资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项培优 阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．Binge﹣watching（刷剧）is when a person watches more than one episode of a show in quick succession （连续）.With developments in the speed and connectivity of the Internet，increases in technology and the rise of on﹣demand entertainment companies，people can now have their favorite shows streamed directly to their television at their convenience.
This behavior is nothing new.In fact，"binge watching"has been officially listed in dictionaries since 2015.The entertainment companies recognize this behavior and many take steps to encourage it.Often，instead of releasing each episode on a week﹣by﹣week basis，an entire series will become available concurrently.Once the episode finishes，many platforms will display pop﹣ups with "you might like" suggestions，or will automatically play the next episode.
However，recent research suggests that out of the more than half of British adults who watch more than one episode of a show back﹣to﹣back（一集接一集地） almost a third have admitted missing sleep or becoming tired as a result；and one quarter have neglected their household chores.Next we'll be missing work！
Bingeing has other connections﹣binge eating，binge drinking and binge smoking.All of them are often associated with a lack of control and a possible route to addiction.Lindsey Fussell，consumer group director，said："The days of waiting a week for the next episode are largely gone，with people finding it hard to resist watching multiple episodes around the house or on the move."If people find binge﹣watching hard to resist，are we witnessing the birth of a new type of addiction？
The countless number of information and entertainment that television and online media can bring us is，many would say，a good thing.However when the activity begins to bleed into other areas，causing us to stop functioning then it becomes a problem.So，what's the answer？Moderation!Neither a tiny amount，nor too much.After all，as the old proverb says，"A little of what you fancy does you good"
（1）How did the writer develop the first paragraph？ 　 　
A．By giving a definition
B．By telling a story.
C．By listing some examples.
D．By analyzing the cause and effect.
（2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "concurrently"in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．For convenience.
B．At the same time.
C．In detail.
D．Free of charge.
（3）What Lindsey said in Paragraph 4 implies that 　 　.
A．people can't control their feelings
B．people can't resist the temptation
C．people have no patience to do work
D．people are addicted to waiting for a new episode
（4）What advice did the writer give at last？ 　 　
A．To keep online media from stopping functioning.
B．To enjoy entertainment as much as possible.
C．To learn life lessons from the episodes.
D．To watch episodes in a moderate way.
2． We often work to save the most charismatic （有超凡魅力的） species in the world.Is it time to think beyond pandas and tigers？
Take a good look at the American burying beetle.Today it is assessed as critically endangered.Like the tiger，the beetle is orange and black；like the tiger，the beetle is decreasing in number.The tiger is an instantly recognizable symbol of species conservation，but most people aren't familiar with the beetle.
This phenomenon is called the domination of flagship species where organizations use charismatic organisms （生物） such as tigers to increase support and funding for conservation.That's largely because humans are attracted to large﹣bodied animals with forward﹣facing eyes，human﹣like traits that make such species more relatable.As a result，many less well﹣known organisms fail to get the support and funding to ensure their survival even though they play an important role in the ecosystem.
Which species could be saved？They may not charm us with fuzzy paws and puppy dog eyes，but many ignored species deserve some love.The world needs to better recognize the contributions of these underdogs rather than "only spending money on cool species，" says conservation scientist Bob Smith.
I suspect that most of us who care about animals could agree on this：Charisma is in the eye of the beholder.In that case，can't we broaden the list of animals considered popular and even beautiful？University of Kent conservationist Bob Smith says we can—and there's a name for them：Cinderella species.These are mostly threatened animals that are still very popular with the public yet are typically overlooked as flagships.Smith is convinced that "less well﹣known and less popular species can still be good flagships with more marketing effort."
In a recent study，Smith settled another myth about poster animals：that they don't help publicize the world's most species﹣rich and threatened places.A prioritization （优先次序） model Smith created showed that the most important conservation hot spots worldwide also are home to more than 500 flagship and Cinderella species，and that drawing more attention to Cinderella species could boost funding and public campaigns for habitat protection.
Let's be clear，though：It's still OK to root for pandas and tigers. "The reason I got into conservation is that I liked these species，" Smith says. "That is fair enough.But it's our job as conservationists to try to inspire people to love other species too."
（1）According to the passage，people are unfamiliar with the American burying beetle mainly because 　 　.
A．it is critically endangered
B．it is decreasing in number
C．it is not a flagship species
D．it is not instantly recognizable
（2）It can be learned from the passage that 　 　.
A．Cinderella species have made threatened species well known
B．Cinderella species are popular but ignored endangered animals
C．flagship species have raised enough funds for endangered organisms
D．flagship species and Cinderella species usually live in the same areas
（3）The underlined phrase "root for" in the last paragraph probably means 　 　.
A．take control of
B．get close to
C．show support for
D．check up on
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A．It's Time to Study Cinderella Species
B．Who Should Decide Which Species to Save？
C．Do Flagship Species Help or Hurt Conservation？
D．Conservation Can't Just Be a Popularity Contest
3．Plants are boring.They just sit there photosynthesizing（光合作用） while animals have all the fun.Right？Not so much.A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants.The ant and plant co﹣evolution （协同进化） started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant﹣friendly features.
Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use.Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mammals.These include hollow thorns that ants will live inside，or extra nectar（琼浆） on leaves or stems for the ants to eat.Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run，but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant.Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around，by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away，eat the food packet，and leave the seed﹣often in a nutrient﹣rich area where it'll grow better，and since it's farther away from its parent，they won't have to compete for resources.
But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started.If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbours，then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot.It was a chicken﹣and﹣egg question，whether things started with ants developing behaviours to take advantage of plants，or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.
The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs，and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot.However，it is a question of little significance.Scientists say their study matters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.
（1）Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to　 　.
A．reward the ants
B．make a fool of ants
C．provide nutrition for the seeds
D．get the seeds moved around
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us？　 　
A．How plants and ants interact.
B．What ants do to protect plants.
C．How plants and ants survive attacks.
