known作后置定语，故填known．
2．to．考查固定搭配．be native to原产于，故填to．
3．has been driven．考查时态语态．In the past many years和现在完成时态连用，drive和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为单数名词，故填has been driven．
4．development．考查名词．和farming，deforestation 一起做宾语，所以用名词development，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，无复数，故填development．
5．living．考查现在分词．live和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填living．
6．the．考查固定搭配．根据后面的is可知此处是指"…的数量"，所以用"the number of…的数量"； ，故填the．
7．when．考查定语从句．先行词为时间名词，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填when引导．
8．scientific．考查形容词．作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填scientific．
9．volunteers．考查名词单复数．此处volunteer是可数名词，意为志愿者，结合语境可知这里要用复数形式．
故填 volunteers．
10．gradually．考查副词．修饰动词，所以用副词，故填gradually．
【点评】考查语法填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
7．Mobile payments have made our life（1）　more convenient　（convenient）by freeing us from the trouble of having to take our wallets out with us．But a UK supermarket has gone one step（2）　further　（far），allowing customers to pay using just（3）　a　fingertip．
Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items（4）　using　（use）the special vein（静脉）pattern in their fingertips，（5）　reported　（report）The Telegraph．It's the world's first store（6）　to make　（make）use of such technology．
This new method of payment（7）　means　（mean）that customers can pay for items in just three（8）　seconds　（second）．
Sthaler，the company behind the technology，explained that it uses infrared scanners（红外扫描仪）to read the pattern of veins in the finger．It links this to the customer's bank details，（9）　which　are kept safe by payment provider Worldpay．The firm is also responsible for millions of online shoppers' details around the globe．
The company said dozens of Brunel students are already using the technology，and it hopes to have signed up 3，000 students out of 13，000（10）　by　November．
【考点】日常生活．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述移动支付使我们的生活更加方便和愉快，它使我们摆脱了随身携带钱包的麻烦．但是，一家超市又向前迈出了一步，让顾客只需一个手指就可以立即付款．
【解答】1．more convenient．考查比较级，使我们的生活更方便，故填more convenient．
2．further．考查比较级，又迈出了一步，表示比较，故填further．
3．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，一个手指尖，故填a．
4．using．考查非谓语，Shoppers与use是主动关系，使用现在分词做状语，故填using．
5．reported．考查非谓语，该句是完全倒装，正常语序是：The Telegraph reported，新闻体的常用形式，故填reported．
6．to make．考查不定式，it做形式主语，真正的主语是to do不定式，故填to make．
7．means．考查动词，主语是单数名词，结合上下文使用一般现在时，故填means．
8．seconds．考查名词，三秒钟，根据three可知使用名词复数，故填seconds．
9．which．考查连词，先行词是details，在定语从句中做主语，引导非限定性定语从句，故填which．
10．by．考查介词，by：截止，截止到11月份，故填by．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
8．The World Health Organization（WHO） has decided on Thursday that the novel coronavirus（新冠病毒）outbreak is considered as an international public health emergency， （1）　setting　（set） off the global action to prevent the spread of the virus.It is the sixth time that WHO（2）　has declared　 （declare） such an emergency since 2005.
"The declaration is necessary because human﹣to﹣human infections have been confirmed in other countries. （3）　The　virus has now spread to several other Asian nations and reached Australia，the United States and Europe as well." WHO Director﹣General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said， "We would have（4）　probably　（probable） seen many more cases and deaths outside China by now without Chinese government's efforts and the progress they have made（5）　to protect　 （protect） their own people and the people of the world."
