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黑龙江省龙东联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．What was the price of the blue T-shirt last week
A．$3. B．$ 7. C．$ 10.
2．What are the speakers doing
A．Dressing up. B．Entering a building. C．Looking for a person.
3．What’s wrong with the man
A．He is injured. B．He has a headache. C．He sleeps too much.
4．What are the speakers talking about
A．A user. B．A printer. C．A test.
5．How does the man feel about Fred
A．Amazed. B．Disappointed. C．Grateful.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where are the speakers
A．In a bank. B．In a restaurant. C．In a classroom.
7．What does the woman probably ask the man to do
A．Serve the customers. B．Wait patiently outside. C．Drink some apple juice.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the woman’s father want to do
A．Get a videophone. B．Visit her frequently. C．Send a gift to her.
9．What does the woman think of her father’s idea
A．Common. B．Meaningful. C．Unacceptable.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．Why did Josh go to the Surf Cafe last night
A．For a party. B．For his birthday. C．For schoolwork.
11．What does the woman suggest the man do
A．Get up early. B．Study harder. C．See a film.
12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Teacher and student. C．Doctor and patient.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the woman
A．A painter. B．An educator. C．A hostess.
14．When did the man move out
A．A week ago. B．Four months ago. C．Six months ago.
15．What attitude did the man’s parents hold toward his decision
A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Passive.
16．What is the man’s advice for teenagers wanting to move out
A．Do it just for fun. B．Find a good reason. C．Save enough money.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What kind of music does the speaker dislike
A．Pop. B．Rock. C．Jazz.
18．What did the speaker do during the festival
A．He sold out some tents. B．He camped on the field. C．He performed on stage.
19．How did the organizers respond to the bad weather
A．By canceling the concert.
B．By providing plastic raincoats.
C．By closing the special walkways.
20．What can we know about the speaker at the festival
A．He enjoyed the music.
B．He had a good living place.
C．He disliked the supporting bands.
二、阅读理解
Four World-famous Art MuseumsMuseum of Modern Art
New York, United States of America (USA)
Since its founding in 1929, the museum has devoted itself to collecting contemporary art, namely late 19th- and 20th-century art. Its collection takes you on an artistic journey through Post-Impressionism, Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Impressionism, and Pop Art, with more than a few masterpieces along the way. It’s great for families, with special kid-friendly guides on the website to the masterpieces and highlights.
Adult price: 22
Good for age: 13+
Art Institute of Chicago
Chicago, United States of America (USA)
Founded in 1879, the US’s second largest art museum is the place for world-class Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art. Home to 300, 000 works, it also regularly hosts unmissable temporary exhibitions. Highlights include Van Gogh’s Self-Portrait and Bedroom in Arles, Monet’s Water Lillies, plus works by Cezanne, Picasso, Magrite and Gaugin.
Adult price: 17
Good for age: 18+
S o Paulo Museum of Art
S o Paulo, Brazil
Founded in 1947, South America’s greatest museum features a collection of over 10,000 pieces from across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas. It’s the largest collection of European Art in the Southern hemisphere (半球), including works by Picasso. Rembrandt and Van Goh. The museum is considered one of the city’s most eye-catching buildings, an architectural stand-out designed by Lina Bo Bardi.
Adult price: 6
Good for age: 18+
Reina Sofía National Museum
Madrid, Spain
Founded in 1992, this Madrid’s world-class modern art museum has a collection of art from the 19th century onwards. The earliest work of art is from 1881, the same year when Pablo Picasso was born. The museum mainly focuses on Spanish art and is home to outstanding collections of Spain’s two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dali.
Adult price: 8
Good for age: 18+
21．Which museum was founded earliest
A．Art Institute of Chicago. B．Museum of Modern Art.
C．Sao Paulo Museum of Art. D．Reina Sofia National Museum.
22．How much should a couple pay for a visit to South America’s greatest museum
A． 6. B． 12. C． 18. D． 34.
23．What can visitors do in Reina Sofia National Museum
A．Watch 18th-century paintings. B．Refer to special guides for kids.
C．Admire Picasso’s masterpieces. D．Communicate with Lina Bo Bardi.
261 Fearless, an all-women’s running group co-founded by Kathrine Switzer, who made history as the first woman to officially finish the Boston Marathon (马拉松) in 1967, is proving that running is for all women.
Switzer, now 78, signed up for the 1967 Boston Marathon, which until that point was mostly run by men. While women were not officially kept away from the course, people did not believe women were capable of running such a distance.
Race officials did not know that Switzer was running until she entered the second mile of the race. An official ran up behind her and tried to tear off her number, 261. She was able to break free and kept running, finishing the marathon and becoming a symbol of girl power in sports.
Switzer went on to complete 40 marathons in her lifetime of running and continued to fight for all women to have the opportunity to run. She created a women’s-only international race circuit (巡回赛), which led to the women’s marathon being included in the Olympics for the first time in 1984. She also worked as a television broadcaster, calling big running events including the Boston Marathon and the Olympic races. More recently, she is a returning captain for the Every Woman’s Marathon, which bills itself as the only U. S. marathon designed only for women.
Most importantly, Switzer created 261 Fearless, a global nonprofit organization whose mission is to empower women through running and education programs, with a focus on creating a safe and supportive space for women in a non-competitive environment. Since its founding, the organization has trained over 500 women around the world to become running coaches. There are now 61 groups of 261 Fearless runners in 14 countries, including the United States, New Zealand, and countries in South America, Europe and Africa, uniting women of all different ages and abilities.