D．Why plants and ants need co﹣evolution.
（3）Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants？　 　
A．Ants depended more upon plants.
B．It caused a race for better evolution.
C．How it got started was uncertain.
D．It was of little value for future studies.
（4）What's the author's purpose of writing the passage？　 　
A．To introduce a science research method.
B．To inform readers of a latest research finding.
C．To arouse readers' interest in science research.
D．To criticize people's traditional views about plants.
4．In our daily lives，we probably make silly mistakes.While these moments can be worrying，they can also be handled with humor.When we share a laugh at our mistakes，we can calm ourselves down with a thread of understanding and acceptance.
When one morning in a rush to school，I spilled （泼洒）my cup of orange juice.I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor.I raced back and forth to the sink （洗碗槽）with a kitchen cloth soaked（浸透）with juice to wash off.My legs were shaking as I watched from my window the school bus coming to my street Within a minute，I had thrown the orange juice﹣soaked cloth to the sink and ran outside to join the group of kids in entering the bus.When thinking about my morning rush to clean up the spilled juice on the bus，I realized how much unnecessary stress and worry I put myself through.I ended up smiling to myself about my minor nervousness over spilled juice.
These days I don't usually spill orange juice，but I do sometimes spill a bit of spaghetti sauce on my pant or put on my sweater backwards when I'm really tired and in a hurry for school.In each of my mistakes，I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously.It takes me a minute to calm down，take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness.It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments.
Humor，however，doesn't always have to arise from silly mistakes.Kids may have a good laugh at comic books，classic jokes and stories told by friends and parents.What matters more is not where you find the humor in life，but that you can appreciate it.
（1）When we make mistakes in our daily lives，we 　 　 .
A．should treat them properly
B．may try to enjoy ourselves
C．must know the value of them
D．had better forget them in time
（2）What did the author do before going to school in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．He prepared breakfast busily.
B．He had some clothes washed.
C．He made a cup of orange juice.
D．He did some cleaning at home.
（3）We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the author 　 　 .
A．makes many mistakes now the then
B．tries to keep himself calm with humor
C．has been used to being busy every day
D．always makes other people around happy
（4）What does the author intend to tell us？ 　 　
A．We should try to find where humor lies.
B．We can be happy by enjoying humor.
C．It is natural for us to make mistakes.
D．Reading is a good habit for every person.
5．People generally like to pick out the best﹣looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce（农产品），but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly﹣shaped produce at the price of 30% lower than normal﹣looking one.
A trial run of the ugly food line，named "Naturally Imperfect"，began with only apples and potatoes to choose from.Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.
All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices，sauces，or soups，or have not been harvested at all.The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste，and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices.And he was right，given how popular the line has become.
"It really went well beyond our expectation，" Branson said. "I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options."
Of course，Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep，and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances.The positive response（响应） to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.
"If you grow produce in your backyard，there will be a lot of produce that won't look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store"，said Branson. "And nature doesn't grow everything perfectly.I'd like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple，put it right beside a No.1 apple，close his eyes and eat them，there would be no difference."
（1）Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that　 　.
A．more fruits are offered at lower prices
B．normal﹣looking produce is forbidden there
C．imperfect produce is sold at lower prices there
D．only apples and potatoes are sold every day
（2）According to Paragraph 3，Loblaws's program　 　.
A．prevents people from wasting their food
B．happens to be a win﹣win mode
C．teaches food producers how to grow produce
D．enables consumers to eat more fresh produce
（3）What is Paragraph 5 mainly about？　 　
A．Canadians are used to eating perfect produce.
B．Smart consumers know the importance of ugly produce.
C．Loblaws intends to improve customers' quality of life.
D．Customers' support promotes the development of the ugly food line.
（4）What do Branson's words in the last paragraph mainly tell us？　 　
A．We should eat imperfect apples with our eyes closed.
B．The world is usually full of imperfect things.
C．Imperfect fruits are as tasty and nutritious as perfect ones.
D．The fruits grown by ourselves are more nutritious than those in the store.
6．We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.As scientists look deeper into our genes（基因），they are finding examples human evolution in just the past thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.Cattle﹣raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation（突变）that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell，a team of researchers reported a new kind adaptation﹣not to air or to food，but to the ocean.A group of sea﹣dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.The Bajau，as these people are known，number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia，Malaysia and the Philippines.They have traditionally lived on houseboats；in recent times，they've also built houses on stilts（支柱）in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land，" said Rodney C.Jubilado，a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，" Dr.Jubilado said "I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015，Melissa llardo，then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen，heard about the Bajau.She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，" said Dr.llardo.She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
（1）What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B．Significance of food selection.
C．Recent findings of human origin.
D．New knowledge of human evolution.
（2）Where do the Bajau build their houses？ 　 　
A．In valleys.
B．Near rivers.
C．Off the coast.
D．On the beach.
（3）Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau？ 　 　
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They could stay long underwater.
C．They had a superb way of fishing.
D．They lived on both land and water.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the texts？ 　 　
A．Bodies remodeled for a Life at Sea
B．Highlanders' Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D．The World's Best Divers
7．I enjoy throwing stuff away.I'd love to go full minimalism （极简主义），but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it.I have tried.When the kids were little，I taught them my two favorite games﹣ "Do We Need It？" and "Put It in Its Place"– and made them play every few months.Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I'm going to be honest，my own tidying skills are not as great as I'd like.My "discarded" pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful.I consider this unhealthy.I want to be better at moving on.
So，this time I found help ﹣ the classics for people like me：The Life﹣Changing Magic of Tidying Up，by Marie Kondo.Kondo's commitment to her craft is astonishing.Her philosophy is only to keep things you love.Can I go full Kondo？I will try.One central idea is to clean by category.You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration.It makes you rethink how you organize.Next，hold each item and ask if it brings you joy.This way you're choosing what to keep.And that's how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor.My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I'm nuts.She's probably not wrong.
Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket.I move through the pile：pants，shirts，suits and shoes.Then my last category：jackets.I haven't worn the thing in about 30 years.Somehow，it has survived.Now that I'm striving to follow Kondo﹣surely，its time has come？
I hold it in my hand.There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it.It's literally falling apart.Will I ever wear it again？Not a chance.Does it feel good to wear？Does it bring me joy？Actually，yes.At this moment，my daughter walks in.She asks about the jacket.I tell her the story.She thinks I should keep it.It's cool and unique and full of memories.She is arguing that nostalgia （怀念） is the very reason.
I'm not entirely convinced by my daughter's arguments.I believe in looking ahead，not backward.Nevertheless，sometimes it's hard to let go.So I gently place the jacket on the "keep" pile.
（1）What does the underlined word "discarded" probably mean in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Adjusted.
B．Reserved.
C．Abandoned.
D．Tidied.
（2）What drives the author to read The Life﹣Changing Magic of Tidying Up？ 　 　
A．To learn how to categorize.
B．To improve his tidying skills.
C．To persuade his family members.
D．To develop passion for minimalism.
（3）What is the attitude of the author's family members toward minimalism？ 　 　
A．They don't understand it.
B．They completely support it.
C．They are strongly opposed to it.
D．They are less passionate about it.
（4）What's the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Knowing when to let go
B．Classifying what you love
C．Throwing worn﹣out clothes
D．Keeping valuable possessions
8．In the old days，when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment，it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact on the environment.After all，you were jumping into your car，driving across towns，coughing out emissions （排放） and using gas all the way.But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming （流式传输） movies，we might get a little proud.After all，we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV.You're welcome.Mother Nature.
Not so fast，says a recent report from the French﹣based Shit Project.According to Climate Crisis：The Unsustainable Use of Online Video，digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions，and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year.Watching a half﹣hour show would lead to 3.5 pounds of CO2 emissions.That's like driving 6.28 kilometers.And in the European Union，the Eureca project found that data centers （where videos are stored） there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier，reports the BBC.
Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备） and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it to increase.Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022.By then，about 60% of the world's population will be online.
You're probably not going to give up your streaming services，but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use，experts say.For example，according to Lutz Stobbe，a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin，we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time.If instead you delete a few things here and there，you can save energy.Moreover，it's also a good idea to stream over Wi﹣Fi，watch on the smallest screen as you can，and turn off your Wi﹣Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.
（1）What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in？ 　 　
A．The environmental effects of driving private cars.
B．The improvements on environmental awareness.
C．The environmental impacts of streaming services.
D．The change in the way people seek entertainment.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "become more enamored of" in Paragraph3 mean？ 　 　
A．Get more skeptical of.
B．Become more aware of.
C．Get more worried about.
D．Feel much crazier about.
（3）What can we infer about the use of streaming services？ 　 　
A．Its environmental effects are worsening.
B．It is being reduced to protect the planet.
C．It is easily available to almost everyone.
D．Its side effects have drawn global attention.
（4）Which of the following is the most environmentally friendly？ 　 　
A．Playing Online games over mobile networks.
B．Downloading music on a personal computer.
C．Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.
D．Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.
9．About 97% of the world's water is salty and is found in our oceans and seas.But as we can't drink seawater how can it be important？
Every part of our seas and oceans contains an amazing number of animals and fish that live at different ocean depths.Most of the different species of animals and fish depend on simple plants for their food.These simple plants called algae（海藻） drift near the surface of the ocean and use sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.In fact，algae produce over half of the oxygen people breathe.How important seawater is!
Each plant or animal in our seas and oceans is an important link in a food chain.The algae are eaten in large amounts by microscopic animals which are in turn consumed by larger animals.These food chains are delicately balanced.The bad news about the food chains in the oceans is that they are under threat because of man.People once thought that the oceans were so big that it didn't matter if we dumped rubbish into them or caught huge quantities of fish and whales for food.But we now know this is not true and fish stocks in the oceans have started to drop.
Thankfully，the world is taking steps to protect the future of our oceans by introducing international agreements to protect marine habitats（海域）.Most countries have introduced fishing restrictions（限制） to protect fish stocks in the oceans and new techniques are being pioneered to deal with pollution.Finally the importance of protecting oceans is being made known to more people.This is just the beginning of a long process to protect the oceans for our future.We depend on the oceans for fish which are an important part of the human diet.How important seawater is!
（1）People used to think that the rubbish thrown into the sea 　 　.
A．wouldn't harm the fish in the sea
B．would change the balance of the food chain
C．would be broken down in the sea
D．wouldn't do much harm to the sea
（2）From the passage，we learn that 　 　.
A．most fish and sea animals live at the surface of the seas
B．it is very difficult to break the balance of a food chain
C．too much fishing has caused the decrease in fish stocks
D．it won't be long before the problems concerning oceans will be solved
（3）Which of the following is NOT a way being used to protect oceans？ 　 　
A．The use of international agreements.
B．Forbidding fishing to protect fish stocks.
C．The use of new techniques.
D．Raising people's awareness of the need to protect oceans.
（4）What would be the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A．The importance of seawater.
B．Life in the oceans.
C．How to protect food chains.
D．How to deal with seawater pollution.
10． Technology has blurred the boundaries between work and play，professional and personal，and career and downtime.Whether it's a digital nomad（数字游牧民） blogging on a Bali beach or a manager checking emails on a Niseko ski lift，people are seamlessly combining work and leisure.The traditional boundary between business and personal travel is fading，giving rise to a new trend known as "bleisure travel."
Bleisure travel extends beyond the usual practice of bringing a partner to a conference.Professionals worldwide are increasingly adding weekends or even weeks to their work trips.whether they are traveling alone，with a partner，or as a family.According to Jeanne Liu of the Global Business Travel Association，more than one in three business travelers will incorporate a leisure component into at least one of their trips this year.Contrary to expectations，this trend is not limited to entry﹣level employees；managers and millennials are equally likely to partake in bleisure travel.
