资源简介 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台Unit 8 Collecting as a hobby单元小结学习目标:本单元以“收藏物品”为话题,围绕“学生的收藏爱好”这个主题展开。学会阅读和谈论别人和自己收藏习惯和爱好相关的短语和句式。能写出自己和别人收藏的小短文。语法目标:学习人称代词和物主代词的用法。听说目标:能听懂收藏的小短文,能按课文要求谈论个人收藏。写作目标:能按课文要求写出个人收藏的小短文。目录知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式要点1 重点短语 练习要点2 重点句式 练习要点3构词法:im/in/un构成反义前缀 练习【精讲精练】要点1 动名词作表语和不定式作表语的用法 练习要点2 develop的用法 练习要点3 thousands of的用法 练习要点4 own的用法 练习要点5 handle的用法 练习要点6 add.的用法 练习要点7 absolutely的用法 练习要点8 seem的用法 练习要点9 explain的用法 练习要点10 produce 的用法 练习要点11 attract的用法 练习要点12 object的用法 练习要点13 unlock的用法 练习要点14 include 的用法 练习要点15 waste的用法 练习要点16 harm的用法 练习要点17 valuable的用法 练习要点18 remind的用法 练习要点19 result的用法 练习要点20 thanks to的用法 练习要点21 be used to doing sth.的用法 练习要点22 other,the other,others,the others,another的用法 练习知识要点二、语法要点1 人称代词和物主代词的用法 21知识要点三、书面表达要点1 话题分析 22要点2 词汇短语积累 22要点3句式积累 23要点4实战演练 23【重点短语】key rings钥匙圈2. model planes模型飞机3.develop a hobby培养爱好4. with great care非常小心5.a waste of time浪费时间6. add … to ...把....添加到.....7. more and more越来越多8. pocket money零花钱9. all over the world全世界10.be similar to 与….相似11.thanks to 由于,幸亏12.thousands of 成千上万的13.seem impossible 似乎不可能14.build up a collection 建立一个收藏15.belong to 属于16. think of 想起17.a collection of food plant 食用植物收藏18.on the left/right 在左边/在右边19.a muast-see object 一个必看的东西20.unlock a secret code揭示密码【重点句式】1. I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.多亏了爷爷,我养成了这个爱好。2.He is a stamp collector, and he owns thousands of stamps.他是个集邮者,他拥有数千枚邮票3.Some of them are valuable, so he always handles them with great care.有些很贵重,他总是非常小心地触碰它们。4.Every Sunday my grandpa adds new ones to his collection,每个星期天,我爷爷都会给他的收藏增加新的5.I am learning more and more about Chinese history and culture.我越来越了解中国的历史和文化。6.He got really curious about it, so he asked me to tell him some other interesting bits of history about the buildings. 他真的很好奇,所以他让我告诉他一些关于这些建筑的其他有趣的历史。7.I collect postcards. They remind me of the beautiful places I've visited.我收集明信片。它们让我想起我去过的美丽地方。8.My parents don't like my collection. They think it's a waste of time and money.我父母不喜欢我的收藏。他们认为这是浪费时间和金钱。9.When it flowers, it will produce a strong smell to attract insects.当它开花时,会产生强烈的气味来吸引昆虫10. My collection includes wrappers in different shapes, sizes and colors.我的收藏包括不同形状、大小和颜色的包装纸。11. There are three reasons why I collect chocolate wrappers.我收集巧克力包装纸有三个原因。12.She has rocks of different colours,shapes and sizes. They are from lakes, rivers, forests and mountains.她有各种颜色、形状和大小的石头。它们来自湖泊、河流、森林和山脉。13.Some of my classmates think it's strange, but my parents support me. They love my plants because they make our home look really interesting.我的一些同学认为这很奇怪,但我的父母支持我。他们喜欢我的植物,因为它们让我们的家看起来很有趣。14.This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value这是我的收藏,我是一个硬币收藏者。我喜欢收集硬币,因为它们有着悠久的历史背景和文化价值。【构词法】在形容词前加前缀in或im,构成原词的反义词 如:possible可能的--impossible 不可能的patient有耐心的-- impatient没有耐心的polite礼貌的--impolite没礼貌的correct正确的--incorrect不正确的direct直接的--indirect间接的in、im和un前缀的区别 in、im和un都是英语中的否定前缀,它们的主要区别在于适用范围和使用场景。 in前缀 适用范围 :主要适用于形容词、名词和某些动词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“非、不、无”,或表示 “缺乏”。 示例 :incorrect 不正确的、 inactive 不活跃的 informal :非正式的 invisible 看不见的、 inability 无能、 inaccuracy不准确。im前缀 适用范围 :主要适用于以m、b、p开头的单词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“非、不、无”。 示例 :impossible不可能的、impolite不礼貌的、immoral不道德的。un前缀 适用范围 :适用于名词、形容词、副词和动词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“不、非、无、相反的”。 示例 :unhappy不快乐的、 unfair不公平的、unfinished未完成的、unemployment失业、 unrest动荡不安、unexpectedly意外地。【精讲精练】要点 1.动名词作表语和不定式作表语。but my hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。这里是动名词做表语用。类似句子:The best way to learn a language is using it.His job is painting the walls.不定式也可做表语,如:My dream is to go to space.一般说来:动名词做表语:抽象的一般行为,具有一般性和反复性。动词不定式做表语:表示一次性的或将来或计划的行为。His job is painting the walls.中的“painting the walls”表示他的工作是粉刷墙,这是一种经常性的行为。His job is to paint the walls.中的"to paint the walls"表示他的工作是粉刷这些墙,这是一种具体的行动。 【典例分析】1.他的梦想是想成为一名科学家His dream is____________________________.2.他的工作是清扫街道。His job is ______________________________.要点 2. develop 1. 发展、发育 :表示某物或某人的成长和发展。例如:The child is developing normally.这孩子发育正常The company has rapidly developed from a small startup into a thriving business.这家公司迅速发展壮大2.开发、研制 :表示开发新产品或新技术。例如:Scientists developed the vaccine from an existing medicine.科学家们从现有药物中研制出了疫苗The company develops and markets new software.这家公司开发并销售新软件3. 养成习惯 :表示养成某种习惯或行为。例如:Try to develop good reading habits.要养成良好的阅读习惯【同根词】development:n. 发展,壮大;developed:adj. 发达的,高度发展的;developing:adj. 发展中的;developer:n.(房地产)开发商,研发者,研制者。Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一个发达国家。China is a developing country. 中国是个发展中国家。【典例分析】1.The Great Britain is a ______________(develop) country.2.Education is central to a country's economic ______________ (develop).3.—Do you think Japan is a _______ country?—No, it isn't. China is a _______ country.A. developing; developing B. developed; developedC. developed; developing D. developing; developed要点 3.thousands of 好几千;成千上万thousands of,意为“好几千,成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”,用来表示不确定的数目时,thousand应变为复数,且在后面加of。拓展:与thousand用法类似的词Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万)等表示概数时,本身要用复数形式,后接“of+可数名词复数”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名词复数”,意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词,则直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用复数形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客【典例分析】1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand要点 4. own形容词用法 自己的 :表示某物属于某人自己,例如:I have my own car.我有自己的车。She has her own apartment.她有自己的公寓。动词用法 拥有 :表示某人拥有某物,可以用作及物动词或不及物动词,例如:He owns a small business.他拥有一家小型企业。They own several properties in the city.他们在城市里拥有几处房产。 常见搭配on one's own :独自地,例如:He finished the project on his own.他独自完成了这个项目。 She left on her own.她自己离开了。of one's own :某人自己的,例如:She has a house of her own.她有自己的房子。She wants to have a place of her own.她想要拥有自己的地方。owner 物主,所有者The owner of the restaurant decided to expand its menu to attract more customers.【典例分析】1.他有一座自己的房子,这座房子是去年他独自建的,所以他是该房子的主人。He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.A.my own private B .him own privateC. his own D. own his private4. — What did Mr. Smith have — He used to _____________ a big company and a large piece of land.A. count B. search C. own D. hide要点 5. handlehandle名词:把手 , 柄 She turned the handle and opened the door . 她转动把手,打开了门.动词:处理 ,应付,买卖。 They were arrested for handling stolen goods .他们因处理赃物被捕.The headmaster handled the situation very well. 校长把这个情况处理的很好 handle situation : 处理局势 handle problem : 处理问题 handle business : 处理业务 handle information :处理信息【典例分析】1.It is so wise_______you________ the problem in such a simple way.A. of; to handle B. for; to handle C. of; handling D. for; handling2.Customers are asked not to h_________ the goods in the shop.要点 6. add1.add表示“加;增加”,常与介词to连用,即“add ... to ...”,意为“把...加到...中去;往...中加...”。例如:Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了 If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10 2.补充说明 :add还可以表示“补充(说道)”,即“又说;继续说”。例如:She added that we must get back as soon as possible.构成短语(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如: Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如: Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me. 把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.【典例分析】1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste betterA. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/要点 7. absolutelyabsolutely 副词,主要用来加强语气,表示“完全地”或“绝对地”。表示肯定 : Absolutely right :完全正确。 Absolutely certain :表示确信无疑。 Absolutely necessary :表示绝对必要 表示否定 : Absolutely not :表示 “绝对不行”。 表示情感 : Absolutely fascinated :表示非常着迷。 Absolutely delicious :表示非常美味。【典例分析】1.It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not a____________ impossible.2.Let me show you an ______ wonderful stamp of the Palace Museum. A. absolutely B. completely C. really D. sincerely要点 8.seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。