【弯道超车】Unit 3 Curious minds 核心语法之被动语态-2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 3 Curious minds 核心语法之被动语态-2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年沪教版(五四学制)(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 3 Curious minds
核心语法:被动语态
一、被动语态的核心概念
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调"动作本身"而非"执行者"。
使用场景:
不知道/不需要说明执行者
强调动作承受者
客观陈述事实
二、被动语态的结构公式
be + 及物动词的过去分词(V-ed)
时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句(被动)
一般现在时 She cleans the room. The room is cleaned (by her). English is spoken worldwide.
一般过去时 He wrote a letter. A letter was written (by him). The book was published in 2020.
一般将来时 They will build a bridge. A bridge will be built (by them). The project will be completed soon.
现在进行时 I am reading a book. A book is being read (by me). The roads are being repaired.
现在完成时 We have finished the work. The work has been finished (by us). The documents have been signed.
三、被动语态的句式转换
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + be + V-ed + (by...) The song was composed by Jay Chou.
否定句 主语 + be + not + V-ed + (by...) The letter wasn't sent yesterday.
一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + V-ed + (by...) Is the museum visited by many tourists
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 + V-ed + (by...) When was the building constructed
四、使用被动语态的三大场景
1、执行者未知或不重要
My bike was stolen yesterday.(不知道谁偷的)
2、强调动作承受者
The new library will be opened next month.(关注图书馆而非建造者)
3、客观描述科学事实/新闻报道
Rice is grown in southern China.
五、易错点突破
1、不及物动词无被动语态
The accident was happened last night.
The accident happened last night.
2、双宾语动词的被动转换
主动:He gave me a book.
被动1:I was given a book.
被动2:A book was given to me.
3、情态动词的被动结构
结构:情态动词 + be + V-ed
例:This work must be finished today.
4、主动表被动的特殊情况
The book sells well.(sell, read, wash等动词主动形式可表被动意义)
1.The book business @ the Speed of Thought in 1999.
A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written
2.The work ________ finished in two hours.
A.is B.was C.will be
3.---Tom, did you go to Sally’s party yesterday evening
----No, because I _________.
A.am invited
B.was invited
C.am not invited
D.wasn’t invited
4.A lot of things by people to protect the environment next year.
A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done
5.—How often do I need to feed the dog
—It ________ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A.must give B.must be give
C.must gave D.must be given
6.The man ________ last ________ this home at about 7 A.m.
A.was;seen leaving
B.did;see left
C.has;seen leave
D.was;seen leave
7.The meeting will ________ at 8 o’clock.
A.be held B.hold C.takes place D.be taken place
8.These books should______ to the library on time.
A.send B.be returned C.give back D.return
9.A new building ________ in our school next year.
A.will be built B.is built C.is being built D.has been built
10.The Suzhou Garden about all over the world.
A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known
11.— Wow, this plastic bag looks so special!
— Yes, it is. It ________ from fish!
A.made B.is made C.will be made
12.My mother told me that my homework must ________ on time.
A.finish B.be finish C.be finished D.finished
13.—Your city looks beautiful!
—Yes. Lots of trees and grass ______ last year.
A.are planted B.have planted C.were planting D.were planted
14.How many trees last year
A.were planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted
15.—Look at the sign on the right!
—Oh, smoking _________ here.
A.isn’t allowed B.doesn’t allow C.didn’t allow D.don’t allow
16.The task ________ in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.
A.was finished B.will be finished C.has been finished D.can’t be finished
17.The birthday present ________ by my mother.
A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.are sent
18.—Last month China hosted BRF for International Cooperation(一带一路高峰会议)successfully.
—Yes, thousands of foreign guests ________ to the meeting.
A.invited B.are invited
C.were invited D.will invite
19.Something ________ if we have the party next week.
A.happens B.is happened C.will happen D.will be happened
20. —When will the railway that connects the two cities open
— next year. Only two thirds been built.
A.Until; has B.Until; have
C.Not until; has D.Not until; have
21.We are glad that a famous writer ________ to our school to give a talk next week.
A.invites B.invited C.will be invited D.was invited
22.John _______to come to the teacher’s office just now. He may be in trouble.
A.was told B.told C.has told D.tells
23.It's said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two third; has B.two thirds; have C.two thirds; is
24.Many modern trains in the world __________ in Zhuzhou.
A.are creating B.created C.are created
25.The important meeting ______ on a cold morning last year.