24．Before 1967, the Boston Marathon was .
A．unpopular with men B．a sign of female power
C．known for women winners D．mainly intended for men
25．What happened to Switzer when she ran the 1967 Boston Marathon
A．A man took the place of her. B．She failed to finish the race.
C．Someone attempted to stop her. D．She was forced to give up at first.
26．What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning Switzer
A．Her efforts to join the Olympics. B．Her achievements in training coaches.
C．Her contribution to women’s marathons. D．Her performance in the Olympic races.
27．What can be learned about 261 Fearless
A．It is very influential. B．It is open to all people.
C．It has come to an end. D．It aims to make a fortune.
Robotic technology is rapidly advancing in high-risk industrial environments like some factories. However, there remain many tasks that still require human oversight, despite advances in robotics. The challenge lies in the fact that operating robots is more difficult than expected, and even small mistakes may lead to accidents.
To address this, a research team led by Professor Keehoon Kim and Ph. D．candidate Jaehyun Park from the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) developed two types of new devices that allow users to feel interaction at their fingertips while controlling robots remotely.
The “POstick-KF” device sends the precise force changes a robot experiences when pushing or pulling objects directly to the user, giving the operator precise control over operations. Meanwhile, the “POstick-VF” device provides a combination of tactile and visual feedback (触觉和视觉反馈), making it effective for use in larger workspaces. Both devices are modeled after the actual size and shape of real tools, allowing even the beginners to adapt quickly, and can be selected according to the work environment or the operator’s skill level.
Simulation (模拟) experiments showed the effectiveness of these devices: users achieved higher accuracy in operating the robots and significantly reduced the risk of running into obstacles (障碍物) compared to traditional devices.
The new devices also include digital twin technology, enabling users to simulate actual robot operations in virtual environments, and use augmented reality (AR) to further improve user concentration and experience.
Professor Keehoon Kim, who led the research, made a comment, “Our devices enable tasks requiring human’s skillfulness to be performed more safely and precisely in cooperation with robots. We believe they will improve safety in industrial sites and reduce the pressure on workers.”
28．What can we learn from paragraph 1
A．There are few advances in robotics. B．Operating robots can be challenging.
C．Robots work perfectly with humans. D．Robots tend to make big mistakes.
29．What is an advantage of the two new devices
A．They look small in size. B．They are user-friendly.
C．They are low-cost. D．They free people from work.
30．What is Professor Keehoon Kim’s opinion on the new devices
A．They are of practical value. B．They still need improving.
C．They are not safe to use now. D．They add to pressure on workers.
31．From which part of a magazine is the text most probably taken
A．Culture. B．Nature. C．Education. D．Technology.
An international team led by researchers from the University of Adelaide and the University of Copenhagen reconstructed an 11,700-year ecological baseline for bowhead whales, which are a threatened Arctic native species.
Using computer models, fossils, and hunting records, the team mapped the location and size of suitable summer foraging habitat (觅食栖息地) for bowhead whales, finding that until recently it had remained nearly unchanged. However, they predict (预测) that future climate change will destroy 65—75 percent of this foraging habitat by the end of the 21st century. In the Sea of Okhotsk, which is home to one of only four populations of bowhead whales, usable summer habitat is likely to vanish entirely by 2060.
The reason for the reduction is the breakup of a close relationship between bowhead whales and summer sea ice cover. “Bowhead whales have preferred to forage among sea ice for thousands of years,” said lead author Nicholas Freymueller. “However, Arctic sea ice has become less in recent decades, and this is set to be worse in coming decades, causing where bowhead whales currently gather in large numbers to be lost.”
The team also found that the few areas of suitable bowhead habitat predicted to remain in the year 2100 will exist outside their current distribution (分布), directly affecting protection policies.
“By identifying the extent and location of bowhead whale habitat that is likely to be lost in coming decades, we provide important information to guide future management efforts of this species,” said Professor Eline Lorenzen.
Bowhead whales are still recovering from four centuries of hunting. “By using ecological models and historical records to reconstruct pre-hunting distributions of bowhead whales, we were able to develop a much stronger understanding of the habitat preferences of this species that was nearly hunted to extinction. This is of great importance because the ongoing threats they face are reflective of what other Arctic species face because of climate change,” said senior author Damien Fordham.
32．What does the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Approach. B．Disappear. C．Recover. D．Spread.
33．What is Nicholas Freymueller trying to do in paragraph 3
A．To share a suggestion. B．To make a summary.
C．To give an explanation. D．To show an expectation.
34．Why does Damien Fordham consider studying bowhead whales important
A．It offers a solution to whale hunting.
B．It enables their competitors to avoid them.
C．It allows them to search for suitable habitat.
D．It helps to learn about threats to other species.
35．What does the text focus on
A．Ecological models and historical records.
B．Summer sea ice cover and frequent hunting.
C．Arctic native species and protection policies.
D．Climate change and bowhead whales’ habitat.
Trust plays an important role in a good relationship. However, trust doesn’t come easy. 36 Here are some ways that can help you to show others that you can be trusted and depended on.