【典例分析】1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。It __________ ___________an interesting film.2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.—It ______ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks要点 9.1)explain v. 解释;说明explain to sb. :向某人解释。explain sth. to sb. :向某人解释某事She explained the reason to me carefully.她认真地向我解释了原因。Can you explain to us how to use the computer 你能向我们解释一下怎样使用这台电脑吗?(2)explain+that/how/why从句,意为“(向某人)解释/说明……”。(3)explain (to sb.)+疑问词+动词不定式explain的名词形式是explanation,其意思是“解释、说明、阐述”The explanation is clear and easy to understand.这个解释清晰易懂。The explanation of the policy is not satisfactory.对这项政策的解释并不令人满意。【典例分析】1.根据汉语意思完成句子①请您把第三段给我们解释一下好吗?Will you please ________ the third paragraph________ ________?②请跟我说明从哪里开始以及该如何做。Please ________ ________ ________ ________ to start and how to do it.用所给词的适当形式填空Sally loves chocolate. That ________(explain) why it's hard for her to lose weight.2.The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick. They______whether the medicine is out date.A. excuse B. experience C. expect D. explain3.It was difficult to ______ the problem clearly to beginners.A. explain B. describe C. understand D. solve要点 10.similar作形容词,表示“相似的”、“类似的”。例如:The two cars are very similar in size and color.这两辆汽车大小和颜色都非常相似. be similar to :表示“与……相似”。例如:Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的观点和我的很相似 。 similar的名词形式是“similarity”,意思是“相似性、类似性”There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他们的演唱风格有点像 The report highlights the similarities between the two groups. 这份报告强调两组之间的相似性 .【典例分析】1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures —The difference Oh, no. They look quite . A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar要点 11. produce动词用法 : 生产,制造 创作, 生育 :例如,The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.这家工厂每星期生产一千辆轿车 He produced a new play last year.他去年创作了一部新剧。 The cow produced a calf last night.母牛昨晚生了一只小牛名词用法 : 产品 :例如,The produce section of the grocery store sells fruits and vegetables.杂货店的农产品区出售水果和蔬菜 production :名词,表示“生产,作品”,例如,The production of the play was a huge success.这部剧的演出非常成功。 productive :形容词,表示“多产的,富有成效的”,例如,The farm is very productive this year.这个农场今年非常高产. producer :名词,表示“制作人,生产者”,例如,He is a famous music producer.他是一位著名的音乐制作人.【典例分析】1. My father’s car is a home ___________ (produce).2. The ___________ (produce) should think more of the consumer.3.The factory p __________ a lot of furniture every year. (根据单词首字母填写合适单词)4. The communication of the two groups __________ many good ideas.A. produced B. discovered C. invented D. expressed5. Tea leaves are ________ in the south of China. And people there enjoy drinking tea.A. invented B. produced C. heated D. washed要点 12.attract 表示“吸引”或“引起”。例如:The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批观众 。She gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.她轻轻地咳了一声好引起我注意同根词attractive :形容词,表示“有吸引力的”。例如:The new car is very attractive. 这辆新车非常吸引人 。 attraction :名词,表示“吸引力”或“吸引人的事物”。例如:The museum is a great attraction for tourists. 博物馆是游客的一大景点 【典例分析】1.The story is very ____________ (attract).2.He visited many ____________ (attract)in Australia.3.她试图引起服务员的注意。(根据中文意思完成句子)She________ _________ _________ the attention of the waiter.4. The famous place of interest a_______ millions of people to visit every year. (根据首字母写单词完成句子)5.So far, the AIIB(亚投行)has________about 100 countries to be its members.A. attacked B. attracted C. admired D. appeared6.What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made!That’s true. So far it has_________tens of millions of people to go to the cinema.A. requested B. expected C. attracted D. encouraged要点 13. object作为名词object1.物体、物品 。例如:The object on the table is a book.桌子上的那个物体是一本书。2.目标、目的 。例如:The main object of the game is to score points.游戏的主要目的是得分。3.宾语 :在语法术语中,object也可作宾语解。例如:The teacher gave the students an object lesson.老师给学生们上了一堂生动的课。【典例分析】1.There are different kinds of o______ on the table.2.In Britain, people avoid talking about age, weight or money. Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite________of conversation.A. objects B. subjects C. programs D. projects要点 14. unlock1.及物动词 :开启;开…的锁;表露。例如:The lock on the door can be unlocked with a key.门锁可以用钥匙打开。 2.不及物动词 :解开;解出锁定;被开启。例如:The door unlocked easily.门很容易就打开了。lock 名词:锁。动词:锁住 。He turned the key in the lock. 他转动钥匙开锁。【典例分析】1.Scientists tried their best to ________(揭示the secrets of the universe.2.He turned the key to ______(lock)the door and went into the room.3.它就像一个打开密码的宝藏.It's like a treasure that _____ ____ _____ ______.要点 15. includeincluding的用法including作介词,意为“包括;包含”,后接名词、代词或动名词。例如:The singer sang many songs, including some of my favourites.这个歌手唱了很多首歌,包括一些我最喜欢的歌。辨析include, including与includedinclude 作及物动词,可在句中作谓语,意为“包括;包含;使……成为一部分”。通常不用于进行时。including 作介词,位于它所修饰的词之前,意为“包括”,和其后的名词、代词或动名词构成介宾短语,意为“包括……在内”。including+名词/代词=名词/代词+included。included 作形容词,常位于名词或代词后,意为“包括在内的”。 Your duties will include putting the children to bed.你的职责将包括让孩子们上床睡觉。Thirty people, including six children/six children included, went to see the film.有30个人去看了这部电影,其中包括6个孩子。Everyone laughed, me included.每个人都笑了,包括我在内。【典例分析】1.我有很多工作要做,包括做饭和打扫房间。I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.A. include B. including C. included D. to include4. Congratulations! Most of you have passed the final exam, Tony ________.A. including B. include C. includes D. included要点16 waste(1)waste 作不可数名词,意为“浪费,废物,垃圾”。a waste of意为“浪费……”。例如:I hate waste. 我讨厌浪费。It’s a waste of time. 这就是浪费时间。(2)waste 作形容词,意为“无用的,浪费的,荒废的”。例如:We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我们不应该乱扔废纸。A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。(3)waste 作及物动词,意为“浪费”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪费时间 / 金钱”。Don’t waste water! 不要浪费水。【典例分析】1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground. A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce every day and it is harmful to our environment. A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste3. 妈妈认为玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.4. 这条河流被从工厂流出的废物严重污染。The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.A. waste B. put C. share D. give要点 17.valuable词性形容词,意为:贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的,用作表语时,可与介词to连用,常用短语be valuable to sb.“对某人来说很有价值”。This is a valuable painting. 这是一幅很珍贵的画。The book is valuable to me. 这本书对我来说很有价值。valuable adj. 有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的用法 例句valuable形容词意为“有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.value作为名词时意为“价值”;作为动词意为“重视;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.【典例分析】1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.A. something valuable B. anything valuableC. important things D. nothing special3. Your advice is very to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable4. Your advice is of great ________ to us all. We will take the ________ advice.A. valuable; value B. interest; interested C. value; valuable D. success; successful要点 18. remindremind1.表示 “使想起;使记起”,常见搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that从句“使某人回忆起……”。例如:He reminds me of his father.The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.2.表示“提醒”,常见搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;remind sb.+ that从句“提醒某人……”。Please remind me to post the letter.She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.【典例分析】1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.A.remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.—No problem. I'll surely you. A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made4.他的父母经常提醒他努力学习。His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.5.我提醒她必须在天黑之前回家。I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.6. 这些照片使我想起了我的学生时代。The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.要点 19. result的用法result 作名词,意为“后果;结果”;作动词,意为“发生;导致”。常用短语:result from意为“由……造成”,后接原因;result in意为“导致”,后接结果;as a result意为“因此;结果是”,后接结果,要用逗号隔开;as a result of意为“由于……的原因”,后接原因。例如:The bankrupt of the company resulted from poor management.