A.was have B.was held
C.held D.had
26.Your bike ________ at Jim's.
A.can mend B.can mended C.can be mend D.can be mended
27.The forest ________ with surprises.
A.was full B.full C.has filled D.was filled
28.The more fruit they picked, the more money they _________.
A.paid B.pay C.had paid D.were paid
29.— Can you finish the job alone — I am sure I can if I ______ one more hour.
A.give B.will give C.am given D.gave
30.—The streets in our city are always clean.
—You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A.have cleaned B.will clean C.are cleaning D.are cleaned
31.Keep quiet, please! Talking __________ during the meeting.
A.doesn’t allow B.is allowed C.allows D.isn’t allowed
32.Many things in the museum were ________ last week.
A.steal B.stole C.stolen D.stealing
33. Look. How clean the window is! It ________ just now.
A.was cleaned B.is cleaned
C.has been cleaned D.will be cleaned
34.The light bulb ________ by Thomas Edison.
A.invented B.is invented C.was invented D.inventing
35.—China’s 23rd Beidou Satellite __________ into space on June 12, 2016.
—As Chinese, we are proud of it.
A.has sent B.is sent
C.will send D.was sent
36.We’re so busy that we forget to feed the fishes. I think the fishes will be _______ if we don’t feed them today.
A.do for B.did for C.done for D.done with
37.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ______ in a minute.
A.has learnt B.has been learnt C.can learn D.can be learned
38.The pet dog is warm and loving. It _________ as a son of my family.
A.treats B.is treated C.treated D.was treated
39.The lights must ________ before you leave the classroom.
A.turn on B.turn off
C.be turned on D.be turned off
40.— In our English class, we________ express our opinions freely.
— That’s good. This is the best way to practice the language you learn.
A.are told to B.tell to C.are told D.tell
41.Pet dogs need _______ often.
A.wash B.to wash C.washes D.washing
42.UNICEF was _________ in l946 to improve children's lives after World War II.
A.given up B.put up C.set up D.got up
43.The People’s Republic of China was ________ on October 1st, 1949.
A.found B.founded C.appeared D.began
44.The Yellow River ________ flood large areas, but now its water is used to ________ electricity.
A.was used to; producing B.used to; produce C.was used to; produce D.used to; product
45.—Your classroom looks so clean and tidy.
—Yes,it every day.
A.cleans B.is cleaned
C.cleaned D.was cleaned
46.【2016河南中考】 We are going to take the high-speed train to Xi'an tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station____________ .
A.advises B.is advised C.is advising D.was advised
47.The bear ________ to the zoo tomorrow morning.
A.may be send B.may is sent C.may be sent D.is may sent
48.Miss Zhang ____ by all of us because her classes are always
____ and interesting.
A.loves; lovely B.loves; lively
C.is loved; lively D.is loved; lovely
49.— When did Yao Ming enter the NBA
— Well, he _________ a chance to play for an NBA team until he helped Shanghai Sharks win the CBA champion in 2002.
A.was offered B.wasn’t offered C.hasn’t offered D.has offered
50.You’ll ________ to join the party if your homework ________.
A.ask, do B.be asked, is done
C.asked, did D.be asked to, is done
51.I ________ stay up until 12:00 p.m. last night.
A.is allowed to B.was allowed to C.allowed to D.was allowed
52.—Don’t forget to come to our school assembly (集会) tomorrow morning.
—I won’t. I ________ just now.
A.reminded B.was reminded
C.reported D.was reported
53.The waiter ________ to be the manager because he did everything ________.
A.chose; carefully B.was chosen; carefully
C.chose; careful D.was chosen; careful
54.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all the problems can ________ in the end.
A.solve B.be solved C.answer D.be answered
55.The projects (方案) ________ from 80 special ideas to create an unusual living space.
A.are choosed B.are chosen C.choose
56.(预测点3) When _______the building ___________
A.is; built B.was; built C.is; builded D.was; builded
57.This school has not enough good teachers, so the number of the students here ________ every year.
A.are reduced B.reduce C.is reduced D.reduces
58.During the Tang Dynasty, nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A.should been found B.could be found C.had been found D.must be found
59.Mike wasn’t at home yesterday. He ________ to help with Jenny’s English.
A.was asking B.is asked C.is asking D.was asked
60.A year has four seasons, and it ________ twelve star signs.