"The speed with which China reacted to the outbreak and isolated the virus is very（6）　impressive　（impress） and beyond words.The Chinese government is to be congratulated for the extraordinary measures it has taken to control the outbreak，despite the terrible social and economic influence those measures are having（7）　on　 the Chinese people.In many ways，China is actually setting a new standard for outbreak（8）　response/responding　（respond），and this is not an exaggeration（夸 ）." he added.WHO will offer member states a series of suggestions（9）　that/which　are aimed at controlling the spread of the disease and providing support to（10）　affected　（affect） areas.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）setting（2）has declared（3）The（4）probably（5）to protect（6）impressive（7）on（8）response/responding（9）that/which（10）affected
【分析】文章讲述了世界卫生组织周四决定，新型冠状病毒疫情被视为国际公共卫生紧急事件。
【解答】（1）setting.考查现在分词。句意：世界卫生组织（WHO）已经决定，新的冠状病毒爆发被认为是一个国际公共卫生紧急事件，从而启动了防止病毒传播的全球行动。指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果主语，故填setting.
（2）has declared.考查时态。句意：这是世卫组织自2005年以来第六次宣布此类紧急情况。since和现在完成时态连用，故填has declared.
（3）The.考查冠词。句意：目前该病毒已在其他几个亚洲国家被发现，并已传播到澳大利亚、美国和欧洲。特指前面提到的virus，所以用定冠词，故填The.
（4）probably.考查副词。句意：如果没有中国政府的努力和他们在保护自己国家方面取得的进展，我们可能会在中国以外看到更多的病例和死亡。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填probably.
（5）to protect.考查不定式。句意：如果没有中国政府的努力和他们在保护自己国家方面取得的进展，我们可能会在中国以外看到更多的病例和死亡。不定式作目的状语，故填to protect.
（6）impressive.考查形容词。句意：中国对疫情的反应和分离病毒的速度令人印象深刻，难以用语言形容。作表语，所以用形容词，故填impressive.
（7）on.考查介词。句意：中国政府为控制疫情采取了非常措施，值得祝贺，尽管这些措施对整个社会产生了负面的经济影响。have influence on对……有影响，故填on.
（8）response/responding.考查名词、动名词。句意：在很多方面，中国实际上是在为应对病毒爆发制定新的标准，这一点并不夸张。作介词的宾语，所以用名词或动名词，故填response/responding.
（9）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：世卫组织将向会员国提出一系列建议，旨在控制该疾病的传播并向受影响地区提供支持。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which.
（10）affected.考查过去分词。句意：世卫组织将向会员国提出一系列建议，旨在控制该疾病的传播并向受影响地区提供支持。表示"被感染的"，所以用过去分词作定语，故填affected.
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
9．A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together （1）　to record　（record） and collect digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves， which were a key stop（2）　along　 the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history． Nearly 500，000 high quality digital photographs（3）　have been produced　（produce） since the international project started in 1994．
The Mogao Caves（4）　studied　（study） in many countries have long been a meeting point for different cultures． Today the caves are just as international as they were at the time（5）　when　people travelled the Silk Road． Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves， and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has reproduced a copy of the caves and（6）　paintings　（paint） for people to admire in America．
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet， the group hopes to promote even（7）　wider　（wide） interest around the world in China's ancient history， culture， and traditions．（8）　As　one researcher who is working on the project explains， "（9）　Appreciating　（appreciate） one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself． Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries（10）　does　 （do） good to international communication and understanding．"
【考点】自然科学研究成果；传统习俗与文化；政治．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】一批来自中国和其他国家的研究人员和科学家正在共同努力记录和收集莫高窟的文物数字图象，通过在互联网上分享如此多的数码照片，该组织希望在全世界范围内提高人们对中国古代历史、文化和传统的更广泛的兴趣．
【解答】（1）to record．考查动词不定式．做目的状语，用动词不定式to record．