公司破产是由管理不善造成的。The poor management results in the bankrupt of the company.管理不善导致这个公司破产。as a result为习惯短语,意为“因此;结果”,在句中作状语。例如:He didn’t practice, and as a result ,he lost. 他没有练习,所以输了。【拓展】as a result of意为“由于……;作为……的结果”。先交代结果,再用as a result of连接原因。例如:We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨,我们不能出去。【典例分析】1.He was late________ the snow.A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of3.—I’m thinking about what to write about Human World in my report.—You can read some ________ about the book first.A.news B.reviews C.results D.notice3.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of4.Six people were dead the accident.A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of5.用result构成的常用短语填空。(不限字数)1)她因天气寒冷而生病。She was ill ___________ the cold weather.2)许多竹林遭到砍伐,其结果是,越来越多的野生大熊猫失去了它们的家园。Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.3)他的成功源于长年的努力工作。His success___________ years of hard work.= His success___________ years of hard work.4)长年的辛勤工作造就了他的成功。His years of hard work _________ success.= His years of hard work _________ success.5) 由于污染,该地区的居民很容易生病。People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.6)这种可怕的疾病已造成数千人死亡。This terrible disease _______________ thousands of deaths.要点 20. thanks tothanks to是介词短语,意为“多亏,由于”,thanks不可以改为thank you, to后接表示感谢的对象。例如:Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.多亏英语语言,我们能从其它国家学到很多东西。Thanks to your help, I got a good mark in the exam.多亏你的帮助,我考试取得了好成绩。辨析:thanks to 与thanks forthanks to 介词短语意为“多亏;幸亏”,相当于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名词\代词或名词性短语。thanks for 动词短语,意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因,可以是名词或动词-ing形式。【典例分析】1. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to2 ________ the government's efforts, my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A. As for B. With the help C. Instead of D. Thanks to3.谢谢你邀请我们参加你的生日聚会._________ _______ ________us to your birthday party.4.幸亏汤姆,我找到了这么好的房子。________ __________Tom, I found this great apartment.要点 21.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,意思是现在不做了,主语常是人,当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事,主语也通常是人,但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。be used for doing sth. 被用于做某be used to do sth. 被用于做某事【典例分析】1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.A.used to get B.been used to getC.used for getting D.been used to getting2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eatC. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city, but he _________________ living in a village now.2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.要点 22.other, the other, others, the others, anotherother 泛指,“另外的;其他的”,作形容词/代词。做定语,修饰名词。常用于:each other结构 “互相,彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class. 他比班上其他的孩子都聪明。 We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects. 我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他科目。the other 两者中的另一者,one...the other...意为“一个...另一个...”; 之后也可接数词/复数名词,特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green. 我有两支铅笔,一支是红色的,另一支是绿色的。others 作代词,泛指“其他的人或物”,剩余的另一些(并非全部), 与some对比使用时,表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing. 许多人在公园里,一些在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。the others 剩余的全部,特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”,是 the other 的复数形式,相当于“the other+复数名词” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis. 每天下午我去游泳,而其他人打网球。another 泛指三个/三个以上同类事物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词 I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请让我看看另一个。特别注意:other others the others another的区别(口诀:有名无S,有the 有范围)a,先记住这些搭配one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)one …. the others 一个…….另一些some … some ….othersb, another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意c, the other 和the others 表一定范围内另一个,另一些。注意文中有范围,相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。d,others 和the others后不接名词。【典例分析】1. You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.A. others B. other C. the other D. the others2. Write some words on a side of the card and draw a picture on ________ side.A. another B. the other C. others D. the others3.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:1) I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.2) I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.3) I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.4) Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.5) We should save money to help ______________ poor children.6) Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping7)Where are my ________ books 8)I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one 9)Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.10)In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan人称代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 复数 单数 单数 单数 复数主格 I we you you he she it they宾格 me us you you him her it they汉语 我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他们人称代词主格用于动词前,作主语。如:I am a student. 我是学生。You look young. 你(们)看起来很年轻。She goes swimming every day. 她每天游泳。人称代词宾格用于动词或介词后,作宾语。如:Miss Li will teach us next week. 下周李老师会教我们。We’re looking for him. 我们正在找他。The dog is hungry. Please give it something to eat.这狗饿了,请给它一点吃的。物主代词物主代词表示“……(人)的”,表所属关系。名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词是物主代词的两大分支。一般来说,形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,作定语。名词性物主代词起名词的作用,在句子中可以做主语,宾语,定语或者是主语补语。形容词物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法区分(1)形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词,不能单独使用,后面必接名词,表示所有。形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,在句中作定语用。例如:my pen我的钢笔 your bag你的书包 his bike他的自行车 her desk她的书桌 (2)在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。例:There is a book. It's hers. 这有本书。是她的。(3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词,有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.为避免重复使用bag,可写成My bag(形容词性) is yellow, hers(名词性=her bag) is red, his(名词性=his bag) is blue and yours(名词性=your bag) is pink. 即:My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.(4)物主代词的表格 数,类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数形容词性物主代词 my our your your his her its their名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs汉语 我的 我们的 你的 你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的【典例分析】1. —Is that eraser —No, it isn’t. It’s .A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers4.—Is this____ computer —Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine5. —Is this________ ruler —Yes, it’s her ruler.A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates —Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.A. he B. his C. him D. himself8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.A. him B. her C. them D. it9. — Are these _______ pencils — No. They are _______.A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the10. — Whose bike is this — It’s ______.A. I B. me C. my D. mine二、 按提示的人称用适当形式的代词填空。1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.6. Is that box _________ (you) Yes, it’s __________ (my).7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.【话题分析】单元是围绕“收藏作为一种爱好”进行写作,运用目标单词和短语及句式介绍你或你周围的人的收藏爱好。通过学习范文,模仿文章结构,结合关键词来完成话题写作。1.目标语言:一般现在时,或过去时态,关于“收集”方面的单词和短语。2.文章结构可以从这几个方面着手写:a.喜欢的收藏。b.如何进行收藏(什么时候开始,如何获得,规模,最喜欢的收藏)c.喜欢收藏意义及感受。3.通过写作训练复习本单元的词汇及句型,使本单元目标语言在实际语言环境中得到运用.Basic structure of a description of a collection【短语积累】1. 有趣的收藏 ____________________2.收集邮票____________________3把...添加到.. ____________________4.浪费时间____________________5. (父母给孩子的)零花钱____________________6.全世界____________________7.钥匙圈____________________8.飞机模型____________________9培养一个爱好____________________10. 使想起 ___________________11 多亏了 ____________________12.极其小心地____________________13.对......感兴趣____________________14. 收集甜蜜回忆____________________15 达到(某数量、程度等) ____________________【句式积累】1.这是我的收藏,我是一个硬币收藏者。我喜欢收集硬币,因为它们有着悠久的历史背景和文化价值。(文章开头)2.我的爱好是收集明信片。我收集了200多张来自不同地方的明信片。(文章开头)3.两年前,我开始收集旧书。(文章中间)4.多亏了爷爷,我养成了这个爱好。 (文章中间)5.我在花市或网上买了一些。我也从朋友那里得到了一些。 (文章中间)6.我一直在通过与其他收藏家交流来增加我的收藏。(文章中间)7.我喜欢邮票,因为它们很漂亮。他们还可以教我不同国家的历史和文化.(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)8.它们让我想起与家人和朋友在一起的幸福时刻(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)9.通过明信片,我可以体验世界的美丽和多样性.(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)10.我父母不喜欢我收集它们,他们认为这是浪费时间和金钱。他们认为我必须把学习放在第一位。(对收藏的看法)11.多亏了这张邮票,我对中国传统建筑产生了兴趣,并开始收集类似的邮票(对收藏的看法)【实战演练】假设你是Peter,平时喜欢收集各种票。请根据下面的提示,以“My collection”为题写一篇英语短文。要求80词左右,可围绕提示内容适当发挥,开头已给出,不计入总词数。提示:1.When did you start to collect tickets 2.How many tickets do you have now 3.How do you get them What’s your favourite ticket and the reason 4.Why do you like collecting tickets ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台Unit 8 Collecting as a hobby单元小结学习目标:本单元以“收藏物品”为话题,围绕“学生的收藏爱好”这个主题展开。学会阅读和谈论别人和自己收藏习惯和爱好相关的短语和句式。能写出自己和别人收藏的小短文。语法目标:学习人称代词和物主代词的用法。听说目标:能听懂收藏的小短文,能按课文要求谈论个人收藏。写作目标:能按课文要求写出个人收藏的小短文。目录知识要点一、重点单词,短语及句式要点1 重点短语 练习要点2 重点句式 练习要点3构词法:im/in/un构成反义前缀 练习【精讲精练】要点1 动名词作表语和不定式作表语的用法 练习要点2 develop的用法 练习要点3 thousands of的用法 练习要点4 own的用法 练习要点5 handle的用法 练习要点6 add.的用法 练习要点7 absolutely的用法 练习要点8 seem的用法 练习要点9 explain的用法 练习要点10 produce 的用法 练习要点11 attract的用法 练习要点12 object的用法 练习要点13 unlock的用法 练习要点14 include 的用法 练习要点15 waste的用法 练习要点16 harm的用法 练习要点17 valuable的用法 练习要点18 remind的用法 练习要点19 result的用法 练习要点20 thanks to的用法 练习要点21 be used to doing sth.的用法 练习要点22 other,the other,others,the others,another的用法 练习知识要点二、语法要点1 人称代词和物主代词的用法 24知识要点三、书面表达要点1 话题分析 28要点2 词汇短语积累 29要点3句式积累 30要点4实战演练 31【重点短语】key rings钥匙圈2. model planes模型飞机3.develop a hobby培养爱好4. with great care非常小心5.a waste of time浪费时间6. add … to ...把....添加到.....7. more and more越来越多8. pocket money零花钱9. all over the world全世界10.be similar to 与….相似11.thanks to 由于,幸亏12.thousands of 成千上万的13.seem impossible 似乎不可能14.build up a collection 建立一个收藏15.belong to 属于16. think of 想起17.a collection of food plant 食用植物收藏18.on the left/right 在左边/在右边19.a muast-see object 一个必看的东西20.unlock a secret code揭示密码【重点句式】1. I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.多亏了爷爷,我养成了这个爱好。2.He is a stamp collector, and he owns thousands of stamps.他是个集邮者,他拥有数千枚邮票3.Some of them are valuable, so he always handles them with great care.有些很贵重,他总是非常小心地触碰它们。4.Every Sunday my grandpa adds new ones to his collection,每个星期天,我爷爷都会给他的收藏增加新的5.I am learning more and more about Chinese history and culture.我越来越了解中国的历史和文化。6.He got really curious about it, so he asked me to tell him some other interesting bits of history about the buildings. 他真的很好奇,所以他让我告诉他一些关于这些建筑的其他有趣的历史。7.I collect postcards. They remind me of the beautiful places I've visited.我收集明信片。它们让我想起我去过的美丽地方。8.My parents don't like my collection. They think it's a waste of time and money.我父母不喜欢我的收藏。他们认为这是浪费时间和金钱。9.When it flowers, it will produce a strong smell to attract insects.当它开花时,会产生强烈的气味来吸引昆虫10. My collection includes wrappers in different shapes, sizes and colors.我的收藏包括不同形状、大小和颜色的包装纸。11. There are three reasons why I collect chocolate wrappers.我收集巧克力包装纸有三个原因。12.She has rocks of different colours,shapes and sizes. They are from lakes, rivers, forests and mountains.她有各种颜色、形状和大小的石头。它们来自湖泊、河流、森林和山脉。13.Some of my classmates think it's strange, but my parents support me. They love my plants because they make our home look really interesting.我的一些同学认为这很奇怪,但我的父母支持我。他们喜欢我的植物,因为它们让我们的家看起来很有趣。14.This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value这是我的收藏,我是一个硬币收藏者。我喜欢收集硬币,因为它们有着悠久的历史背景和文化价值。【构词法】在形容词前加前缀in或im,构成原词的反义词 如:possible可能的--impossible 不可能的patient有耐心的-- impatient没有耐心的polite礼貌的--impolite没礼貌的correct正确的--incorrect不正确的direct直接的--indirect间接的in、im和un前缀的区别 in、im和un都是英语中的否定前缀,它们的主要区别在于适用范围和使用场景。 in前缀 适用范围 :主要适用于形容词、名词和某些动词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“非、不、无”,或表示 “缺乏”。 示例 :incorrect 不正确的、 inactive 不活跃的 informal :非正式的 invisible 看不见的、 inability 无能、 inaccuracy不准确。im前缀 适用范围 :主要适用于以m、b、p开头的单词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“非、不、无”。 示例 :impossible不可能的、impolite不礼貌的、immoral不道德的。un前缀 适用范围 :适用于名词、形容词、副词和动词。 含义 :表示否定意义,如“不、非、无、相反的”。 示例 :unhappy不快乐的、 unfair不公平的、unfinished未完成的、unemployment失业、 unrest动荡不安、unexpectedly意外地。【精讲精练】要点 1.动名词作表语和不定式作表语。but my hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。这里是动名词做表语用。类似句子:The best way to learn a language is using it.His job is painting the walls.不定式也可做表语,如:My dream is to go to space.一般说来:动名词做表语:抽象的一般行为,具有一般性和反复性。动词不定式做表语:表示一次性的或将来或计划的行为。His job is painting the walls.中的“painting the walls”表示他的工作是粉刷墙,这是一种经常性的行为。His job is to paint the walls.中的"to paint the walls"表示他的工作是粉刷这些墙,这是一种具体的行动。 【典例分析】1.他的梦想是想成为一名科学家His dream is____________________________.2.他的工作是清扫街道。His job is ______________________________.【答案】1.to be a scientist 2.cleaning the streets要点 2. develop 1. 发展、发育 :表示某物或某人的成长和发展。例如:The child is developing normally.这孩子发育正常The company has rapidly developed from a small startup into a thriving business.这家公司迅速发展壮大2.开发、研制 :表示开发新产品或新技术。例如:Scientists developed the vaccine from an existing medicine.科学家们从现有药物中研制出了疫苗The company develops and markets new software.这家公司开发并销售新软件3. 养成习惯 :表示养成某种习惯或行为。例如:Try to develop good reading habits.要养成良好的阅读习惯【同根词】development:n. 发展,壮大;developed:adj. 发达的,高度发展的;developing:adj. 发展中的;developer:n.(房地产)开发商,研发者,研制者。Canada is a developed country. 加拿大是一个发达国家。China is a developing country. 中国是个发展中国家。【典例分析】1.The Great Britain is a ______________(develop) country.2.Education is central to a country's economic ______________ (develop).【解析】1.developed country 发达国家。developing country 发展中国家。2.develoment 发展。名词。3.—Do you think Japan is a _______ country?—No, it isn't. China is a _______ country.A. developing; developing B. developed; developedC. developed; developing D. developing; developed【答案】C【解析】developing 发展中的。Developed 发达的。根据常识。日本是发达国家,中国是发展中的国家,故答案选C要点 3.thousands of 好几千;成千上万thousands of,意为“好几千,成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”,用来表示不确定的数目时,thousand应变为复数,且在后面加of。拓展:与thousand用法类似的词Hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万)等表示概数时,本身要用复数形式,后接“of+可数名词复数”,即“hundreds/thousands/millions +of+名词复数”,意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词,则直接用hundred /thousand/million等,不用复数形式,也不加of。It cost me two hundred dollars.它花了我200美元The restaurant receives hundreds of customers every day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客【典例分析】1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。Every year trees are planted on the hills to protect the environment.【解析】thousands of2. It is reported that nearly _________ foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year,and a third of them came from China.A. nine thousand B. nine thousands C. nine thousand of D. nine thousands of【答案】A【解析】句意:据悉,去年近九千个外国孩子加入了英国寄宿学校,其中三分之一来自中国。考查数量的表达。thousand名词,千;前面有具体数字时,后面thousand不能用复数,也不能跟of; thousands of表示约数。故选A。3. birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.A. Thousands of B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands【答案】A【解析】 考查数词的用法。句意:数千只鸟已经回来,因为这里的环境变得越来越好。thousands of数千的,thousand 与数词连用时使用单数,与of连用时使用复数。故选A。4. It is reported that there are over ______ koalas dying in the disastrous wild fire broke out recently in Australia.A. thousands of B. 8 thousands C. 8 thousands of D. 8 thousand【答案】D【解析】millions of 数以百万计的。概数。 不能与具体数字连用。2.D thousands of 数以千计的。Thousand可以与具体数字连用。Thousand后面不加“s”。要点 4. own形容词用法 自己的 :表示某物属于某人自己,例如:I have my own car.我有自己的车。She has her own apartment.她有自己的公寓。动词用法 拥有 :表示某人拥有某物,可以用作及物动词或不及物动词,例如:He owns a small business.他拥有一家小型企业。They own several properties in the city.他们在城市里拥有几处房产。 常见搭配on one's own :独自地,例如:He finished the project on his own.他独自完成了这个项目。 She left on her own.她自己离开了。of one's own :某人自己的,例如:She has a house of her own.她有自己的房子。She wants to have a place of her own.她想要拥有自己的地方。owner 物主,所有者The owner of the restaurant decided to expand its menu to attract more customers.【典例分析】1.他有一座自己的房子,这座房子是去年他独自建的,所以他是该房子的主人。He has a house __________,and the house was built __________last year,so he is the_________ of the house.