A.divide into B.is divided into C.was divided D.divided into
61.A beautiful dress ______ in the window of the shopping mall
A.hangs B.hung C.is hanged D.is hung
62.New technology____________to stop the students from cheating in the exam last year.
A.is used B.used C.was used
63.So far, the moon ________ by man already.
A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited
64.The latest mobile phone in China.
A.will make B.has made C.is making D.is made
65.—Is there a sports meeting in your school
—Yes.It    in November every year.
A.holds B.held C.will be held D.is held
66.A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school hall next week.
A.is given B.has been given
C.will be given D.gives
67.The pizza ________ by my mother. Would you like to have some
A.makes B.was making C.made D.was made
68.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _____ in a short time.
A.can be learned B.has been learned
C.can learn D.has learned
69.—I like this handbag. How much is it
—Only 200 yuan. It ________ well in our shop.
A.sells B.is sold C.sold D.is selling
70.Nick ________ a job in a bank, but he didn’t take it.
A.is offered B.offered C.was offered D.has offered
71.The telephone________ by the well-known scientist, Alexander Graham Bell.
A.invented B.inventing C.was invented D.invent
72.—The number of old people in China is increasing rapidly.
—I believe they ________ better care of in the future with the development of our country.
A.can take B.are taking C.are taken D.can be taken
73.A new primary school _________ in this village next year.
A.will build B.will be built C.is built D.is building
74.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.
A.offer B.offered C.are offering D.are offered
75.A lot of trees _____ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.
A.were planted B.are planted C.will plant D.are planting
76.In the old days, they ______ in the factory from morning to night.
A.were made to work B.asked to work C.made to work D.was asked to work
77.Family values can ________ from generation to generation.
A.be passed down B.be passed by C.pass down D.pass by
78.— The trees in the photo look so wonderful。
the photo
— In my hometown. It is a place of natural beauty.
A.Where did; take B.Where was; taken
C.When did; take D.When; was taken
79.These kinds of shoes ________ well.
A.were not sold B.won't be sold C.are not sold D.don't sell
80. Last March, many trees ________ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A.were planted B.were planting C.had planted D.planted
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.D
【解析】句意:《思考的速度》一书是1999年写的。A. writes动词的第三人称单数形式; B.is written一般现在时态的被动语态;C. wrote动词的过去式;D. was written一般过去时态的被动语态。根据句子的主语为动作的承受者,句子要用被动语态;由时间状语in 1999可知,句子应为一般过去时,因此选was written。故选D。
2.C
【解析】句意:这项工作将在两小时内完成。
考查时态和语态。“in two hours”是一般将来时的标志词;且主语“The work”和动词之间是被动语态,需用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)。故选C。
3.D
【解析】试题分析:上文,汤姆,昨天晚上你去了萨莉的晚会吗?下文,没有,因为我没被邀请。应填被动语态的否定形式,上下文语境时态为过去时,故选D。
考点:考查被动语态
4.D