（2）along．考查介词．修饰名词 the Silk Road，表示"沿着"，用介词along．
（3）have been produced．考查谓语动词．根据时间状语 since the international project started in 1994．可知谓语动词用现在完成时态，又因为和主语Nearly 500，000 high quality digital photographs是被动关系，所以谓语动词用have been produced．
（4）studied．考查非谓语动词．做后置定语，和名词 The Mogao Caves构成被动关系，用过去分词studied．
（5）when．考查定语从句．修饰先行词the time，做定语从句people travelled the Silk Road的时间状语，用关系词when．
（6）paintings．考查名词．和 caves 一致，用名词复数paintings．
（7）wider．考查比较级．根据even，可知用比较级wider．
（8）As．考查定语从句．引导非限制性定语从句one researcher who is working on the project explains， "代指主句，表示"正如"，用As．
（9）Appreciating．考查动名词．做主语，用动名词Appreciating．
（10）does．考查谓语动词．这是直接引语，用一般现在时态，因为主语是动名词Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数does．
【点评】对于语法填空这类题，一是懂得分析句子结构，二是知道充当各个句子成分的词类或词性，从语法上确定答案，当然，对于某些固定搭配也要牢记，在平时的学习中要多积累这些词汇或短语，对于句子使用的时态语态也要通过语境进行确定．
10．My feelings about science have（1）　really　 （real） changed．I never used to enjoy science， （2）　but　 last year I changed schools，and the science teachers at（3）　my　 （I） new school are excellent．The science facilities are very good，with laboratories that have all the latest （4）　equipment　（equip）．Our chemistry teacher，Mr．Longford，is kind enough （5）　to take　 （take） us to public science lectures about four times a term．And these are always very （6）　interesting　 （interest）．It is because the lecturers are people （7）　that/who　 have made real discoveries （8）　in　 their area of science．The fact is，Canada has many first class scientists．In the last twenty years，seven Canadian scientists （9）　won　 （win） the Noble Prize．The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific prize，so we should be very （10）　proud　 （pride） of that．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】在我转学后，我开始对理科产生了浓厚的兴趣．因为这个学校的科学实验设施非常好，实验室也都配备了最新的设备．加拿大有许多一流的科学家，在过去二十年里，有七位科学家获得了诺贝尔科学奖．
【解答】1．really．考查副词．此处用副词修饰动词have changed．
2．but．考查连词．结合语境可知此处表示"我以前从不喜欢科学，但去年我换了学校…"，因此要用but．
3．my．考查代词．此处表示"我新学校的理科老师都很优秀"，因此用形容词性物主代词my．
4．equipment．考查名词．此处表示"最新的设备"，因此用equip的名词equipment．
5．to take．考查不定式．句意：我们的化学老师朗福德先生很好，每学期带我们去听四次公共科学讲座，be+adj．+enough to do sth．意为"足够…去做某事"．
6．interesting．考查形容词．此处表示"这些总是很有趣"，因此用形容词interesting．
7．that who．考查定语从句引导词．通过分析可知这里是一个定语从句，先行词是people，且从句缺少主语，因此用that/who来引导．
8．in．考查介词．此处表示"在他们的科学领域"，因此个介词in．
9．won．考查动词时态．根据句中时间状语in the last twenty years要与现在完成时态连用，win的过去分词是won．
10．proud．考查形容词．句意：诺贝尔奖是最高的科学奖，所以我们应该为此感到骄傲，be proud of意为"对…感到骄傲"．
【点评】考查语法填空．语法填空主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
11． A 90﹣year﹣old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for （1）　being　 （be）Britain's oldest full﹣time employee﹣still working 40 hours a week．Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，（2）　which　 she opened with her late husband Les．Her years of hard work have（3）　finally　（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year．
Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene（4）　declared　（declare） she had no plans（5）　to retire　 （retire） from her 36﹣year﹣old business．Irene said，"I don't see any reason to give up work．I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I（6）　have made　（make） over the years．I work not because I have to，（7）　but　because I want to．"
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31﹣who works alongside her in the family business﹣said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award．She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward．When we got a call（8）　saying　（say）she was short﹣listed，we thought it was（9）　a　joke．But then we got an official letter and we were blown away．We are so proud of her．It's（10）　wonderful　（wonder）．"