【答案】of his own 意为“(某人)自己的” on his own意为“独自” owner “所有权人;主人”2.It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest _______at night.A. on business B.by the way C. on your own D. on the top【答案】你晚上一个人到森林里去散步是很危险的。on one's own意为“独自”,符合题意。3.It’s against the law for him to rush into ________ house without permission.A.my own private B .him own privateC. his own D. own his private【答案】句意为“他未经允许闯入我的私人房屋是违法的”。Own 私人的。故选A4. — What did Mr. Smith have — He used to _____________ a big company and a large piece of land.A. count B. search C. own D. hide【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:——史密斯先生有些什么 ——他曾拥有一家大公司和一大片土地。A. count计算;B. search 搜寻;C. own 拥有;D. hide 隐藏。根据句意可知,own符合语境,故选择C。要点 5. handlehandle名词:把手 , 柄 She turned the handle and opened the door . 她转动把手,打开了门.动词:处理 ,应付,买卖。 They were arrested for handling stolen goods .他们因处理赃物被捕.The headmaster handled the situation very well. 校长把这个情况处理的很好 handle situation : 处理局势 handle problem : 处理问题 handle business : 处理业务 handle information :处理信息【典例分析】1.It is so wise_______you________ the problem in such a simple way.A. of; to handle B. for; to handle C. of; handling D. for; handling【答案】A【详解】句意:你用这么简单的方法处理这个问题真是太聪明了.考查it固定句型.根据"It is so wise...you...the problem in such a simple way.'可知,此处为"It is+形容词+of /for sb+to do sth."的结 构,若此处的形容词是与人的性格特征相关的单词,应用of;若是与事物的特征相关的单词,应用for.由“wise”可知,其为形容人的形容词,故应用of。第二空应用动词不定式.故选A.2.Customers are asked not to h_________ the goods in the shop.【答案】handle 用手触碰。要点 6. add1.add表示“加;增加”,常与介词to连用,即“add ... to ...”,意为“把...加到...中去;往...中加...”。例如:Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了 If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10 2.补充说明 :add还可以表示“补充(说道)”,即“又说;继续说”。例如:She added that we must get back as soon as possible.构成短语(1)add… to… 意为“把……加到……”,例如: Don’t add fuel to the flames. 别再火上浇油了。(2)add to表示“增加;增添”,其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。例如:Each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty.参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。(3)add up 意为“把……加起来”。例如: Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you owe me. 把所有的数字加起来看看你欠我多少。(4)add up to 意为“总计;加起来结果是”。例如:All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有数加起来一共900.【典例分析】1.如果你认为这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。________ some hot water ________ the coffee if you think it is much too strong.【答案】Add to2. If more salt______ to the soup, it will taste betterA. is added B. will be added C. will add D. Adds【答案】A【解析】句意:如果汤里再多加点盐尝起来会更好。根据句意及题干分析此题应用被动语态,其基本结构是be+动词的过去分词,根据主将从现原则,if从句中应用一般现在时态,故选A。3.Please ________ all the figures to see how much they ________.A. add; add up B. add up; add up to C. add up; add up D. add; add to【答案】B【解析】句意“请把数字全部加起来,看看合计有多少”。add填加;add up加起来;add up to合计。根据句意,故选B。4. He. _________ some sugar _________ the coffee.A. put;at B. added;to C. added;with D. added;/【答案】B【解析】句意:他向咖啡里加了一些糖。put…in…意为“把……放入……”;add…to…意为“向……里加……”;根据句意及固定搭配,故选B。要点 7. absolutelyabsolutely 副词,主要用来加强语气,表示“完全地”或“绝对地”。表示肯定 : Absolutely right :完全正确。 Absolutely certain :表示确信无疑。 Absolutely necessary :表示绝对必要 表示否定 : Absolutely not :表示 “绝对不行”。 表示情感 : Absolutely fascinated :表示非常着迷。 Absolutely delicious :表示非常美味。【典例分析】1.It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not a____________ impossible.【答案】absolutely 2.Let me show you an ______ wonderful stamp of the Palace Museum. A. absolutely B. completely C. really D. sincerely【答案】A【解析】句意:让我给你展示一张绝对地很棒的故宫邮票。“absolutely”:副词,意思是 “绝对地”。“completely”:副词,意思是 “完全地”,更多用于修饰动作完成的程度。“really”:副词,意思是 “真地”。“sincerely”:副词,意思是 “真诚地”。“absolutely” 可以用来修饰 “wonderful”,“completely”“really”“sincerely” 在这里不如 “absolutely” 合适。答案选A要点 8.seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。【典例分析】1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。It __________ ___________an interesting film.【答案】seems like2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.【答案】It seems that3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy【答案】seems to be = It seems that4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt【答案】C【解析】句意:在那一刻,琼看起来好像没有机会成为一名教师。看起来好像…“It seems that+从句”固定句型;根据句中的had可知时态应用一般过去时,结合选项,故答案选C。5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.—It ______ that a typhoon is coming. A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。句意:—有乌云,风刮得很大。—似乎一场台风要来。A感觉,B听起来,C似乎,D看起来。句型It seems that...似乎……。其余三项不用于此类句型。故选C。要点 9.1)explain v. 解释;说明explain to sb. :向某人解释。explain sth. to sb. :向某人解释某事She explained the reason to me carefully.她认真地向我解释了原因。Can you explain to us how to use the computer 你能向我们解释一下怎样使用这台电脑吗?(2)explain+that/how/why从句,意为“(向某人)解释/说明……”。(3)explain (to sb.)+疑问词+动词不定式explain的名词形式是explanation,其意思是“解释、说明、阐述”The explanation is clear and easy to understand.这个解释清晰易懂。The explanation of the policy is not satisfactory.对这项政策的解释并不令人满意。【典例分析】1.根据汉语意思完成句子①请您把第三段给我们解释一下好吗?Will you please ________ the third paragraph________ ________?②请跟我说明从哪里开始以及该如何做。Please ________ ________ ________ ________ to start and how to do it.【答案】① explain to me ②explain to me where用所给词的适当形式填空Sally loves chocolate. That ________(explain) why it's hard for her to lose weight.【答案】explanation2.The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick. They______whether the medicine is out date.A. excuse B. experience C. expect D. explain【答案】D【解析】句意:对病人来说,药物说明书是必要的.它们解释这种药是否过期.考查动词辨析.excuse原谅;experience经历;expect期待;explain解释。根据“The instructions on medicine are necessary for the sick”可知药物说明书会解释说明药物是否过期.故选D.3.It was difficult to ______ the problem clearly to beginners.A. explain B. describe C. understand D. solve【答案】A【解析】句意:向初学者清楚地解释这个问题是困难的。“explain”:动词,意思是 “解释”。 “describe”:动词,意思是 “描述”,侧重于描述事物的外观等。“understand”:动词,意思是 “理解”。 “solve”:动词,意思是 “解决”。这里是向初学者清楚地解释问题,“描述”“理解”“解决” 都不符合 “向初学者清楚地…… 问题” 这种语境。答案选A要点 10.similar作形容词,表示“相似的”、“类似的”。例如:The two cars are very similar in size and color.这两辆汽车大小和颜色都非常相似. be similar to :表示“与……相似”。例如:Her ideas are quite similar to mine. 她的观点和我的很相似 。 similar的名词形式是“similarity”,意思是“相似性、类似性”There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他们的演唱风格有点像 The report highlights the similarities between the two groups. 这份报告强调两组之间的相似性 .【典例分析】1.Your new bike is different________ mine, but quite similar________ Jack’s.A. to; to B. to; from C. from; to D. from; from【答案】C【解析】be different from 与。。。不同。Be similar to 与。。。相似。2.—Can you tell the difference between these two pictures —The difference Oh, no. They look quite . A. similar B. different C. strange D. interesting【答案】A【解析】similar"相似的";different"不同的";strange"奇怪的";interesting"有趣的"。结合本题语境可知,它们看起来很"相似",故所缺的词是similar。3. Dona is ________ to her mother in many ways. For example, they are both tall and thin.A. different B. kind C. friendly D. similar【答案】D【解析】根据 they are both tall and thin可知Dona和母亲有许多相似的地方。be similar to与……相似。要点 11. produce动词用法 : 生产,制造 创作, 生育 :例如,The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.这家工厂每星期生产一千辆轿车 He produced a new play last year.他去年创作了一部新剧。 The cow produced a calf last night.母牛昨晚生了一只小牛名词用法 : 产品 :例如,The produce section of the grocery store sells fruits and vegetables.杂货店的农产品区出售水果和蔬菜 production :名词,表示“生产,作品”,例如,The production of the play was a huge success.这部剧的演出非常成功。 productive :形容词,表示“多产的,富有成效的”,例如,The farm is very productive this year.这个农场今年非常高产. producer :名词,表示“制作人,生产者”,例如,He is a famous music producer.他是一位著名的音乐制作人.【典例分析】1. My father’s car is a home ___________ (produce).2. The ___________ (produce) should think more of the consumer.3.The factory p __________ a lot of furniture every year. (根据单词首字母填写合适单词)【解析】1. product product n. 产品;结果;作品 2. production n. 生产;产量 3. produces4. The communication of the two groups __________ many good ideas.A. produced B. discovered C. invented D. expressed【答案】A【解析】句意:两个小组的交流产生了许多好的想法。考查动词词义辨析。produced产生,制造;discovered发现;invented发明;expressed表达。根据“many good ideas”可知,是产生了许多好的想法,故选A。5. Tea leaves are ________ in the south of China. And people there enjoy drinking tea.A. invented B. produced C. heated D. washed【答案】B【解析】句意:茶叶产于中国南方。那里的人喜欢喝茶。考查动词辨析。invented发明;produced生产;heated加热;washed洗。根据“Tea leaves are …in the south of China.”可知,中国南方盛产茶叶。故选B。