Employers are recognizing the benefits of bleisure travel，as it contributes to travel well﹣being，job satisfaction，and productivity.Taking the opportunity to bring family members along or adding fun elements to a business trip reduces stress and enhances the overall experience.Australians，who face longer working hours and higher travel costs，are particularly receptive to bleisure travel.Guests at business﹣oriented hotels like Quest St Leonards in Sydney are increasingly opting to have their partners join them for a weekend stay or longer，rather than making quick trips back home.
Richard Tonkin，a general manager who frequently travels for work，always extends his trips to explore new destinations.He carefully researches cities and books bike tours as a way to quickly see the sights and discover places of interest.Tonkin's wife，Enza，who works part﹣time，often accompanies him on these trips and explores the local area or indulges in her own activities，such as shopping or visiting galleries and restaurants.
The modern bleisure traveler is typically culturally curious and interested in local cuisine.Hotels like Quest St Leonards ensure their front office staff are knowledgeable about not only popular attractions but also hidden gems and events happening in the area.They provide guests with tailored guides that cater to their specific interests，whether it's offbeat cafes and boutiques or trendy bars and restaurants.
The main obstacle for most business travelers considering bleisure is time.Paradoxically（自 相矛盾的是），while technology enables them to work and play at the same time，it also limits their leisure time.However，as the trend continues to gain in popularity，more professionals are finding ways to strike a balance and make the most of their business trips by incorporating leisure activities.
（1）Which of the following is a proper description of modern bleisure travelers？ 　 　
A.They prefer to travel alone rather than with a business partner or a family member.
B.They tend to be curious about local culture and cuisine，and eager to explore the area.
C.They are more interested in attending conferences and business meetings than travelling.
D.They are more likely to be entry﹣level employees than company managers or millennials.
（2）What can be inferred about"bleisure travel"from the passage？ 　 　
A.It is primarily embraced by employees with shorter working hours and lower travel costs.
B.Limited leisure time gives professionals a chance to strike a balance between work and life.
C.Its increasing popularity suggests that professionals prioritize personal experiences over work.
D.Family members coming along the bleisure travel will have to follow their partner's schedule.
（3）How do some hotels react to the rise of"bleisure travel"according to the passage？ 　 　
A.They are struggling to accommodate travelers due to limited availability and high demand.
B.They are indifferent to the trend and do not offer any specific services for bleisure travelers.
C.They are discouraging bleisure travel by offering only business﹣oriented facilities and services.
D.They are training staff to know about local travelling information and offering tailored guides.
（4）The passage mainly talks about 　 　 .
A.the rise of digital refugees in the workforce
B.the benefits of business travel for professionals
C.the trend of combining work and leisure travel
D.the challenges of balancing work and recreation
11．Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter﹣gatherers，small，tightly knit（联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nation﹣state and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number（中位数） of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction（消亡），with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon（eight remaining speakers），Chiapaneco in Mexico （150），Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia （one，with a question﹣mark）：none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
（1）What can we infer about languages in hunter﹣gatherer times？ 　 　
A．They developed very fast.
B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patterns.
D．They were closely connected.
（2）Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Complex.
B．Advanced.
C．Powerful.
D．Modern.
（3）How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？ 　 　
A．About 6，800.
B．About 3，400.
C．About 2，400.
D．About 1，200.
（4）What is the main idea of the text？ 　 　
A．New languages will be created.
B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages.
D．Geography determines language evolution.
12．The United States Space Agency，NASA，says its Mars exploration vehicle recently recorded a high level of methane （甲烷）gas on the planet.The discovery is exciting because the presence of methane gas could support the case for life on Mars.
NASA's Curiosity vehicle recently recorded the largest level of methane ever measured during its seven﹣year Mars mission.
Methane has no color or smell.A special instrument on Curiosity's Man Science Laboratory recorded the increased gas level.The device measures levels of chemical elements and gases in the Marian atmosphere.In addition to methane，the instrument can record levels of water and carbon dioxide.
Nearly all the methane gas found in Earth's atmosphere is produced by living things.It usually comes from animal and plant life.But it can also be formed by geological（地质的）processes，such as interactions between rocks and water.
It was not the first time Curiosity had found methane gas in the Martian atmosphere.About a year ago，NASA announced that Curiosity had discovered sharp seasonal increases in the gas.This time，NASA said the measured methane gas level was clearly larger than any others observed in the past."It's exciting because microbial（微生物的）life is an important source of methane on Earth，"NASA said in a statement announcing the discovery.
However，Curiosity's team carried out a follow﹣ up methane experiment that showed a sharp drop in levels of the gas.That number was "close to the background levels Curiosity sees all the time."NASA said.The rise and fall of the methane gas levels left NASA scientists with more questions than answers.
"The methane mystery continues，"said Ashwin Vasavada﹣Curiosity's project scientist，"We're more motivated than ever to keep measuring and put our brains together to figure out how methane behaves in the Martian atmosphere.
（1）What do we know about methane go？ 　 　
A．It is a must to living things.
B．It can be found everywhere.
C．It smells like carbon dioxide.
D．It's mainly from biological activity.
（2）What do the explorations on Mans tell us？ 　 　
A．Humans have known much about Mars.
B．There will be more methane gas on Mars.
C．There is no progress in the 7 year's research.
D．The level of methane gas on Mars is not stable.
（3）What does the discovery mean in NASA's view？ 　 　
A．There may exist life on Mars.
B．Methane gas on Mars has a sudden increase.
C．The mystery about Mars will be solved soon.
D．They're known how methane as is formed on Mars.
（4）How do the NASA's scientists feel about their future exploration？ 　 　
A．Aimless.
B．Confident.
C．Stressed.
D．Serious.
13．Josh Morrison，17，dreamed of raising ＄100，000 to build a home for a low﹣income family.After years of hard work，his dream has come true.The house is now in the early stages of building.
