【弯道超车】Unit 2 Digital life 核心语法之被动语态-2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 2 Digital life 核心语法之被动语态-2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 2 Digital life
核心语法:被动语态
一、基本概念
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作本身而非执行者。基本结构为:be动词 + 过去分词(V-ed)。
二、构成方式(以动词do为例)
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句(被动)
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done English is spoken worldwide.
一般过去时 did was/were done The book was written in 2020.
一般将来时 will do will be done The project will be finished tomorrow.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being done A new bridge is being built.
过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done The letter was being typed when he came.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been done The work has been completed.
过去完成时 had done had been done The tickets had been sold out.
三、使用场景
强调动作承受者:
The novel was awarded the Nobel Prize.(强调小说获奖)
动作执行者未知或不重要:
My wallet was stolen yesterday.(不知道是谁偷的)
客观描述科学事实:
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
避免提及动作执行者:
Mistakes were made in the report.(避免说明谁犯错)
四、句型转换(主动→被动)
将主动句的宾语变为主语
根据时态选用相应的be动词
将主动词变为过去分词
原主语用by引出(可省略)
示例转换:
主动:The chef cooked the meal.
被动:The meal was cooked (by the chef).
五、特殊结构处理
带情态动词的被动语态:
结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词
例:The rules must be obeyed.
双宾语动词的被动语态:
两种被动形式:
直接宾语作主语:I was given a gift.
间接宾语作主语:A gift was given to me.
短语动词的被动语态:
必须保留介词/副词:
主动:They looked after the children.
被动:The children were looked after.
六、易错点分析
1、遗漏be动词:
The letter sent yesterday.( )
The letter was sent yesterday.(√)
2、误用过去式代替过去分词:
The window was broke.( )
The window was broken.(√)
3、不必要使用被动语态:
English is spoken by me every day.( 啰嗦)
I speak English every day.(√ 简洁)
4、by与with混淆:
by + 执行者:The cake was made by my mother.
with + 工具/材料:The cake was made with eggs and flour.
1.Our club was ________ by a group of students who shared the same hobby.
A.found B.founded C.discovered D.started
2.The work ________ finished in two hours.
A.is B.was C.will be
3.A new building ________ in our school next year.
A.will be built B.is built C.is being built D.has been built
4.The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.
A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place
5.The lights must ________ before you leave the classroom.
A.turn on B.turn off
C.be turned on D.be turned off
6.—Li Lei’s legs were ________ in the traffic accident yesterday.
—I’m sorry to hear that.
A.badly hurt B.bad hurt C.hurts D.hurt bad
7.You can’t wear shoes inside this place. It ________.
A.doesn’t allow B.isn’t allowed
C.hasn’t allowed D.wasn’t allowed
8.—The horse-face skirt is popular. It puts together modernity and tradition naturally.
—Yeah! It shows that traditional beauty should ________ by Chinese people today.
A.value B.be valued C.valued
9.Many bridges and houses ________ in the flood last month.
A.is destroyed B.are destroyed C.was destroyed D.were destroyed
10.Mr. Smith_________to be one of the best teachers in our school.
A.considers B.considering C.is considered D.considered
11.Now there are too many apps on the phone. For users who don’t want them, space on the phone ________.
A.takes away B.is taken away C.takes up D.is taken up
12.The light bulb ________ by Thomas Edison.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.inventing
13.The pet dog is warm and loving. It _________ as a son of my family.
A.treats B.is treated C.treated D.was treated
14.The boy ________ “Little Clever”.
A.call B.called C.is called
15.A lot of trees ________ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresh air now.
A.were planted B.are planted C.will plant
16.Look! The land is ________white snow. How beautiful it is!
A.cover with B.covering by C.covered with D.cover by
17.—Lingling, do you know who created this painting
—Yes.It ________ by Xu Beihong in 1940.
A.painted B.is painted C.was painted D.has been painted
18.Keep quiet, please! Talking __________ during the meeting.
A.doesn’t allow B.is allowed C.allows D.isn’t allowed
19.It’s wrong that the children ________ all day.