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了90岁的艾琳 阿斯特伯里（Irene Astbury）被授予"年度最佳女性"称号，因为她是英国最年长的全职员工，每周工作40小时．
【解答】1．being．考查动名词．根据句子结构分析，前面介词for，后面接动名词形式，故填being．
2．which．考查定语从句．根据句子结构分析，此句为定语从句，先行词pet shop在从句作宾语，用关系代词which引导，故填which．
3．finally．考查副词．根据句子结构分析，此处修饰句子用副词形式，finally最终地，符合题意，故填finally．
4．declared．考查动词．根据句意可知，此处表达"宣布"，时态为过去时态，故填declared．
5．to retire．考查不定式．根据句子结构分析，此处用不定式短语表达目的，作状语，故填 to retire．
6．have made．考查现在完成时．根据时间状语over the years，可知此处用现完成时态，故填have made．
7．but．考查连词．根据句意分析，我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作．此处表达"转折"含义，故填but．
8．saying．考查现在分词．根据句子结构分析，此处用现在分词表主动关系，作call的后置短语，故填saying．
9．a．考查冠词．根据句意可知，此处表达"一个笑话"，joke是可数名词，故填a．
10．wonderful．考查形容词．根据句意可知，此处构成系表结构，用形容词修饰，故填wonderful．
【点评】读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
12．The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland．While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence（1）　that　 they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada．It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been（2）　poorly　（poor） studied；however，biologists calculate that there are about 20，000﹣25，000 polar bears worldwide．
Modern methods（3）　of/for　tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid﹣1980s，and are expensive（4）　to perform　（perform） consistently over a large area．In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut（5）　have reported　（report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a（6）　belief　（believe） that populations are increasing．Scientists have responded by （7）　noting　（note） that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements，leading to the illusion（错觉） that populations are（8）　higher　（high） than they actually are．Of（9）　the　nineteen recognized polar bear sub populations，three are declining，six（10）　are　（be） stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data．
【考点】说明文．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】从20世纪80年代中期开始，人们才开始使用现代的方法保护北极熊种群，生物学家计算出全世界大约有20000﹣25000只北极熊．北极熊的数量正在下降．
【解答】1．that．考查同位语从句．本句是同位语从句，后文句子是对名词evidence的解释和说明，从句中不缺少句子成分，所以用that引导．故填that．
2．poorly．考查副词．此处用副词修饰动词study，poorly是副词"贫乏地"，所以填poorly．
3．of/for．考查介词．追踪北极熊的方法，应该用methods of 或者for表达，所以填of或者for．
4．to perform．考查不定式．be +形容词+动词不定式是英语的固定句型，其中动词不定式做主语补足语．所以填to perform．
5．have reported．考查时态．根据时间状语 In recent years 在近几年来，可见与现在完成时连用，故填have reported
6．belief．考查名词．此处是用名词做宾语，根据句意：使人相信北极熊的数目在增加．belief是名词"相信"，所以填belief．
7．noting．考查非谓语．介词by后跟动名词，note是动词，所以填noting．
8．higher．考查比较级．根据比较级的句型than的前边必须用形容词的比较级，所以填higher．
9．the．考查定冠词．此处为特指，"19个已知的北极熊亚种群"，所以填the．
10．are．考查主谓一致．six做主语是指六个熊群，所以谓语动词用复数形式，故填are．
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力．解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．
13．On Sunday，a bus in Chongqing fell into the Yangtze River， （1）　which　left 15 people dead．The accident （2）　was caused　（cause） by a fight between an angry passenger and the bus driver．
A woman passenger failed（3）　to get　 （get） off at the right bus stop．She asked the driver to stop the bus and let her get off，but the driver refused．A quarrel then occurred，with both sides using unkind （4）　words　 （word）．Five minutes later，she struck the driver on the head with her smartphone，and the driver fought back with his right hand．Within two seconds，the driver took back his hand．However，he （5）　had lost　（lose） control of the bus before he realized it．The bus hit a red car，and fell into the river．