Six years ago，Josh and his dad went into the Habitat for Humanity ReStore，a home improvement store and donation center run by the nonprofit organization.They were there to buy a sink.Josh，then 11，also noticed a collection of pennies. "I instantly felt the urge to help out with that，" he said.Josh set a fund﹣raising deadline of four years.Many people doubted whether he could reach his goal of ＄100，000，but it didn't shake his faith.He devoted his time to raising money at his school and other nearby schools.He collected money from neighbours，got publicity from local newspapers，and placed cans in stores so that people could donate extra change.
Josh's fund﹣raising efforts began to produce results.Still，there were challenges.Four months before his deadline，he was ＄30，000 short.He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge，which is in the province of Ontario.The event raised ＄19，000.
"I didn't care how long it took me，"said Josh. "I would raise ＄100，000."With three weeks left，a company called Josh's house offered to donate ＄18，000.Eventually，Josh reached a total of ＄134，000 before the deadline."The momentum just kept going，and we decided to do more，"he said."Josh's Penny House"is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa，along with 24 new town houses.Josh has helped with some of the construction，as have other volunteers.He will choose the family that moves into the unit.
Next year，the 17﹣year﹣old kid will head to college in British Columbia，Canada's western most province.As an 11﹣year﹣old kid when starting fund﹣raising，Josh was able to send a powerful message across the world.No matter how old you are，if you have a dream and are willing to do anything to achieve it，it can come true.
（1）Which word can best describe Josh Morrison in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Cautious.
B．Straightforward.
C．Open﹣minded.
D．Determined.
（2）Why did Josh hold the Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event？ 　 　
A．To attain his goal.
B．To call for more attention.
C．To win approval from the locals.
D．To find sponsors for a family.
（3）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean？ 　 　
A．He received continuous donations.
B．His project became more popular.
C．He got more support from his family.
D．The result was beyond expectations.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Kindness from a Company
B．The Penny House Dream
C．A Fund﹣raising Campaign
D．A Boy with a Warm Heart
14．Since 1964，colleges and universities in the U.S.have used Test of English as a Foreign Language，or TOEFL，to measure an international applicant's（申请人的） level of English.Universities in English﹣speaking European countries began using the International English Language Testing System，or IELTs，in 1989.These two tests have been the main choices for English ability testing in higher education admissions for international students until now.
In recent years，several companies have developed new English language tests that are low﹣cost and easy to use.And they aim to do more than just offer greater choice in the admissions process.
Founded in 2012，Duolingo creates software that teaches users many different languages，including English.In 2014，the company launched its own test of English language ability.
Jennifer Dewar works with Duolingo，helping to develop the test.She formerly worked as an admissions official at Washington University in St.Louis，Missouri.The school is one of hundreds of colleges universities and other organizations in and outside the U.S.that now accept the test results for international admissions into their study programs.
Dewar says Duolingo created the test to lower the barriers to higher education for people worldwide，especially those in developing countries.
TOEFL and the IELTS cost about ＄300.They are given in a limited number of centers around the world.Some test﹣takers have to travel to take the tests，adding to the costs.Duolingo offers its test entirely over the Internet for ＄49.All test﹣takers need is access to a computer with a microphone，listening device and self﹣facing camera。
TOEFL，the IELTs and Duolingo measure a person's English reading，listening，speaking and writing abilities.But it takes about 45 minutes to complete a Duolingo test，compared to three or four hours for TOEFL or the IELTS.It is possible because Duolingo uses artificial intelligence（人工智能） to test test﹣takers' abilities，using fewer questions to measure their skills.
（1）Why were TOEFL and the IELTS set up？ 　 　
A．To make people understand English﹣speaking countries.
B．To help teachers to teach in colleges an universities in Europe.
C．To test an international applicant's level of English.
D．To help international applicants to improve their English.
（2）When did Duolingo begin to use its own test of English language ability？ 　 　
A．In 1964.
B．In 1989.
C．In 2012.
D．In 2014.
（3）Compared to TOEFL and the IELTS，Duolingo is 　 　.
A．widely used in English tests
B．a less difficult test
C．affordable and convenient
D．a face﹣to﹣face test
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ 　 　
A．To introduce Duolingo.
B．To instruct us how to pass English tests.
C．To introduce overseas studying.
D．To promote English teaching.
15．It was just after 5 pm.I was holding a cup of tea at Sainsbury's，the second largest chain of supermarkets in the U.K.We were around a dozen customers in the supermarket's cafe，and most of us were on our own.Despite placing the special sign "Reserved for customers in the mood for a chat" in an obvious position，I got no takers.
Government announcers tell us that Britons of all ages are suffering loneliness.About 200，000 senior citizens have not spoken to a friend or relative for over a month.Family doctors suspect that some of their patients are making appointments because they are lonely.The receptionists also agree that the front desk is a magnet for the isolated to come and experience a bit of human contact.And the young，even with their busy lives on social media，are also affected.New research from Sainsbury's Living Well Index reveals that almost two thirds of the people aged between 18 and 24 have admitted to sometimes feeling lonely.
To ease the problem of loneliness，Sainsbury's has launched "Talking Tables，" which are reserved spaces where people can have a chat.They appear in a variety of formats.A sign﹣posted table located in cafés in﹣store is one of them.The concept has been developed in close association with Chatty Café.Alexandra Hoskyn was inspired to start a network of Chatty Cafés in the U.K.in 2017 after finding herself socially isolated as a new mother at home with young children.
"We know from our Living Well Index that community connections are a key driver of helping people live well，" says Judith Batchelar，director of Sainsbury's brand. "We hope that by bringing people together at our 'Talking Tables，' we can develop the potential of our store space to help people be better connected to the communities they live and work in."
A European friend suggested that all this unsolicited（自发的） friendliness may not seem very British.However，a staff member at the Sainsbury's sounded more positive： "It's early days，and you cannot change people's habits overnight."