【解析】句意:明年,人们会做许多事情来保护环境。此题考查语态时态。A现在进行时,正在做; B,现在进行时的被动语态:正在被做;C现在完成时的被动语态:已经被做; D一般将来时的被动语态:将要被做。因为事情things是主语,与do之间的关系为被动关系,所以用被动语态,又因next year为将来时标志,故选D。
5.D
【解析】试题分析:句意:—我需要多久喂一次狗?—必须每天给它食物,否则它会饿的。根据句意及题干分析此空应用被动语态,其基本结构是be+动词的过去分词,此题考查的是带有情态动词的被动语态,所以此题应选D。
【考点定位】考查被动语态的用法。
6.A
【解析】句意:那男子最后一次被看到是早晨七点离开家时。
考查被动语态和非谓语动词。谓语动词 see与句子主语man是被动关系,根据时间状语“at about 7 a. m. ”确定谓语动词用一般过去时被动语态。leave意为“离开”,在此表示当时正在发生的动作,故用现在分词作宾语补足语。此空故填was;seen leaving,故选A。
7.A
【解析】句意:会议将在8点举行。
考查被动语态。be held被举行(被动语态);hold举行(动词原形);takes place发生(主动形式,主语应为事件);be taken place错误表达(take place通常不用被动语态)。根据主语“The meeting”和谓语“hold”可知,此处表示“会议被举行”,构成被动关系,用be held符合语境。故选A。
8.B
【解析】句意:这些书应该(被)按时归还图书馆。
考查动词辨析、被动语态。A. send发送;B. be returned被归还;C. give back还给;D. return返回、送回;从文字的表层意思推断,句子的主语these books是动作的承受者(被归还),判断空格动词用被动语态;含有情态动词的被动语态的肯定句构成为“主语+情态动词+be+过去分词”,故选B。
9.A
【解析】句意:明年我们学校将建一座新大楼。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。will be built一般将来时,被动;is built一般现在时,被动;is being built现在进行时,被动;has been built现在完成时,被动。根据“A new building…in our school next year.”可知句中next year是一般将来时的时间标志词,故此句要用一般将来时,因新的建筑作主语,故此句要用被动语态,故选A。
10.C
【解析】句意:苏州园林是世界闻名的园林。
A:一般现在时的主动语态;B:一般过去时的主动语态;C:一般现在时的被动语态;D:一般过去时的被动语态。首先:苏州园林是世界闻名的园林是一个事实,故应该使用一般现在时;因此B、D选项直接排除;又因为"园林"与"知道;了解"之间是被动关系,故应该使用被动语态;因此A选项排,故选C。
11.B
【解析】句意:——哇,这个塑料袋看起来如此特别!——是的。它是用鱼做成的。
考查动词。此句描述一般的状态,用一般现在时态;句子主语it指代“this plastic bag”,塑料袋和动词make之间是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动is made。故选B。
12.C
【解析】句意:我妈妈告诉我我的作业必须准时完成。
考查被动语态。主语my homework是finish的承受者,故用被动语态(be done)。故选C。
13.D
【解析】句意:——你们的城市看起来很漂亮!——是的。去年种了许多树和草。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据last year可知,句子用一般过去时;主语trees and grass与动词plant之间是被动关系,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
14.A
【解析】句意:去年种了多少棵树?首先根据句中时间状语last year,判断句子中的谓语动词的时态用一般过去时,主语 trees是谓语动词plant的承受者,二者形成被动关系,故用被动语态,故谓语动词为一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为:was/were+及物动词的过去分词,主语是复数名词,be动词用were,plant 的过去分词为planted,此空故填were planted,故选A。
15.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:看右边的标志。哦,这里不允许吸烟。smoking是allow这一动作的承受者,故用被动语态。描述标志内容,常用一般现在时。根据该标志可知是否定意思,所以选A。
考点:考查一般现在时被动语态。
16.B
【解析】句意:这个任务一小时之后将会被完成。然后我们可以回家好好休息。
考查动词时态。根据“in an hour”可知,时态用一般将来时,主语“The task”与finish之间是被动关系,用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选B。
17.C
【解析】句意:这个生日礼物是我妈妈送的。
考查动词被动语态。根据“The birthday present”可知,主语是生日礼物,是动作的承受者,而宾语“ my mother”是动作的发出者,需用被动语态来表达,被动语态结构为“be done ”。又因主语是单数,则be动词用is。故选C。
18.C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知guests和invite是动宾关系,时间是Last month,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
19.C
【解析】句意:如果我们下周举办聚会,就会有事情发生。
考查if条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,因此主句时态是一般将来时,且“happen”是用主动形式表示被动意义,没有被动语态。故选C。
20.C
【解析】句意:--连接这两座城市的铁路什么时候开通?--明年才开通。这段铁路只修了三分之二。
until 直到……时候;根据句意可知,直到明年铁路才能开通,因此应该用否定形式not until,直到……时候,才……;第二个空前的主语是two thirds,意思是三分之二的铁路,railway是单数形式,故动词也应该用单数,故选C。
21.C
【解析】试题分析:句意:我们很高兴下周一位著名作家将被邀请到我们学校作报告。主语是动作的承受者,动词为被动语态,其构成助动词be+done。根据其前助动词will,可知句子为一般将来时,其构成助动词will+do。一般将来时被动语态构成助动词will+be+done。结合句意,故选C。
22.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:刚才John被告诉来老师办公室。他可能要处于困境了。此题考查被动语态,根据句意,应选A。