（6）　It　is very basic common sense that the lives and safety of the whole bus depend upon the driver，but the woman attacked the driver because of her own fault．On （7）　the　 other hand，the driver didn't stay calm．As a driver （8）　responsible　（responsibility） for the whole bus，he should have stopped the bus by the roadside to ensure safety while under attack．It was（9）　extremely　（extreme） reckless（鲁莽的） to fight back．
I wonder why none of the passengers took action to stop the fight． （10）　If　 any one of the passengers had stepped forward bravely，the tragedy might have been prevented．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲的是重庆公交车坠江事故的过程及原因．
【解答】1．which．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话的意思，且从句缺少主语，因此用关系代词which．
2．was caused．考查语态．主语the accident与cause之间是被动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，因此要用一般过去式的被动语态．
3．to get．考查不定式．此处表示"一位女乘客未能在正确的公共汽车站下车"，fail to do sth．意为"没能做某事"．
4．words．考查名词单复数．此处表示"双方都用不友好的话"，word作为名词"话语"讲时是可数名词，结合语境可知这里要用复数形式．
5．had lost．考查时态．句意：然而，他还没意识到公共汽车已经失控了，lose发生在realize之前，结合语境及句意可知这里表示过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时．
6．It．考查it用法．句意：整个公共汽车的生命和安全都取决于司机，这是一个非常基本的常识，但那个女人却因为自己的过错袭击了司机，通过分析可知此处用it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语．
7．the．考查冠词及固定短语．此处表示"另一方面，司机没有保持冷静"，on the other hand意为"另一方面"．
8．responsible．考查形容词．此处表示"作为一个负责整个巴士的司机"，此处用形容词短语作定语修饰a driver．
9．extremely．考查副词．此处用副词修饰形容词 reckless．
10．If．考查连词．结合语境可知此处表示"如果任何一位乘客勇敢地挺身而出，悲剧就可能被阻止了．"，由此可知这里表示条件关系，因此填if．
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答．扎实的语法功底加上准确的理解是解答语法填空题的关键．
14．I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled"A Real Test in My Life"before the whole class at the age of 9!You can imagine how（1）　terribly　 （terrible） shy I was with so many eyes （2）　fixed　 （fix） upon me．I had no（3）　choice　 （choose） but to prepare for it，though．First of all，I was to draft the speech，which was just a piece of cake for me，a good writer．But the hardest part（4）　lay　（lie） in my oral presentation from my memory﹣for to read from the paper was not allowed．The real moment began （5）　when　 I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank．But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me．Otherwise，I（6）　would have run　 （run） away from them．Gradually I found myself back，delivering my speech with difficulty．After what seemed to be a hundred years，I found my audience applauding﹣I made （7）　it　!From then on，my fear of talking before an audience disappeared．Actually with my confidence building up，I now turn out（8）　to be　 （be） a great speaker．Looking back，I know the greatest difficulty on our way （9）　to　 success is our fear．Overcome it （10）　and　 we will be able to achieve our goals．
【考点】记叙文．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述作者第一次做演讲的经过．首先，我要起草演讲，这对我来说只是小菜一碟，但是当我站在讲台上时，我的腿在颤抖，脑子里一片空白．但是我的听众耐心地等待着，没有丝毫的冲撞我的迹象，从那时起，我在听众面前说话的恐惧消失了．事实上，随着我的信心的增强，我现在变成了一个伟大的演说家．回首往事，我知道我们成功的路上最大的困难是我们的恐惧．克服了它，我们就能实现我们的目标．
【解答】71．terribly 72．fixed 73．choice 74．lay 75．when
76．would have run 77．it 78．to be 79．to 80．and
解析
71．terribly．考查副词．修饰形容词shy用副词terribly．
72．fixed．考查with的复合结构．这是一个with的复合结构做伴随状语，因为和名词 so many eyes 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词fixed．
73．choice．考查派生词．做 I had no的宾语，用名词choice ，表示"没有选择"．
74．lay．考查谓语动词的形式．根据上文可知谓语动词用过去式lay表示"存在于"．
75．when．考查连词．本句表示"当我站在讲台上时，我的腿在颤抖，脑子里一片空白"，所以用when引导状语从句．
76．would have run．考查虚拟语气．Otherwise表示"否则"，是含蓄条件句，所以主句表示跟过去的事实相反，谓语动词用would have run．
77．it．考查代词．表示"成功了"用固定句式 make it!