（1）Who might come to "Talking Table"？ 　 　
A．Only the lonely old people.
B．People having communication problems.
C．Teenagers active in social media.
D．Anyone eager to chat.
（2）What can we infer from the text？ 　 　
A． "Talking Table" is a pioneer in the UK.
B． "Talking Table" was inspired by some new mothers.
C．Friendliness can change British habits directly.
D． "Talking Table" can produce a sense of belonging.
（3）What is the important element for people's well﹣being according to Judith Batchelar？ 　 　
A．Personal ambition.
B．Physical and mental health.
C．Communication in the community.
D．Relations with family.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A．The largest supermarket chain in the UK Sainsbury's.
B．The supermarket's cafes helping ease loneliness.
C．The latest study on loneliness of senior citizens.
D．The approaches to getting rid of loneliness.
期末专项培优 阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．Binge﹣watching（刷剧）is when a person watches more than one episode of a show in quick succession （连续）.With developments in the speed and connectivity of the Internet，increases in technology and the rise of on﹣demand entertainment companies，people can now have their favorite shows streamed directly to their television at their convenience.
This behavior is nothing new.In fact，"binge watching"has been officially listed in dictionaries since 2015.The entertainment companies recognize this behavior and many take steps to encourage it.Often，instead of releasing each episode on a week﹣by﹣week basis，an entire series will become available concurrently.Once the episode finishes，many platforms will display pop﹣ups with "you might like" suggestions，or will automatically play the next episode.
However，recent research suggests that out of the more than half of British adults who watch more than one episode of a show back﹣to﹣back（一集接一集地） almost a third have admitted missing sleep or becoming tired as a result；and one quarter have neglected their household chores.Next we'll be missing work！
Bingeing has other connections﹣binge eating，binge drinking and binge smoking.All of them are often associated with a lack of control and a possible route to addiction.Lindsey Fussell，consumer group director，said："The days of waiting a week for the next episode are largely gone，with people finding it hard to resist watching multiple episodes around the house or on the move."If people find binge﹣watching hard to resist，are we witnessing the birth of a new type of addiction？
The countless number of information and entertainment that television and online media can bring us is，many would say，a good thing.However when the activity begins to bleed into other areas，causing us to stop functioning then it becomes a problem.So，what's the answer？Moderation!Neither a tiny amount，nor too much.After all，as the old proverb says，"A little of what you fancy does you good"
（1）How did the writer develop the first paragraph？ 　A　
A．By giving a definition
B．By telling a story.
C．By listing some examples.
D．By analyzing the cause and effect.
（2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "concurrently"in Paragraph 2？ 　B　
A．For convenience.
B．At the same time.
C．In detail.
D．Free of charge.
（3）What Lindsey said in Paragraph 4 implies that 　B　.
A．people can't control their feelings
B．people can't resist the temptation
C．people have no patience to do work
D．people are addicted to waiting for a new episode
（4）What advice did the writer give at last？ 　D　
A．To keep online media from stopping functioning.
B．To enjoy entertainment as much as possible.
C．To learn life lessons from the episodes.
D．To watch episodes in a moderate way.
【考点】社会．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ABBD
【分析】本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，本文主要通过介绍"刷剧"一词的来源，来告诉我们，只有我们把握好度，正确利用电视和网络媒体，它才能让我们更好的了解世界，享受我们所需要休息的时间。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段Binge﹣watching is when a person watches more than one episode of a show in quick succession.（观看节目（刷剧）是指一个人连续看一集以上的节目。）可知，文章一开始就告诉什么是Bing﹣watching，即第一段是通过下定义开始行文的。A.By giving a definition通过下定义；B.By telling a story通过讲故事；C.By listing some examples通过举例；D.By analyzing the cause and effect通过分析原因和影响。故选A。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段Often，instead of releasing each episode on a week﹣by﹣week basis，an entire series will become available concurrently.（通常情况下，不是一周一集地发行，而是整个系列都可以在当下发行。）可知，划线部分的意思是"当下，同时"。A.For convenience为了方便起见；B.At the same time同时；C.In detail详细地；D.Free of charge免费的。故选B。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第四段The days of waiting a week for the next episode are largely gone，with people finding it hard to resist watching multiple episodes around the house or on the move.（一周等待下一集的日子已经一去不复返了，人们发现很难不在家里或搬家的时候看多集。）可知，从她的话可知人们是抵制不住诱惑，故选B。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段The countless of information and entertainment that television and online media can bring us is，many would say，a good thing.However，when the activity begins to bleed into other areas，causing us to stop functioning then it becomes a problem.So，what's the answer？Moderation!Neither a tiny amount，nor too much.After all，as the old proverb says， "A little of what you fancy does you good."（许多人会说，电视和在线媒体所能带给我们的无数信息和娱乐是一件好事。然而，当这种活动开始渗入其他领域，导致我们停止运作时，这就成了一个问题。答案是什么？节制！毕竟，正如那句古老的谚语所说："你所喜欢的一点对你有好处。）可知，刷剧要有所节制，要以适度的方式观看电视剧，故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
2． We often work to save the most charismatic （有超凡魅力的） species in the world.Is it time to think beyond pandas and tigers？
Take a good look at the American burying beetle.Today it is assessed as critically endangered.Like the tiger，the beetle is orange and black；like the tiger，the beetle is decreasing in number.The tiger is an instantly recognizable symbol of species conservation，but most people aren't familiar with the beetle.
This phenomenon is called the domination of flagship species where organizations use charismatic organisms （生物） such as tigers to increase support and funding for conservation.That's largely because humans are attracted to large﹣bodied animals with forward﹣facing eyes，human﹣like traits that make such species more relatable.As a result，many less well﹣known organisms fail to get the support and funding to ensure their survival even though they play an important role in the ecosystem.
Which species could be saved？They may not charm us with fuzzy paws and puppy dog eyes，but many ignored species deserve some love.The world needs to better recognize the contributions of these underdogs rather than "only spending money on cool species，" says conservation scientist Bob Smith.
