Unit 7 Days and months知识点总结【完整版】2024新冀教版七年级英语上

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Unit 7 Days and months知识点总结【完整版】2024新冀教版七年级英语上

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2024新冀教版七年级英语上
Unit 7 Days and months
知识点总结
单词+短语+句子+语法
(2022新课标)
一、重点单词
1. 时间单位
1. day /de / n. 天
There are seven days in a week.
2. week /wi k/ n. 周
3. month /m nθ/ n. 月
4. year /j (r)/ n. 年
5. season / si zn/ n. 季节
6. century / sent ri/ n. 世纪
2. 星期名称
7. Monday / m nde / n. 星期一
8. Tuesday / tju zde / n. 星期二
9. Wednesday / wenzde / n. 星期三
10. Thursday / θ zde / n. 星期四
11. Friday / fra de / n. 星期五
12. Saturday / s t de / n. 星期六
13. Sunday / s nde / n. 星期日
3. 月份名称
14. January / d nju ri/ n. 一月
15. February / febru ri/ n. 二月
16. March /mɑ t / n. 三月
17. April / e pr l/ n. 四月
18. May /me / n. 五月
19. June /d u n/ n. 六月
20. July /d la / n. 七月
21. August / ɡ st/ n. 八月
22. September /sep temb (r)/ n. 九月
23. October / k t b (r)/ n. 十月
24. November /n vemb (r)/ n. 十一月
25. December /d semb (r)/ n. 十二月
4. 季节与天气
26. spring /spr / n. 春天
27. summer / s m (r)/ n. 夏天
28. autumn / t m/ n. 秋天(美式:fall)
29. winter / w nt (r)/ n. 冬天
30. weather / we (r)/ n. 天气
31. sunny / s ni/ adj. 晴朗的
32. rainy / re ni/ adj. 多雨的
33. snowy / sn i/ adj. 多雪的
34. windy / w ndi/ adj. 多风的
35. cloudy / kla di/ adj. 多云的
5. 日期表达
36. date /de t/ n. 日期
What's the date today
37. today /t de / n. 今天
38. tomorrow /t m r / n. 明天
39. yesterday / jest de / n. 昨天
40. birthday / b θde / n. 生日
41. holiday / h l de / n. 假日
42. festival / fest vl/ n. 节日
6. 序数词
43. first /f st/ adj. 第一
January is the first month.
44. second / sek nd/ adj. 第二
45. third /θ d/ adj. 第三
46. fourth /f θ/ adj. 第四
47. fifth /f fθ/ adj. 第五
48. twelfth /twelfθ/ adj. 第十二
49. twentieth / twenti θ/ adj. 第二十
7. 动词与活动
50. celebrate / sel bre t/ v. 庆祝
We celebrate New Year's Day.
51. plan /pl n/ v. 计划
52. remember /r memb (r)/ v. 记得
53. forget /f ɡet/ v. 忘记
54. invite / n va t/ v. 邀请
8. 其他重要词汇
55. calendar / k l nd (r)/ n. 日历
56. special / spe l/ adj. 特别的
57. busy / b zi/ adj. 忙碌的
58. free /fri / adj. 空闲的
59. begin /b ɡ n/ v. 开始
60. end /end/ v. 结束
二、主要短语
1. 时间与日期
1. what's the date today 今天几号
2. what day is (it) today 今天星期几
3. on Monday/Tuesday 在周一/周二
4. in January/spring 在一月/春天
5. at 7:00/noon 在7点/中午
6. from...to... 从...到...
7. all year round 全年
2. 节日与季节
8. celebrate Christmas 庆祝圣诞节
9. National Day holiday 国庆假期
10. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
11. New Year's Day 元旦
12. Teachers' Day 教师节
13. in spring/summer 在春天/夏天
14. the best time to... ...的最佳时间
3. 日常活动
15. get up at... 在...起床
16. go to school 去上学
17. have classes 上课
18. do homework 做作业
19. go swimming 去游泳
20. make a snowman 堆雪人
4. 频率与计划
21. once a week 每周一次
22. twice a month 每月两次
23. every day/week 每天/周
24. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
25. be busy with... 忙于...