Spend time with them. Trust is built over time, so be ready and willing to invest（投入）time in someone if you want to gain their trust. Each time you hang out, it’s an opportunity to have positive interactions and show your trustworthiness. Avoid only being around them when things are going well. 37
Show kindness, respect and acceptance. To build trust, it is important to show that you are kind, respectful and accepting of other people. Be understanding and show them kindness when they need it. 38 Also, be accepting of others. Don’t try to get others to change for you.
39 Honesty is the foundation of trust. Speak openly about your thoughts and feelings, even when it’s difficult. Avoid hiding truths, as lies can easily break trust. When others see your sincerity（真诚）, they’ll feel safe and believe in you. Being open and real helps build strong and lasting relationships over time.
Be accessible. 40 If you don’t respond for days, it creates the illusion（错觉）that you either don’t care enough to reply or you’re busy doing something that you can’t talk to them about. Try to be available when they need you.
A．Be frank.
B．Provide necessary help.
C．It takes time and effort to build.
D．Be there for them during the ups and the downs.
E．Listen with patience when they share something with you.
F．Always respect their thoughts and beliefs, even when they are different from yours.
G．When your friend texts or calls you, try to reply or call them back as soon as possible.
三、完形填空
In 2004, Steve and his wife Nicola booked a beach holiday in Thailand. They had been on the beach early and returned to their accommodation for a 41 rest.
The first warning sign that something strange would 42 came just before 10:20 am. They 43 noises in the distance, which became louder and louder. The doors of their 44 did not face the sea, but Steve noticed 45 running past one side of the building. He realized something was not 46 .
As the full force of the wave hit him, Steve remembers his feet leaving the 47 and being thrown through the doors. He doesn’t remember letting go of Nicola’s hand, but they were 48 all of a sudden. “I was looking for Nicola, but I couldn’t 49 anything or anyone except the water,” Steve says.
50 , with the help of locals, Steve made it to the nearest small town. His leg was injured so severely that he couldn’t 51 . He was cleaned up and asked to stay with other 52 , who were still recovering. It was there that he saw Nicola, who had survived by 53 a broken fridge.
That 54 brought huge damage to communities along coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing about 227,898 people in 14 countries. Steve knows that he and Nicola were the 55 ones.
41．A．stressful B．lasting C．brief D．boring
42．A．occur B．escape C．stay D．fail
43．A．caused B．heard C．removed D．collected
44．A．store B．office C．hospital D．hotel
45．A．time B．water C．fire D．sand
46．A．right B．scary C．enough D．unusual
47．A．bridge B．sea C．floor D．beach
48．A．judged B．separated C．scheduled D．attached
49．A．save B．prevent C．record D．see
50．A．Eventually B．Obviously C．Actually D．Similarly
51．A．speak B．sit C．lie D．walk
52．A．neighbors B．swimmers C．survivors D．rescuers
53．A．relying on B．breaking down C．making up D．falling off
54．A．journey B．disaster C．treatment D．experiment
55．A．energetic B．independent C．fortunate D．generous
四、语法填空
56．This battle that you are interested in was (vivid) recorded in the article. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57．I can’t lend my bike to you because it (repair) at the moment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58．These students (desire) to make a difference to the world should be encouraged. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59．So far, the three big crises (overcome) by the teenager and he is very strong now. （所给词的适当形式填空）
60．To improve the quality of life through work, more (strategy) are necessary. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61． (surround) by crowds of reporters, the smart boy felt at a loss. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62．The (announce) was not entirely unexpected, but she still felt really surprised. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63．In addition, it takes account how a person will react to an emergency. (用适当的词填空)
64．What made them (relieve) was that their jobs would be safe. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65．His inspiring speech left deep impression on those kids. （用适当的词填空）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Opera 66 (have) many names since its appearance, including Erhuang, Jiuju (Old Opera), Guoju (National Opera) , Peking Opera, etc.
In the 55th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the famous Hui Opera troupe (剧团) “Sanging Ban” in the south of the Yangtze River came to Beijing 67 (celebrate) the 80th birthday of Emperor Qianlong. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Hui Opera troupes gained huge 68 (popular) in southern China.
After 1828, a group of Han Opera performers arrived in Beijing one after another. Han Opera, 69 (original) known as Chu Tone or Han Tone, is a local opera popular in Hubei Province. It has two main melodies (唱腔), Xipi and Erhuang, with the focus on Xipi. Due 70 the similarity in melody and performance, most of the Han Opera performers performed with the Hui Opera troupes. Some of 71 (they) even became the main performers of the Hui Opera troupes, such as Yu Sansheng 72 was known as one of the best Qing Dynasty laosheng players.
After a period of cooperation between Hui Opera and Han Opera troupes, the features of the two gradually merged (融合), accompanied by the influence of the Beijing accent as well as 73 borrowing of Kun Opera, Yiqiang, and Qinqiang. All these 74 (factor) eventually led to the formation of a new type of opera 75 (call) Beijing Opera.
五、书信写作
76．假定你是李华，上个月你去英国旅游时受到了好友David的热情招待。请你写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表达感谢；
2.介绍答谢礼物。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
77．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lily was a 10-year-old student. She was always ready to help others. Most importantly, she was honest.
One day, when Lily entered the classroom, she saw a crowd looking at something. Lily joined them and found that Peter, her classmate, was showing his newly bought pen to other students. The pen was special and everyone was talking about it cheerfully.