I suspect that most of us who care about animals could agree on this：Charisma is in the eye of the beholder.In that case，can't we broaden the list of animals considered popular and even beautiful？University of Kent conservationist Bob Smith says we can—and there's a name for them：Cinderella species.These are mostly threatened animals that are still very popular with the public yet are typically overlooked as flagships.Smith is convinced that "less well﹣known and less popular species can still be good flagships with more marketing effort."
In a recent study，Smith settled another myth about poster animals：that they don't help publicize the world's most species﹣rich and threatened places.A prioritization （优先次序） model Smith created showed that the most important conservation hot spots worldwide also are home to more than 500 flagship and Cinderella species，and that drawing more attention to Cinderella species could boost funding and public campaigns for habitat protection.
Let's be clear，though：It's still OK to root for pandas and tigers. "The reason I got into conservation is that I liked these species，" Smith says. "That is fair enough.But it's our job as conservationists to try to inspire people to love other species too."
（1）According to the passage，people are unfamiliar with the American burying beetle mainly because 　C　.
A．it is critically endangered
B．it is decreasing in number
C．it is not a flagship species
D．it is not instantly recognizable
（2）It can be learned from the passage that 　B　.
A．Cinderella species have made threatened species well known
B．Cinderella species are popular but ignored endangered animals
C．flagship species have raised enough funds for endangered organisms
D．flagship species and Cinderella species usually live in the same areas
（3）The underlined phrase "root for" in the last paragraph probably means 　C　.
A．take control of
B．get close to
C．show support for
D．check up on
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　D　
A．It's Time to Study Cinderella Species
B．Who Should Decide Which Species to Save？
C．Do Flagship Species Help or Hurt Conservation？
D．Conservation Can't Just Be a Popularity Contest
【考点】说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要分析了一些劣势物种的保护没得到重视的原因，并呼吁不要用人气来决定物种的保护与否。
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题。由第三段第一句"This phenomenon is called the domination of flagship species where organizations use charismatic organisms （生物） such as tigers to increase support and funding for conservation."（这种现象被称为旗舰物种主导，各组织使用如老虎这样有超凡魅力的生物来提升支持和保护资金。）可知，beetles不被人们所熟知是因它不是旗舰物种，故选C。
（2）B．细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第二句"These are mostly threatened animals that are still very popular with the public yet are typically overlooked as flagships."（这些大部分是处于威胁中的动物，他们仍受大众欢迎但是人们通常忽视了它们也是旗舰物种）可知，辛德瑞拉物种是受欢迎但是被忽视的旗舰物种，故选B。
（3）C．词义推测题。最后一段第一句"Let's be clear，though：It's still OK to root for pandas and tigers."（但是，让我们理清一点。我们root for猫和老虎是没问题的）最后一句 "But it's our job as conservationists to try to inspire people to love other species too."（但是作为保护者，我们也要努力鼓励人们爱其他物种）可知，作者呼吁人们除了熊猫和老虎，也要爱护、支持其他物种。由此可知，划线部分意为"支持"。结合选项：A.take control of控制；B.get close to接近；C.show support for支持；D.check up on检查。故选C。
（4）D．标题判断题。根据文章主要内容，尤其最后一句"The world needs to better recognize the contributions of these underdogs rather than "only spending money on cool species，" says conservation scientist Bob Smith."（世界需要更好地认识到这些弱势群体的贡献，而不是'只把钱花在酷物种上'，物种保护科学家Bob Smith说）可知，文章多处提到一些物种的保护不被重视是因为他们不是旗舰物种并希望这种现状可以被改变，D选项的"Conservation Can't Just Be a Popularity Contest"（保护不能成为一个人气竞赛）符合文章主题，故选D。
【点评】考查科技类说明文，做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
3．Plants are boring.They just sit there photosynthesizing（光合作用） while animals have all the fun.Right？Not so much.A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants.The ant and plant co﹣evolution （协同进化） started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant﹣friendly features.
Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use.Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mammals.These include hollow thorns that ants will live inside，or extra nectar（琼浆） on leaves or stems for the ants to eat.Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run，but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant.Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around，by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away，eat the food packet，and leave the seed﹣often in a nutrient﹣rich area where it'll grow better，and since it's farther away from its parent，they won't have to compete for resources.
But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started.If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbours，then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot.It was a chicken﹣and﹣egg question，whether things started with ants developing behaviours to take advantage of plants，or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.
The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs，and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot.However，it is a question of little significance.Scientists say their study matters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.
（1）Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to　D　.
A．reward the ants
B．make a fool of ants
C．provide nutrition for the seeds
D．get the seeds moved around
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us？　A　
A．How plants and ants interact.
B．What ants do to protect plants.
C．How plants and ants survive attacks.
D．Why plants and ants need co﹣evolution.
（3）Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants？　C　
A．Ants depended more upon plants.
B．It caused a race for better evolution.
C．How it got started was uncertain.
D．It was of little value for future studies.
（4）What's the author's purpose of writing the passage？　B　
A．To introduce a science research method.
B．To inform readers of a latest research finding.
C．To arouse readers' interest in science research.
D．To criticize people's traditional views about plants.