A.make to study B.make studying
C.are made studying D.are made to study
20.Do you think that the bridge ________ in a year
A.would be completed B.will be completed
C.had been completed D.is being completed
21.The telephone ________ Bell many years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.was invented by D.invented by
22.Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.
A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known
23.—Look, what have you done
—Sorry. I think if I ________ another chance, I’ll do it better.
A.will be given B.give C.am given
24.I want to know if an English Singing Competition ________ next month.
A.will hold B.will be held C.holds D.is held
25.It's said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two third; has B.two thirds; have C.two thirds; is
26.The forest ________ with surprises.
A.was full B.full C.has filled D.was filled
27.Something ________ if we have the party next week.
A.happens B.is happened C.will happen D.will be happened
28.The Silk Road is mainly built for business. Many Chinese things ________ to western countries through it.
A.are sold B.are selling
C.were sold D.were selling
29.The method of making gunpowder ________ the Europe in the 14th century.
A.is bringing to B.was bringing to
C.was brought to D.were brought to
30.The students in this school _________ to choose their own school uniforms.
A.are allowed B.allowed C.are allowing D.should allow
31.The glass ________. It ________ by little Tom this morning.
A.broke;is broken B.is broken;was broken
C.was broken;broke D.has been broken;broken
32.I’m unhappy because I ________ play computer games.
A.don’t allow to B.am allowed to C.am not allowed to D.allow doing
33.Students in our school are ________ wear uniforms.
A.ought to B.asked C.required to
34.When I was a kid, some of my pocket money ________ to buy stuffed toy animals.
A.uses B.is used C.used D.was used
35.—Look, what an old house! It looks so great!
—Yeah, it ________ about 800 years ago.
A.was building B.was built C.has built D.is built
36.An organization was ________ to help the children in poor areas.
A.put up B.set up C.setting up D.built
37.— ________ the film ________ Snow White
—No, it isn’t.
A.Has; been called B.Is; called C.Was; called D.Will; be called
38.45,000 mu of wheat ________ smoothly in Gaochun District last month, forming a busy harvest scene.
A.harvests B.harvested C.is harvested D.was harvested
39.The travelers ________ on the top of the mountain. They called 110 for help.
A.trapped B.were trapped C.trapping D.are trapping
40.Try to buy one before all the tickets ________.
A.will be sold B.will be sold out C.sold D.are sold out
41.In winter the hill always ________snow. It looks more beautiful.
A.will be covered with B.is covered with
C.covers with D.will cover with
42.—Don’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right
—Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _________ here.
A.wasn’t allowed B.isn’t allowed C.won’t allow D.doesn’t allow
43.—When should I hand in my homework
—Your homework must ________ as soon as the bell ________.
A.hand in; rings B.hand in; will ring
C.be handed in; rings D.be handed in; will ring
44.Amy ________ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.
A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited
45.Gilbert ________ electricity, and electric light ________ by Edison.
A.discovered; was invented B.was invented; discovered
C.invented; discovered D.discovered; invented
46.I think your lost pen ________ on the sofa in your home.
A.may be left B.should not be left
C.may leave D.should not leave
47.The world’s first newspaper _________ by Romans.
A.published B.was published C.kept D.was kept
48.—I don't think sixteen- year -olds ________ to drive.
—I agree. They aren't serious enough at that age.
A.can allow B.need be allowed C.should allow D.should be allowed
49.Pet dogs need _______ often.
A.wash B.to wash C.washes D.washing
50.—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels
—Yes. It ________ well.
A.is read B.was read C.will read D.reads
51.The next Summer Olympics ________ in Paris in 2024.
A.will hold B.will be held C.is held D.is holding
52.The book _______ one of the greatest books in the world.
A.is thought to be B.thought to be C.is thought to D.is thought be
53.The football game ________ because of the rain ten minutes ago.
A.was canceled B.canceled C.to cancel D.has canceled
54.A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher hair now.
A.plant B.are planted C.were planted
55.Silk ________ more comfortable than cotton.
A.feels B.felt C.is feeling D.is felt
56.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.
A.is grown B.are grown C.grows
57.—Excuse me. When can we play badminton at the court
—Not until it ________ next week.