Lily was really fond of that pen. She even asked Peter where he bought the pen and she intended to buy one. However, such a pen was too expensive for her — she could only earn her pocket money by helping do housework at home. At that time, the school bell rang. Immediately, all the children rushed to the playground to do morning exercises.
When Lily ran out of the classroom, Smith, their math teacher, asked Lily to get some chalk from the classroom. Lily went back to the classroom and found Peter's pen on his desk. She couldn’t help walking to the pen. While Lily was admiring the pen, she heard Smith call her out. In a hurry, she dropped the pen on the floor. She quickly picked it up, put it back and went to give the chalk to Smith. Before Lily ran to the playground, she saw her classmate Mary coming back to the classroom as she was ill.
After the morning exercises, everyone went back to the classroom. Just then Peter found his pen was broken and asked who was in the classroom at the time of doing morning exercises. Almost everyone pointed to Mary. When asked whether she had broken Peter’s pen, Mary said no. However, no one could prove her words. Feeling sad, she started to cry.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lily felt her heart race as she realized what might have happened.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Smith, having heard Lily’s confession（坦白）, praised her honesty.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C C B B A B A A C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A C B A B C B B A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B C D C C A B B A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D B C D D C D F A G
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C A B D B A C B D A
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D C A B C
1．C
【原文】W: Can I help you
M: Yes, please. I’d like to know the price of the blue T-shirt in the window
W: Certainly. It was $ 10 last week, but this week there is a 30 percent discount.
M: Great! I’ll take it then.
2．C
【原文】M: There are so many people here. I wonder if we’ll see him.
W: He told me that he would be wearing a black and gray hat.
M: Well, that definitely narrows it down.
3．B
【原文】W: Good morning! What’s wrong with you
M: My head is killing me.
W: How long have you been feeling like this
M: It began yesterday and it kept me awake the whole night.
4．B
【原文】W: This new printer is really hard to use. Maybe we should test it for a few days before we decide to buy it.
M: It’s sure not the most user-friendly.
5．A
【原文】M: I didn’t expect Fred to play football so well.
W: In fact, he used to be a top player in his university days.
M: Really I can hardly believe it
6．B 7．A
【原文】M: How many customers have we got in today
W: Er...6.
M: 6 Is that all I guess The Angel must have more than 6 customers.
W: Yes, it’s full. I walked past a few minutes ago. There were people waiting outside.
M: Oh, dear. If we don’t get our customers back, we’re going to have to close it.
W: That won’t happen. These are for Table 2. And they want a bottle of apple e on, hurry up.
8．A 9．C
【原文】W: My dad is talking about getting one of those videophones, you know, the kind where you can see the people you’re talking to and they can see you.
M: Oh. I’d hate that.
W: Yeah, I agree with you. I think it’s a crazy idea. I mean, I’d feel uncomfortable.
M: Right, the phone would ring and you’d think, “I have to look in the mirror before I answer the phone.” How stupid it is!
10．A 11．C 12．A
【原文】W: You look terrible, Josh!
M: I feel terrible. I didn’t get to bed until 4:00 am.
W: You shouldn’t go to bed so late.
M: Well, there was a party for Tony’s birthday at the Surf Cafe, so of course I went there when I finished work. And look at my face. How terrible! The skin on my face and neck turns so red!
W: Hmm. It seems that it’s all those French fries you’ve been eating. And chocolate cakes. You should give them up, Josh!
M: Maybe you’re right. I’ve been staying up late doing my schoolwork, too, and I haven’t been sleeping very well recently.
W: You’ve been doing too much. Anyway, let’s go to see a movie. That’ll help you relax.
13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: Hello, everyone. Welcome to the sixth of our programs. This week’s program is called Moving out and we have Brian today. So, Brian, how long has it been since you moved out
M: I moved out four months ago, but it wasn’t what you might call a clean break. I didn’t move out all at once. I did it gradually and spent most of the week with my parents at first. I started by spending the weekends at my new flat so that I could get used to living alone slowly. My parents were really understanding when I told them where I wanted to move. You see, I wanted to go somewhere quiet — a place where I could paint.
W: Finally, I’d like to ask you some advice you would give to a teenager who was thinking of leaving home.
M: I believe that the point is to have a good reason for leaving home and don’t just move because you just want to move. I mean you shouldn't do it just because it sounds like fun.
17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A
【原文】
M: I’ve always enjoyed listening to music. It helps me calm down after a busy day. Instead of jazz, I like many different types of music, such as rock and R&B.
Last year I went to a pop festival. It lasted for three days, so we decided to camp on the field provided by the concert organizers. The weather was awful and it rained all weekend. We were all wet! Anyway, the concert continued, paying no attention to the weather. The organizers advised us to keep to the special walkways that they had set up and gave us some plastic raincoats to put over our tents.
Although the weather was bad, the music was great. I particularly enjoyed some of the supporting bands — I always find they perform better than the main stars. It’s probably because this is their great chance to get their music heard. It is a great pleasure to go to the pop festival, but I wish I had booked into a hotel rather than decide to sleep in a tent!