【考点】科普知识；说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】DACB
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的互动有着悠久的历史。蚂蚁和植物的共同进化始于蚂蚁以植物为食，植物进化出对蚂蚁友好的特征。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中"Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around，by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds."其他植物通过给蚂蚁提供附着在种子上的丰富的食物包来帮助它们移动种子。可知一些植物将食物附在种子上，这样种子可以四处传播，故选D项。
（2）A.段落大意题。根据文章第二段中"Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use.""植物有许多不同的结构，是蚂蚁特有的。"和".Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run，but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant.Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around，by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds."有些蚂蚁会欺骗并拿走花蜜就跑，但有些蚂蚁会留下来攻击任何试图伤害植物的东西。其他植物让蚂蚁帮助它们移动种子，给它们提供附着在种子上的丰富的食物包。可知，第二段主要讲了植物和蚂蚁如何互动，故选A项。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中"But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started.""但是科学家们并不确定蚂蚁和植物之间的进化关系是如何开始的。"由此可知蚂蚁和植物进化的关系是：它是怎么开始的还不确定。C选项描述正确，故选C项。
（4）B.写作目的题。根据第一段中"A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants.""一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的相互作用由来已久。"是全文的主题句，由此推断出，作者写这篇文章的目的是告知读者最新的研究结果，故选B项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4．In our daily lives，we probably make silly mistakes.While these moments can be worrying，they can also be handled with humor.When we share a laugh at our mistakes，we can calm ourselves down with a thread of understanding and acceptance.
When one morning in a rush to school，I spilled （泼洒）my cup of orange juice.I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor.I raced back and forth to the sink （洗碗槽）with a kitchen cloth soaked（浸透）with juice to wash off.My legs were shaking as I watched from my window the school bus coming to my street Within a minute，I had thrown the orange juice﹣soaked cloth to the sink and ran outside to join the group of kids in entering the bus.When thinking about my morning rush to clean up the spilled juice on the bus，I realized how much unnecessary stress and worry I put myself through.I ended up smiling to myself about my minor nervousness over spilled juice.
These days I don't usually spill orange juice，but I do sometimes spill a bit of spaghetti sauce on my pant or put on my sweater backwards when I'm really tired and in a hurry for school.In each of my mistakes，I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously.It takes me a minute to calm down，take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness.It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments.
Humor，however，doesn't always have to arise from silly mistakes.Kids may have a good laugh at comic books，classic jokes and stories told by friends and parents.What matters more is not where you find the humor in life，but that you can appreciate it.
（1）When we make mistakes in our daily lives，we 　A　 .
A．should treat them properly
B．may try to enjoy ourselves
C．must know the value of them
D．had better forget them in time
（2）What did the author do before going to school in Paragraph 2？ 　D　
A．He prepared breakfast busily.
B．He had some clothes washed.
C．He made a cup of orange juice.
D．He did some cleaning at home.
（3）We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the author 　B　 .
A．makes many mistakes now the then
B．tries to keep himself calm with humor
C．has been used to being busy every day
D．always makes other people around happy
（4）What does the author intend to tell us？ 　B　
A．We should try to find where humor lies.
B．We can be happy by enjoying humor.
C．It is natural for us to make mistakes.
D．Reading is a good habit for every person.
【考点】日常生活；说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在生活中，我们总是会犯这样或那样的错误，我们应该怎么对待这种情况呢？
【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据文章第一段In our daily lives，we probably make silly mistakes.While these moments can be worrying，they can also be handled with humor.When we share a laugh at our mistakes，we can calm ourselves down with a thread of understanding and acceptance.（在我们的日常生活中，我们可能会犯愚蠢的错误。虽然这些时刻可能令人担忧，但也可以用幽默来处理。当我们为自己的错误而开怀大笑时，我们可以通过理解和接受来让自己冷静下来。）可知，我们应该正确地看待自己所犯的错误。故选A。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据文章第二段I immediately thought of the precious minutes I would have to spend in cleaning up the floor.I raced back and forth to the sink（洗碗槽）with a kitchen cloth soaked（浸透）with juice to wash off.（我立刻想到我必须花几分钟来清理地板。我拿着一块浸透了果汁的厨房布，跑到水池边去洗。）可知，在上学之前作者做了一些清洗工作。故选D。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段In each of my mistakes，I try to remind myself not to take myself so seriously.It takes me a minute to calm down，take a deep breath and smile at my carelessness.It is the ability to see mistakes in a different way that enables me to find humor in everyday moments.（在我犯的每一个错误中，我都试着提醒自己不要把自己看得太严肃。我花了一分钟的时间冷静下来，深吸一口气，对自己的粗心微笑。用不同的方式看待错误的能力使我能在日常生活中找到幽默。）可知，作者用幽默安慰自己，让自己镇定下来。故选B。
（4）B.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段What matters more is not where you find the humor in life，but that you can appreciate it.（重要的不是你在哪里发现生活的幽默，而是你能欣赏它。）可知，作者认为，更重要的是我们要会欣赏幽默，才能生活得快乐。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
5．People generally like to pick out the best﹣looking fruits and vegetables when shopping for produce（农产品），but Canadian supermarket chain Loblaws is attracting customers with badly﹣shaped produce at the price of 30% lower than normal﹣looking one.
A trial run of the ugly food line，named "Naturally Imperfect"，began with only apples and potatoes to choose from.Consumer demand has been so huge that Loblaws is going to introduce more ugly vegetables and fruits like onions and mushrooms.
All the produce that will be sold through Naturally Imperfect would otherwise have been used in juices，sauces，or soups，or have not been harvested at all.The director Dan Branson explained that this program benefited both food producers who would otherwise have to let abnormal produce go to waste，and consumers who could buy fresh produce at low prices.And he was right，given how popular the line has become.
"It really went well beyond our expectation，" Branson said. "I think it really spoke to the fact that Canadians are out there really looking for some options."
Of course，Canadians know that beauty is more than skin deep，and they also recognize that they can get the same flavor and nutritional benefits in spite of appearances.The positive response（响应） to the initial offering of apples and potatoes showed the opportunity to expand the line and offer more options at a greater price to Canadian families.
"If you grow produce in your backyard，there will be a lot of produce that won't look as pretty as what you will see in a grocery store"，said Branson. "And nature doesn't grow everything perfectly.I'd like to think if somebody were to take a No Name Naturally Imperfect apple，put it right beside a No.1 apple，close his eyes and eat them，there would be no difference."
（1）Loblaws is different from other supermarkets in that　C　.
A．more fruits are offered at lower prices
B．normal﹣looking produce is forbidden there
C．imperfect prod

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