考点:考查被动语态。
23.C
【解析】句意;据说世界三分之二的水都被污染。
考查分词的表达和主谓一致。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。表达“三分之二” 用“two thirds”。“分数 of+名词”做主语时根据名词来判断谓语动词的单复数,“water”是不可数名词,表示“被污染”用“is polluted”。故选C。
24.C
【解析】句意:世界上许多现代的火车在株洲被创造。
根据主语many modern trains与create之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结构是be+过去分词;are creating现在进行时态;created一般过去时态;are created一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
25.B
【解析】句意:这个重要会议在去年的一个寒冷的上午举行了。
根据主语The important meeting和hold之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结构是be+过去分词;根据last year可知用一般过去时态;was held被举行(过去时态的被动语态),held举行(过去式),had举行(过去式);故选B。
【点睛】被动语态的各个时态。1)一般现在时态的被动语态的结构是am /is are+done,例如:I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2)一般过去时态的被动语态的结构是were/was+done,例如:A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的被动语态的结构是have/has been+done 例如:This book has been translated into Chiese. 4) 一般将来时态的被动语态的结构是will be+ done, 例如:Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的被动语态的结构是am/is/are+being+done, 例如:My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
26.D
【解析】句意:你的自行车能在吉姆那里修理。根据Your bike和mend之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态结构是:情态动词+be+过去分词;故选D
27.D
【解析】句意:森林里充满了惊喜。
考查被动语态。was full充满的;full充满的;has filled现在完成时;was filled一般过去时的被动语态。be full of/be filled with“充满……”,空后是with,所以用be filled with。故选D。
28.D
【解析】句意:摘的水果越多, 他们被支付的薪水就越多。
考查被动语态。谓语动词pay与主语they之间是被动关系,且句子时态是一般过去时,were符合句意,故选D。
29.C
【解析】句意:——你能独立完成这项工作吗?——如果再给我一小时我确信我能。根据主语I和give之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除A/D;根据if引导的条件状语不用将来时态,用一般现在时态来代替;故选C
【点睛】被动语态的各个时态。1)一般现在时态的 am /is are+done,例如:I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2)一般过去时态的 were/was+done,例如:A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的 have/has been+done 例如:This book has been translated into Chiese. 4) 一般将来时态的 will be+ done, 例如:Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的 am/is/are+being+done, 例如:My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
30.D
【解析】句意:——我们城市的街道总是很干净。——你知道它们每天都由勤劳的清洁工打扫。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every day”可知,此处是一般现在时。主语they指代“the streets”,与动词clean之间是被动关系,所以此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构,故选D。
31.D
【解析】句意:请保持安静!在开会期间是不被允许交谈的。talking和allow为被动关系,应用现在时的被动语态,其结构是be done的形式,根据“Keep quiet, please!”可知,这里不允许交谈,是否定形式。故选D。
32.C
【解析】句意:博物馆的许多东西上周被偷了。Asteal动词原形 Bstole过去式; Cstolen过去分词; Dstealing现在分词或动名词形式。本题考查一般过去时被动语态。根据主语Many things in the museum和steal之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结构是be+过去分词;steal的过去分词stolen;故选C
33.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:看,窗户是多么的干净呀!它刚才被擦过。题目中有明确的时间状语just now刚刚,句子用一般过去时;it指代the window,所以句子要用被动形式。句意:窗户多干净啊!是的,它刚刚被打扫过。故选A。
考点:考查被动语态
34.C
【解析】句意:灯泡是由托马斯爱迪生发明的。
考查时态和语态。The light bulb是被发明的,所以用被动语态,且动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were done。故选C。
35.D
【解析】句意:——在2016年6月12日中国的第23颗北斗卫星被发送到太空。——作为中国人,我们感到骄傲。
考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。根据on June 12, 2016.可知此处是已经发生的事,故用一般过去时。故选D。
36.D
【解析】句意:我们太忙了,忘了喂鱼。我想如果我们今天不喂鱼的话,鱼就完了。