21．A 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四座世界著名艺术博物馆的成立时间、藏品等信息。
21．细节理解题。根据Museum of Modern Art部分中的“Since its founding in 1929, the museum has devoted itself to collecting contemporary art, namely late 19th-and 20th-century art. (该博物馆自1929年建馆以来，一直致力于收藏当代艺术作品，即19世纪晚期至20世纪的艺术品)”；Art Institute of Chicago部分中的“Founded in 1879, the US’s second largest art museum is the place for world-class Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art. (建于1879年的美国第二大艺术博物馆是世界级印象派和后印象派艺术作品的汇集之地)”；S o Paulo Museum of Art部分中的“Founded in 1947, South America’s greatest museum features a collection of over 10,000 pieces from across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas. (这座南美洲最负盛名的博物馆建于1947年，馆内收藏了超过10,000件来自欧洲、非洲、亚洲和美洲各地的藏品)”；Reina Sofía National Museum部分中的“Founded in 1992, this Madrid’s world-class modern art museum has a collection of art from the 19th century onwards. (这座位于马德里的世界级现代艺术博物馆建于1992年，收藏了19世纪以来的艺术作品)”可知，成立最早的是Art Institute of Chicago。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据S o Paulo Museum of Art部分中的“Founded in 1947, South America’s greatest museum features a collection of over 10,000 pieces from across Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas. (这座南美洲最负盛名的博物馆建于1947年，馆内收藏了超过10,000件来自欧洲、非洲、亚洲和美洲各地的藏品)”可知，圣保罗艺术博物馆是南美洲最伟大的博物馆，结合“Adult price: 6(成人票价：6英镑)”可知，一对夫妇参观南美洲最伟大的博物馆需要支付6×2=12英镑。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据Reina Sofía National Museum部分中的“The museum mainly focuses on Spanish art and is home to outstanding collections of Spain’s two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dali.(该博物馆主要专注于西班牙艺术，收藏了西班牙20世纪最伟大的两位大师巴勃罗·毕加索和萨尔瓦多·达利的杰出作品)”可知，游客在Reina Sofía National Museum可以欣赏到毕加索的杰作。故选C项。
24．D 25．C 26．C 27．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了凯瑟琳·斯威策的传奇经历，她在1967年成为首位正式完成波士顿马拉松的女性，之后为女性马拉松事业做出诸多贡献，还创立了旨在通过跑步和教育项目赋予女性力量的全球性非营利组织“261 Fearless”，该组织影响力广泛。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Switzer, now 78, signed up for the 1967 Boston Marathon, which until that point was mostly run by men.(现年78岁的斯威策报名参加了1967年的波士顿马拉松赛，在此之前，这项赛事主要由男性参加)”可知，1967年之前，波士顿马拉松主要是为男性准备的。故选D项。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“An official ran up behind her and tried to tear off her number, 261.(一位官员从她身后跑上来，试图撕掉她的号码261)”可知，1967年斯威策跑波士顿马拉松时，有人试图阻止她。故选C项。
26．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Switzer went on to complete 40 marathons in her lifetime of running and continued to fight for all women to have the opportunity to run. She created a women’s-only international race circuit (巡回赛), which led to the women’s marathon being included in the Olympics for the first time in 1984. She also worked as a television broadcaster, calling big running events including the Boston Marathon and the Olympic races. More recently, she is a returning captain for the Every Woman’s Marathon, which bills itself as the only U. S. marathon designed only for women.(斯威策在其跑步生涯中继续完成了40场马拉松比赛，并且持续为所有女性争取跑步的机会而奋斗。她创立了一项女子专属的国际巡回赛，正是这项赛事促使女子马拉松在1984年首次被纳入奥运会项目。她还担任过电视广播员，解说包括波士顿马拉松和奥运会田径赛事在内的大型跑步赛事。最近，她又成为了“女性专属马拉松赛”（Every Woman’s Marathon）的回归队长，该赛事号称是美国唯一一项专为女性设计的马拉松赛事)”可知，主要讲述了斯威策对女子马拉松运动的贡献。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since its founding, the organization has trained over 500 women around the world to become running coaches. There are now 61 groups of 261 Fearless runners in 14 countries, including the United States, New Zealand, and countries in South America, Europe and Africa, uniting women of all different ages and abilities.(自成立以来，该组织已培训了全球500多名女性成为跑步教练。现在，在包括美国、新西兰以及南美洲、欧洲和非洲的14个国家，有61个‘261 Fearless’跑步团体，团结了不同年龄和能力的女性)”可知，“261 Fearless”影响力很大。故选A项。
28．B 29．B 30．A 31．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍浦项科技大学机械工程系的研究团队针对机器人操作难度大、易出事故等问题，研发出“POstick - KF”和“POstick - VF”两种新设备，介绍了其功能、优势及模拟实验效果，还提及设备包含的数字孪生和增强现实技术，最后表明团队负责人认为设备具有实用价值。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“The challenge lies in the fact that operating robots is more difficult than expected, and even small mistakes may lead to accidents.(挑战在于操作机器人比预期的更困难，即使是小错误也可能导致事故)”可知，操作机器人具有挑战性。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“Both devices are modeled after the actual size and shape of real tools, allowing even the beginners to adapt quickly, and can be selected according to the work environment or the operator’s skill level.(这两种设备都仿照真实工具的实际大小和形状制作，即使是初学者也能快速适应，并且可以根据工作环境或操作员的技能水平进行选择)”可知，这两种新设备对用户友好。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Professor Keehoon Kim, who led the research, made a comment, “Our devices enable tasks requiring human’s skillfulness to be performed more safely and precisely in cooperation with robots. We believe they will improve safety in industrial sites and reduce the pressure on workers.”(领导这项研究的Keehoon Kim教授评论说：“我们的设备使需要人类技能的任务能够与机器人更安全、精确地协作完成。我们相信它们将提高工业场所的安全性并减轻工人的压力”)”可知，Keehoon Kim教授认为新设备具有实用价值。故选A项。