A.repairs B.is repaired C.will be repaired
58.The People’s Republic of China was ________ on October 1st, 1949.
A.found B.founded C.appeared D.began
59.The pizza ________ by my mother. Would you like to have some
A.makes B.was making C.made D.was made
60.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.
A.is grown B.are grown C.grew D.grow
61.If you ________ able to come, I will show you around my hometown.
A.is B.can be C.will be D.are
62.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end.
A.solve B.be solved C.answer D.be answered
63.—Dad, please open the door. The door________.
—OK. I’m coming.
A.will lock B.was locking C.was locked D.locked
64.Newborn babies must ________.
A.look after well B.be looked well
C.looked well after D.be looked after well
65.If more trees________ , our city will be more and more beautiful.
A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted
66.—I find your dress bought online _________, so I want to buy one.
—I’m afraid you are a little late. It _________ last week.
A.sells well; was sold out B.is sold well; was sold out C.sells well; sold out
67.Chinese New Year ________ the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
A.is called B.was called C.calls D.called
68.—Look! Am I OK in the dress
—I’m afraid you ________ when appearing in the ceremony.
A.will show the gate B.will be shown the gate C.are shown the gate D.show the gate
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】句意:我们俱乐部是由有共同爱好的一群学生创立的。
考查动词。found发现;founded被创立,“be founded by...”表示 “由……创立”;discovered发现;started创办,在表示 “创办” 时,较为口语化。根据“Our club was … by a group of students”可知,此处主语是俱乐部,在正式表达组织成立时,“founded” 更为合适。故选B。
2.C
【解析】句意:这项工作将在两小时内完成。
考查时态和语态。“in two hours”是一般将来时的标志词;且主语“The work”和动词之间是被动语态,需用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)。故选C。
3.A
【解析】句意:明年我们学校将建一座新大楼。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。will be built一般将来时,被动;is built一般现在时,被动;is being built现在进行时,被动;has been built现在完成时,被动。根据“A new building…in our school next year.”可知句中next year是一般将来时的时间标志词,故此句要用一般将来时,因新的建筑作主语,故此句要用被动语态,故选A。
4.A
【解析】句意:会议将在8点举行。
考查被动语态。be held被举行(被动语态);hold举行(动词原形);takes place发生(主动形式,主语应为事件);be taken place错误表达(take place通常不用被动语态)。根据主语“The meeting”和谓语“hold”可知,此处表示“会议被举行”,构成被动关系,用be held符合语境。故选A。
5.D
【解析】句意:离开教室前必须把灯关掉。
考查动词短语以及被动语态。turn on打开;turn off关闭。根据句意可知这里指灯被关掉,用被动语态be+过去分词。因为空前前有情态动词must,因此这里的be用动词原形。故选D。
6.A
【解析】句意:——李雷的腿在昨天的交通事故中受了重伤。——听到这个消息我很难过。
考查时态、副词辨析。bad坏的,形容词;badly非常,副词;此处是be hurt“受伤”,排除C;根据修饰动词用副词的原则,可知排除B和D。故选A。
7.B
【解析】句意:你不能在这里穿鞋。这是不允许的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“You can’t wear shoes inside this place.”可知,在这个地方穿鞋是不允许的,主语“It”指代“在这里穿鞋”这件事,这件事与allow之间是被动关系,故应用被动语态,被动语态结构为be+动词过去分词,而这里陈述的这件事是一般事实,因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语“It”是第三人称单数形式,be用is,否定形式为isn’t,allow的过去分词是allowed,即为isn’t allowed。故选B。
8.B
【解析】句意:——马面裙很流行。它将现代与传统自然地结合在一起。——是啊。这表明传统美应该受到今天中国人的重视。
考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知,空处所在句的主语“traditional beauty”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态,B项符合。故选B。