5. 天气相关
26. sunny/rainy weather 晴朗/多雨的天气
27. rainy season 雨季
28. snowy day 下雪天
6. 日期管理
29. write down the date 写下日期
30. mark the calendar 标记日历
31. look at the calendar 看日历
7. 其他重要短语
32. a lot of festivals 许多节日
33. have fun 玩得开心
34. be free 有空
35. start with... 以...开始
36. at the end of... 在...末尾
37. Happy birthday 生日快乐
38. the first month 第一个月
39. how many days 多少天
40. special day 特别的日子
三、主要句子
1. 日期与星期表达
1. What's the date today
- It's September 10th (Teachers' Day).
(月份+序数词,节日用括号标注)
2. What day is it today
- It's Wednesday.
(星期名称首字母大写)
3. Today is Monday, November 15th.
(完整日期表达:星期+月份+日期)
4. There are 30 days in April.
(月份天数:There are...in...)
2. 节日与季节
5. When is your birthday
- It's on March 21st.
(具体日期用on)
6. Christmas is in December.
(月份前用in)
7. Spring is from March to May.
(季节时间范围:from...to...)
8. We celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by eating mooncakes.
(celebrate...by doing...)
3. 日常活动安排
9. I get up at 6:30 every morning.
(时间点用at,频率用every)
10. We have English classes on Tuesday and Friday.
(星期前用on)
11. They usually go swimming in summer.
(季节前用in,频度副词位置)
4. 天气与季节特征
12. The weather is windy in March.
(The weather is + 形容词)
13. It often rains in April.
(It rains/snows... 主语用it)
14. Winter is the coldest season.
(最高级:the + 形容词最高级)
5. 序数词用法
15. January is the first month of the year.
(序数词前加the)
16. My birthday is on the twelfth of May.
(英式:the + 序数词 + of + 月份)
17. Today is her fifteenth birthday.
(年龄/周年纪念用序数词)
6. 频率与计划
18. How often do you play basketball
- Twice a week.
(频率问答:How often... )
19. I plan to visit my grandparents this weekend.
(plan to do...)
20. She is busy preparing for the exam.
(be busy doing...)
7. 重要句型
21. There are four seasons in a year.
(There are...in... 表示存在)
22. Which is your favorite month
- June, because we have summer vacation.
(Which... 选择疑问句)
23. The best time to visit Beijing is autumn.
(the best time to...)
24. Don't forget to bring your umbrella!
(forget to do... 否定祈使句)
8. 特殊疑问句
25. When does the school term start
- In September.
(When... 询问时间)
26. How many months are there in a year
- Twelve.
(数量提问:How many... )
27. Why do you like summer
- Because I can swim.
(原因问答:Why... Because...)
9. 记忆与日期
28. Please remember to write the date.
(remember to do...)
29. I always mark important days on my calendar.
(mark...on...)
30. Let's check the schedule first.
(建议:Let's...)
10. 综合运用
31. My father's birthday is on the third Thursday of November.
(星期+日期组合表达)
32. We don't have classes on weekends.
(否定句:don't + 动词原形)
33. Is October after September
- Yes, it is.
(月份顺序问答)
34. What will you do this winter holiday
- I'll travel to Harbin.
(将来时:will do...)
35. The school year ends in July.
(end in + 月份)
11. 节日祝福
36. Happy New Year!
- The same to you!
(节日祝福及回应)
37. Best wishes for Teachers' Day!
(Best wishes for...)
12. 天气与活动
38. It's snowy in January. We can make snowmen.
(天气+活动关联)
39. The rainy season lasts from June to August.
(last from...to...)