31．文章出处题。主要介绍浦项科技大学机械工程系的研究团队针对机器人操作难度大、易出事故等问题，研发出“POstick - KF”和“POstick - VF”两种新设备，介绍了其功能、优势及模拟实验效果，还提及设备包含的数字孪生和增强现实技术，最后表明团队负责人认为设备具有实用价值，属于科技范畴。故选D项。
32．B 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究对北极地区11700年来弓头鲸的生存状况进行了调查。研究人员预测，由于气候变化导致的海冰减少将导致弓头鲸的觅食栖息地严重萎缩。
32．词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, they predict(预测)that future climate change will destroy 65—75 percent of this foraging habitat by the end of the 21st century. (然而，他们预测，到21世纪末，未来的气候变化将破坏65% - 75%的这种觅食栖息地。)”以及“usable summer habitat is likely to vanish entirely by 2060 .(到2060年，可用的夏季栖息地可能会完全vanish。)”可知，这里说的是栖息地会因气候变化而遭到破坏，所以到2060年可能会完全消失，故选B项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“The reason for the reduction is the breakup of a close relationship between bowhead whales and summer sea ice cover. “Bowhead whales have preferred to forage among sea ice for thousands of years,” said lead author Nicholas Freymueller. (数量减少的原因是弓头鲸与夏季海冰覆盖之间的紧密关系破裂。“几千年来，弓头鲸一直喜欢在海冰中觅食”主要作者尼古拉斯·弗雷姆勒说。)”可知，尼古拉斯·弗雷姆勒在解释弓头鲸栖息地减少的原因。故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This is of great importance because the ongoing threats they face are reflective of what other Arctic species face because of climate change,” said senior author Damien Fordham. (“这非常重要，因为它们目前面临的威胁反映了其他北极物种因气候变化而面临的威胁”资深作者达米安·福德姆说。)”可知，达米安·福德姆认为研究弓头鲸重要是因为这有助于了解对其他物种的威胁。故选D项。
35．主旨大意题。文章开篇提到研究团队重建弓头鲸生态基线，接着阐述气候变化将破坏其觅食栖息地及原因，最后说明研究对了解其他北极物种面临威胁的意义，所以文章重点是气候变化和弓头鲸的栖息地。故选D项。
36．C 37．D 38．F 39．A 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种获得信任的做法。
36．根据上文“Trust plays an important role in a good relationship. However, trust doesn’t come easy. (信任在良好的关系中起着重要作用。然而，信任并非轻易可得。)” 可知，承接前文，进一步说明信任需要时间和努力来建立，引出后文关于建立信任方法的内容。故C选项“它需要时间和努力去建立” 符合语境，故选C。
37．根据上文“Spend time with them. Trust is built over time, so be ready and willing to invest (投入)time in someone if you want to gain their trust. Each time you hang out, it’s an opportunity to have positive interactions and show your trustworthiness. Avoid only being around them when things are going well. (花时间和他们在一起。信任是随着时间建立起来的，所以如果你想赢得他们的信任，就要准备好并愿意在某人身上投入时间。每次你出去玩，这都是一个进行积极互动并展示你值得信赖的机会。避免只在事情进展顺利的时候和他们在一起。)” 可知，选项承接前文，强调要在各种情况下都陪伴他人，这样才能建立信任。D选项“在他们顺境和逆境时都陪伴在他们身边。” 符合语境，故选D。
38．根据上文“Show kindness, respect and acceptance. To build trust, it is important to show that you are kind, respectful and accepting of other people. Be understanding and show them kindness when they need it. (展示友善、尊重和接纳。为了建立信任，重要的是要表明你对他人友善、尊重和接纳。要理解他人，并在他们需要时向他们展示友善。)” 及下文 “Also, be accepting of others. Don’t try to get others to change for you. (同样，要接纳他人。不要试图让他人为你改变。)” 可知，选项承上启下，具体阐述如何尊重他人，与前后文共同说明建立信任时在友善、尊重和接纳方面的做法。F选项“始终尊重他们的想法和信仰，即使它们与你的不同。” 符合语境，故选F。
39．根据下文“Honesty is the foundation of trust. Speak openly about your thoughts and feelings, even when it’s difficult. Avoid hiding truths, as lies can easily break trust. When others see your sincerity（真诚）, they’ll feel safe and believe in you. Being open and real helps build strong and lasting relationships over time. (诚实是信任的基础。要坦诚地说出你的想法和感受，即使这很困难。避免隐瞒真相，因为谎言很容易破坏信任。当别人看到你的真诚时，他们会感到安心并相信你。随着时间的推移，保持开放和真实有助于建立牢固而持久的关系。)” 可知，本段主要讲要坦诚。A选项“要坦诚。” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A 。
40．根据上文“Be accessible. (要做到随时可及。)” 及下文 “If you don’t respond for days, it creates the illusion(错觉)that you either don’t care enough to reply or you’re busy doing something that you can’t talk to them about. Try to be available when they need you. (如果你几天不回复，就会造成一种错觉，即你要么不在乎回复，要么在忙着做一些不能和他们谈论的事情。当他们需要你的时候，尽量有空。)” 可知，需要承上启下，具体举例说明如何做到随时可及，即尽快回复朋友的信息或电话，引出后文不及时回复的不良影响。G选项“当你的朋友给你发短信或打电话时，尽量尽快回复或回电。” 符合语境，故选G。