9.D
【解析】句意:上个月许多桥梁和房子在洪水中被毁坏了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last month”可知应用一般过去时,而主语Many bridges and houses和谓语动词destroy“毁坏”是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,而一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”,主语不是第三人称单数,be动词应用were,故选D。
10.C
【解析】句意:史密斯老师被认为是我们学校的最佳教师之一。
考查被动语态。consider意为“考虑”,和主语Mr. Smith之间构成被动关系,可知用被动语态be done,be considered to do意为“被认为做某事”,故选C。
11.D
【解析】句意:现在手机上有太多的应用软件了。对于不想要他们的使用者来说。手机空间被占用了。
考查动词短语和被动语态。takes away拿开;is taken away被拿开;takes up占用;is taken up被占用。根据语意分析及“Now there are too many apps on the phone.”可知,手机上的空间被占用,所以用take up。根据主语是space,所以应该用被动语态。故选D。
12.C
【解析】句意:灯泡是由托马斯爱迪生发明的。
考查时态和语态。The light bulb是被发明的,所以用被动语态,且动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选C。
13.B
【解析】句意:这只宠物狗既温暖又可爱。它被当作我家的儿子。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“It”和谓语“treat”是被动关系,需用被动语态;根据“The pet dog is warm and loving. It…as a son of my family.”可知,本句需用一般现在时。综合以上,此空需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
14.C
【解析】句意:这个男孩被称为“小聪明”。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语是“The boy”与“call”之间存在被动关系,此处需要使用被动语态,强调男孩被称为什么,结构为“is called”,故选C。
15.B
【解析】句意:这里每年都种很多树,我们可以享受新鲜空气。
考查时态和被动语态。根据“A lot of trees...around here every year,...”可知,“trees”与“plant”之间为被动关系,需用被动语态,排除C,又因every year,时态为一般现在时,主语trees是复数,谓语用“are+动词过去分词”的结构,planted为动词过去分词。故选B。
16.C
【解析】句意:看!地面被白雪覆盖着。它是多么漂亮啊!
考查被动和介词。本句主语“the land”和谓语动词“cover”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,be covered with意为“被……覆盖”,符合语境。故选C。
17.C
【解析】句意:——玲玲,你知道这幅画是谁创作的吗?——知道。它是徐悲鸿在1940年创作的。
考查被动语态。根据句意,这幅画是徐悲鸿创作的,动作发生在过去,且主语“It”是动作的承受者,因此应使用过去时的被动语态“was painted”。故选C。
18.D
【解析】句意:请保持安静!在开会期间是不被允许交谈的。talking和allow为被动关系,应用现在时的被动语态,其结构是be done的形式,根据“Keep quiet, please!”可知,这里不允许交谈,是否定形式。故选D。
19.D
【解析】句意:让孩子们整天学习是错的。
考查被动语态。根据“It’s wrong that the children…all day.”可知,此处是孩子被让,be made to do sth“被迫做某事”。故选D。
20.B
【解析】句意:你认为这座桥会在一年后完工吗?
考查动词时态和语态。根据“in a year ”并结合语境可知,该句是一般将来时,主语“the bridge”与“complete”之间存在被动关系,因此设空处是一般将来时的被动语态,结构是will be done。故选B。
21.C
【解析】句意:电话是由贝尔在多年前发明的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“many years ago”可知,时态是一般过去时,telephone和invent之间是被动关系,因此空处要用一般过去时的被动语态,Bell是动作的发出者,其前要介词by,故选C。
22.C
【解析】句意:众所周知,今天的香港是一个吃东西的好地方。
考查被动语态。主语与动词know之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态,说明一般情况、事实,所以用一般现在时,一般现在时的被动语态结构为:am/is/are+动词的过去分词,C选项符合。故选C。
23.C
【解析】句意:——看,你做了什么?——对不起,我想如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。
考查被动语态和时态。本句主语是I,谓语动词是give,主谓之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故选C。
24.B
【解析】句意:我想知道下个月是否举行英语歌唱比赛。
考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“next month”可知,应该使用一般将来时,根据“an English Singing Competition”和“hold”之间构成被动可知,应该使用一般将来时被动语态。故选B。
25.C
【解析】句意;据说世界三分之二的水都被污染。
考查分词的表达和主谓一致。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。表达“三分之二” 用“two thirds”。“分数 of+名词”做主语时根据名词来判断谓语动词的单复数,“water”是不可数名词,表示“被污染”用“is polluted”。故选C。
26.D
【解析】句意:森林里充满了惊喜。