要点 12.attract 表示“吸引”或“引起”。例如:The flower show attracted large crowds this year.今年的花展吸引了大批观众 。She gave a quiet cough to attract my attention.她轻轻地咳了一声好引起我注意同根词attractive :形容词,表示“有吸引力的”。例如:The new car is very attractive. 这辆新车非常吸引人 。 attraction :名词,表示“吸引力”或“吸引人的事物”。例如:The museum is a great attraction for tourists. 博物馆是游客的一大景点 【典例分析】1.The story is very ____________ (attract).2.He visited many ____________ (attract)in Australia.3.她试图引起服务员的注意。(根据中文意思完成句子)She________ _________ _________ the attention of the waiter.4. The famous place of interest a_______ millions of people to visit every year. (根据首字母写单词完成句子)【答案】1.atractive (吸引人的,形容词) 2. attractions (名词,吸引;吸引人的事物)3. tried to attract 4.attracts5.So far, the AIIB(亚投行)has________about 100 countries to be its members.A. attacked B. attracted C. admired D. appeared【答案】B【解析】句意:到目前为止,亚投行已经吸引了大约100个国家成为其成员.考查动词辨析.attacked袭击;attracted吸引;admired钦佩;appeared出现.分析句子可知,此处表示到目前为止,亚投行已经 吸引了大约100个国家成为其成员.”的含义,故选B。6.What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made!That’s true. So far it has_________tens of millions of people to go to the cinema.A. requested B. expected C. attracted D. encouraged【答案】C【解析】句意:这部电影《中国医生》取得了多么大的成功!——没错.到目前为止,它已经吸引了数干万人去看电影.考查动词辨析.request要求;expect期待;attract吸引;encourag鼓励。根“What a great success the film Chinese Doctors has made”可知,大获成功的原因是吸引了许多人去看。故选C.要点 13. object作为名词object1.物体、物品 。例如:The object on the table is a book.桌子上的那个物体是一本书。2.目标、目的 。例如:The main object of the game is to score points.游戏的主要目的是得分。3.宾语 :在语法术语中,object也可作宾语解。例如:The teacher gave the students an object lesson.老师给学生们上了一堂生动的课。【典例分析】1.There are different kinds of o______ on the table.【答案】objects2.In Britain, people avoid talking about age, weight or money. Instead, weather, holidays, music or books are their favourite________of conversation.A. objects B. subjects C. programs D. projects【答案】B【解析】句意:在英国,人们避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱.相反,天气、假期、音乐或书籍是他们最喜欢的话题.考查名词的辨析.objects对象、物体;subjects话题、主题;program灌序;projects工程.tgjg'instead, weather, holidays, musicor books are their favourite...of conversation.”可知,天气、假期、音乐或书籍应是谈话的话题.故选B.要点 14. unlock1.及物动词 :开启;开…的锁;表露。例如:The lock on the door can be unlocked with a key.门锁可以用钥匙打开。 2.不及物动词 :解开;解出锁定;被开启。例如:The door unlocked easily.门很容易就打开了。lock 名词:锁。动词:锁住 。He turned the key in the lock. 他转动钥匙开锁。【典例分析】1.Scientists tried their best to ________(揭示the secrets of the universe.【答案】unlock2.He turned the key to ______(lock)the door and went into the room.【答案】unlock3.它就像一个打开密码的宝藏.It's like a treasure that _____ ____ _____ ______.【答案】unlocked a secret code要点 15. includeincluding的用法including作介词,意为“包括;包含”,后接名词、代词或动名词。例如:The singer sang many songs, including some of my favourites.这个歌手唱了很多首歌,包括一些我最喜欢的歌。辨析include, including与includedinclude 作及物动词,可在句中作谓语,意为“包括;包含;使……成为一部分”。通常不用于进行时。including 作介词,位于它所修饰的词之前,意为“包括”,和其后的名词、代词或动名词构成介宾短语,意为“包括……在内”。including+名词/代词=名词/代词+included。included 作形容词,常位于名词或代词后,意为“包括在内的”。 Your duties will include putting the children to bed.你的职责将包括让孩子们上床睡觉。Thirty people, including six children/six children included, went to see the film.有30个人去看了这部电影,其中包括6个孩子。Everyone laughed, me included.每个人都笑了,包括我在内。【典例分析】1.我有很多工作要做,包括做饭和打扫房间。I have much work to do,__________ ____________ meals and cleaning the house.【答案】including cooking。including是介词引导的介词短语在句中作状语,起补充说明的作用,前面可用逗号隔开。2.我的工作包括做饭、打扫房间等。My work __________ __________ meals, cleaning the house and so on.【答案】includes。include是及物动词,在句中作谓语3. I have to make breakfast for five people,____me.A. include B. including C. included D. to include【答案】B 此题用语法判定法。分析句子成分可知,空格前是一个完整的句子,排除A与C两项。including介词,意为“包括”,与后面的代词me构成介词短语。4. Congratulations! Most of you have passed the final exam, Tony ________.A. including B. include C. includes D. included【答案】D【解析】including为介词,和其后的名词、代词或动词的ing形式构成介宾短语;include为动词,在句中作谓语;included为形容词,用在名词或代词后,including +名称,代词构成介词短语。要点16 waste(1)waste 作不可数名词,意为“浪费,废物,垃圾”。a waste of意为“浪费……”。例如:I hate waste. 我讨厌浪费。It’s a waste of time. 这就是浪费时间。(2)waste 作形容词,意为“无用的,浪费的,荒废的”。例如:We shouldn’t throw waste paper about. 我们不应该乱扔废纸。A factory is pouring waste water into the river. 一家工厂正在向河里倾倒废水。(3)waste 作及物动词,意为“浪费”。 waste time / money (in)doing / on sth. 表示“在做某事上浪费时间 / 金钱”。Don’t waste water! 不要浪费水。【典例分析】1. After dinner Mum asked me to throw the _______ in the bowls in the bag on the ground. A. fly B. waste C. sand D. scarf【答案】B。【解析】本题考查名词辨析。fly意为“苍蝇”,waste意为“废料;废弃物”,sand 意为“沙;沙子”,scarf意为“围巾”,结合语境可知应选B。2.We all need a healthy environment, but we produce every day and it is harmful to our environment. A. dreams B. trouble C. problems D. waste【答案】D 【解析】本题考查名词辨析。句意:我们都需要一个健康的环境,但是我们每天产生垃圾,它对我们的环境有害。dream梦想;trouble麻烦;problem问题;waste垃圾。根据“它对我们的环境有害”可知选D。3. 妈妈认为玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。Mum thinks it __________ __________ __________ __________ to play computer games.【答案】a waste of time4. 这条河流被从工厂流出的废物严重污染。The river was ___________ __________ __________ __________ from the factory【答案】badly polluted by waste5. —The latest style of Huawei mobile phones will be on sale. I want to buy one.—I think you shouldn’t ________ too much money on new mobile phones you don’t need.A. waste B. put C. share D. give【答案】A【解析】词义辨析法。A浪费; B放; C分享; D给。结合句意“—最新款式的华为手机即将上市, 我想买一个。—我认为你不应该______太多的钱在你不需要的新手机上。”可知, 应该是“浪费”。故选A。要点 17.valuable词性形容词,意为:贵重的;很有用的;宝贵的,用作表语时,可与介词to连用,常用短语be valuable to sb.“对某人来说很有价值”。This is a valuable painting. 这是一幅很珍贵的画。The book is valuable to me. 这本书对我来说很有价值。valuable adj. 有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的用法 例句valuable形容词意为“有价值的;贵重的,宝贵的 ” His wife put on valuable ring and necklace.value作为名词时意为“价值”;作为动词意为“重视;珍惜” His work has no value. I value the opinion of my husband and we agree on most things.【典例分析】1. You’d better go to the Science Museum because there is ________ on show.A. something valuable B. anything valuableC. important things D. nothing special【答案】A【解析】句意:你最好去科学博物馆,因为那里有有价值的东西在展出。考查不定代词。something某事,一般用于肯定句;anything任何事情,用于否定句或疑问句中;things事情;nothing 没什么事,用在肯定句中表示否定意思;valuable有价值的;important重要的;special特殊的。根据“You’d better go to the Science Museum”,可知是科学博物馆里有有价值的东西在展出,本句为肯定句,因此用something,形容词修饰不定代词应置其后;故选A。3. Your advice is very to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A. terrible B. comfortable C. impossible D. valuable【答案】D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。terrible意为“可怕的”;comfortable意为“舒服的”;impossible意为“不可能的”;valuable意为“有价值的”。由下句句意“我确信我们的活动将更有意义”可知,建议非常有价值。故选D。4. Your advice is of great ________ to us all. We will take the ________ advice.A. valuable; value B. interest; interested C. value; valuable D. success; successful【答案】C【解析】句意:你的建议对我们大家都很有价值。我们将接受有价值的建议。考查名词和形容词辨析。valuable有价值的,形容词;value价值,名词;interest兴趣,名词;interested感兴趣的,形容词;success成功,名词;successful成功的,形容词。“of+名词=其形容词”,第一空用在介词of后面,应用名词,建议对于我们来说应该是有价值,所以填value;第二空修饰名词,表示有价值的,应用形容词valuable,故选C。要点 18. remindremind1.表示 “使想起;使记起”,常见搭配:remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人/某物”;remind sb.+ that从句“使某人回忆起……”。例如:He reminds me of his father.The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.2.表示“提醒”,常见搭配remind sb.to do sth.“提醒某人做某事”;remind sb.+ that从句“提醒某人……”。Please remind me to post the letter.She reminded me that I haven’t write to Mother.【典例分析】1.--Don’t forget to come to our party this evening. --I won’t. Mary ______ me just now.A.remembered B. reminded C. reported D. reviewed【答案】B【解析】别忘了今晚来参加我们的聚会--我不会的。玛丽刚才提醒我了。A.记住 B提醒 C,报告 D复习根据句意,remind 提醒。符合题意。2. —Please call me at six tomorrow. I can't be late for the important meeting.—No problem. I'll surely you. A. remind B. beat C. warn D. order【答案】A 【解析】根据题干中的“请明天六点给我打电话。那个重要的会议我不能晚到”可知,答语的含义是“没问题,我会提醒你的”,故所缺的词是remind。3.I happened to find a book on the shelf. The book ________ me of some funny stories.A. gave B. provided C. reminded D. made【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我在书架上碰巧找到一本书,这本书使我想起了一些好笑的故事。根据remind sb. of sth.可知答案为C。4.他的父母经常提醒他努力学习。His parents often remind ________ ________ ______ hard.【答案】him to study. remind sb.to do sth. “提醒某人做某事”remind 后面接不定式。5.我提醒她必须在天黑之前回家。