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．A 47．C 48．B 49．D 50．A 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2004年泰国度假期间，丈夫Steve和妻子Nicola遭遇印度洋海啸袭击，被巨浪冲散，最终奇迹般生还重逢，而这场灾难共造成14国近23万人遇难。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们一早就去了海滩，之后返回住所稍作休息。A. stressful有压力的；B. lasting持续的；C. brief简短的；D. boring无聊的。根据上文“They had been on the beach early and returned to their accommodation”可知，来度假的两人去了海滩之后，回到住所是作短暂休息，即稍作休息。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在上午10点20分前，将发生异常事件的第一个征兆出现了。A. occur发生；B. escape逃离；C. stay停留；D. fail失败。根据下文“They ____3____ noises in the distance, which became louder and louder.”可知，远处越来越响的声音预示着将发生异常事件。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们听到远处有声音，声音越来越大。A. caused引起；B. heard听见；C. removed移除；D. collected收集。根据下文“noises in the distance, which became louder and louder”可知，两人是听到远处有声音，且声音越来越大。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然酒店房门不朝向大海，但Steve注意到有水从建筑物一侧涌过。A. store商店；B. office办公室；C. hospital医院；D. hotel酒店。根据上文“In 2004, Steve and his wife Nicola booked a beach holiday in Thailand.”可知，此处指两人度假所住酒店的房门。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然酒店房门不朝向大海，但Steve注意到有水从建筑物一侧涌过。A. time时间；B. water水；C. fire火；D. sand沙子。根据下文“As the full force of the wave hit him”可知，这里爆发了海啸，因此是注意到有水从建筑物一侧涌过。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他意识到情况不正常。A. right正常的；B. scary可怕的；C. enough足够的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文“As the full force of the wave hit him”可知，这里爆发了海啸，因此Steve根据所感知到的事情，意识到情况不正常。故选A。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当波浪的全部力量击中他时，Steve记得他的脚离开了地板，被甩出了门。A. bridge桥梁；B. sea大海；C. floor地板；D. beach海滩。根据下文“being thrown through the doors”可知，Steve被甩出了门，因此是指脚离开了地板。故选C。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不记得放开了Nicola的手，但他们突然分开了。A. judged判断；B. separated分开；C. scheduled安排；D. attached附加。根据上文“He doesn’t remember letting go of Nicola’s hand”和表示转折的“but”可知，虽然Steve没有放开Nicola的手，但是他们仍被分开了。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我在找Nicola，但除了水，我什么也看不见，”Steve说。A. save拯救；B. prevent防止；C. record记录；D. see看见。根据上文“I was looking for Nicola”可知，Steve在找Nicola，因此是指找的过程中除了水，什么也看不见。故选D。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，在当地人的帮助下，Steve到达了最近的小镇。A. Eventually最终地；B. Obviously显然地；C. Actually实际上；D. Similarly类似地。根据上文叙述的两人海边度假，随后回到酒店，注意到异常征兆，再被波浪袭击可知，此处是按时间顺序叙事，是指经历灾难后，最终Steve到达了最近的小镇。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的腿受了重伤，不能走路了。A. speak说话；B. sit坐下；C. lie躺下；D. walk行走。根据上文“His leg was injured so severely”可知，Steve的腿受了重伤，因此是不能走路了。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被清洁干净，并被要求与其他仍在康复中的幸存者住在一起。A. neighbors邻居；B. swimmers游泳者；C. survivors幸存者；D. rescuers救援者。根据下文“who were still recovering”可知，仍在康复中的是灾难的幸存者。故选C。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在那里，他看到了Nicola，她依靠一个坏掉的冰箱活了下来。A. relying on依赖于；B. breaking down崩溃；C. making up编造；D. falling off掉落。根据上文“who had survived”可知，Nicola是依靠一个坏掉的冰箱从灾难中活了下来。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那场灾难给印度洋沿岸的社区带来了巨大的破坏，造成14个国家约227898人死亡。A. journey旅程；B. disaster灾难；C. treatment治疗；D. experiment实验。根据上文“As the full force of the wave hit him”可知，这里爆发了海啸，因此是指那场灾难带来了巨大的破坏，造成大量人员死亡。故选B。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Steve知道他和Nicola是幸运的。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. independent独立的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. generous慷慨的。根据上文“That ____14____ brought huge damage to communities along coasts of the Indian Ocean, killing about 227,898 people in 14 countries.”可知，约227898人死亡，而Steve和Nicola活了下来，因此是指两人是幸运的。故选C。
56．vividly
【详解】考查副词。句意：你感兴趣的这场战役在文章中被生动地记录了下来。recorded是动词，需用副词修饰，vivid是形容词，其副词形式vividly表示“生动地”，在句中作状语。故填vividly。
57．is being repaired
【详解】考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：我不能把自行车借给你，因为它此刻正在被修理。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，此处表示动作现在正在进行，且“it (指代自行车)”与“repair”之间是被动关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语“it”是第三人称单数，be动词应用is。故填is being repaired。
58．desiring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些渴望改变世界的学生应该受到鼓励。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是should be encouraged，空格处需要填入非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰先行词students，desire与其逻辑主语students之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式desiring。故填desiring。
59．have been overcome