78．to be．考查固定短语．表示"结果是"用固定短语turn out to be．
79．to．考查固定短语．表示"通向某地的路"用固定短语way to．
80．and．考查连词．Overcome it 表示"战胜它"；we will be able to achieve our goals表示"我们会实现我们的目标"，所以两句之间是承接关系，所以两句之间用and．
【点评】考查语法填空
语法填空的解题技巧
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力．我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以进行填写．在读懂的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析逐题解答．按题型设计分三种情况：
1．纯空格试题的解题技巧
首先分析句子结构，根据所缺成分确定哪类词．然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词，或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词．
2．给出了动词的试题解题技巧
首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词．若句子没有别的谓语动词或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系，所给动词就是谓语动词，若是谓语动词就要考虑时态和语态；若句子有谓语动词则用非谓语动词（动词不定式、现在分词、动名词和过去分词）．
15．I have even wondered if money buys happiness．It seems that money will allow me to buy the things（1）　that/which　make me happy．But one day I sat down and made a list of the things I wanted （2）　to do　（do） in my life．I realized I'd never put much thought into it．I'd written down these things﹣like taking a photo on the mountain and staying at a hotel in Dubai，but I didn't really plan to do it，（3）　simply　（simple） because I didn't have the time．
My life consisted （4）　of　 heading to the office，running on the road，working some more …It didn't matter if my salary doubled；the life would stay （5）　the　same．Sure I'd probably drive a（6）　nicer　 （nice） car，move into a bigger place，and have a bigger TV than my friends，but that wasn't helping me realize any of my goals..Six months after（7）　creating　（create） that list，my belief has changed．I'd keep working on my list，for （8）　experiences　（experience） were much more important than any of the material items．It's not hard to create opportunity for（9）　yourself　（you）．All it（10）　takes　（take） is a little creative thinking．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】短文大意：我甚至怀疑金钱是否能买到幸福．似乎钱可以让我买到让我幸福的东西，但是有一天，我坐下来，把我想做的事情列了一个单子．我意识到我从来没有考虑过它．在创建这个清单六个月后，我的信念发生了变化．我会继续写我的清单，因为经历比任何一个重要的项目都要重要．给自己创造机会并不难，只需要一点创造性的思考
【解答】61．that/which．考查定语从句引导词．这里是一个定语从句，先行词是the things，在定语从句中作主语，因此填that/which．
62．to do．考查不定式．want to do 想去做某事，因此填to do．
63．simply．考查副词．此处用simply修饰后面的because I didn't have the time．
64．of．考查介词以及固定短语．consist of 意思是"由…组成"，因此填of．
65．the．考查冠词．此处表达"生活将保持不变"，指示代词same常和定冠词the连用，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等，这里作系动词stay的表语．
66．nicer．考查形容词比较级．根据分析可知此处与后面的a bigger place 以及a bigger TV than my friends是并列关系，因此也要用形容词比较级，因此填nicer．
67．creating．考查动名词．此处after用作介词，其后面要用动名词，因此填creating．
68．experiences．考查名词单复数．结合语境可知此次表示"经历比任何一个重要的项目都要重要"，此处experience作"经历"讲，再根据后面的were可知这里应该用复数形式．
69．yourself．考查代词．结合语境可知此处表示"给自己创造机会并不难"，因此要填you反身代词yourself．
70．takes．考查时态及主谓一致．此处是一个定语从句，it作主语，根据主句时态可知这里也要用一般现在时，因此填takes．
【点评】考查语法填空．这是高考常考题型，主要考查考生对整体文章的把握以及语言语法知识的掌握

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