考查动词短语辨析。do for对……有效,原形;did for一般过去时;done for 现在完成时; be done with 处理掉,完了;由上文“We’re so busy that we forget to feed the fishes.”可知“没空喂鱼”,根据空格下文“we don’t feed them today.”,推断空格指“今天再不喂鱼,鱼就会死掉”;故选D。
37.D
【解析】句意:多亏了互联网,不同种类的信息可以在一分钟内学到。
考查动词时态。根据“different kinds of information”可知,information与learn之间存在被动关系,指的是“不同种类的信息一分钟内能被学到”,排除选项A、C;该句描述客观事实,为一般现在时,排除B。故选D。
38.B
【解析】句意:这只宠物狗既温暖又可爱。它被当作我家的儿子。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“It”和谓语“treat”是被动关系,需用被动语态;根据“The pet dog is warm and loving. It…as a son of my family.”可知,本句需用一般现在时。综合以上,此空需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
39.D
【解析】句意:离开教室前必须把灯关掉。
考查动词短语以及被动语态。turn on打开;turn off关闭。根据句意可知这里指灯被关掉,用被动语态be+过去分词。因为空前前有情态动词must,因此这里的be用动词原形。故选D。
40.A
【解析】句意:——在我们的英语课上,我们被告诉自由表达观点。——那太好了,这是练习你学的语言的最好方式。根据主语we和tell之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除B/D;根据tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,故选A
41.D
【解析】句意:宠物狗需要经常清洗。
考查主动表被动。根据“Pet dogs need...”可知宠物狗需要被清洗,用结构need doing sth.,主动表被动。故选D。
42.C
【解析】句意:联合国儿童基金会成立于1946年,致力于改善第二次世界大战后儿童的生活。A. given up放弃;B. put up张贴;C. set up建立、成立;D. got up起床。UNICEF是一个国际组织,根据to improve children's lives,为了改善孩子们的生活,可知应该是指联合国儿童基金会成立了,结合选项,可知C选项set up“建立、成立”符合题意,故答案选C。
点睛:分析句子结构可知主语UNICEF是动作set up的承受者,句子应该用被动语态,1946年是一个过去的时间,所以本句应使用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为were/was+动词的过去分词。由句意可知set up“建立,成立”符合题意,set的过去分词形式是原形,故答案选C。
43.B
【解析】句意:中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。
考查动词词义辨析。found发现,find的过去分词;founded建立,found的过去分词;appeared出现,appear的过去分词;began开始,begin的过去式。分析句子结构可知,此题为过去时态的被动语态,结构为was/were done。根据“on October 1st, 1949”可知,中华人民共和国在1949年10月1日被建立。故选B。
44.B
【解析】句意:黄河过去淹没了大片地区,但现在它的水被用来发电。
考查use的用法。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”;be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”;be used to do sth“被用来做某事”。根据“flood large areas, but now”可知在过去,黄河淹没了大片地区,用used to do sth;第二空根据“its water is used to...electricity.”可知黄河的水被用来发电,用be used to do sth,故选B。
45.B
【解析】句意:——你的教室看起来如此干净整洁。——是的,它每天都被打扫。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. cleans第三人称单数;B. is cleaned一般现在时的被动语态;C. cleaned过去式或过去分词;D. was cleaned一般过去时的被动语态。根据语境可知教室是被打扫的,所以应使用被动语态,再由句中的every day,可知使用一般现在时的被动语态;故答案选B。
46.B
【分析】考点:考查被动语态的用法。
【解析】试题分析:句意:明天我们要坐高铁去西安,所以建议早到车站。结合句意,主语an early arrival与动词advise之间是被动语态,根据句意可知用一般现在时态;故选B。
47.C
【解析】句意:明天早晨这只熊可能被送到动物园。
考查含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“The bear…to the zoo tomorrow morning.”可知,主语The bear与动词send存在被动关系, 句子应用被动语态,被动语态的构成为“be+动词的过去分词”,排除ABD选项,C选项是含有情态动词的被动语态,符合语境。故选C。
48.C
【解析】句意:张小姐被我们大家喜欢,因为她的班总是活泼而且有趣。love喜爱,是动词;lovely可爱的,是形容词;lively活跃的,是形容词;第一空根据by all of us可知表示被喜欢,故用被动语态,故排除AB两项。第二空表示她的课是活跃的,故用形容词lively。故选C。
49.B
【解析】句意:——姚明是什么时候进入NBA的?——嗯,他没有得到一个机会为NBA球队效力,直到他帮助上海大鲨鱼队赢得2002年CBA冠军。根据句意"姚明是什么时候进入NBA的?嗯,他没有得到一个机会为NBA球队效力,直到他帮助上海大鲨鱼赢得2002年CBA年冠军"。主语he他,是动作offer“提供”的承受者,因此用被动语态,事情发生在过去,因此用一般过去时态的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词的过去分词,因此C,D选项排除;结合语境应该是"没有得到机会…直到赢得冠军",用not…until…"直到…才"句型.因此用否定形式,所以A选项排除;故答案选B。
50.B
【分析】
【解析】句意:如果你的作业完成了,你就会被叫参加聚会。
考查被动语态。此题考查if引导的条件状语从句,主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,和被动语态。根据句意,故选B。