考查被动语态。was full充满的;full充满的;has filled现在完成时;was filled一般过去时的被动语态。be full of/be filled with“充满……”,空后是with,所以用be filled with。故选D。
27.C
【解析】句意:如果我们下周举办聚会,就会有事情发生。
考查if条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句时态是一般将来时,且“happen”是用主动形式表示被动意义,没有被动语态。故选C。
28.A
【解析】句意:丝绸之路主要是为商业而建的。许多中国的东西都是通过它卖到西方国家的。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,“Many Chinese things”和“sell”构成被动关系,而根据“The Silk Road is mainly built for business.”可知,该句为一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语为复数,be动词用are,故选A。
29.C
【解析】句意:制造火药的方法是在14世纪传到欧洲的。
考查被动语态。主语“The method of making gunpowder”与动词bring存在被动关系,且根据“in the 14th century”判断时态为一般过去时,故此处要用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done;主语“The method of making gunpowder”为单数,故应用was。故选C。
30.A
【解析】句意:这所学校的学生被允许选择他们自己的校服。
考查被动语态。allow是动词,意为“允许”;主语the students和谓语动词allow之间为被动关系,被动语态的结构为be+动词的过去分词。故选A。
31.B
【解析】句意:玻璃杯碎了。今天早上小汤姆把它弄坏了。
考查被动语态及时态。根据语境可知,第一空表示当下玻璃杯碎掉的状态,故应用“is +形容词”的系表结构。第二空根据“by little Tom”提示,此处应用被动语态,且时间状语为“this morning”,表示发生过的事应用一般过去时,故第二空应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选B。
32.C
【解析】句意:我不高兴,因为我不被允许玩电脑游戏。
考查被动语态的否定形式。“I”与“allow”为被动关系,且根据“I’m unhappy”可知,不被允许玩电脑游戏,为否定被动,其结构为:be+not+done。故选C。
33.C
【解析】句意:我们学校要求学生穿校服。
考查动词辨析。ought to应该;asked询问;requred to要求。根据“Students in our school are ... wear uniforms.”可推出被要求穿校服,be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”。故选C。
34.D
【解析】句意:当我还是个孩子的时候,我的一些零花钱被用来买毛绒玩具动物。
考查时态和被动语态。uses使用,一般现在时;is used被使用,一般现在时的被动语态;used使用,一般过去时;was used被使用,一般过去时的被动语态。分析题干可知,主语“some of my pocket money”和动词“use”之间是被动关系,结合“When I was a kid”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
35.B
【解析】句意:——看,多么古老的一座房子啊!看起来太棒了!——是啊,它是大约800年前建成的。
考查动词时态用法。本句主语it (house)与谓语动词build构成逻辑上的动宾关系,并结合800 years ago为过去的时间状语,所以设空处需使用一般过去时的被动语态结构。故选B。
36.B
【解析】句意:成立了一个组织来帮助贫困地区的儿童。
考查动词短语。put up张贴;set up创立,设立(主要用于组织、机构、学校等);built建造(侧重施工建筑)。根据“An organization was...to help the children in poor areas.”可知,此处指设立或成立一个组织,主语“organization”和动词短语“set up”之间是被动关系,应用被动语态“be done”,空处应是set up。故选B。
37.B
【解析】句意:——这部电影叫《白雪公主》吗?——不,不是。
考查一般疑问句的助动词。the film与call之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,根据“No, it isn’t.”可知,疑问句第一空助动词用is,所以是一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句。故选B。
38.D
【解析】句意:上个月,高淳区小麦顺利收获4.5万亩,形成了一片繁忙的收获景象。
考查被动语态。根据“last month”可知,此句是一般过去时,主语“45,000 mu of wheat”与动词harvest之间是被动关系,此处用一般过去时被动语态,故选D。
39.B
【解析】句意:旅行者被困在山顶,他们打110寻求帮助。
考查被动语态。句子主语“The travelers”与动词“trap”之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态,由后句的动词“called”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动,结构为“was/were+过去分词”,故选B。
40.D
【解析】句意:尽量在票卖完之前买一张。
考查被动语态。before引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主语tickets与动词sell out之间是被动关系,所以从句用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构,故选D。
41.B
【解析】句意:冬天山上总是覆盖着雪。它看起来更漂亮。
考查被动语态。cover with覆盖。根据题干“In winter the hill always ________snow.”可知,hill是动词cover的受动者,需用“be done”被动语态结构,可排除后两项。结合“It looks more beautiful.”是一般现在时,可知用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
42.B