I remind her that ________ _______ _________ home before dark.【答案】she must go remind 后面接宾语从句。6. 这些照片使我想起了我的学生时代。The pictures remind _________ _________my school days.【答案】of me。remind sb. of sb./ sth.“使某人想起某人。要点 19. result的用法result 作名词,意为“后果;结果”;作动词,意为“发生;导致”。常用短语:result from意为“由……造成”,后接原因;result in意为“导致”,后接结果;as a result意为“因此;结果是”,后接结果,要用逗号隔开;as a result of意为“由于……的原因”,后接原因。例如:The bankrupt of the company resulted from poor management.公司破产是由管理不善造成的。The poor management results in the bankrupt of the company.管理不善导致这个公司破产。as a result为习惯短语,意为“因此;结果”,在句中作状语。例如:He didn’t practice, and as a result ,he lost. 他没有练习,所以输了。【拓展】as a result of意为“由于……;作为……的结果”。先交代结果,再用as a result of连接原因。例如:We can’t go out as a result of the heavy rain. 因为下大雨,我们不能出去。【典例分析】1.He was late________ the snow.A.as a result B.as a result of C.in a result D.in a result of【答案】B as a result意为“因此;结果是”,后接结果,要用逗号隔开. as a result of意为“由于……的原因”,后接原因。3.—I’m thinking about what to write about Human World in my report.—You can read some ________ about the book first.A.news B.reviews C.results D.notice【答案】B【详解】句意:——我在考虑在我的报告里写些什么关于《人世间》的东西。——你可以先读一些关于这本书的评论。考查名词辨析。news新闻;reviews评论;results结果;notice通知。根据“I’m ...what to write about Human World in my report” 可知,作者想写关于《人世间》的内容,因此下文应该是读一些《人世间》的书评来了解这本书。故选B。3.The flood ran through the village. ________, 200 people were missing.A.In a result B.As a result C.Result in D.As a result of【答案】B【详解】句意:洪水穿过村庄。结果,200人失踪。考查介词短语。In a result表达错误;As a result结果(作状语);Result in导致(动词短语),造成;As a result of由于……的结果(后跟宾语)。此处逗号隔开,作句中的状语。故选B。4.Six people were dead the accident.A.resulted in B.resulted from C.as a result D.as a result of【答案】D【详解】句意:事故造成6人死亡。考查介词短语,result in 后面加的是导致的结果,意为“导致”“引起(某种结果)”“使……获得某种结果”;result from后面加的是导致的原因,意为“由……造成”“因……产生”;as a result为副词用法,意为“结果是”,后面指事情的结果; as a result of为短语介词,后跟名词、代词等,意为“由于…的原因”。结合题干分析,后部分是主语的原因,那么结合句意,故选D。5.用result构成的常用短语填空。(不限字数)1)她因天气寒冷而生病。She was ill ___________ the cold weather.【答案】as a result of/because of2)许多竹林遭到砍伐,其结果是,越来越多的野生大熊猫失去了它们的家园。Lots of bamboo forests have been cut down. _____________, more and more wild pandas have lost their homes.【答案】as a result3)他的成功源于长年的努力工作。His success___________ years of hard work.= His success___________ years of hard work.【答案】resulted from /came from4)长年的辛勤工作造就了他的成功。His years of hard work _________ success.= His years of hard work _________ success.【答案】resulted in /led to5) 由于污染,该地区的居民很容易生病。People in this area get sick easily _________________the pollution.【答案】as a result of because of6)这种可怕的疾病已造成数千人死亡。This terrible disease _______________ thousands of deaths.【答案】led to /resulted in要点 20. thanks tothanks to是介词短语,意为“多亏,由于”,thanks不可以改为thank you, to后接表示感谢的对象。例如:Thanks to the English language, we can learn a lot from other countries.多亏英语语言,我们能从其它国家学到很多东西。Thanks to your help, I got a good mark in the exam.多亏你的帮助,我考试取得了好成绩。辨析:thanks to 与thanks forthanks to 介词短语意为“多亏;幸亏”,相当于because of /as a result of. to后可以接名词\代词或名词性短语。thanks for 动词短语,意为“因……而感谢”for 后接感谢的原因,可以是名词或动词-ing形式。【典例分析】1. the government’s efforts, our life is becoming better and better. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. According to D. Thanks to【答案】D 【解析】句意:多亏了政府的努力,我们的生活变得越来越好。thanks to 多亏了,由于。2 ________ the government's efforts, my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.A. As for B. With the help C. Instead of D. Thanks to【答案】D【解析】语境推理法。as for 至于, with the help在……帮助下, 后面需加of; instead of 代替, thanks to多亏, 由于, 根据“由于政府的努力,我的家乡正变得越来越美丽。”可知选D符合语境.3.谢谢你邀请我们参加你的生日聚会._________ _______ ________us to your birthday party.【答案】Thanks for inviting4.幸亏汤姆,我找到了这么好的房子。________ __________Tom, I found this great apartment.【答案】Thanks to要点 21.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,意思是现在不做了,主语常是人,当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。 I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事,主语也通常是人,但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。be used for doing sth. 被用于做某be used to do sth. 被用于做某事【典例分析】1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.A.used to get B.been used to getC.used for getting D.been used to getting【答案】D used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,Be used to doing习惯于做某事,根据句意选D。2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eatC. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat【答案】C 句意:约翰过去常常用刀吃用餐,但现在他在北京住了几个月后习惯用筷子吃饭。2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city, but he _________________ living in a village now.【答案】used to is used to2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.【答案】used to3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.【答案】used to4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.【答案】are used to5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.【答案】used to要点 22.other, the other, others, the others, anotherother 泛指,“另外的;其他的”,作形容词/代词。做定语,修饰名词。常用于:each other结构 “互相,彼此 He is cleverer than all the other children in the class. 他比班上其他的孩子都聪明。 We learn Chinese, math, English and other subjects. 我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他科目。the other 两者中的另一者,one...the other...意为“一个...另一个...”; 之后也可接数词/复数名词,特指“其他的” I have two pencils. One is red; the other is green. 我有两支铅笔,一支是红色的,另一支是绿色的。others 作代词,泛指“其他的人或物”,剩余的另一些(并非全部), 与some对比使用时,表示“有的...,有的...” A lot of people are in the park. Some are singing; others are dancing. 许多人在公园里,一些在唱歌,另一些在跳舞。the others 剩余的全部,特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”,是 the other 的复数形式,相当于“the other+复数名词” I go swimming every afternoon while the others play tennis. 每天下午我去游泳,而其他人打网球。another 泛指三个/三个以上同类事物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词 I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请让我看看另一个。特别注意:other others the others another的区别(口诀:有名无S,有the 有范围)a,先记住这些搭配one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)one …. the others 一个…….另一些some … some ….othersb, another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意c, the other 和the others 表一定范围内另一个,另一些。注意文中有范围,相当“其余的”“剩下来的”之意。d,others 和the others后不接名词。【典例分析】1. You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to ________.A. others B. other C. the other D. the others【答案】A【解析】句意:你可以借我的自行车,但不能把它借给别人。考查不定代词。others其他人;other其他的,后常跟复数名词;the other两者中的另一个;the others特指剩余的全部。根据“You can borrow my bike, but you mustn’t lend it to”可知,不能把自行车借给其他人,没有特定范围限制,应用others。故选A。2. Write some words on a side of the card and draw a picture on ________ side.A. another B. the other C. others D. the others【答案】B【解析】句意:在卡片的这一面写一些单词,然后在另一面画一幅画。本题考查代词。another表示三者或三者以上中的另一个;the other表示两者中的一个;others其他的人或物;the others剩下的(人或物)。此处指的是卡片,卡片有两面,one...the other表示“一个……,另一个……”。故选B。3.用another / other / others / the others/the other填空:1) I have two friends. One is Tom, _____________ is Mary.【答案】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)2) I can keep the book for a month, but I’m not allowed to lend it to _____________.【答案】others. 别人。无范围,泛指。3) I can’t work out the fifth question, but I have done all ____________.【答案】the others。其余的,剩下的。有the有范围。4) Lucy, would you show me _____________ photo.【答案】another。another 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意5) We should save money to help ______________ poor children.【答案】other。 后面有名词。且没有范围。故用other。6) Some go to the cinema, ________ go shopping【答案】others。无名词后面一般用others表示泛指。7)Where are my ________ books 【答案】other。不能用the。因为有my特指。8)I don't like the dress, could you please show me _________ one 【答案】another。Another后面一般用名词单数形式。 在不定数中“再”“又”“别的”之意9)Mary has two kids, one is a teacher, _____________is a doctor.【答案】the other 。one … the other 一个…… 另一个(两个)10)In my class, only the twins are from China, ____________ are from Japan【答案】the others。The others 表示有范围。剩下的,其余的。人称代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 复数 单数 单数 单数 复数主格 I we you you he she it they宾格 me us you you him her it they汉语 我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他们人称代词主格用于动词前,作主语。如:I am a student. 我是学生。You look young. 你(们)看起来很年轻。She goes swimming every day. 她每天游泳。人称代词宾格用于动词或介词后,作宾语。如:Miss Li will teach us next week. 