四、语法点
本单元语法主要是数词相关。有拓展。
一)数词的分类体系
1. 基数词
- 表示确切数量:one book(一本书)
- 表示大约数量:hundreds of birds(数百只鸟)
2. 序数词
- 表示精确顺序:the first prize(一等奖)
- 表示先后关系:on the third day(在第三天)
二)基数词详解
1. 基础构成规律
(1) 1-12独立单词:
```
1 one 2 two 3 three
4 four 5 five 6 six
7 seven 8 eight 9 nine
10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
```
(2) 13-19构词法:
基数词 + teen(注意特殊变化)
- 13 thirteen(不是threeteen)
- 15 fifteen(five → fif)
- 18 eighteen(只保留一个t)
(3) 20-90整十数:
基数词 + ty(注意特殊变化)
- 20 twenty(不是twoty)
- 30 thirty(不是threety)
- 40 forty(不是fourty)
- 50 fifty(five → fif)
- 80 eighty(去掉一个t)
2. 复合数词构成
(1) 21-99表达:
[十位数] + [连字符] + [个位数]
- 36 → thirty-six
- 99 → ninety-nine
注意:必须有连字符
(2) 101-999表达:
[百位] + and + [十位/个位]
- 125 → one hundred and twenty-five
- 308 → three hundred and eight
英美差异:美式英语常省略and
3. 大数表达系统
数字单位 英文表达 示例
1,000 thousand 2,500 → two thousand five hundred
1,000,000 million 3,000,000 → three million
1,000,000,000 billion 注意英式英语中billion=万亿
重要规则:
- 每三位加逗号分隔
- 每个单位单独读,不加复数
- 例:4,563,218 → four million, five hundred and sixty-three thousand, two hundred and eighteen
三)序数词详解
1. 基础变化规则
(1) 特殊变化:
```
1st first 2nd second
3rd third 5th fifth
8th eighth 9th ninth
12th twelfth
```
(2) 常规变化:
- 4th fourth
- 20th twentieth
- 30th thirtieth
2. 复合序数词
- 第21 → twenty-first
- 第32 → thirty-second
- 第99 → ninety-ninth
规则:仅最后一位变序数词
3. 使用要点
(1) 必须加冠词:
- the first time(正确)
- first time(错误)
(2) 表示"再一"时用a:
- a second chance(第二次机会)
- the second chapter(第二章)
四)数词应用场景详解
1. 时间表达(12小时制)
时间 标准读法 常用读法
8:00 eight o'clock eight
8:15 a quarter past eight eight fifteen
8:30 half past eight eight thirty
8:45 a quarter to nine eight forty-five
8:05 five past eight eight oh five
2. 日期表达对比
类型 格式 读法 示例
美式 月-日-年 May fifth, twenty twenty-three 5/5/2023
英式 日-月-年 the fifth of May, twenty twenty-three 5/5/2023
注意:书面表达时序数词常简写(5th)
3. 分数系统详解
(1) 常规分数:
- 1/2 → a/one half(不用second)
- 1/3 → a/one third
- 3/4 → three quarters(常用)/three fourths
(2) 复杂分数:
- 2 3/5 → two and three fifths
- 分子>1时,分母加s:
- 5/8 → five eighths
- 7/10 → seven tenths
4. 数学表达式
运算 英文表达 示例
加法 plus/add 2+3=5 → Two plus three is five.
减法 minus/subtract 5-2=3 → Five minus two is three.
乘法 times/multiplied by 2×3=6 → Two times three equals six.
除法 divided by 6÷3=2 → Six divided by three is two.
五)易错难点突破
1. 数量单位常见错误
错误表达 正确表达 规则
two hundreds two hundred 具体数量不加s
hundreds student hundreds of students 约数要加of和s
2. 序数词使用误区
- 错误:in twenty-one century
- 正确:in the twenty-first century
世纪表达必须用序数词
3. 分数主谓一致
- Three fifths of the students are girls.(正确)
- Three fifths of the water is polluted.(正确)
of后名词决定动词单复数
六)文化差异提示
1. 楼层表达差异:
- 英式:ground floor(一楼),first floor(二楼)
- 美式:first floor(一楼)
2. 大数单位差异:
数字 美式 英式
10^9 billion thousand million
10^12 trillion billion
3. 日期书写差异:
- 美式:MM/DD/YYYY(05/10/2023 = 5月10日)
- 英式:DD/MM/YYYY(05/10/2023 = 10月5日)
七)记忆口诀
1. 基数词口诀:
"一二三特殊记,八去t九去e,
ve要用f替,ty变成tie,
若见几十几,连字符别忘记"
2. 序数词口诀:
"一二三特殊记,th要从四加起,
eight去t九去e,ve要用f替,
ty变成tie,最后再加th"

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