【解析】句意:——你没看到右边“禁止停车”的标志吗?——对不起,我没有看到。但是现在我知道这里不允许停车。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“parking”和谓语“allow允许”之间是被动关系,且根据“now”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选B。
43.C
【解析】句意:——我应该什么时候交作业?——下课铃一响,你就必须交作业。
考查被动语态与as soon as的用法。主语homework与动词hand in之间是被动关系,结合must可知,第一空用含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be done的结构。as soon as引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时,故选C。
44.C
【解析】句意:艾米被邀请去聚会。她和我们玩得很开心。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“She had a wonderful time with us”可知应用一般过去时,而主语Amy和谓语动词invite“邀请”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”,故选C。
45.A
【解析】句意:吉尔伯特发现了电,电灯是爱迪生发明的。
考查动词辨析及被动语态。discover发现,指发现自然界中早就存在的东西;invent发明,指创造出原本不存在的东西。根据“electricity”可知,电是自然本身存在的,应用discover,排除选项B、C;根据“electric light”可知,电灯本身不存在,应用invent,且此处主语与谓语动词是被动关系,应用被动语态,结构为“be done”。故选A。
46.A
【解析】句意:我想你丢失的钢笔可能被留在你家的沙发上了。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。may可能;should应该。根据“I think your lost pen ... on the sofa in your home.”可知,用情态动词may表示推测,结合从句主语“your lost pen”可知,此处是指钢笔被留在沙发上了,所以用被动语态“be done”。故选A。
47.B
【解析】句意:世界上第一份报纸由罗马人出版。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。publish出版;keep保持。根据“The world’s first newspaper ... by Romans.”可知,物作主语,用被动语态,且发生在过去,要用一般过去时,所以空处应用一般过去时的被动语态,此处指的是“报纸被发明”,应用publish,故选B。
48.D
【解析】句意:——我认为16岁的人不应该被允许开车。——我同意。在那个年纪他们不够严肃。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态的用法。“allow”和“ sixteen -year -olds”是动宾关系,用被动语态。根据句意可知16岁的人“不应该”被允许开车,故情态动词用should,故选D。
49.D
【解析】句意:宠物狗需要经常清洗。
考查主动表被动。根据“Pet dogs need...”可知宠物狗需要被清洗,用结构need doing sth.,主动表被动。故选D。
50.D
【解析】句意:——你读过《格列佛游记》这本小说吗?——是的。它读起来很好。
考查主动表被动的用法。此处read是描述主语的特征的不及物动词,应用主动表被动,表示现在的情况,用一般现在时,主语是It,谓语动词用单三。故选D。
51.B
【解析】句意:下一届夏季奥运会将于2024年在巴黎举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。结合句中“in 2024”可知,奥运会还未举办,故应使用一般将来时;“奥运会”与“举办”之间为被动关系,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为will be done。故选B。
52.A
【解析】句意:这本书被认为是世界上最伟大的书之一。
考查被动语态。be thought to do…“被认为……”,结合语境,表示“这本书被认为是……”,用is thought to be。故选A。
53.A
【解析】句意:由于十分钟前下雨,足球赛取消了。
考查被动语态。句子主语“The football game”与动词之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,结合“ten minutes ago”可知,应用一般过去时的被动,故选A。
54.B
【解析】句意:每年这儿周围种植很多树,现在我们就能够享受更新鲜的空气了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语是trees是谓语plant的承受者,用被动语态,动词用过去分词:planted;由句中关键词every year可知本题用一般现在时态。故选B。
55.A
【解析】句意:丝绸比棉摸起来舒服。
考查感官系动词。feel为感官系动词,用主动形式表达被动含义,因此排除D项。句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时,因此排除C项。主语是第三人称单数,动词用单三形式,故选A。
56.A
【解析】句意:棉花生长在中国的东南部。
考查被动语态和主谓一致。主语cotton和谓语grow之间是动宾关系,指棉花被种,所以用被动语态,且主语是不可数名词,所以be动词用is。故选A。
57.B
【解析】句意:——原谅我。我们什么时候可以在球场打羽毛球?——要等到下周修好。
考查一般现在时被动语态。until引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主语it与动词repair是被动关系,所以此空应填一般现在时被动语态,故选B。
58.B
【解析】句意:中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。
考查动词词义辨析。found发现,find的过去分词;founded建立,found的过去分词;appeared出现,appear的过去分词;began开始,begin的过去式。分析句子结构可知,此题为过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were done。根据“on October 1st, 1949”可知,中华人民共和国在1949年10月1日被建立。故选B。
59.D
【解析】句意:比萨是我妈妈做的。你想要一些吗?