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这个少年已经克服了三大危机，他现在非常坚强。so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，且crises（危机，复数）与overcome（克服）是被动关系，即危机被克服，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态have been overcome。故填have been overcome。
60．strategies
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：要想通过工作提高生活质量，需要更多的策略。空处作主语，结合“are”可知，主语strategy“策略”应用复数形式。故填strategies。
61．Surrounded/Having been surrounded/Being surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被成群的记者包围，这个聪明的男孩感到不知所措。空处为非谓语动词，the smart boy与surround是被动关系，即男孩被包围，所以可用过去分词作状语，也可表示，“被包围”这一动作先于felt，用现在分词的完成时的被动形式。或者强调被动且动作正在进行，用现在分词的被动形式。这三种形式都符合语境，在句中作状语。首字母大写。故填Surrounded/Having been surrounded/Being surrounded。
62．announcement
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个公告并非完全出乎意料，但她仍感到很惊讶。空前有冠词The，空处作主语，结合“not entirely unexpected”可知，名词announcement符合题意，意为“公告，宣告，告示”，且结合“was”可知，announcement应用单数形式。故填announcement。
63．into
【详解】考查介词。句意：此外，它还考虑到一个人对紧急情况的反应。根据“takes”和“account”可知，此处用固定短语take into account表示“考虑到某事，把某事考虑进去”。故填into。
64．relieved
【详解】考查形容词。句意：让他们感到宽慰的是，他们的工作会有保障。分析句子结构可知，此处为“make +宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，需用形容词作宾语补足语，relieve为动词，意为“缓解，宽慰”，其形容词形式有relieved意为“感到宽慰的”和relieving意为“令人宽慰的”，此处指的是人，表示“他们感到宽慰”，应用relieved。故填relieved。
65．a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：他鼓舞人心的演讲给那些孩子们留下了深刻的印象。leave a deep impression on sb.是固定搭配，意为“给某人留下深刻印象” 。故填a.
66．has had 67．to celebrate 68．popularity 69．originally 70．to 71．them 72．who/that 73．the 74．factors 75．called
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了京剧的名称由来、发展历程，包括徽班进京、汉剧与徽剧的融合及其他剧种的影响等。
66．考查动词时态。句意：京剧自出现以来有过许多名称，包括二黄、旧剧、国剧、京剧等。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“since its appearance”可知，用现在完成时，主语Beijing Opera为单数，所以谓语动词用has had。故填has had。
67．考查非谓语动词。句意：清乾隆五十五年，江南著名徽班“三庆班”进京为乾隆皇帝庆祝八十大寿。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了庆祝”，所以用to celebrate。故填to celebrate。
68．考查名词。句意：清初，徽班在江南地区大受欢迎。此处作gained的宾语，用popular的名词popularity，意为“受欢迎，流行”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
69．考查副词。句意：汉剧，原名楚调或汉调，是流行于湖北地区的一种地方戏曲。此处修饰过去分词known，用original的副词originally，意为“最初”。故填originally。
70．考查介词。句意：由于在唱腔和表演上的相似性，大多数汉剧演员都与徽班合作演出。此处为固定搭配due to，意为“由于”，所以用介词to。故填to。
71．考查代词。句意：其中一些人甚至成为了徽班的主要演员，比如被誉为清代最佳老生演员之一的余三胜。此处作介词of的宾语，用they的宾格them。故填them。
72．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为Yu Sansheng，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
73．考查冠词。句意：徽班与汉班经过一段时间的合作，两者的特点逐渐融合，同时受到北京口音的影响，以及对昆曲、弋腔、秦腔的借鉴。结合句意，此处特指“对昆曲、弋腔、秦腔的借鉴”，用定冠词the。故填the。
74．考查名词复数。句意：所有这些因素最终促成了一种新型戏曲——京剧的形成。factor为可数名词，根据these可知，此处应用复数形式factors。故填factors。
75．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词作定语，opera与call为被动关系，用过去分词called，意为“被称为”。故填called。
76．Dear David,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your warm hospitality during my trip in the UK last month. Your kindness, from showing me around London to introducing me to authentic British cuisine, made my stay truly unforgettable.
As a token of appreciation, I’ve sent you a traditional Chinese paper-cutting artwork. It features the Chinese character meaning “blessing”, symbolizing good luck and happiness. This red artwork is usually displayed during festivals to bring good fortune. I hope it will add some Chinese charm to your home!
Thanks again. I can’t wait to show you around Beijing when you visit China!
Yours,
Li Hua
77．Lily felt her heart race as she realized what might have happened. Taking a deep breath, she told the truth and said to Peter, “I think I accidentally broke your pen. I shouldn’t have touched it without your permission. I’m really sorry.” Lily also apologized to Mary for it was she who made Mary misunderstood. The classroom fell silent as everyone turned to look at Lily. Her face turned red, but before she could continue, the math teacher walked in.
Smith, having heard Lily’s confession（坦白）, praised her honesty. “It takes courage to admit a mistake,” Smith said, smiling at Lily. Peter, though upset about his broken pen, chose to forgive Lily for he knew it was an accident. Mary, relieved, gave Lily a grateful hug. Later, Lily promised to save her pocket money to buy Peter a new pen. From that day on, Lily’s classmates admired her even more for her honesty and kindness.

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