下周李老师会教我们。We’re looking for him. 我们正在找他。The dog is hungry. Please give it something to eat.这狗饿了,请给它一点吃的。物主代词物主代词表示“……(人)的”,表所属关系。名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词是物主代词的两大分支。一般来说,形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,作定语。名词性物主代词起名词的作用,在句子中可以做主语,宾语,定语或者是主语补语。形容词物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法区分(1)形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词,不能单独使用,后面必接名词,表示所有。形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,在句中作定语用。例如:my pen我的钢笔 your bag你的书包 his bike他的自行车 her desk她的书桌 (2)在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。例:There is a book. It's hers. 这有本书。是她的。(3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词,有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.为避免重复使用bag,可写成My bag(形容词性) is yellow, hers(名词性=her bag) is red, his(名词性=his bag) is blue and yours(名词性=your bag) is pink. 即:My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.(4)物主代词的表格 数,类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数形容词性物主代词 my our your your his her its their名词性物主代词 mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs汉语 我的 我们的 你的 你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的【典例分析】1. —Is that eraser —No, it isn’t. It’s .A. his; her B. your; hers C. his; my D. my; your【答案】B【解析】句意:——那是你的橡皮么?——不,不是。它是她的(橡皮)。考查物主代词。根据问句中的“eraser橡皮”可知,空格处要填形容词性物主代词,修饰“eraser”,作定语。根据答句“It’s...它是…… ”可知,答句要填名词性物主代词,作表语。选项中只有“hers(=her eraser)”是名词性物主代词,故选B。2.Her opinion is different from , but I really agree with .A. his; her B. hers; hers C. his; hers D. him; hers【答案】A【解析】第一个空后无名词用名词性物主代词,第二个空用宾格形式。3.This isn’t ______pen. It’s ______pen.A. your; I B.my; your C. her; you D. his; hers【答案】B【解析】此处的两个空都是修饰名词的,所以应该用形容词性物主代词。4.—Is this____ computer —Yes, it’s .My mother bought it for me.A.you; me . B.your; my . C.yours; mine . D.your; mine【答案】D【解析】句意:——这是你的电脑吗?——是的,它是我的,我母亲买给我的。考查物主代词。A. you; 你,人称代词主格和宾格;me我,人称代词宾格;B. your;你的,形容词性物主代词; my 我的,形容词性物主代词;C. yours;你的,名词性物主代词; mine 我的,名词性物主代词; D. your;你的,形容词性物主代词; mine我的,名词性物主代词。前者修饰其后的名词computer,应用形容词性的物主代词,表示“你的”应用your;后者没有名词,表示“我的电脑”,应用名词性的物主代词,表示“我的”应用mine。结合句意和语境可知选D。5. —Is this________ ruler —Yes, it’s her ruler.A. your B. your sister’s C. your brother’s D. you sister【答案】B【解析】根据答语中的her可以推测问句应为"这是你妹妹的尺子吗?"your sister’s意为"你妹妹的"。故选B。6.—Jerry, is that boy with glasses ________ new classmates —Yes. Let’s say hello to ____________.A. our; he B. us; him C. ours; his D. our; him【答案】D【解析】句意:——杰瑞,那个戴眼镜的男孩是我们的新同学吗 ——是的。让我们向他问好。考查代词辨析。前句名词classmates需用形容词性物主代词修饰;us(我们)是人称代词宾格,ours(我们的)是名词性物主代词,可排除BC两项。后句say hello to需接宾格代词,意思是“向他问好”;he(他)是人称代词主格,可排除A项。根据句意语境,可知选D。7.Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _______.A. he B. his C. him D. himself【答案】C【解析】句意:汤姆是我最好的朋友。我经常和他一起打篮球。A. he“他”,代词主格B. his“他的”,形容词性或名词性物主代词;C. him“他”,代词宾格;D. himself“他自己”,反身代词。介词with后跟代词宾格形式,故答案为C。注意:人称代词分为主格和宾格,主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。如:He is a teacher.(主格) Let me help you.(宾格);物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词用作定语,修饰名词,如my book, his father(形容词性物主代词)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如:His hands are dirtier than mine (my hands).8. I put the book on the desk last night. But I can’t find ______ now.A. him B. her C. them D. it【答案】D【解析】it 代替前面the book 。9. — Are these _______ pencils — No. They are _______.A. your; their B. your; theirs C. yours; their D. yours; the【答案】B【解析】pencil 铅笔。名词前面用形容词性的物主代词。后一空用名词性物主代词。10. — Whose bike is this — It’s ______.A. I B. me C. my D. mine【答案】D【解析】他是我的。 Mine=my bike二、 按提示的人称用适当形式的代词填空。1. Here is a postcard for __________ (you) father.2. Helen wants to buy a car of ________ (she) own.3. That is _______ (she) dress. _______ (its) is beautiful.4. ________ (them) come from Japan. ________ (them) eyes are black.5. Kate is ________ (I) friend. __________ (her) is a very nice girl.6. Is that box _________ (you) Yes, it’s __________ (my).7. ________ (we) classroom is smaller than _________ (them).8 .This is ________ (me) mother. _________ (her) is a doctor.9. The shirt is __________ (he). Please give it to __________ (he).10. _________ (he) chair is blue. __________ (she) is red.【答案】1.your 2.her 3.her it 4. They their 5.my she 6.yours mine 7.our theirs 8.my she 9.hers him 10. His hers【话题分析】单元是围绕“收藏作为一种爱好”进行写作,运用目标单词和短语及句式介绍你或你周围的人的收藏爱好。通过学习范文,模仿文章结构,结合关键词来完成话题写作。1.目标语言:一般现在时,或过去时态,关于“收集”方面的单词和短语。2.文章结构可以从这几个方面着手写:a.喜欢的收藏。b.如何进行收藏(什么时候开始,如何获得,规模,最喜欢的收藏)c.喜欢收藏意义及感受。3.通过写作训练复习本单元的词汇及句型,使本单元目标语言在实际语言环境中得到运用.Basic structure of a description of a collection【短语积累】1. 有趣的收藏 ____________________2.收集邮票____________________3把...添加到.. ____________________4.浪费时间____________________5. (父母给孩子的)零花钱____________________6.全世界____________________7.钥匙圈____________________8.飞机模型____________________9培养一个爱好____________________10. 使想起 ___________________11 多亏了 ____________________12.极其小心地____________________13.对......感兴趣____________________14. 收集甜蜜回忆____________________15 达到(某数量、程度等) ____________________【答案】1.an interesting collection 2.collect stamps 3.add…to 4.a waste of time 5.pocket money 6.all over the world 7.key rings 8.model plane 9.develop a hobby 10.remind…of (make….think of) 11.thanks to 12.with great care 13.be interested in 14.collect sweet memory 15.up to【句式积累】1.这是我的收藏,我是一个硬币收藏者。我喜欢收集硬币,因为它们有着悠久的历史背景和文化价值。(文章开头)【答案】This is my collection, I am a collector of coins. I like collecting coins because they have a long historical background and cultural value2.我的爱好是收集明信片。我收集了200多张来自不同地方的明信片。(文章开头)【答案】My hobby is collecting postcards. I have a collection of over 200 postcards from various places.3.两年前,我开始收集旧书。(文章中间)【答案】I began to collect old books two years ago.4.多亏了爷爷,我养成了这个爱好。 (文章中间)【答案】I developed this hobby thanks to my grandpa.5.我在花市或网上买了一些。我也从朋友那里得到了一些。 (文章中间)【答案】I bought some of them at the flower market or online. I also got some from my friends.6.我一直在通过与其他收藏家交流来增加我的收藏。(文章中间)【答案】I have been adding to my collection by exchanging with other collectors.7.我喜欢邮票,因为它们很漂亮。他们还可以教我不同国家的历史和文化.(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)【答案】I love stamps because they are very beautiful. They can also teach me about the history and culture of different countries8.它们让我想起与家人和朋友在一起的幸福时刻(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)【答案】They make me think of happy moments in life together with family and friends.9.通过明信片,我可以体验世界的美丽和多样性.(喜欢收藏的原因。结尾)【答案】Through postcards, I can experience the beauty and diversity of the world.10.我父母不喜欢我收集它们,他们认为这是浪费时间和金钱。他们认为我必须把学习放在第一位。(对收藏的看法)【答案】My parents don’t like me to collect them, they think it's a waste of time and money, they think I must put my study first.11.多亏了这张邮票,我对中国传统建筑产生了兴趣,并开始收集类似的邮票(对收藏的看法)【答案】Thanks to this stamp, I became interested in traditional Chinese buildings, and I started to collect similar stamps【实战演练】假设你是Peter,平时喜欢收集各种票。请根据下面的提示,以“My collection”为题写一篇英语短文。要求80词左右,可围绕提示内容适当发挥,开头已给出,不计入总词数。提示:1.When did you start to collect tickets 2.How many tickets do you have now 3.How do you get them What’s your favourite ticket and the reason 4.Why do you like collecting tickets ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My collectionI love collecting all kinds of tickets, such as train tickets, movie tickets and tickets to museums and other places.I began to collect tickets 3 years ago. When I got a ticket for the first time, I found that it was beautiful. Therefore, I began collecting tickets. Up to now, I have got more than 200 different tickets. I get them from different places. I get movie tickets when I go to the cinema. I get train tickets when I travel. I ask my friends to give theirs to me as well. My favorite ticket is a concert ticket. I went to a famous singer's concert with my friends. It was an unforgettable experience.I enjoy collecting tickets. They not only help me remember different beautiful places and times I had clearly, but also they are a good way for me to keep track of my life.21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 8 知识梳理(原卷版).docx Unit 8 知识梳理(解析版).docx