51.B
【解析】句意:昨晚我被允许熬夜到晚上12点。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。allow sb.to do sth.“允许某人做某事”,主语为I,与动词allow存在被动关系,其被动形式为sb.be allowed to do sth.。根据“last night”可知,句子应用一般过去时的被动语态,be动词应用was。故选B。
52.B
【解析】句意:——不要忘记来参加我们学校的聚会。——我不会忘记的。刚才我已经被提醒了。
考查被动语态。remind提醒;respect 尊敬;根据“I won’t. I... just now.”结合句意可知,此处表示刚才被提醒过了,且应该用被动语态。故选B。
53.B
【解析】句意:这个服务员被选为经理,因为他做每件事都很认真。
考查被动语态和副词用法。waiter和choose之间是动宾关系,用被动语态,第二个空是副词修饰动词。故选B。
54.B
【解析】句意为:无论我们将遇到多少困难,我相信最终所有的问题都会得到解决。
考查被动语态和动词辨析。solve解决;answer回答;根据句意可知,此处指的是问题会解决,句子主语problems与动词solve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,此处是情态动词的被动,结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”,故选B。
55.B
【解析】句意:为了创造不同寻常的生存空间,那个方案被从80个图书理念里选。结合句意,方案被选,故用被动语态,choose的过去分词是chose。故选B。
56.B
【解析】句意:这幢大楼是什么时候建造的?考查被动语态。the building是动词build的受动者,需用被动语态,即be+过去分词结构;根据句意语境,可知句子是一般过去时,the building是单数第三人称,系词需用was,故选B。
【点睛】上面三个题目主要考查动词(短语)的被动语态。需注意区分动词的受动者和施动者。受动者做句子主语时需用被动语态,需用be+过去分词结构,而be的选择需根据主语的数和句子时态加以确定。
57.C
【解析】句意:该校师资不够好,所以学生人数每年都在减少。
考查主谓一致和语态。are reduced是一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数;reduce减少,是动词原形;is reduced是一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数;reduces是动词的第三人称单数形式。句中the number of+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。reduce与主语呈被动关系,应用被动语态,故选C。
58.B
【解析】句意:在唐朝,在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。
考查情态动词的被动语态。根据主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系,此处表示能够被找到,结合“During the Tang Dynasty”可知,用过去式could表示“能够”,此处是含情态动词的被动语态,用could be found。故选B。
59.D
【解析】句意:迈克昨天不在家。他被要求去帮助珍妮学习英语了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Mike wasn’t at home yesterday. He … to help with Jenny’s English”可知,事情发生在昨天,应用一般过去时,迈克是被要求去的,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
60.B
【解析】句意:一年有四个季节,它被划分为十二星座。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。由“has”可知,时态是一般现在时;结合句意可知,“it”与“divide into”之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态,表示“一年被划分为十二个星座”;一般现在时的被动语态结构为:am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
61.D
【解析】句意:一件漂亮的衣服被挂在商场的橱窗里。
A.一般现在时;B.一般过去时;C.一般现在时的被动语态;D.一般现在时的被动语态。主语a beautiful dress与谓语hang“悬挂”之间为被动be done,排除A和B;当hang译为“悬挂”时,过去式与过去分词分别为hung,hung;若hang译为“绞死”时,过去式与过去分词分别为hanged, hanged。根据句意可知,译为“悬挂”,故选D。
62.C
【解析】be used to sth习惯于某事;used to do sth过去常常做某事. sth be used to do sth某物被用来做某事。句意:去年在考试用新技术被用来防止学生们在考试中作弊。结合语境可知选C。
考点:used用法
63.C
【解析】试题分析:句意:到目前为止,人类已经登上了月球。So far 引导的句型,一般用现在完成时,本句也是被动语态。故选C。
考点:考查时态和语态。
64.D
【解析】句意:最新的手机是在中国制造的。will make将会制造,一般将来时态;has made现在完成时态;is making现在进行时态;is made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,这句话的主语The latest mobile phone与谓语动词make之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,选项中只有D是被动形式,故选D。
65.D
【解析】试题分析:句意为:---你们学校有运动会吗?---有。每年11月份都举行。根据语境可知,这里指的是一个经常的、习惯性的动作,时态应用一般现在时。由于这里主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态,结合选项可知应选D。
考点:考查被动语态的用法。
66.C
【解析】句意:下周在学校礼堂将有一个有关中国历史的报告。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据语境可知,这里主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态。由于是一个即将发生的动作,应用一般将来时。故选C。
67.D
【解析】句意:比萨是我妈妈做的。你想要一些吗?