考查被动语态。makes制作,为单三形式,用于一般现在时;was making,用于过去进行时;made为过去式,可用于一般过去时;was made为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The pizza”和“my mother”可知,两者之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,一般过去时的被动语态结构是:was/were+动词的过去分词,结合选项,只有选项D是一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
60.A
【解析】句意:棉花生长在中国的东南部。
考查被动语态及主谓一致。主语Cotton“棉花”和动词grow“种植”是被动关系,被动语态结构为“be done”,排除选项C、D;且主语为第三人称单数,此处be动词应用is。故选A。
61.D
【解析】句意:如果你能来,我将带你到我的家乡走走。
考查动词时态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,be able to do sth.表示“能够做某事”,固定短语,主语是you,所以be动词用are,故选D。
62.B
【解析】句意为:无论我们将遇到多少困难,我相信最终所有的问题都会得到解决。
考查被动语态和动词辨析。solve解决;answer回答;根据句意可知,此处指的是问题会解决,句子主语problems与动词solve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,此处是情态动词的被动,结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”,故选B。
63.C
【解析】句意:——爸爸,请打开门。门被锁了。——好的。我来了。
考查一般过去时被动语态。主语“door”与动词“lock”是被动关系,且“锁门”这个动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时被动语态,结构为was/were done,主语door是单数,系动词用was,故选C。
64.D
【解析】句意:必须要照顾好新生婴儿。
考查动词短语和语态。look看;look after照顾。根据“Newborn babies must...”及常识可知,应是新生儿必须被照顾好,主语与look after之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,句中含有情态动词must,所以结构为must be done,故选D。
65.C
【解析】句意:如果种更多的树,我们的城市将越来越漂亮。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句中信息可知,该句是含有if引导的条件状语从句,其时态原则是“主将从现”,主句“our city will be more and more beautiful”是一般将来时态,故if从句应用一般现在时态;在if从句中,主语“more trees”与动词plant构成被动关系“更多的树被种植”;因此从句应该用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为:am/is/are+动词过去分词,主语more trees为复数,所以be动词用are,plant的过去分词是planted。故选C。
66.A
【解析】句意:——我发现你在网上买的裙子卖得很好,所以我想买一件。——恐怕你来晚了一点。上周就卖光了。
考查被动语态。sell“卖”,后面有副词修饰时通常用主动形式表被动,排除B选项;sell out“卖光”,动词短语,有被动语态。根据“It ... last week.”可知,第二空指裙子被卖光了,且时态为一般过去时,故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
67.A
【解析】句意:中国新年被称为春节。人们经常吃饺子。
考查时态和语态辨析。根据“Chinese New Year ... the Spring Festival.”可知是被称为春节,用被动语态;此处表示一般事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。
68.B
【解析】句意:——看!我穿这条裙子行吗?——恐怕你出现在仪式上时将被赶出大门。
考查被动语态。show sb. the gate“让某人出去”,分析句子结构可知主语you和show the gate是之间是被动关系,“你”是被赶出去的,根据“I’m afraid...”可知句子是将来时态,用一般将来时的被动语态:will be done。故选B。
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