考查被动语态。makes制作,为单三形式,用于一般现在时;was making,用于过去进行时;made为过去式,可用于一般过去时;was made为一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The pizza”和“my mother”可知,两者之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,一般过去时的被动语态结构是:was/were+动词的过去分词,结合选项,只有选项D是一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
68.A
【解析】试题分析:考查被动语态的用法。句意:由于互联网。不同种类的信息能在短时间被了解。主语是kinds,是复数形式,因此不可能为has been learned。同时结合句意为可能被短时间内被了解,体现用情态动词can的被动语态。故选 A。
考点:考查被动语态的用法
69.A
【解析】句意:——我喜欢这个手提包。多少钱?——只要200元。它在我们店里卖得很好。
考查主动表被动的用法和时态。根据“It...well in our shop”可知此处指手提包卖得好,用主动表示被动,句子用一般现在时,主语是It,谓语动词用单三。故选A。
70.C
【解析】句意:银行提供给尼克一份工作,但他没有接受。
考查被动语态和时态。offer“提供”。is offered现在时的被动语态;offered过去式;was offered过去时的被动语态;has offered现在完成时。offer与主语Nick之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据didn’t可知是过去时。故选C。
71.C
【解析】句意:电话被著名的科学家亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的。根据句意,此处表示电话被发明,故用被动语态,故选C。
72.D
【解析】句意:——中国老年人的数量正在迅速增加。——我相信将来随着国家的发展,他们会得到更好的照顾。
考查含情态动词被动语态。根据上文“The number of old people in China is increasing rapidly.”可知,下文中They指代的是老年人,老人们会得到更好的照顾,此处是含情态动词被动语态,其结构是情态动词+be+done的形式。短语take care of...“照看,照顾”,take的过去分词是taken。故选D。
73.B
【解析】句意:一所新的小学明年将在这个村庄建成。
考查被动语态的用法。句中主语school是动词build的承受对象,是被动关系,应用被动语态;再根据句中时间状语 next year可知用一般将来时,故选B。
74.D
【解析】句意:在林老师的班上,学生们有很多互相学习的机会。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. offer动词原形;B. offered过去式;C. are offering现在进行时;D. are offered一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,chances和谓语offer之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态,故选D。
75.B
【解析】句意:每年这里周围种植大量的树,现在我们可以呼吸到更新鲜的空气了。
考查被动语态。主语trees是谓语动词plant的承受者,所以应该用被动语态be done,排除CD;又根据every year,可知是一般现在时,故选B。
76.A
【解析】句意:在过去的日子里,他们被迫使在工厂从早到晚地工作。
考查动词辨析和动词被动语态。make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,当sb.做主语时,用于被动语态be+过去分词,省略的to要添加上,变成sb. be made to do sth.意为“某人被要求做某事”,排除C;they和ask之间是被动关系,所以应用被动语态的结构,排除 B;they作主语,be动词用复数形式were,排除D; they与make之间是被动关系,表示“他们被迫工作”。故选A。
77.A
【解析】句意:家庭价值观可以代代相传。
考查动词短语及语态。pass down使流传;pass by路过。根据“Family values can ... from generation to generation”可知,此处指的是将家庭价值观流传下去,应该用pass down,主语与pass down是被动关系,应该用含情态动词的被动语态can be done。故选A。
78.B
【解析】句意:——照片里的树看起来好漂亮。这张照片是在哪里拍的 ——在我的家乡。它是一个自然风光秀丽的地方。考查疑问词和动词时态辨析。where问地点,when问时间;根据回答In my hometown.,可知问的是地点,需用where。the photo和take是被动关系,需用“be + done”被动语态结构,故选B。
79.D
【解析】句意:这种类型的鞋子卖得不好。A. were not sold一般过去时的被动语态;B. won't be sold一般将来时的被动语态;C. are not sold一般现在时的被动语态;D. don't sell一般现在时的主动语态。动词sell可以用主动形式表示被动的含义,故答案选D。
80.A
【解析】句意:去年三月,为了使我们的城市变得更加漂亮,沿街种植了很多树。
考查动词时态及语态。根据时间状语last March可知这里应该用一般过去时,故排除B、C;句子的主语trees与plant之间是被动语态,故选A。
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